CN113031056B - Fault closure analysis method and device under construction constraint - Google Patents
Fault closure analysis method and device under construction constraint Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/282—Application of seismic models, synthetic seismograms
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/30—Analysis
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- G01V1/302—Analysis for determining seismic cross-sections or geostructures in 3D data cubes
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- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/60—Analysis
- G01V2210/61—Analysis by combining or comparing a seismic data set with other data
- G01V2210/616—Data from specific type of measurement
- G01V2210/6169—Data from specific type of measurement using well-logging
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- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
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Abstract
The invention provides a fault closure analysis method and device under construction constraint. The method comprises the following steps: interpreting the seismic data of the target fault research area, and determining fault and horizon information; modeling under construction constraint according to the fault and horizon information, and determining a fault and stratum model; grid division is carried out on the section of the fault, the intersection line of the fault and stratum is analyzed under construction constraint, and the stratum intersection relationship on two sides of the fault is determined; projecting logging data according to the construction constraint and the handover relation, and determining the closure coefficient values of a plurality of grid points of the fault section; and determining the sealing property of the fault according to the sealing property coefficient values of a plurality of grid points of the fault section, and exploring and developing the fault block oil and gas reservoir by utilizing the sealing property. The invention solves the technical problems of only two-dimensional analysis and low accuracy and scientificity for determining the fault closure in the prior art, and achieves the effect of determining the fault closure with higher precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploration and development, in particular to a fault closure analysis method and device under structural constraint.
Background
The fault sealing performance is one of the core problems of petroleum geology research, and is concerned by petroleum geology workers at home and abroad, 80% of fault block oil and gas reservoirs are controlled by the fault sealing performance, fault sealing performance analysis directly relates to whether the trap under fault control can be accurately judged, namely whether the trap can be hidden and the oil and gas height can be accurately judged, and relates to whether the oil and gas height and the trap area of the predicted fault block trap can be accurately judged, so that fault sealing performance analysis is important for improving the oil and gas exploration benefit, and the deployment and investment of exploration decision are directly influenced.
In the prior art of fault closure analysis, the closure of a target fault is determined through an ideal model by an SGR (fault mud ratio) method, but in specific implementation, the existing evaluation parameter model is too ideal, only the simple proportional relation between the clay content and the fault distance is considered, and the influence of structural change on the closure is not considered; meanwhile, at present, the closure evaluation is based on a formula for simple analysis, quantification and software cannot be achieved, and the efficiency is low. Therefore, the accuracy of existing fault seal analysis is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fault seal analysis method under construction constraint, the method including:
Interpreting the seismic data of the target fault research area, and determining fault and horizon information;
modeling under construction constraint according to the fault and horizon information, and determining a fault and stratum model;
grid division is carried out on the section of the fault, the intersection line of the fault and stratum is analyzed under construction constraint, and the stratum intersection relationship on two sides of the fault is determined;
projecting logging data according to the construction constraint and the handover relation, and determining the closure coefficient values of a plurality of grid points of the fault section;
and determining the sealing property of the fault according to the sealing property coefficient values of a plurality of grid points of the fault section, and exploring and developing the fault block oil and gas reservoir by utilizing the sealing property.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the interpreting the seismic data of the target fault study area, and determining fault and horizon information includes: and (3) interpreting the three-dimensional seismic data volume of the target fault research area to obtain the fault section spread data, the fault distance information and the horizon data of the faults.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the meshing the section of the fault, analyzing intersection lines of the fault and the stratum under a construction constraint, and determining a stratum intersection relationship at two sides of the fault includes: dividing the cross section of the fault into grids, restraining according to the structural change trend, projecting the stratum to the cross section of the fault along the stratum change, and intersecting the stratum with the cross section to form a stratum and fault intersecting line; and determining the intersection relationship of the stratum at two sides of the fault according to the formed stratum and the fault intersection line.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the projecting the logging data according to the construction constraint and the handover relation, determining the closure coefficient value of the grid points of the fault section includes: projecting logging data according to the construction constraint and the handover relation, loading the logging data into a plurality of grid points of a fracture surface of the fracture, and determining the clay content of each grid point of the fracture surface; determining the breaking distance value of each grid point of the section according to the breaking distance information of the section; and calculating the sealing coefficient value of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the clay content and the breaking distance value of each grid point of the fracture surface.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, determining the closure of the fault according to the closure coefficient values of the grid points of the fault section includes: determining a threshold value of a closure coefficient of the fault study area according to geological data of the fault study area; and comparing the sealing coefficient value of a plurality of grid points of the fracture surface of the fault with a threshold value of the sealing coefficient of the fault study area, and determining the sealing of the fault according to the comparison result.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, comparing the sealing coefficient values of the grid points of the fracture surface of the fault with a threshold value of the sealing coefficient of the fault study area, and determining the sealing of the fault according to the comparison result includes: if the sealing coefficient value of a grid point is not greater than the threshold value of the sealing coefficient, sealing the grid point; otherwise, the grid point is not closed.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the exploring and developing the fault block hydrocarbon reservoir by using the sealing property includes: and when the preset number of grid points of the fault section are closed, drilling the fault block trap under fault control.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a fault closure analysis device under construction constraint, which comprises:
the data interpretation module is used for interpreting the seismic data of the target fault research area and determining fault and horizon information;
the modeling module is used for modeling under construction constraint according to the fault and horizon information and determining fault and stratum models;
the network dividing module is used for carrying out grid division on the section of the fault, analyzing the intersection line of the fault and the stratum under the construction constraint, and determining the stratum intersection relationship at two sides of the fault;
the coefficient determining module is used for projecting logging data according to the construction constraint and the handover relation and determining the closure coefficient values of a plurality of grid points of the fault section;
and the sealing property determining module is used for determining the sealing property of the fault according to the sealing property coefficient values of the grid points of the fault section, and utilizing the sealing property to explore and develop the fault block oil and gas reservoir.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the data interpretation module includes: the data interpretation unit is used for interpreting the three-dimensional seismic data volume of the target fault research area to obtain the fault section spread data, the fault distance information and the horizon data of the faults.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the network dividing module includes: the intersection line determining unit is used for carrying out grid division on the section of the fault, restraining according to the structural change trend, projecting the stratum to the section of the fault along the stratum change, and intersecting the stratum with the section to form a stratum and fault intersection line; and the intersection relation unit is used for determining the intersection relation of the strata at two sides of the fault according to the formed strata and the fault intersection line.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the coefficient determining module includes: the clay content determining unit is used for projecting the logging data according to the construction constraint and the handover relation, loading the logging data into a plurality of grid points of a fracture surface of the fracture, and determining clay content of each grid point of the fracture surface; the break distance value unit is used for determining the break distance value of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the break distance information of the fracture surface; and the coefficient determining unit is used for calculating the closure coefficient value of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the clay content and the breaking distance value of each grid point of the fracture surface.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the seal determining module includes: the threshold value determining unit is used for determining a threshold value of the closure coefficient of the fault research area according to geological data of the fault research area; and the closure determining unit is used for comparing the closure coefficient values of the grid points of the fracture surface of the fault with the threshold value of the closure coefficient of the fault study area and determining the closure of the fault according to the comparison result.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the closure determining unit includes: a judging subunit, configured to judge that a grid point is closed if the closure coefficient value of the grid point is not greater than the threshold value of the closure coefficient; otherwise, the grid point is not closed.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the seal determining module further includes: and the drilling control unit is used for drilling the fault block trap under fault control when the preset number of grid points of the fault section are closed.
The embodiment of the invention also provides computer equipment, which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor realizes the following steps when executing the computer program:
Interpreting the seismic data of the target fault research area, and determining fault and horizon information;
modeling under construction constraint according to the fault and horizon information, and determining a fault and stratum model;
grid division is carried out on the section of the fault, the intersection line of the fault and stratum is analyzed under construction constraint, and the stratum intersection relationship on two sides of the fault is determined;
projecting logging data according to the construction constraint and the handover relation, and determining the closure coefficient values of a plurality of grid points of the fault section;
and determining the sealing property of the fault according to the sealing property coefficient values of a plurality of grid points of the fault section, and exploring and developing the fault block oil and gas reservoir by utilizing the sealing property.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which when executed by a processor performs the steps of:
interpreting the seismic data of the target fault research area, and determining fault and horizon information;
modeling under construction constraint according to the fault and horizon information, and determining a fault and stratum model;
grid division is carried out on the section of the fault, the intersection line of the fault and stratum is analyzed under construction constraint, and the stratum intersection relationship on two sides of the fault is determined;
Projecting logging data according to the construction constraint and the handover relation, and determining the closure coefficient values of a plurality of grid points of the fault section;
and determining the sealing property of the fault according to the sealing property coefficient values of a plurality of grid points of the fault section, and exploring and developing the fault block oil and gas reservoir by utilizing the sealing property.
According to the invention, the influence of structural change on the accuracy and the closure of the geological model is considered, and the three-dimensional geological model construction and analysis are carried out by utilizing the structural modeling technology under the constraint of the small layers, so that the technical problems that only two-dimensional analysis can be carried out and the accuracy and the scientificity of determining the closure of the fault rock are low in the existing fault closure determination technology are solved, and the effect of determining the closure of the fault with higher accuracy is achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a fault seal analysis method under construction constraints in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a fault seal analysis method under construction constraints in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a detailed flow chart of a fault seal analysis method under construction constraints in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of depth-domain seismic data of an area where an interruption layer is located according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a fine structure model of an area where an interrupt layer is located according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the intersection of an interruption layer and a formation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the distribution of the values of the sealing coefficient R of the interrupted surface according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a fault seal analysis device under construction constraints according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention provides a fault closure analysis method and device under structural constraint.
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a fault seal analysis method under construction constraints according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the method includes:
step S1, explaining the seismic data of a target fault research area, and determining fault and horizon information;
s2, modeling under construction constraint according to the fault and horizon information, and determining a fault and stratum model;
step S3, grid division is carried out on the section of the fault, fault and stratum intersection lines are analyzed under construction constraint, and stratum intersection relations on two sides of the fault are determined;
s4, projecting logging data according to the construction constraint and the handover relation, and determining the closure coefficient values of a plurality of grid points of the fault section;
and S5, determining the sealing property of the fault according to the sealing coefficient values of the grid points of the fault section, and utilizing the sealing property to explore and develop the fault block oil and gas reservoir.
Considering the current fault closure evaluation technology, the method utilizes the horizons interpreted by drilling data and earthquakes, projects the lithology on the well onto the fracture surface according to the interpretation horizons, and characterizes the fault closure through the ratio relation of lithology and fracture distance. The drilling data usually have two-dimensional property and locality, so that the conventional fault sealing determination method can only perform simple two-dimensional data calculation and analysis, does not consider the influence of structural change and stratum fluctuation on sealing, and cannot well meet the accuracy and technical requirements of field exploration production practice. The prior evaluation technology has two defects when being implemented and a fault mud ratio method is implemented, firstly, the influence of structural factors on the sealing performance is not considered, and the structural amplitude change and the caused fault distance difference cannot be truly reflected; secondly, the influence on the closure evaluation result only relates to the shale content and the breaking distance of a certain well, the influence of lithology change is not considered, and aiming at the root cause of the technical problem, the influence of structural change on the accuracy and the closure of a geological model is considered, and the three-dimensional geological model is constructed and analyzed by utilizing the structural modeling technology under the small-layer constraint, so that the technical problems that only two-dimensional analysis can be carried out and the accuracy and the scientificity of determining the closure of the fractured rock are not high in the conventional fault closure determination method are solved, and the effect of determining the fault closure with higher accuracy is achieved.
As one embodiment of the present invention, interpreting seismic data for a target fault study region, determining fault and horizon information includes: and (3) interpreting the three-dimensional seismic data volume of the target fault research area to obtain the fault section spread data, the fault distance information and the horizon data of the faults.
As one embodiment of the present invention, grid dividing the section of the fault, analyzing the intersection line of the fault and the stratum under the construction constraint, and determining the stratum intersection relationship at two sides of the fault includes: dividing the cross section of the fault into grids, restraining according to the structural change trend, projecting the stratum to the cross section of the fault along the stratum change, and intersecting the stratum with the cross section to form a stratum and fault intersecting line; and determining the intersection relationship of the stratum at two sides of the fault according to the formed stratum and the fault intersection line.
As one embodiment of the present invention, projecting the logging data according to the construction constraint and the handover relation, determining the closure coefficient values of the plurality of grid points of the fault section includes: projecting logging data according to the construction constraint and the handover relation, loading the logging data into a plurality of grid points of a fracture surface of the fracture, and determining the clay content of each grid point of the fracture surface; determining the breaking distance value of each grid point of the section according to the breaking distance information of the section; and calculating the sealing coefficient value of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the clay content and the breaking distance value of each grid point of the fracture surface.
As one embodiment of the present invention, determining the closure of the fault from the closure coefficient values of the plurality of grid points of the fault section comprises: determining a threshold value of a closure coefficient of the fault study area according to geological data of the fault study area; and comparing the sealing coefficient value of a plurality of grid points of the fracture surface of the fault with a threshold value of the sealing coefficient of the fault study area, and determining the sealing of the fault according to the comparison result.
In this embodiment, comparing the closure coefficient values of the plurality of grid points of the fracture surface of the fault with the threshold value of the closure coefficient of the fault study area, determining the closure of the fault according to the comparison result includes: if the sealing coefficient value of a grid point is not greater than the threshold value of the sealing coefficient, sealing the grid point; otherwise, the grid point is not closed.
In this embodiment, the exploration and development of the fault hydrocarbon reservoir using the closure includes: and when the preset number of grid points of the fault section are closed, drilling the fault block trap under fault control.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a flowchart of a method for analyzing fault seal under construction constraint in one embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 2, where the method includes:
Step 101, explaining according to the seismic data of a target fault research area, and determining fault and horizon information; the fault information comprises fault distance, burial depth, section morphology, irregular section rotation, fault data and the like of a fault; the horizon information comprises horizon data, depth, layer spreading form and spreading rule.
102, modeling under construction constraint according to fault and horizon information constraint to obtain a high-precision fault and stratum model; the three-dimensional geological model constructed by the basic information of the fault and the stratum is used for well expressing the mutual relation of two objects, and well carrying out three-dimensional visual characterization and description on space inquiry, topological relation, geometric characteristics and attribute characteristics so as to be used for subsequent fault plugging evaluation. Furthermore, the fault, stratigraphic model, or geological basis of the subsequent steps herein is particularly useful in steps 103, 104, 105.
Step 103, meshing the section, analyzing intersection lines of the fault and stratum under construction constraint, and analyzing stratum intersection relations at two sides of the fault;
step 104, the logging data are projected according to the construction constraint and the handover relation, and a closure coefficient R is calculated through analysis;
Step 105, displaying a model closure coefficient R under the construction constraint through a section;
step 106, analyzing the R values of the closure coefficients at different butt joint relations, comparing the R values obtained by calculation with a closure R threshold value, and quantitatively determining the closures of different layers;
and step 107, guiding the exploration, development and deployment of the fault block oil and gas reservoir according to the sealing property of different layers.
In the embodiment of the invention, the section spread data, the fault distance information and the horizon data of the faults are considered, the logging data of the area where the faults are located are also considered, the lithology data body of the faults is obtained through the data, the juxtaposition relationship of the upper and lower trays of strata on two sides of the faults can be accurately obtained through a three-dimensional geological model under construction constraint, particularly the horizon fault cross-connection relationship under small-layer fine constraint, a variable geological evaluation model body which can more reflect the real geological condition is formed, the fault closure coefficient R of each grid point is quantitatively calculated by utilizing the lithology projection under gridding and construction constraint, the fault closure of the faults is determined according to the quantitative value of the fault closure coefficient R of a plurality of grid points of the faults, and the accuracy is high instead of qualitative estimation by relying on an empirical value.
In the implementation, the depth domain seismic data of the region where the mudstone smearing type fault is located can be input into seismic interpretation related software, such as Geoeast software, landmark software or geofame software, so as to obtain the section spread data, the section distance information and the horizon data of the fault.
In practice, fault and horizon information is determined by interpretation from seismic data of a target fault study area, one of which is given below.
In one embodiment, interpreting seismic data for a target fault study area to determine fault and horizon information includes:
and loading the seismic data body of the area where the target research area is positioned into interpretation software to obtain section spread data, interval information and horizon data of faults.
In the above embodiment, the three-dimensional seismic data of the area where the target research institute is located may be input into interpretation software, for example, geoeast software, landmark software or geofame software, which is, of course, understood that the above software is only an example, and other interpretation software may also be adopted, and all relevant variations shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In an embodiment, modeling under construction constraints is performed according to fault and horizon information constraints, and a high-precision fault and stratum model is obtained, including:
constructing a construction model according to horizon data of the region where the fault is located; and constructing a fault model according to the fault data of the region where the fault is located.
In the above embodiment, the zone horizon and fault data of the interpreted fault may be input into the modeling module system of the present invention, and of course, it is understood that the above software is only an example, and other modeling software, for example, petrel software or GPTmodel software, may be adopted to construct horizon and fault models, and related variations should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In one embodiment, the section is gridded, the intersection line of the fault and the stratum is analyzed under the construction constraint, and the stratum intersection relationship at two sides of the fault is analyzed;
and (3) carrying out constraint according to the structural change trend, projecting the stratum onto the fracture surface along the stratum change, and intersecting the fracture surface to form a stratum and fault intersecting line.
And analyzing the connection relation of stratum at two sides of the fault, such as sandstone-to-sandstone, mudstone-to-mudstone and the like, according to the formed stratum and fault connection line.
In the above embodiment, the built model system may be input into the intersection analysis system of the present invention, and of course, it is understood that the software described above is only an example, and other related software may also be adopted, and related variations should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the logging data is projected according to the construction constraints and the cross-connect relationship, and the method of calculating the closure coefficient R by analysis is various, one of which is given below.
In an embodiment of the present invention, there are various methods for determining the closure coefficient value R of a plurality of grid points of a fracture surface of a mudstone smear type fracture according to fracture distance information and logging data, and one of the embodiments is given below.
In an embodiment of the present invention, obtaining a value of a sealing coefficient of a plurality of grid points of a fracture surface of a fault according to fracture distance information and logging lithology information of the fault includes:
loading a logging lithology data body into a plurality of grid points of a fracture surface of the fracture, and determining the clay content of each grid point of the fracture surface;
determining the breaking distance value of each grid point of the section according to the breaking distance information of the section;
and calculating the closure coefficient R of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the clay content and the breaking distance value of each grid point of the fracture surface.
In one embodiment, the following formula is adopted, and the mudstone smear coefficient value of each grid point of the fracture surface is calculated according to the mudiness content and the breaking distance value of each grid point of the fracture surface:
Ri＝Vsh i /D i (1)
wherein the method comprises the steps ofRi is the mudstone smear coefficient value of the ith grid point of the section; d (D) i A break distance of the ith grid point of the section; vsh (Vsh) i Is the argillaceous content of the ith grid point of the section.
In specific implementation, according to the sealing coefficient R value of a plurality of grid points of a mudstone smearing type fault section, various methods for analyzing the sealing performance of the fault are provided, and one example is given below.
In an embodiment of the present invention, analyzing the R values of the closure coefficients at different docking relations, comparing the calculated R values with the closure threshold value R, quantitatively determining the closure of different horizons, including:
Determining a threshold value of a closure coefficient R of an area where the fault is located according to geological data of the area where the fault is located;
and comparing the sealing coefficient value R of a plurality of grid points of the fracture surface of the fault with a threshold value of the sealing coefficient of the area where the fault is located, and determining the sealing property of the fault according to the comparison result.
In specific implementation, according to geological data of a region where a fault is located, a plurality of methods for determining a closure coefficient threshold of the region where the fault is located are provided, and one embodiment is given below.
In one embodiment of the present invention, comparing a closure coefficient R of a plurality of grid points of a fracture with a threshold value of a closure coefficient R of an area where the fracture is located, determining the closure of the fracture includes:
for each grid point, if the value of the sealing coefficient R of the grid point is not greater than the threshold value of the sealing coefficient R, the grid point is sealed; otherwise, the grid point is not closed.
In specific implementation, the fault seal analysis method further comprises the following steps: and when the grid points of the set number of fracture surfaces of the faults are closed, determining to drill the fault block trap under the fault control.
Based on the above embodiments, the present invention proposes the following embodiment to explain the detailed flow of the fault seal analysis method, and fig. 3 is a detailed flow chart of the fault seal analysis method under the structural constraint proposed by the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, in one embodiment, the detailed flow of the fault seal analysis method includes:
Step 11, acquiring section spread data, interval information and horizon data of a mudstone smearing type fault according to the seismic data of the area where the fault is located;
step s12, modeling under construction constraint according to fault and horizon information constraint to obtain a high-precision fault and stratum model;
step S13, gridding the cross section, and projecting the horizon onto the cross section according to the construction trend under the construction constraint to form a cross section and horizon intersection line;
step S14, analyzing intersection lines of the fault and the stratum, and analyzing stratum intersection relations at two sides of the fault;
step S15, the logging data are projected to a plurality of grid points of the fracture surface according to the construction constraint and the cross connection relation, and the clay content of each grid point of the fracture surface is determined;
step S16, determining the breaking distance value of each grid point of the section according to the breaking distance information of the section;
step S17, calculating the sealing coefficient R of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the clay content and the breaking distance value of each grid point of the fracture surface;
step s18, displaying a model closure coefficient R under construction constraint through a section;
step s19, calculating a sealing coefficient R threshold value according to the known drilling data of the area;
and step s20, analyzing the closure coefficient R values at different butt joint relations, and comparing the calculated R values with a closure R threshold value.
Step s21, for each grid point, if the value of the sealing coefficient R of the grid point is not greater than the threshold value of the sealing coefficient R, the grid point is sealed; otherwise, the grid point is not closed; the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the
And step S22, guiding the exploration, development and deployment of the fault block hydrocarbon reservoir according to the sealing properties of different layers, and determining to drill the fault block trap under fault control.
Of course, it is understood that other variations of the detailed flow of the fault seal analysis method may be provided, and all the related variations should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the influence of structural change on the sealing performance is considered, the section spread data, the fault distance information and the horizon data of the faults are considered, the logging data of the area where the faults are located are also considered, the lithology data body of the faults is obtained through the data, the juxtaposition relationship of the upper and lower trays of lithology of the strata on two sides of the faults can be accurately obtained through a three-dimensional geological model under the fine structural constraint, particularly the horizon fault cross-connection relationship under the small-layer fine constraint, the geological evaluation model body which is changed and can more reflect the real geological condition is formed, the fault sealing coefficient R of each grid point is quantitatively calculated by utilizing the lithology projection under the meshing and structural constraint, the sealing performance of the faults is determined according to the quantitative value of the fault sealing coefficient R of a plurality of grid points of the faults, and the accuracy is high.
One example is given below, illustrating a specific application of the method proposed by the present invention.
Obtaining section spread data, break distance information and horizon data of a fault by using Geoeast software according to depth domain seismic data of an area where the fault is located, wherein W, E represents directions west and east; a and B represent the top and bottom surfaces, respectively, of the target interval.
And loading the horizon and fault data of the region where the fault is located into the modeling module to obtain a fine geological model under the constraint of the mud structure and the fault. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a fine structure model of an area where an interrupt layer is located according to an embodiment of the present invention.
And according to the constraint trend of the model structure, projecting the stratum onto the section, and extracting intersecting lines. FIG. 6 is a nomographic diagram of faults and strata, implemented as upper strata projection lines, with dashed lines as lower strata projection lines. According to the section spread data, the section of the fault is subjected to grid division to obtain a plurality of grid points of the section, lithology data bodies obtained by logging are loaded into the grid points of the section of the fault, and the clay content of each grid point of the section is determined; determining the breaking distance value of each grid point of the section according to the breaking distance information of the section; and calculating the closure coefficient value R of each grid point of the fracture surface by adopting a formula (1) according to the clay content and the breaking distance value of each grid point of the fracture surface. Fig. 7 is a graph showing a distribution of the values of the closure coefficient R of the cross section.
Calculating statistics according to the known drilling oil reservoir data of the area by adopting a formula (1), obtaining a sealing threshold value of the area as 22%, comparing sealing threshold values R of each grid point, and sealing the grid point if the sealing coefficient value R of the grid point is not more than the threshold value of 22%; otherwise, the grid point is not closed.
According to the invention, the influence of structural change on the accuracy and the closure of the geological model is considered, and the three-dimensional geological model construction and analysis are carried out by utilizing the structural modeling technology under the constraint of the small layers, so that the technical problems that only two-dimensional analysis can be carried out and the accuracy and the scientificity of determining the closure of the fault rock are low in the existing fault closure determination technology are solved, and the effect of determining the closure of the fault with higher accuracy is achieved.
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a fault seal analysis device under construction constraints according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the device includes:
the data interpretation module 10 is used for interpreting the seismic data of the target fault research area and determining fault and horizon information;
the modeling module 20 is configured to perform modeling under construction constraint according to the fault and horizon information, and determine a fault and stratum model;
the network dividing module 30 is used for carrying out grid division on the section of the fault, analyzing the intersection line of the fault and the stratum under the construction constraint, and determining the stratum intersection relationship at two sides of the fault;
A coefficient determining module 40, configured to determine a closure coefficient value of a plurality of grid points of the fault section by projecting the logging data according to the construction constraint and the handover relation;
the closure determination module 50 is configured to determine a closure of the fault according to closure coefficient values of a plurality of grid points of the fault section, and use the closure to explore and develop the fault block hydrocarbon reservoir.
As one embodiment of the present invention, the data interpretation module includes: the data interpretation unit is used for interpreting the three-dimensional seismic data volume of the target fault research area to obtain the fault section spread data, the fault distance information and the horizon data of the faults.
As one embodiment of the present invention, the network dividing module includes: the intersection line determining unit is used for carrying out grid division on the section of the fault, restraining according to the structural change trend, projecting the stratum to the section of the fault along the stratum change, and intersecting the stratum with the section to form a stratum and fault intersection line; and the intersection relation unit is used for determining the intersection relation of the strata at two sides of the fault according to the formed strata and the fault intersection line.
As one embodiment of the present invention, the coefficient determination module includes: the clay content determining unit is used for projecting the logging data according to the construction constraint and the handover relation, loading the logging data into a plurality of grid points of a fracture surface of the fracture, and determining clay content of each grid point of the fracture surface; the break distance value unit is used for determining the break distance value of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the break distance information of the fracture surface; and the coefficient determining unit is used for calculating the closure coefficient value of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the clay content and the breaking distance value of each grid point of the fracture surface.
As one embodiment of the present invention, the closure determination module includes: the threshold value determining unit is used for determining a threshold value of the closure coefficient of the fault research area according to geological data of the fault research area; and the closure determining unit is used for comparing the closure coefficient values of the grid points of the fracture surface of the fault with the threshold value of the closure coefficient of the fault study area and determining the closure of the fault according to the comparison result.
In the present embodiment, the closure determination unit includes: a judging subunit, configured to judge that a grid point is closed if the closure coefficient value of the grid point is not greater than the threshold value of the closure coefficient; otherwise, the grid point is not closed.
In this embodiment, the closure determination module further includes: and the drilling control unit is used for drilling the fault block trap under fault control when the preset number of grid points of the fault section are closed.
The fault closure analysis device under the construction constraint can realize the functions by the following modules, and specifically comprises:
the first data acquisition module is used for acquiring section spread data, break distance information and horizon data of the faults according to the depth domain seismic data of the area where the faults are located;
The modeling module is used for modeling under construction constraint according to fault and horizon information constraint to obtain a high-precision fault and stratum model;
the grid division module is used for dividing the cross section of the fault into grids according to the cross section spread data of the fault to obtain a plurality of grid points of the cross section;
and the intersection picking module is used for projecting the horizon onto the section according to the construction trend under the construction constraint to form the section and the horizon intersection, and picking up the horizon fault intersection.
The closure calculation module is used for obtaining closure coefficient values of a plurality of grid points of the fracture surface of the fault according to fracture distance information of the fault and lithology data obtained by logging;
and the analysis module is used for analyzing the closure of the fault according to the closure system values of the grid points of the fault section.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the modeling module is specifically configured to:
constructing a fine geologic structure model according to fault data of a region where the fault is located and horizon data of the fault;
in an embodiment of the present invention, the seal computing module is specifically configured to:
loading logging data into a plurality of grid points of a fracture surface of a mudstone smearing type fracture, and determining the mud content of each grid point of the fracture surface;
determining the breaking distance value of each grid point of the section according to the breaking distance information of the mudstone smearing type fault;
And calculating the mudstone smearing coefficient value of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the mudiness content and the breaking distance value of each grid point of the fracture surface.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the analysis module is specifically configured to:
determining a threshold value of a sealing coefficient of an area where the mudstone smearing type fault is located according to geological data of the area where the fault is located;
and comparing the sealing coefficient values of a plurality of grid points of the fracture surface of the fault with a threshold value of the sealing coefficient of the area where the fault is located, and determining the sealing of the fault according to the comparison result.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the analysis module is further specifically configured to:
obtaining mudstone smearing coefficient values corresponding to a plurality of acquisition points according to the breaking distance values of the acquisition points on the mudstone smearing breaking belt;
fitting the mudstone thickness values of a plurality of acquisition points on the mudstone smearing fracture zone and the mudstone smearing coefficient values corresponding to the acquisition points to obtain the quantization relation between the mudstone thickness values and the mudstone smearing coefficient values.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the analysis module is further configured to:
for each grid point, if the sealing coefficient value of the grid point is not greater than the threshold value of the sealing coefficient, the grid point is sealed; otherwise, the grid point is not closed.
And when the grid points of the set number of fracture surfaces of the faults are closed, determining to drill the fault block trap under the fault control.
In an embodiment of the invention, the well logging data comprises one or any combination of acoustic curves, density curves and gamma curves.
In the device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the influence of structural change on the sealing performance is considered, the section spread data, the interval information and the horizon data of the faults are considered, the logging data of the area where the faults are located are also considered, the lithology data body of the faults is obtained through the data, the juxtaposition relationship of the upper and lower lithology of the strata on two sides of the faults can be accurately obtained through a three-dimensional geological model under the fine structural constraint, particularly the horizon fault cross-connection relationship under the small-layer fine constraint, the geological evaluation model body which is changed and can more reflect the real geological condition is formed, the fault sealing coefficient R of each grid point is quantitatively calculated by utilizing the lithology projection under the meshing and structural constraint, the sealing performance of the faults is determined according to the quantitative value of the fault sealing coefficient R of a plurality of grid points of the faults, and the accuracy is high instead of qualitative estimation by relying on an empirical value.
Based on the same application conception as the fault closure analysis method under the structural constraint, the invention also provides a fault closure analysis device under the structural constraint. Because the principle of the fault seal analysis device under the construction constraint for solving the problem is similar to that of the fault seal analysis method under the construction constraint, the implementation of the fault seal analysis device under the construction constraint can be referred to the implementation of the fault seal analysis method under the construction constraint, and the repetition is omitted.
According to the invention, the influence of structural change on the accuracy and the closure of the geological model is considered, and the three-dimensional geological model construction and analysis are carried out by utilizing the structural modeling technology under the constraint of the small layers, so that the technical problems that only two-dimensional analysis can be carried out and the accuracy and the scientificity of determining the closure of the fault rock are low in the existing fault closure determination technology are solved, and the effect of determining the closure of the fault with higher accuracy is achieved.
The embodiment of the invention also provides computer equipment, which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor realizes the following steps when executing the computer program:
interpreting the seismic data of the target fault research area, and determining fault and horizon information;
modeling under construction constraint according to the fault and horizon information, and determining a fault and stratum model;
grid division is carried out on the section of the fault, the intersection line of the fault and stratum is analyzed under construction constraint, and the stratum intersection relationship on two sides of the fault is determined;
projecting logging data according to the construction constraint and the handover relation, and determining the closure coefficient values of a plurality of grid points of the fault section;
And determining the sealing property of the fault according to the sealing property coefficient values of a plurality of grid points of the fault section, and exploring and developing the fault block oil and gas reservoir by utilizing the sealing property.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which when executed by a processor performs the steps of:
interpreting the seismic data of the target fault research area, and determining fault and horizon information;
modeling under construction constraint according to the fault and horizon information, and determining a fault and stratum model;
grid division is carried out on the section of the fault, the intersection line of the fault and stratum is analyzed under construction constraint, and the stratum intersection relationship on two sides of the fault is determined;
projecting logging data according to the construction constraint and the handover relation, and determining the closure coefficient values of a plurality of grid points of the fault section;
and determining the sealing property of the fault according to the sealing property coefficient values of a plurality of grid points of the fault section, and exploring and developing the fault block oil and gas reservoir by utilizing the sealing property.
The invention also provides the computer equipment and the computer readable storage medium based on the same application conception as the fault closure analysis method under the construction constraint. Because the principle of the computer device and the computer readable storage medium for solving the problems is similar to that of the fault seal analysis method under the construction constraint, the implementation of the computer device and the computer readable storage medium can refer to the implementation of the fault seal analysis method under the construction constraint, and the repetition is not repeated.
According to the invention, the influence of structural change on the accuracy and the closure of the geological model is considered, and the three-dimensional geological model construction and analysis are carried out by utilizing the structural modeling technology under the constraint of the small layers, so that the technical problems that only two-dimensional analysis can be carried out and the accuracy and the scientificity of determining the closure of the fault rock are low in the existing fault closure determination technology are solved, and the effect of determining the closure of the fault with higher accuracy is achieved.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present invention; meanwhile, as those skilled in the art will have variations in the specific embodiments and application scope in accordance with the ideas of the present invention, the present description should not be construed as limiting the present invention in view of the above.
Claims (12)
1. A method of fault seal analysis under construction constraints, the method comprising:
interpreting the seismic data of the target fault research area, and determining fault and horizon information;
modeling under construction constraint according to the fault and horizon information, and determining a fault and stratum model;
grid division is carried out on the section of the fault, the intersection line of the fault and stratum is analyzed under construction constraint, and the stratum intersection relationship on two sides of the fault is determined;
projecting logging data according to the construction constraint and the handover relation, and determining the closure coefficient values of a plurality of grid points of the fault section;
determining the sealing property of a fault according to the sealing coefficient values of a plurality of grid points of the fault section, and exploring and developing a fault block oil-gas reservoir by utilizing the sealing property;
the method for determining the stratum cross connection relationship on two sides of the fault comprises the steps of:
dividing the cross section of the fault into grids, restraining according to the structural change trend, projecting the stratum to the cross section of the fault along the stratum change, and intersecting the stratum with the cross section to form a stratum and fault intersecting line;
determining the intersection relationship of stratum at two sides of the fault according to the formed stratum and fault intersection line;
Wherein the projecting the logging data according to the construction constraint and the handover relation, determining the closure coefficient values of the grid points of the fault section comprises:
projecting logging data according to the construction constraint and the handover relation, loading the logging data into a plurality of grid points of a fracture surface of the fracture, and determining the clay content of each grid point of the fracture surface;
determining the breaking distance value of each grid point of the section according to the breaking distance information of the section;
and calculating the sealing coefficient value of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the clay content and the breaking distance value of each grid point of the fracture surface.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein interpreting the seismic data of the target fault investigation region, determining fault and horizon information comprises: and (3) interpreting the three-dimensional seismic data volume of the target fault research area to obtain the fault section spread data, the fault distance information and the horizon data of the faults.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the closure of the fault from closure coefficient values of a plurality of grid points of the fault section comprises:
determining a threshold value of a closure coefficient of the fault study area according to geological data of the fault study area;
And comparing the sealing coefficient value of a plurality of grid points of the fracture surface of the fault with a threshold value of the sealing coefficient of the fault study area, and determining the sealing of the fault according to the comparison result.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein comparing the closure coefficient values of the plurality of grid points of the fracture of the fault with a threshold value of the closure coefficient of the fault study area, and determining the closure of the fault based on the comparison result comprises: if the sealing coefficient value of a grid point is not greater than the threshold value of the sealing coefficient, sealing the grid point; otherwise, the grid point is not closed.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the exploring a fault hydrocarbon reservoir using the closure comprises: and when the preset number of grid points of the fault section are closed, drilling the fault block trap under fault control.
6. A fault seal analysis device under construction constraints, the device comprising:
the data interpretation module is used for interpreting the seismic data of the target fault research area and determining fault and horizon information;
the modeling module is used for modeling under construction constraint according to the fault and horizon information and determining fault and stratum models;
The network dividing module is used for carrying out grid division on the section of the fault, analyzing the intersection line of the fault and the stratum under the construction constraint, and determining the stratum intersection relationship at two sides of the fault;
the coefficient determining module is used for projecting logging data according to the construction constraint and the handover relation and determining the closure coefficient values of a plurality of grid points of the fault section;
the sealing property determining module is used for determining the sealing property of the fault according to the sealing property coefficient values of a plurality of grid points of the fault section and utilizing the sealing property to explore and develop the fault block oil and gas reservoir;
wherein, the network division module includes:
the intersection line determining unit is used for carrying out grid division on the section of the fault, restraining according to the structural change trend, projecting the stratum to the section of the fault along the stratum change, and intersecting the stratum with the section to form a stratum and fault intersection line;
the intersection relation unit is used for determining intersection relation of stratum at two sides of the fault according to the formed stratum and fault intersection line;
wherein the coefficient determination module comprises:
the clay content determining unit is used for projecting the logging data according to the construction constraint and the handover relation, loading the logging data into a plurality of grid points of a fracture surface of the fracture, and determining clay content of each grid point of the fracture surface;
The break distance value unit is used for determining the break distance value of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the break distance information of the fracture surface;
and the coefficient determining unit is used for calculating the closure coefficient value of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the clay content and the breaking distance value of each grid point of the fracture surface.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the data interpretation module comprises: the data interpretation unit is used for interpreting the three-dimensional seismic data volume of the target fault research area to obtain the fault section spread data, the fault distance information and the horizon data of the faults.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the closure determination module comprises:
the threshold value determining unit is used for determining a threshold value of the closure coefficient of the fault research area according to geological data of the fault research area;
and the closure determining unit is used for comparing the closure coefficient values of the grid points of the fracture surface of the fault with the threshold value of the closure coefficient of the fault study area and determining the closure of the fault according to the comparison result.
9. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the closure determination unit comprises: a judging subunit, configured to judge that a grid point is closed if the closure coefficient value of the grid point is not greater than the threshold value of the closure coefficient; otherwise, the grid point is not closed.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the closure determination module further comprises: and the drilling control unit is used for drilling the fault block trap under fault control when the preset number of grid points of the fault section are closed.
11. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the following steps when executing the computer program:
interpreting the seismic data of the target fault research area, and determining fault and horizon information;
modeling under construction constraint according to the fault and horizon information, and determining a fault and stratum model;
grid division is carried out on the section of the fault, the intersection line of the fault and stratum is analyzed under construction constraint, and the stratum intersection relationship on two sides of the fault is determined;
projecting logging data according to the construction constraint and the handover relation, and determining the closure coefficient values of a plurality of grid points of the fault section;
determining the sealing property of a fault according to the sealing coefficient values of a plurality of grid points of the fault section, and exploring and developing a fault block oil-gas reservoir by utilizing the sealing property;
The method for determining the stratum cross connection relationship on two sides of the fault comprises the steps of:
dividing the cross section of the fault into grids, restraining according to the structural change trend, projecting the stratum to the cross section of the fault along the stratum change, and intersecting the stratum with the cross section to form a stratum and fault intersecting line;
determining the intersection relationship of stratum at two sides of the fault according to the formed stratum and fault intersection line;
wherein the projecting the logging data according to the construction constraint and the handover relation, determining the closure coefficient values of the grid points of the fault section comprises:
projecting logging data according to the construction constraint and the handover relation, loading the logging data into a plurality of grid points of a fracture surface of the fracture, and determining the clay content of each grid point of the fracture surface;
determining the breaking distance value of each grid point of the section according to the breaking distance information of the section;
and calculating the sealing coefficient value of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the clay content and the breaking distance value of each grid point of the fracture surface.
12. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that the computer program when executed by a processor realizes the steps of:
Interpreting the seismic data of the target fault research area, and determining fault and horizon information;
modeling under construction constraint according to the fault and horizon information, and determining a fault and stratum model;
grid division is carried out on the section of the fault, the intersection line of the fault and stratum is analyzed under construction constraint, and the stratum intersection relationship on two sides of the fault is determined;
projecting logging data according to the construction constraint and the handover relation, and determining the closure coefficient values of a plurality of grid points of the fault section;
determining the sealing property of a fault according to the sealing coefficient values of a plurality of grid points of the fault section, and exploring and developing a fault block oil-gas reservoir by utilizing the sealing property;
the method for determining the stratum cross connection relationship on two sides of the fault comprises the steps of:
dividing the cross section of the fault into grids, restraining according to the structural change trend, projecting the stratum to the cross section of the fault along the stratum change, and intersecting the stratum with the cross section to form a stratum and fault intersecting line;
determining the intersection relationship of stratum at two sides of the fault according to the formed stratum and fault intersection line;
wherein the projecting the logging data according to the construction constraint and the handover relation, determining the closure coefficient values of the grid points of the fault section comprises:
Projecting logging data according to the construction constraint and the handover relation, loading the logging data into a plurality of grid points of a fracture surface of the fracture, and determining the clay content of each grid point of the fracture surface;
determining the breaking distance value of each grid point of the section according to the breaking distance information of the section;
and calculating the sealing coefficient value of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the clay content and the breaking distance value of each grid point of the fracture surface.
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| CN108508484A (en) * | 2018-02-23 | 2018-09-07 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of evaluation method suitable for tension-shear fault mudstone creep effect |
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