CN110632658B - Lateral sealing analysis method and device for fault - Google Patents
Lateral sealing analysis method and device for fault Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a lateral sealing analysis method and a lateral sealing analysis device for a fault, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a shale content data volume of a fault according to fault data, stratum data and logging data of a target area; performing grid division on the cross section of the fault to obtain a plurality of grid points of the cross section; obtaining the fluid pressure of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the logging data; determining a lateral sealing factor of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the fluid pressure of each grid point of the fracture surface and the shale content data volume of the fracture surface; and analyzing the lateral sealing performance of the fault according to the lateral sealing factor of each grid point of the section. The invention can analyze the lateral sealing performance of the fault and has high accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploration and development, in particular to a fault lateral sealing analysis method and device.
Background
In the practice of exploration and development of the fault block oil and gas reservoir, fault sealing research is always a difficult problem which puzzles oil and gas geologists, and according to analysis, 80% of fault blocks are trapped, and fault sealing plays a main control factor. The fault sealing problem is a very complex geological problem and is influenced and controlled by a plurality of geological factors, wherein the mechanical properties of a section, the lithological configuration relationship of two fault trays, mudstone smearing of a fracture zone and the like are all important factors influencing the fault sealing.
The fault has double functions in the oil and gas reservoir, not only can be used as a transportation and conduction channel for vertical migration of oil and gas, but also can provide shielding conditions for the oil and gas reservoir. Qualitative analysis methods are mainly Allan and Knipe, which are often used to quickly determine the juxtaposition of upper and lower strata in a fault, and the juxtaposition of a reservoir with an impermeable stratum (with a high content of mudstone, such as shale and mudstone) may form fault lateral confinement hydrocarbons; the juxtaposition of reservoir sandstones with one another may create a leak-off window that facilitates the passage of hydrocarbons through the fracture. The fault mud ratio SGR can be used for quantitatively analyzing fault closure, quantitative analysis of fault closure and fine description of related parameters are gradually increased, a Knipe graphical method quantitative analysis method based on a butt joint closure principle is adopted, and a method for researching a distribution rule of mudstone smearing and influencing factors through a physical simulation experiment appears successively; the study on the fault drilling core also shows that the microstructure of the fault and the physical properties of the fault rock are known; the effectiveness research of mudstone smearing and the research of distribution of mudstone smearing by using the seismic slicing technology also promote the evaluation of fault sealing; since then, foreign scholars have mostly studied the features of the fault itself, and few quantitative analysis methods for fault closure are available. The influence of fault mud on fault closure is explained by studying the smearing condition of new Mexico Rio Grande fault mud by scholars. In the method, the value of SGR is in direct proportion to the accumulated thickness of a mud rock layer in a faulted stratum and in inverse proportion to the fault distance, various geological factors are comprehensively considered, and the method is a main method for quantitatively evaluating the fault closure at home and abroad at present.
The fault closure analysis comprises fault transverse closure analysis and fault lateral closure analysis, and in the method, the method utilizing SGR analysis can be used for analyzing the lateral closure of the fault, but SGR only considers the fault thickness and fault distance change, and the analysis result is inaccurate.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a fault lateral sealing analysis method, which is used for analyzing the lateral sealing of a fault and has high accuracy and comprises the following steps:
acquiring a shale content data volume of a fault according to fault data, stratum data and logging data of a target area;
performing grid division on the cross section of the fault to obtain a plurality of grid points of the cross section;
obtaining the fluid pressure of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the logging data; the effect of fluid pressure in the reservoir on fault closure is opposite, and the action trend of breaking through the fracture surface is achieved;
determining a lateral sealing factor of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the fluid pressure of each grid point of the fracture surface and the shale content data volume of the fracture surface;
analyzing the lateral sealing performance of the fault according to the lateral sealing factor of each grid point of the section;
determining a lateral confinement factor for each grid point of the fracture from the fluid pressure at each grid point of the fracture and the shale content data volume of the fracture, comprising: identifying the shale content of each grid point of the fracture surface from the shale content data body of the fracture surface; according to the logging information, obtaining the average density of the overlying strata of the stratum where the fault is located and the density of water; determining the buried depth, the stratum thickness, the stratum inclination angle and the fault distance of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the fault data and the stratum data of the target area; determining a lateral sealing factor of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the average density of overlying strata and the density of water of the stratum where the fault is located, the shale content, the burial depth, the stratum thickness, the stratum inclination angle, the fault distance and the fluid pressure of each grid point;
determining the lateral sealing factor of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the average density of overlying strata of the stratum where the fault is located, the density of water, the shale content, the burial depth, the thickness of the stratum, the dip angle of the stratum, the fault distance of the fault and the fluid pressure of each grid point by adopting the following formula:
wherein K is the lateral sealing factor of each grid point; h is the buried depth of each grid point; beta is the formation dip angle of each grid point; pLA fluid pressure for each grid point; vshThe mud content of each grid point;Δ Z is the formation thickness at each grid point; d is the fault distance of the fault of each grid point; rhorThe average density of overlying strata of the stratum where the fault is located; rhowIs the density of water in the formation where the fault is located; g is the acceleration of gravity.
The embodiment of the invention provides a lateral sealing property analysis device of a fault, which is used for analyzing the lateral sealing property of the fault and has high accuracy, and the device comprises:
the shale content data volume obtaining module is used for obtaining a shale content data volume of a fault according to fault data, stratum data and logging data of a target area;
the meshing module is used for meshing the cross section of the fault to obtain a plurality of grid points of the cross section;
the fluid pressure obtaining module is used for obtaining the fluid pressure of each grid point of the section according to the logging data; the effect of fluid pressure in the reservoir on fault closure is opposite, and the action trend of breaking through the fracture surface is achieved;
the lateral sealing factor determining module is used for determining the lateral sealing factor of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the fluid pressure of each grid point of the fracture surface and the shale content data body of the fracture surface;
the analysis module is used for analyzing the lateral sealing performance of the fault according to the lateral sealing factor of each grid point of the section;
the lateral sealing factor determination module is specifically configured to: determining a lateral confinement factor for each grid point of the fracture from the fluid pressure at each grid point of the fracture and the shale content data volume of the fracture, comprising: identifying the shale content of each grid point of the fracture surface from the shale content data body of the fracture surface; according to the logging information, obtaining the average density of the overlying strata of the stratum where the fault is located and the density of water; determining the buried depth, the stratum thickness, the stratum inclination angle and the fault distance of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the fault data and the stratum data of the target area; determining a lateral sealing factor of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the average density of overlying strata and the density of water of the stratum where the fault is located, the shale content, the burial depth, the stratum thickness, the stratum inclination angle, the fault distance and the fluid pressure of each grid point;
determining the lateral sealing factor of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the average density of overlying strata of the stratum where the fault is located, the density of water, the shale content, the burial depth, the thickness of the stratum, the dip angle of the stratum, the fault distance of the fault and the fluid pressure of each grid point by adopting the following formula:
wherein K is the lateral sealing factor of each grid point; h is the buried depth of each grid point; beta is the formation dip angle of each grid point; pLA fluid pressure for each grid point; vshThe mud content of each grid point; Δ Z is the formation thickness at each grid point; d is the fault distance of the fault of each grid point; rhorThe average density of overlying strata of the stratum where the fault is located; rhowIs the density of water in the formation where the fault is located; g is the acceleration of gravity.
The embodiment of the invention also provides computer equipment which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to realize the lateral sealing analysis method of the fault.
Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for executing the above-mentioned method for analyzing lateral sealing of a fault.
In the embodiment of the invention, a shale content data volume of a fault is obtained according to fault data, stratum data and logging data of a target area; performing grid division on the cross section of the fault to obtain a plurality of grid points of the cross section; obtaining the fluid pressure of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the logging data; determining a lateral sealing factor of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the fluid pressure of each grid point of the fracture surface and the shale content data volume of the fracture surface; and analyzing the lateral sealing performance of the fault according to the lateral sealing factor of each grid point of the section. In the process, the cross section of the fault is subjected to meshing, so that the lateral sealing performance of the fault can be analyzed, the shale content data body and the fluid pressure of each grid point are considered during analysis, and the accuracy of an analysis result is high.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for lateral seal analysis of a fault in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the positive pressure applied to each grid point in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a detailed flowchart of a lateral seal analysis method for a fault according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a fault geological model in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional slope of a grid point in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the lateral sealing factor at each grid point in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a fault block trap effective boundary of a fault in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a lateral seal analysis apparatus for a fault in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
In the description of the present specification, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are used in an open-ended fashion, i.e., to mean including, but not limited to. Reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "a particular embodiment," "some embodiments," "for example," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. The sequence of steps involved in the embodiments is for illustrative purposes to illustrate the implementation of the present application, and the sequence of steps is not limited and can be adjusted as needed.
In the prior art, the method of utilizing SGR analysis can be used for analyzing the lateral sealing performance of a fault, but SGR only considers mudstone smearing and fault distance change, but does not consider the influence of fluid pressure of the cross section, and the fluid pressure of the cross section happens to be a non-negligible important factor causing the compactness of the cross section and the sealing capacity formed after healing. On the other hand, the conventional SGR calculation has two-dimensional limitation, and the closure of a three-dimensional space of a section cannot be quantitatively reflected. The calculated result is easy to deviate and mislead, so that exploration loss is caused due to incomplete analysis of the closure of the broken block.
Aiming at the situation, the invention is based on the fault sealing theory, comprehensively considers the influence of the positive pressure of the fault and the fluid pressure, and forms a set of method for quantitatively analyzing the lateral sealing of the three-dimensional space of the fault, which has important significance for accurately evaluating the fault sealing oil gas capability, reducing the risk of drilling oil gas in a ring fracture and improving the exploration deployment and decision-making success rate.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a lateral seal analysis method of a fault in an embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1, the method including:
102, performing grid division on a cross section of a fault to obtain a plurality of grid points of the cross section;
103, acquiring the fluid pressure of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the logging data;
104, determining a lateral sealing factor of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the fluid pressure of each grid point of the fracture surface and the shale content data volume of the fracture surface;
and step 105, analyzing the lateral sealing performance of the fault according to the lateral sealing factor of each grid point of the section.
In the embodiment of the invention, a shale content data volume of a fault is obtained according to fault data, stratum data and logging data of a target area; performing grid division on the cross section of the fault to obtain a plurality of grid points of the cross section; obtaining the fluid pressure of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the logging data; determining a lateral sealing factor of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the fluid pressure of each grid point of the fracture surface and the shale content data volume of the fracture surface; and analyzing the lateral sealing performance of the fault according to the lateral sealing factor of each grid point of the section. In the process, the cross section of the fault is subjected to meshing, so that the lateral sealing performance of the fault can be analyzed, the shale content data body and the fluid pressure of each grid point are considered during analysis, and the accuracy of an analysis result is high.
In step 101, fault data comprises data of fault distance, dip angle, fault property and the like; the formation data includes formation thickness, formation dip, etc. The shale content data volume of the fault is a set of data containing shale content, more accurate shale content can be represented, in step 102, the cross section of the fault is subjected to grid division to obtain a plurality of grid points, the closure of each grid point can be analyzed subsequently, and the more grids are divided, the more accurate the analysis result is. In step 103, the fluid pressure at each grid point is considered in the embodiment of the present invention, so the analysis result of the lateral sealing of the fault is more accurate, and in step 104, the lateral sealing factor at each grid point is calculated, and the lateral sealing factor is a specific value, so in step 105, the accuracy of the analysis result using the specific data is high.
In an embodiment, the method for analyzing lateral seal of fault further comprises:
and acquiring fault data and stratum data of the target area according to the post-stack seismic data of the target area.
In the above embodiment, the post-stack seismic data of the target region may be loaded into interpretation software Landmark or Geoeast to obtain fault data and formation data of the target region. Most of the existing methods for determining the sealing property use drilling information, and the drilling position is required to be close to a target fault. Because the well drilling data generally has two-dimension, when the existing method for determining the sealing performance is used for analyzing and processing the well drilling data, only simple two-dimension data calculation and analysis can be performed frequently, and the sealing performance of the fault cannot be analyzed in three-dimension. In contrast, the analysis process is limited in scope and does not meet the actual drilling needs well. Whereas the post-stack seismic data used in embodiments of the present invention is three-dimensional seismic data. Therefore, by the fault closure determination method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the fault can be subjected to spatial three-dimensional analysis by using the stacked seismic data and the logging data.
In one embodiment, the well log data includes one or any combination of a sonic curve, a shale content curve, a gamma curve, and a density curve.
In practice, there are several methods for obtaining a shale content data volume of a fault based on fault data, formation data and well log data of a target region, and one example is given below.
In one embodiment, obtaining a shale content data volume of a fault from fault data, formation data and well log data of a target region comprises:
constructing a lithology attribute model of the fault according to fault data, stratum data and logging data of the target area;
in the above embodiment, the construction of the lithologic property model of the fault may be implemented by using attribute modeling software such as Petrel software or GPTmodel software, and the shale content curve of the target region is loaded into the lithologic property model of the fault to obtain the shale content data volume of the fault. By constructing the lithology attribute model of the fault, the obtained result of the shale content data volume of the fault is more accurate.
In specific implementation, there are various methods for meshing the cross section of the fault, and one of the following embodiments is provided.
In one embodiment, meshing a cross-section of a fault includes:
acquiring space section spreading data and burial depth of a fault according to the post-stack seismic data of the target area;
and carrying out grid division on the cross section of the fault according to the spatial cross section distribution data and the burial depth of the fault.
In the above embodiment, the time and depth conversion is performed on the post-stack seismic data of the target area, so that the burial depth is obtained. After obtaining a plurality of grids of the section, the dip angle and the fault distance of each grid point can be determined.
In particular, there are several methods for determining the lateral confinement factor of each grid point of a fracture from the fluid pressure at each grid point of the fracture and the shale content data volume of the fracture, one of which is given below.
In one embodiment, determining a lateral seal factor for each grid point of the fracture from the fluid pressure at each grid point of the fracture and the shale content data volume of the fracture comprises:
identifying the shale content of each grid point of the fracture surface from the shale content data body of the fracture surface;
according to the logging information, obtaining the average density of the overlying strata of the stratum where the fault is located and the density of water;
determining the buried depth, the stratum thickness, the stratum inclination angle and the fault distance of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the fault data and the stratum data of the target area;
and determining the lateral sealing factor of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the average density of the overlying stratum of the stratum where the fault is located and the density of water, the shale content, the burial depth, the stratum thickness, the stratum inclination angle, the fault distance and the fluid pressure of each grid point.
In one embodiment, the lateral seal factor of each grid point of the fracture is determined from the average density of overburden and water of the formation in which the fault is located, the shale content, the burial depth, the thickness of the formation, the dip angle of the formation, the fault standoff of the fault, and the fluid pressure at each grid point using the following formula:
wherein K is the lateral sealing factor of each grid point;
h is the buried depth of each grid point; beta is the formation dip angle of each grid point; pLA fluid pressure for each grid point; vshThe mud content of each grid point; Δ Z is the formation thickness at each grid point; d is the fault distance of the fault of each grid point;
ρrthe average density of overlying strata of the stratum where the fault is located; rhowIs the density of water in the formation where the fault is located;
g is the acceleration of gravity.
In the above embodiment, the average density of the overburden may be obtained from well log data of wells near the fault; in the examples of the present invention, the density of water was 1.01g/cm3The cosine of the stratigraphic dip angle beta is the ratio of the corresponding horizontal fault distance of the fault to the sliding fault distance, and is obtained by reading and calculating the seismic section; the value of the gravitational acceleration g is 0.98m/s2。
In order to determine the lateral sealing factor of each grid point of the fracture, firstly, analyzing the positive pressure applied to each grid point of the fracture, and calculating the positive pressure applied to each grid point of the fracture by adopting a formula (2):
PN＝H·(ρr-ρw)·g·cosβ (2)
the effect of fluid pressure in the reservoir on fault closure is opposite, and the effect tends to break through the fault, the positive pressure of the fault promotes the fault closure, and the fault closure is positively correlated, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the positive pressure applied to each grid point in the embodiment of the present invention, therefore, the final acting force of each grid point of the fault determined in the embodiment of the present invention is the difference between the positive pressure of the fault and the fluid pressure of the reservoir, and the calculation mode is performed according to the following formula:
P＝PN-PL (3)
wherein P is the final force of each grid point of the cross section.
According to the definition of the fault mudstone ratio, the formula of the fault mudstone ratio of each grid point is as follows:
and the lateral confinement factor of each grid point of the fracture surface is the product of the ratio of the fracture mud of each grid point and the final acting force of each grid point of the fracture surface, so that the lateral confinement factor of each grid point of the fracture surface represented by the formula (1) can be obtained according to the formula (2) to the formula (3).
In practice, there are various methods for analyzing the lateral seal of a fault according to the lateral seal factor of each grid point of the fracture surface, and one example is given below.
In one embodiment, analyzing the lateral seal of a fault based on the lateral seal factor at each grid point of the fault plane comprises:
determining a lateral sealing factor threshold value of a target area according to the drilling data of the current area;
for each grid point, if the lateral sealing factor of the grid point is larger than the lateral sealing factor threshold value, the grid point is sealed; otherwise, the grid point is not closed.
In the above embodiment, the lateral seal factor threshold may be a comparison criterion for establishing the lateral seal factor of each point of the fracture and the fault seal based on the seal condition (drilling data) of the drilled block. Here, the fault block trap refers to a trap formed under fault control. Accordingly, the trap of the drilled fault block is the trap drilled, and the closure of the corresponding fault can be determined according to the drilling condition. For example, if the exploratory well in the fault block is a water well, on the premise that other reservoir forming conditions are excluded and the oil and gas reservoir is not influenced, the fault can be judged to have no sealing property, namely the sealing property is not good, and then the pressure range corresponding to the situation is determined to be used for indicating grid points with poor sealing property. If the exploratory well is an oil well, the corresponding fault is indicated to have the sealing performance, namely the sealing performance is good, and then the pressure range corresponding to the situation can be determined to be used for indicating the grid point with the good sealing performance. In an embodiment of the present invention, based on well data, it can be found that: the area with the lateral sealing factor value more than or equal to 90 has good sealing performance, and the area with the lateral sealing factor value less than 90 has poor sealing performance; in turn, 90 may be determined as a lateral sealing factor threshold for determining the sealing of other mesh points. For example, for other grid points, if the pressure of the grid point is greater than or equal to 90, it is determined that the grid point has good sealing performance and meets the sealing requirement; and if the pressure of the grid point is less than 9, determining that the grid point is not well sealed and does not meet the sealing requirement.
In specific implementation, the method further comprises:
and determining whether to drill the fault block trap of the fault of the target area or not according to the lateral sealing analysis result of the fault. Drilling can be performed when the fault is laterally closed, otherwise, drilling cannot be performed.
Based on the above embodiment, the present invention provides the following embodiment to describe a detailed flow of a lateral seal analysis method for a fault, fig. 3 is a detailed flow chart of the lateral seal analysis method for a fault according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, in an embodiment, the detailed flow of the lateral seal analysis method for a fault includes:
301, acquiring fault data and stratum data of a target area according to the post-stack seismic data of the target area;
304, acquiring spatial section spread data and burial depth of a fault according to the post-stack seismic data of the target area;
305, performing meshing division on the cross section of the fault according to the spatial cross section spread data and the burial depth of the fault to obtain a plurality of grid points of the cross section;
308, acquiring the average density of the overlying strata of the stratum where the fault is located and the density of water according to the logging information;
311, determining a lateral sealing factor threshold of the target area according to the drilling data of the current area;
Of course, it is understood that there may be other variations to the detailed flow of the method for analyzing lateral sealing of a fault, and the related variations are all within the scope of the present invention.
The following provides a specific example illustrating a specific application of the method of the present invention.
And loading the post-stack seismic data of the target area into interpretation software Geoaast, and acquiring and determining stratum data and fault data of the target area by combining the seismic data on the basis. And establishing a fault geological model according to the stratum data and the fault data of the target area, wherein FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the fault geological model in the embodiment of the invention.
And loading the stacked seismic data and the logging data into attribute modeling software Petrel, wherein the logging data comprise an acoustic curve, a shale content, a density curve and a gamma curve, and performing attribute modeling in the attribute modeling software by combining the logging data and the horizon data to obtain a shale content data volume of the fault.
Acquiring space section spreading data and burial depth of a fault according to the post-stack seismic data of the target area; and according to the space section distribution data and the burial depth of the fault, carrying out grid division on the section of the fault to obtain a plurality of grid points of the section, and then acquiring the formation dip angle and the fault distance of each grid point. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the inclination angle of the cross section of the grid point in the embodiment of the present invention, where M, N two points are two arbitrary points on the cross section, β1、β2The dip angle of the two points is obviously different from each other.
Identifying the shale content of each grid point of the fracture surface from the shale content data body of the fracture surface; according to the logging information, obtaining the average density of the overlying strata of the stratum where the fault is located and the density of water; and (3) determining the lateral sealing factor of each grid point of the fracture surface by adopting a formula (1) according to the average density of the overlying stratum and the density of water of the stratum where the fault is located, the shale content, the burial depth, the stratum thickness, the stratum inclination angle, the fault pitch and the fluid pressure of each grid point. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the lateral sealing factor of each grid point in an embodiment of the present invention.
According to the drilling data, there are 19 drilled broken block traps. Wherein, 11 fault block trap target layers contain oil layers, which shows that the lateral sealing performance of the fault for controlling the target layer to be hidden is good. It should be noted that the determination is based on the study of the oil and gas reservoir conditions, because the target zone produces oil, the lateral sealing of the fault is necessarily good, and thus the lateral sealing can be a sufficient condition for the target zone to produce oil. 8 are quench traps, the target layer is a water layer, and the lateral sealing performance of the fault is poor. Then calculating the lateral sealing factors of the 11 fault block trap target layer sections, and finding that the lateral sealing factors of the oil-containing target layer sections are all over 90 percent; while the lateral blocking factor of the layers of interest is below 90. I.e., the lateral sealing factor threshold can be determined to be 90 in this embodiment. For each grid point, if the lateral sealing factor of the grid point is larger than the lateral sealing factor threshold value, the grid point is sealed; otherwise, the grid point is not closed. Table 1 shows the results of the lateral seal analysis of the fault in the example of the present invention.
TABLE 1 lateral seal analysis of faults in the examples of the invention
On the basis of calculating the lateral closure of the fault, the effective closure boundary of the fault block of the fault can be checked, fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the effective closure boundary of the fault block of the fault in the embodiment of the invention, and the value of the lateral closure factor of the fault constructing the point P on the overflow boundary is greater than 90, which indicates that the point in the trap has good closure and is likely to produce oil, so that the isoline of the point P is the area of the trap. However, in practical applications, the oil-containing boundary of trap cannot be quantitatively determined accurately in the range of the point P. At this time, in combination with the lateral sealing factor, it can be found that there is a point F on the cross section where the lateral sealing factor is less than 90, indicating that the sealing performance of the point in the trap is not good and oil gas may leak out. Therefore, the area of the isoline where the point F is located is the effective boundary of the trap, and then the effective area graph of the trap is obtained, so that risks are avoided, and reliable guidance is provided for exploration deployment and well drilling.
According to the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, a shale content data volume of a fault is obtained according to fault data, stratum data and logging data of a target area; performing grid division on the cross section of the fault to obtain a plurality of grid points of the cross section; obtaining the fluid pressure of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the logging data; determining a lateral sealing factor of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the fluid pressure of each grid point of the fracture surface and the shale content data volume of the fracture surface; and analyzing the lateral sealing performance of the fault according to the lateral sealing factor of each grid point of the section. In the process, the cross section of the fault is subjected to meshing, so that the lateral sealing performance of the fault can be analyzed, the shale content data body and the fluid pressure of each grid point are considered during analysis, and the accuracy of an analysis result is high.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides a lateral sealing analysis device for the fault, and the lateral sealing analysis device is described in the following embodiment. Since the principle of these solutions is similar to the lateral sealing analysis method of fault, the implementation of the device can be referred to the implementation of the method, and the repeated parts are not described in detail.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a lateral seal analysis apparatus for a fault in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 8, the apparatus including:
a shale content data volume obtaining module 801, configured to obtain a shale content data volume of a fault according to fault data, formation data, and logging data of a target region;
a meshing module 802, configured to perform meshing on a cross section of a fault to obtain a plurality of mesh points of the cross section;
a fluid pressure obtaining module 803, configured to obtain a fluid pressure at each grid point of the fracture surface according to the logging data;
a lateral sealing factor determination module 804, configured to determine a lateral sealing factor of each grid point of the fracture according to the fluid pressure of each grid point of the fracture and the shale content data volume of the fracture;
an analysis module 805 is configured to analyze lateral seal of the fault according to the lateral seal factor of each grid point of the fracture.
In an embodiment, the lateral seal analysis apparatus for a fault further includes a data obtaining module 806 for:
and acquiring fault data and stratum data of the target area according to the post-stack seismic data of the target area.
In one embodiment, the well log data includes one or any combination of a sonic curve, a shale content curve, a gamma curve, and a density curve.
In an embodiment, the argillaceous content data volume obtaining module 801 is specifically configured to:
constructing a lithology attribute model of the fault according to fault data, stratum data and logging data of the target area;
and loading the shale content curve of the target area into a lithology attribute model of the fault to obtain a shale content data volume of the fault.
In an embodiment, the meshing module 802 is specifically configured to:
acquiring space section spreading data and burial depth of a fault according to the post-stack seismic data of the target area;
and carrying out grid division on the cross section of the fault according to the spatial cross section distribution data and the burial depth of the fault.
In an embodiment, the lateral sealing factor determination module 804 is specifically configured to:
identifying the shale content of each grid point of the fracture surface from the shale content data body of the fracture surface;
according to the logging information, obtaining the average density of the overlying strata of the stratum where the fault is located and the density of water;
determining the buried depth, the stratum thickness, the stratum inclination angle and the fault distance of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the fault data and the stratum data of the target area;
and determining the lateral sealing factor of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the average density of the overlying stratum of the stratum where the fault is located and the density of water, the shale content, the burial depth, the stratum thickness, the stratum inclination angle, the fault distance and the fluid pressure of each grid point.
In an embodiment, the analysis module 805 is specifically configured to:
determining a lateral sealing factor threshold value of a target area according to the drilling data of the current area;
for each grid point, if the lateral sealing factor of the grid point is larger than the lateral sealing factor threshold value, the grid point is sealed; otherwise, the grid point is not closed.
In the device provided by the embodiment of the invention, a shale content data volume of a fault is obtained according to fault data, stratum data and logging data of a target area; performing grid division on the cross section of the fault to obtain a plurality of grid points of the cross section; obtaining the fluid pressure of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the logging data; determining a lateral sealing factor of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the fluid pressure of each grid point of the fracture surface and the shale content data volume of the fracture surface; and analyzing the lateral sealing performance of the fault according to the lateral sealing factor of each grid point of the section. In the process, the cross section of the fault is subjected to meshing, so that the lateral sealing performance of the fault can be analyzed, the shale content data body and the fluid pressure of each grid point are considered during analysis, and the accuracy of an analysis result is high.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of lateral seal analysis of a fault, comprising:
acquiring a shale content data volume of a fault according to fault data, stratum data and logging data of a target area;
performing grid division on the cross section of the fault to obtain a plurality of grid points of the cross section;
obtaining the fluid pressure of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the logging data; the effect of fluid pressure in the reservoir on fault closure is opposite, and the action trend of breaking through the fracture surface is achieved;
determining a lateral sealing factor of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the fluid pressure of each grid point of the fracture surface and the shale content data volume of the fracture surface;
analyzing the lateral sealing performance of the fault according to the lateral sealing factor of each grid point of the section;
determining a lateral confinement factor for each grid point of the fracture from the fluid pressure at each grid point of the fracture and the shale content data volume of the fracture, comprising: identifying the shale content of each grid point of the fracture surface from the shale content data body of the fracture surface; according to the logging information, obtaining the average density of the overlying strata of the stratum where the fault is located and the density of water; determining the buried depth, the stratum thickness, the stratum inclination angle and the fault distance of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the fault data and the stratum data of the target area; determining a lateral sealing factor of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the average density of overlying strata and the density of water of the stratum where the fault is located, the shale content, the burial depth, the stratum thickness, the stratum inclination angle, the fault distance and the fluid pressure of each grid point;
determining the lateral sealing factor of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the average density of overlying strata of the stratum where the fault is located, the density of water, the shale content, the burial depth, the thickness of the stratum, the dip angle of the stratum, the fault distance of the fault and the fluid pressure of each grid point by adopting the following formula:
wherein K is the lateral sealing factor of each grid point; h is the buried depth of each grid point; beta is the formation dip angle of each grid point; pLA fluid pressure for each grid point; vshThe mud content of each grid point; Δ Z is the formation thickness at each grid point; d is the fault distance of the fault of each grid point; rhorThe average density of overlying strata of the stratum where the fault is located; rhowIs the density of water in the formation where the fault is located; g is the acceleration of gravity.
2. The method of lateral seal analysis of a fault of claim 1, further comprising:
and acquiring fault data and stratum data of the target area according to the post-stack seismic data of the target area.
3. A method of lateral seal analysis of a fault as claimed in claim 1 wherein said log data includes one or any combination of sonic, shale, gamma and density curves.
4. A method of lateral seal analysis of a fault as claimed in claim 3 wherein obtaining a shale content data volume for the fault from fault data, formation data and log data for the target zone comprises:
constructing a lithology attribute model of the fault according to fault data, stratum data and logging data of the target area;
and loading the shale content curve of the target area into a lithology attribute model of the fault to obtain a shale content data volume of the fault.
5. A method of lateral seal analysis of a fault as claimed in claim 1 wherein meshing the fault sections comprises:
acquiring space section spreading data and burial depth of a fault according to the post-stack seismic data of the target area;
and carrying out grid division on the cross section of the fault according to the spatial cross section distribution data and the burial depth of the fault.
6. A method of analyzing lateral seal of a fault as claimed in claim 1 wherein analyzing the lateral seal of the fault based on the lateral seal factor at each grid point of the fault plane comprises:
determining a lateral sealing factor threshold value of a target area according to the drilling data of the current area;
for each grid point, if the lateral sealing factor of the grid point is larger than the lateral sealing factor threshold value, the grid point is sealed; otherwise, the grid point is not closed.
7. A lateral seal analysis apparatus for a fault, comprising:
the shale content data volume obtaining module is used for obtaining a shale content data volume of a fault according to fault data, stratum data and logging data of a target area;
the meshing module is used for meshing the cross section of the fault to obtain a plurality of grid points of the cross section;
the fluid pressure obtaining module is used for obtaining the fluid pressure of each grid point of the section according to the logging data; the effect of fluid pressure in the reservoir on fault closure is opposite, and the action trend of breaking through the fracture surface is achieved;
the lateral sealing factor determining module is used for determining the lateral sealing factor of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the fluid pressure of each grid point of the fracture surface and the shale content data body of the fracture surface;
the analysis module is used for analyzing the lateral sealing performance of the fault according to the lateral sealing factor of each grid point of the section;
the lateral sealing factor determination module is specifically configured to: determining a lateral confinement factor for each grid point of the fracture from the fluid pressure at each grid point of the fracture and the shale content data volume of the fracture, comprising: identifying the shale content of each grid point of the fracture surface from the shale content data body of the fracture surface; according to the logging information, obtaining the average density of the overlying strata of the stratum where the fault is located and the density of water; determining the buried depth, the stratum thickness, the stratum inclination angle and the fault distance of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the fault data and the stratum data of the target area; determining a lateral sealing factor of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the average density of overlying strata and the density of water of the stratum where the fault is located, the shale content, the burial depth, the stratum thickness, the stratum inclination angle, the fault distance and the fluid pressure of each grid point;
determining the lateral sealing factor of each grid point of the fracture surface according to the average density of overlying strata of the stratum where the fault is located, the density of water, the shale content, the burial depth, the thickness of the stratum, the dip angle of the stratum, the fault distance of the fault and the fluid pressure of each grid point by adopting the following formula:
wherein K is eachA lateral sealing factor of the grid points; h is the buried depth of each grid point; beta is the formation dip angle of each grid point; pLA fluid pressure for each grid point; vshThe mud content of each grid point; Δ Z is the formation thickness at each grid point; d is the fault distance of the fault of each grid point; rhorThe average density of overlying strata of the stratum where the fault is located; rhowIs the density of water in the formation where the fault is located; g is the acceleration of gravity.
8. A lateral seal analysis apparatus for faults as claimed in claim 7 further comprising a data acquisition module for:
and acquiring fault data and stratum data of the target area according to the post-stack seismic data of the target area.
9. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the method of any of claims 1 to 6 when executing the computer program.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program for executing the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
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