CN113032951A - Broadband transparent wave absorber based on genetic algorithm design optimization and design method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a broadband transparent wave absorber based on genetic algorithm design optimization and a design method thereof. The broadband transparent wave absorber comprises a transparent conductive film and a dielectric layer, the transparent conductive film comprises a bottom low-impedance conductive film layer (1), a middle patterned conductive film layer (2) and an upper patterned conductive film layer (3), the dielectric layer I is arranged between the bottom low-impedance conductive film layer (1) and the middle patterned conductive film layer (2), the dielectric layer II is arranged between the middle patterned conductive film layer (2) and the upper patterned conductive film layer (3), and the dielectric layer I and the dielectric layer II are both air dielectrics; the broadband transparent wave absorbers are periodically arranged on the two-dimensional plane to form a chessboard, and the broadband transparent wave absorbers are uniformly arranged on the two-dimensional plane along the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. The invention solves the problems of broadband absorption and low profile of the wave absorber, and designs complementary resonance patterns and structural parameters by using a genetic algorithm, thereby realizing the metamaterial wave absorber.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of wave absorbers; in particular to a broadband transparent wave absorber based on genetic algorithm design optimization and a design method thereof.
Background
In the military field, the microwave band metamaterial is applied to equipment with stealth requirements such as fighters and the like in recent years, the microwave band of a machine body is stealthed, and the visible light transparent microwave band of a cabin cover is stealthed. The method has great requirements on the aspects of civil fields, electromagnetic compatibility fields, microwave darkroom optical windows and the like on absorber metamaterials.
The Salisbury screen reflection characteristic research proposed in 1988 since the resistance film layer is used for regulating and controlling the absorption of electromagnetic waves. A study of the Jaumann screen absorber in 1990. Both absorbers can achieve extremely high absorption over a narrow frequency band. However, in the face of the new times of requirements of 'light, thin, high optical transmittance, wide coverage frequency range and strong absorption capacity' of the absorber, the traditional absorber is difficult to meet.
Metamaterials are a class of man-made materials with special properties, the electromagnetic properties of which depend on their own artificial structure. Compared with the traditional microwave absorber, the metamaterial can better combine with actual requirements, and designs a used medium and an artificial structure, so that a wider frequency band, a smaller section and higher optical transmittance are realized.
The design key of the metamaterial wave absorber is the artificial structure, and the performance of the wave absorber is determined by the advantages and disadvantages of the artificial structure design. The existing wave absorber design theory, such as an analog circuit method, and an equivalent medium method have certain explanation for simple resonance patterns. However, simple resonant patterns have some limitations in terms of broadband and low profile, and complex resonant patterns have more excellent performance in both aspects. There is no direct correspondence between complex patterns and performance. It is difficult to rapidly propose a resonance pattern in response to a demand.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a broadband transparent wave absorber based on genetic algorithm design optimization and a design method thereof, which solve the problems of broadband absorption and low profile of the wave absorber; and (3) designing a complementary artificial resonance pattern by utilizing a genetic algorithm, thereby quickly realizing the design of the metamaterial wave absorber.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a broadband transparent wave absorber designed and optimized based on genetic algorithm comprises a transparent conductive film and a dielectric layer, wherein the transparent conductive film comprises a bottom low-impedance conductive film layer 1, a middle patterned conductive film layer 2 and an upper patterned conductive film layer 3, the dielectric layer I is arranged between the bottom low-impedance conductive film layer 1 and the middle patterned conductive film layer 2, the dielectric layer II is arranged between the middle patterned conductive film layer 2 and the upper patterned conductive film layer 3, and the dielectric layer I and the dielectric layer II are air dielectrics;
the broadband transparent wave absorbers are periodically arranged on the two-dimensional plane to form a chessboard, and the broadband transparent wave absorbers are uniformly arranged on the two-dimensional plane along the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.
Furthermore, the plurality of broadband transparent wave absorbers are arranged in an M multiplied by N period on a two-dimensional plane, and M, N is a non-zero positive integer.
Furthermore, each row in the horizontal direction of the periodic arrangement is larger than m broadband transparent wave absorbers, and the vertical direction of the periodic arrangement is larger than n broadband transparent wave absorbers.
A design method of a broadband transparent wave absorber based on genetic algorithm design optimization comprises the following steps:
step 1: establishing an electromagnetic simulation model of a wave absorber in electromagnetic simulation software;
step 2: inputting the range of the parameters of the wave absorber structure in electromagnetic simulation software;
and step 3: randomly sampling the parameters in the step 2 to generate initial individuals, namely parameters corresponding to the individuals;
and 4, step 4: importing the individual parameters generated in the step 3 into electromagnetic simulation software and running the individual parameters;
and 5: s parameters of the current generation of individuals are obtained in the simulation operated in the step 4, and are imported into a fitness function to obtain an adaptive value of the current generation of individuals;
step 6: judging whether the adaptive value in the step 5 meets the requirement, if so, performing a step 8, and if not, performing a step 7;
and 7: using the adaptive value to perform selection operation, cross operation and variation operation on the individuals of the current generation to generate the range of the input parameters of the individuals of the next generation, and returning to the step 4;
and 8: and finishing the design to obtain the complementary patterned wave absorber structures of the upper layer and the middle layer.
Further, initializing that the basic coefficient of the genetic algorithm comprises the number of individuals of each generation, optimizing the elements of the design unit, and outputting the fitness function of the evaluation function; the expression using the function is:
Best(Fitness(xpattern,xparameter))＝Gene(xbase,xpattern,xparameter)
wherein Best () is the selected optimal data, Fitness () is the Fitness function, Gene () is the genetic algorithm, xbaseBeing a basic parameter of the genetic algorithm, xpatternIs a pattern element, xparameterAre parameter elements.
Further, the input genetic algorithm is initialized, and the number x of individuals of each generationbaseInputting pattern element xpatternAnd a parameter element xparameterA corresponding range; selecting and generating an initial generation individual between ranges by utilizing random sampling; and simulating the initialized pattern elements and the parameter elements to obtain S parameters, and inputting the S parameters into the fitness function to obtain a fitness value.
Further, a pattern element xpatternThe pixel parameters of the design pattern are referred, wherein the number of independent pixels of the initial design area is m × m, and the rest parts are formed by symmetrically rotating the initial design area along the center of the unit; the parameter corresponding to each pixel is set to be 0 or 1, and respectively represents that no conductive coating or a conductive coating exists at the position of the pixel; the upper layer and the middle layer are of complementary structures, if the first pixel of the upper layer selects 0, the first pixel of the middle layer selects 1, if the first pixel of the upper layer selects 1,the first pixel in the middle layer is selected to be 0.
Further, the parameter element xparameterIncluding physical parameters of the design element; the unit comprises a side length x1mm of the unit, a thickness x2mm of an upper-layer air cavity, a thickness x3mm of a lower-layer air cavity, and a sheet resistance x4 (omega/□) of a transparent conductive film of an upper layer and a middle layer; selecting the upper layer and the middle layer, wherein the surface resistances of the upper layer and the middle layer are consistent, the upper layer and the middle layer are positioned at the same pixel position, and only one conductive coating is present; the range of the side length x1 of the unit is 9-20mm, the range of the air cavity thickness x2 and x3 is 1-5mm, and the range of the surface resistance x4 of the transparent conductive film of the upper layer and the middle layer is 40-200 omega/□.
Furthermore, the fitness function is designed to be a relative bandwidth corresponding to a frequency range with the absorptivity greater than 0.9 or 0.95; wherein the formula for the absorbance is defined as:
A＝1-|S11|2-|S21|2
wherein S11 is the reflectivity, S21 is the transmittance
The relative bandwidth formula is defined as:
ffoc＝2×(fH-fL)/(fH+fL)
where ffoc represents the relative bandwidth, fH represents the highest frequency of the entire frequency band for which the absorption rate is greater than 0.9, and fL represents the lowest frequency of the entire frequency band for which the absorption rate is greater than 0.9.
Further, the metamaterial wave absorber design unit has the following elements:
xpattern＝[0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,1,1]；
xparameter＝[x1,x2,x3,x4]＝[18,3.5,2.5,150]；
the metamaterial wave absorbers correspond to the units; the electromagnetic waves with different polarizations can have the absorption rate of more than 0.9 in the frequency range of 6-36 GHz; the electromagnetic waves with different incident angles can have the absorptivity of more than 0.9 within the incident angle of 50 degrees in the frequency range of 6-36GHz, and the thickness is 6.37 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1 by the method, the ultra-broadband transparent wave absorber can be designed, and the structure is difficult to obtain by manpower design or in a short time.
2 the absorber obtained by this method can absorb various polarized plane waves when they are incident.
3 the wave absorber obtained by the method has good visual field impression and higher optical transmittance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the cell structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the array structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a transparent mesh medium supporting a conductive film layer according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the normal incidence absorbance of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the oblique incidence absorption of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of the absorbance of different polarizations of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the absorption rate of the present invention, wherein (a) is an independent pixel 2 × 2 period arrangement i, (b) is an independent pixel 2 × 2 period arrangement ii, (c) is an independent pixel 3 × 3 period arrangement i, (d) is an independent pixel 3 × 3 period arrangement ii, (e) is an independent pixel 4 × 4 period arrangement i, (f) is an independent pixel 4 × 4 period arrangement ii, (g) is an independent pixel 8 × 8 period arrangement, and (h) is an independent pixel 10 × 10 period arrangement.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) the upper layer i is arranged in 2 × 2 cycles for individual pixels, (b) the upper layer ii is arranged in 2 × 2 cycles for individual pixels, (c) the upper layer i is arranged in 3 × 3 cycles for individual pixels, (d) the upper layer ii is arranged in 3 × 3 cycles for individual pixels, (e) the upper layer i is arranged in 4 × 4 cycles for individual pixels, (f) the upper layer ii is arranged in 4 × 4 cycles for individual pixels, (g) the upper layer i is arranged in 8 × 8 cycles for individual pixels, and (h) the upper layer i is arranged in 10 × 10 cycles for individual pixels.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-6, a broadband transparent wave absorber designed and optimized based on genetic algorithm comprises a transparent conductive film and a dielectric layer, wherein the transparent conductive film comprises a bottom low-impedance conductive film layer 1, a middle patterned conductive film layer 2 and an upper patterned conductive film layer 3, the dielectric layer i is arranged between the bottom low-impedance conductive film layer 1 and the middle patterned conductive film layer 2, the dielectric layer ii is arranged between the middle patterned conductive film layer 2 and the upper patterned conductive film layer 3, and both the dielectric layer i and the dielectric layer ii are air media;
the broadband transparent wave absorbers are periodically arranged on the two-dimensional plane to form a chessboard, and the broadband transparent wave absorbers are uniformly arranged on the two-dimensional plane along the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.
Furthermore, the plurality of broadband transparent wave absorbers are arranged in an M multiplied by N period on a two-dimensional plane, and M, N is a non-zero positive integer.
Furthermore, each row in the horizontal direction of the periodic arrangement is larger than m broadband transparent wave absorbers, and the vertical direction of the periodic arrangement is larger than n broadband transparent wave absorbers.
A design method of a broadband transparent wave absorber based on genetic algorithm design optimization comprises the following steps:
step 1: establishing an electromagnetic simulation model of a wave absorber in electromagnetic simulation software;
step 2: inputting the range of the parameters of the wave absorber structure in electromagnetic simulation software;
and step 3: randomly sampling the parameters in the step 2 to generate initial individuals, namely parameters corresponding to the individuals;
and 4, step 4: importing the individual parameters generated in the step 3 into electromagnetic simulation software and running the individual parameters;
and 5: s parameters of the current generation of individuals are obtained in the simulation operated in the step 4, and are imported into a fitness function to obtain an adaptive value of the current generation of individuals;
step 6: judging whether the adaptive value in the step 5 meets the requirement, if so, performing a step 8, and if not, performing a step 7;
and 7: using the adaptive value to perform selection operation, cross operation and variation operation on the individuals of the current generation to generate the range of the input parameters of the individuals of the next generation, and returning to the step 4;
and 8: and finishing the design to obtain the complementary patterned wave absorber structures of the upper layer and the middle layer.
Further, initializing that the basic coefficient of the genetic algorithm comprises the number of individuals of each generation, optimizing the elements of the design unit, and outputting the fitness function of the evaluation function; the expression using the function is:
Best(Fitness(xpattern,xparameter))＝Gene(xbase,xpattern,xparameter)
wherein Best () is the selected optimal data, Fitness () is the Fitness function, Gene () is the genetic algorithm, xbaseBeing a basic parameter of the genetic algorithm, xpatternIs a pattern element, xparameterAre parameter elements.
Further, the input genetic algorithm is initialized, and the number x of individuals of each generationbaseInputting pattern element xpatternAnd a parameter element xparameterA corresponding range; selecting and generating an initial generation individual between ranges by utilizing random sampling; and simulating the initialized pattern elements and the parameter elements to obtain S parameters, and inputting the S parameters into the fitness function to obtain a fitness value.
Further, a pattern element xpatternThe pixel parameters of the design pattern are referred, wherein the number of independent pixels of the initial design area is m × m, and the rest parts are formed by symmetrically rotating the initial design area along the center of the unit; the same absorption effect of different polarized incidence is ensured; the parameter corresponding to each pixel is set to be 0 or 1, and respectively represents that no conductive coating or a conductive coating exists at the position of the pixel; the upper layer and the middle layer are of complementary structures, if the first pixel of the upper layer is 0, the first pixel of the middle layer is 1, and if the first pixel of the upper layer is 1When the pixel selects 1, the first pixel of the middle layer selects 0; the complementary structure makes the optical transmittance of the wave absorber keep consistent from the normal direction and the observation of a small angle.
Further, the parameter element xparameterIncluding physical parameters of the design element; the unit comprises a side length x1mm of the unit, a thickness x2mm of an upper-layer air cavity, a thickness x3mm of a lower-layer air cavity, and a sheet resistance x4 (omega/□) of a transparent conductive film of an upper layer and a middle layer; the surface resistances of the upper layer and the middle layer are selected to be consistent, the upper layer and the middle layer are positioned at the same pixel position, and only one conductive coating exists, so that the optical transmittance of all the parts is ensured to be consistent, and the visual field of a person is good; the range of the side length x1 of the unit is 9-20mm, and the range of the air cavity thickness x2 and x3 is 1-5mm, and the range of the area resistance x4 of the transparent conductive film of the upper layer and the middle layer is 40-200 omega/□.
Furthermore, the fitness function is designed to be a relative bandwidth corresponding to a frequency range with the absorptivity greater than 0.9 or 0.95; wherein the formula for the absorbance is defined as:
A＝1-|S11|2-|S21|2
wherein S11 is the reflectivity, S21 is the transmittance;
the relative bandwidth formula is defined as:
ffoc＝2×(fH-fL)/(fH+fL)
where ffoc represents the relative bandwidth, fH represents the highest frequency of the entire frequency band for which the absorption rate is greater than 0.9, and fL represents the lowest frequency of the entire frequency band for which the absorption rate is greater than 0.9.
Further, the metamaterial wave absorber design unit has the elements of
xpattern＝[0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,1,1]；
xparameter＝[x1,x2,x3,x4]＝[18,3.5,2.5,150]；
The metamaterial wave absorbers corresponding to the unit have good absorption effects on electromagnetic waves with different polarizations and electromagnetic waves incident at different angles; the electromagnetic waves with different polarizations can have high absorptivity of more than 0.9 within the frequency range of 6-36 GHz; the electromagnetic waves with different incident angles have high absorptivity of more than 0.9 within 50 degrees of the incident angle and within the frequency range of 6-36GHz, and the thickness is 6.37mm, so that the low profile is realized.
And the complementary graphical conductive film layers of the upper layer and the middle layer adopt a genetic algorithm or other local search algorithms to call electromagnetic simulation software to determine whether the conductive coating is filled in the pixel position and key parameters of the unit, so that the resonance pattern is obtained.
The fitness function adopted by the genetic algorithm is a relative bandwidth of a corresponding frequency band with the absorptivity higher than 0.9 or 0.95.
The manufacturing method of the patterned resistive film is to etch the resistive film by laser or screen print the resistive film. The resistance film is generally transparent conductive film such as ITO film, silver nanowire film, copper mesh grid film, etc., and the thickness is 0.01-0.02 mm.
The middle air dielectric layer is realized by attaching a conductive film layer on the transparent grid. The side length of the transparent grid is generally 5-7 unit periods, and the grid width w1 is less than 1 cm.
The height of the upper air cavity x2 is 2-4mm, and the height of the lower air cavity x3 is 2-4 mm.
The surface resistance of the middle resistive film is consistent with that of the upper resistive film, the surface resistance is 150-200 omega/□, and the surface resistance of the lower resistive film is generally less than 10 omega/□.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the metamaterial wave absorber structure of the invention comprises (1) a low-impedance conductive film layer at the bottom, (2) a patterned conductive film layer at the middle layer, and (3) a patterned conductive film layer at the upper layer. The wave absorber dimension parameters comprise the side length of the x1 unit, the thickness of the upper air cavity of x2 and the thickness of the lower air cavity of x 3. The absorber elements are combined into a 10 x 10 rectangular matrix and the conductive film layer is attached to the transparent grid medium as shown in fig. 2. The width of the transparent mesh medium in fig. 3 is w 1.
Firstly, establishing a wave absorber unit electromagnetic simulation model in electromagnetic simulation software, and inputting physical parameters of a wave absorber. The film used in the invention is a PET-ITO conductive film layer. The dielectric constant of PET was set to 2.65, the loss tangent was set to 0.015, and the thickness of the PET film was set to 0.012 mm. Bottom layerThe surface resistance of the conductive film layer was set to 6 Ω/□, and a parameter element x was setparameterThe side length x1 of the cell, the thickness x2 of the upper air cavity, the thickness x3 of the lower air cavity, and the sheet resistance x4 of the transparent conductive film of the upper and middle layers are variables. In the electromagnetic simulation model, only the upper layer and the middle layer of PET substrate and the bottom layer of low-impedance transparent conductive film are arranged. The patterns of the upper layer and the middle layer are filled by a program.
Inputting the number x of individuals evolved by each generation of genetic algorithm in a program written by pythonbaseAnd the optional ranges of x1, x2, x3, and x 4. Running a program to initialize a first generation simulated pattern element x within a variable selection range using random samplingpatternAnd parameter element xparameter. And establishing a model of the pattern in the electromagnetic simulation software by using an electromagnetic simulation software interface in the program, and importing an initial value of a variable to simulate.
The simulation software can directly obtain the S parameter of the wave absorber, and the post-processing program converts the S parameter into a value of a required fitness function through a formula. Through the value of the fitness function, the individual of the current generation is subjected to selection, intersection and variation operation to generate the pattern element x of the next generationpatternAnd parameter element xparameterAnd then, the data is imported into electromagnetic simulation software, and the subsequent cycle is started.
And when the value of the fitness function meets the requirement, the genetic algorithm stops running. And obtaining pattern elements and parameter elements corresponding to the wave absorber with the maximum relative bandwidth. And the designed broadband wave absorber unit is obtained by using the broadband wave absorber. The cells are arranged in a matrix and etched on a uniform conductive film layer. The film was attached to a transparent grid to make a sample.
The simulation results of the absorption cell obtained are shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6. The absorptivity reaches 0.99 at 9.28GHz and 31.33GHz, the absorption is higher than the frequency band of 0.9 and covers 6-36GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 1.42. Within less than 50 DEG of oblique incidence, an absorption capacity of more than 0.9 in the frequency band range is still ensured. When electromagnetic waves with different polarizations are incident, the absorption capacity of the wave absorber provided by the invention is not affected.
TABLE 1
Table 1 corresponds to fig. 7(a) (b), fig. 8 (a) and (b);
TABLE 2
Table 2 corresponds to fig. 7(c) (d), fig. 8 (c) and (d);
TABLE 3
Table 3 corresponds to fig. 7(e) (f), fig. 8 (e) and (f);
fig. 7(g) corresponds to fig. 8 (g).
Fig. 7(h) corresponds to fig. 8 (h).
Claims (10)
1. A broadband transparent wave absorber designed and optimized based on a genetic algorithm is characterized by comprising a transparent conductive film and a dielectric layer, wherein the transparent conductive film comprises a bottom low-impedance conductive film layer (1), a middle patterned conductive film layer (2) and an upper patterned conductive film layer (3), the dielectric layer I is arranged between the bottom low-impedance conductive film layer (1) and the middle patterned conductive film layer (2), the dielectric layer II is arranged between the middle patterned conductive film layer (2) and the upper patterned conductive film layer (3), and the dielectric layer I and the dielectric layer II are air media;
the broadband transparent wave absorbers are periodically arranged on the two-dimensional plane to form a chessboard, and the broadband transparent wave absorbers are uniformly arranged on the two-dimensional plane along the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.
2. The broadband transparent wave absorber optimized based on genetic algorithm design according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the broadband transparent wave absorbers are arranged in M × N periods on a two-dimensional plane, and M, N is a non-zero positive integer.
3. The broadband transparent wave absorber designed and optimized based on genetic algorithm as claimed in claim 1, wherein the horizontal direction of the periodic arrangement is greater than m broadband transparent wave absorbers per row, and the vertical direction of the periodic arrangement is greater than n broadband transparent wave absorbers.
4. The method for designing the broadband transparent absorber based on genetic algorithm design optimization according to claim 1, wherein the method for designing the broadband transparent absorber comprises the following steps:
step 1: establishing an electromagnetic simulation model of a wave absorber in electromagnetic simulation software;
step 2: inputting the range of the parameters of the wave absorber structure in electromagnetic simulation software;
and step 3: randomly sampling the parameters in the step 2 to generate initial individuals, namely parameters corresponding to the individuals;
and 4, step 4: importing the individual parameters generated in the step 3 into electromagnetic simulation software and running the individual parameters;
and 5: s parameters of the current generation of individuals are obtained in the simulation operated in the step 4, and are imported into a fitness function to obtain an adaptive value of the current generation of individuals;
step 6: judging whether the adaptive value in the step 5 meets the requirement, if so, performing a step 8, and if not, performing a step 7;
and 7: using the adaptive value to perform selection operation, cross operation and variation operation on the individuals of the current generation to generate the range of the input parameters of the individuals of the next generation, and returning to the step 4;
and 8: and finishing the design to obtain the complementary patterned wave absorber structures of the upper layer and the middle layer.
5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the basic coefficients of the genetic algorithm including the number of individuals of each generation are initialized, the elements of the design unit are optimized, and the fitness function of the evaluation function is output; the expression using the function is:
Best(Fitness(xpattern,xparameter))＝Gene(xbase,xpattern,xparameter)
wherein Best () is the selected optimal data, Fitness () is the Fitness function, Gene () is the genetic algorithm, xbaseBeing a basic parameter of the genetic algorithm, xpatternIs a pattern element, xparameterAre parameter elements.
6. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the genetic algorithm is initialized, and the number of individuals per generation x is inputted into the genetic algorithmbaseInputting pattern element xpatternAnd a parameter element xparameterA corresponding range; selecting and generating an initial generation individual between ranges by utilizing random sampling; and simulating the initialized pattern elements and the parameter elements to obtain S parameters, and inputting the S parameters into the fitness function to obtain a fitness value.
7. The method as claimed in claim 5 or 6, wherein the pattern element x is a pattern element xpatternThe pixel parameters of the design pattern are referred, wherein the number of independent pixels of the initial design area is m × m, and the rest parts are formed by symmetrically rotating the initial design area along the center of the unit; the parameter corresponding to each pixel is set to be 0 or 1, and respectively represents that no conductive coating or a conductive coating exists at the position of the pixel; the upper layer and the middle layer are of complementary structures, if the first pixel of the upper layer selects 0, the first pixel of the middle layer selects 1, and if the first pixel of the upper layer selects 1, the first pixel of the middle layer selects 0.
8. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the parameter element x is a parameter element of the broadband transparent absorber design optimized based on genetic algorithmparameterIncluding physical parameters of the design element; including the dimension x1mm of the side length of the cell, the upper airThe thickness of the cavity x2mm, the thickness of the lower air cavity x3mm, and the sheet resistance of the transparent conductive film of the upper layer and the middle layer x4 (omega/□); selecting the upper layer and the middle layer, wherein the surface resistances of the upper layer and the middle layer are consistent, the upper layer and the middle layer are positioned at the same pixel position, and only one conductive coating is present; the range of the side length x1 of the unit is 9-20mm, and the range of the air cavity thickness x2 and x3 is 1-5mm, and the range of the area resistance x4 of the transparent conductive film of the upper layer and the middle layer is 40-200 omega/□.
9. The design method of the broadband transparent absorber based on genetic algorithm design optimization as claimed in claim 5, wherein the fitness function is designed to have a relative bandwidth corresponding to a frequency range with an absorption rate greater than 0.9 or 0.95;
wherein the formula for the absorbance is defined as:
A＝1-|S11|2-|S21|2
wherein S11 is the reflectivity, S21 is the transmittance
The relative bandwidth formula is defined as:
ffoc＝2×(fH-fL)/(fH+fL)
where ffoc represents the relative bandwidth, fH represents the highest frequency of the entire frequency band for which the absorption rate is greater than 0.9, and fL represents the lowest frequency of the entire frequency band for which the absorption rate is greater than 0.9.
10. The method for designing the broadband transparent absorber based on genetic algorithm design optimization according to claim 6, wherein the metamaterial absorber design unit comprises:
xpattern＝[0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,1,1]；
xparameter＝[x1,x2,x3,x4]＝[18,3.5,2.5,150]；
the metamaterial wave absorbers correspond to the units; the electromagnetic waves with different polarizations can have the absorption rate of more than 0.9 in the frequency range of 6-36 GHz; the electromagnetic waves with different incident angles can have the absorptivity of more than 0.9 within the incident angle of 50 degrees in the frequency range of 6-36GHz, and the thickness is 6.37 mm.
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| CN115084869A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-09-20 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Ultra-wide band wide-angle domain stealth structure material |
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| CN113652983A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-11-16 | 浙江绍兴零贝环保科技有限公司 | Sound barrier design method based on machine learning |
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| CN115173073A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-10-11 | 四川大学 | Aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor printed dipole antenna |
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| CN115173073B (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2023-08-29 | 四川大学 | Aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor printed dipole antenna |
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