CN113029495B - High Mach shock tube experimental apparatus based on arc discharge driving - Google Patents
High Mach shock tube experimental apparatus based on arc discharge driving Download PDFInfo
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- CN113029495B CN113029495B CN202110598890.0A CN202110598890A CN113029495B CN 113029495 B CN113029495 B CN 113029495B CN 202110598890 A CN202110598890 A CN 202110598890A CN 113029495 B CN113029495 B CN 113029495B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/06—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics
- G09B23/08—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for statics or dynamics
- G09B23/12—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for statics or dynamics of liquids or gases
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/06—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics
- G09B23/18—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for electricity or magnetism
Abstract
The invention discloses a high Mach shock tube experimental device based on arc discharge driving, which comprises: the high-speed shock wave testing device comprises a power energy library system, a driving section, a driven section, a control system, a vacuum system and a testing and data acquisition system, wherein the power energy library system provides current for the driving section, the driving section generates electric explosion under the action of large current, so that high-temperature and high-pressure gas is generated in an explosion cavity of the driving section, a diaphragm between the driven section and the driving section is broken, and high-speed shock waves are formed in the driven section. The invention discloses a high-Mach shock tube experimental device based on arc discharge driving, which is a shock tube experimental device designed based on a new principle and a new method, can generate a hypersonic shock wave of at least 40 Mach (about 14 km/s), and provides a new experimental device for researching scientific problems such as true gas aerodynamic heat loaded into the atmosphere under the hypersonic condition, a gas dynamic physical process, aircraft thermal protection materials and structural design and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aerospace, and particularly relates to a high-Mach shock tube experimental device based on arc discharge driving.
Background
Hypersonic aircraft have received much attention worldwide as a technology with important military applications. Shock waves are a very important flow field structure in a flow field borne by a hypersonic aerocraft. The ground simulation facilities such as shock tunnels, shock tubes and the like are important ways for researching and exploring the atmosphere or planet reentry process of the hypersonic aircraft at present. However, as the speed and altitude of aircraft continue to increase, higher mach numbers are also required for the shock wave speeds of ground simulation devices such as shock tubes.
The existing shock tube experimental device mainly generates high-speed shock waves in a mechanical driving mode or a detonation driving mode, and the two driving modes are limited by physical mechanisms such as gas molecule heat conduction and the like, so that the generated shock wave speed has an upper limit, and the requirement of higher Mach number is difficult to achieve. At present, the Mach number of the shock tube or large wind tunnel shock wave simulation facility of the driving type built in China can be smaller than 20Mach, the corresponding shock wave speed is about 6-7 km/s, and the research requirement of higher shock wave speed is difficult to meet.
Therefore, a shock tube experimental device based on a new principle and a new method is urgently needed to be explored, the bottleneck of the prior art is broken through, shock waves with higher Mach number are generated, and a new experimental research means is provided for researching scientific problems such as actual gas aerodynamic heat loading, gas dynamic physical processes, thermal protection materials and structural design of aircrafts and the like under the hypersonic speed condition.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides an experimental apparatus for a high mach shock tube based on arc discharge driving, which is driven by a large current, and can generate a hypersonic shock wave of at least 40 mach (14 km/s) for environmental simulation of reentry process of high altitude rarefied air or other planets.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a high Mach shock tube experimental apparatus based on arc discharge driving, the apparatus includes:
the power supply energy storage system is formed by connecting a plurality of capacitors in parallel;
the driving section is connected with a plurality of capacitors in the power supply energy storage system through coaxial cables, and the power supply energy storage system supplies current to the driving section;
the driven section consists of a plurality of tubes, one end of the driven section is connected with the driving section, and the tail end of the other end of the driven section is provided with a metal blind plate;
a control system connected to the device via remote fiber optic isolation communication; the method comprises the steps of but not limited to power supply energy library system charge and discharge control, test and data acquisition control and device start and stop control;
a vacuum system comprising a plurality of vacuum devices connected to a drive section and a driven section;
the test and data acquisition system comprises a plurality of diagnostic devices including but not limited to pressure sensors, photomultiplier tubes and spectrometers, the diagnostic devices are mounted on the driven section and connected with the data acquisition card.
Preferably, the driving section includes:
the stainless steel shell is an umbrella-shaped convolution body and is integrally formed by a horizontal disc and a hollow cylinder in the vertical direction;
the insulating layer is provided with an upper layer and a lower layer and is sequentially arranged on the horizontal disc of the stainless steel shell;
the current collector ring I is an annular electric conductor, a plurality of cable insertion ports are uniformly distributed on the current collector ring I, and the current collector ring I is positioned on the upper layer of the insulating layer and is connected with the stainless steel shell through a conductive connecting piece;
the current collector ring II is a disc-shaped electric conductor, a plurality of cable insertion ports are uniformly distributed on the edge convex ring, and a hole is formed in the center of the convex ring at the central position; the current collector ring II is arranged on the upper layer of the insulating layer and is positioned on the inner side of the current collector ring I; the current collector ring II is isolated from the stainless steel shell through the lower layer of the insulating layer, and the current collector ring II is isolated from the current collector ring I through the upper layer of the insulating layer;
the center of the conductive copper rod is a cavity, is arranged in a hole in the center of the raised circular ring at the center of the current collector ring II and is in contact with the current collector ring II;
the driving switch is of a piston structure, and the fixed end of the driving switch is fixedly connected with the convex circular ring at the center of the current collecting ring II;
the explosion cavity is a cylindrical cavity surrounded by insulating materials and is positioned in the hollow cylinder in the vertical direction of the stainless steel shell, and one end of the explosion cavity is opened;
the electric explosion metal wire is spiral and is positioned in the explosion cavity, one end of the electric explosion metal wire is connected to a moving piston rod of the driving switch through an insulated wire, the insulated wire can penetrate through the central cavity of the conductive copper rod, and the other end of the electric explosion metal wire is connected with the stainless steel shell;
and the diaphragm is clamped at the joint of the explosion cavity and the driven section to separate the driving section from the driven section.
Preferably, the upper surface of the insulating layer, which is located between the current collector ring i and the current collector ring ii, has a plurality of non-penetrating annular grooves.
Preferably, the explosion cavity is filled with helium, and the pressure is 0.1-1.0 MPa.
Preferably, the electric explosion metal wire is a single copper wire or tungsten wire, and the diameter of the electric explosion metal wire is 0.1 mm-0.5 mm.
Preferably, the diaphragm is made of stainless steel or aluminum, the thickness of the diaphragm is 1.0 mm-4.0 mm, and a cross groove is formed in the surface, adjacent to the driven section, of the diaphragm.
Preferably, the diameters of the plurality of tubes of the driven section are consistent with the diameter of the explosion cavity of the driving section; the pipe body is provided with a diagnosis window, and a diagnosis device in the test and data acquisition system is arranged at the diagnosis window.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention discloses a high-Mach shock tube experimental device based on arc discharge driving, which is a shock tube experimental device designed based on a new principle and a new method, and the device generates a hypersonic shock wave of at least 40 Mach (about 14 km/s) based on an arc discharge driving method, breaks through the upper limit of the shock wave speed in the prior art, and can provide a new experimental device for researching scientific problems such as the loading of real aerodynamic heat into the atmosphere under the hypersonic condition, the aerodynamic physical process of gas dynamics, the design of thermal protection materials and structures of aircrafts and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a partial structural schematic diagram of an experimental apparatus of a high Mach shock tube based on arc discharge driving according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving section of the high Mach shock tube experimental apparatus based on arc discharge driving according to the present invention;
fig. 3a is a schematic signal waveform diagram of a pressure sensor in a display interface of an oscilloscope in an experimental process of the high mach shock tube experimental apparatus based on arc discharge driving according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3b is a screenshot of a data display window of an oscilloscope in an experimental process of the high mach shock tube experimental apparatus based on arc discharge driving according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. the driving section 2, the driven section 11, the stainless steel shell 12, the insulating layer 13, the current collector ring I14, the current collector ring II 15, the conductive copper bar 16, the driving switch 17, the explosion cavity 18, the electric explosion metal wire 19 and the diaphragm.
Detailed Description
It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments described herein are intended to assist the reader in understanding the principles of the invention and are to be construed as being without limitation to such specifically recited embodiments and examples. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific changes and combinations based on the teachings of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these changes and combinations are within the scope of the invention.
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
An experimental apparatus for high mach shock tube based on arc discharge driving as shown in fig. 1, the apparatus includes: the system comprises a power energy library system, a driving section 1, a driven section 2, a control system, a vacuum system and a test and data acquisition system.
The power supply energy storage system is formed by connecting a plurality of capacitors in parallel, and each capacitor collects electric energy to the driving section 1 through two low-inductance coaxial cables to provide energy for the driving section 1. The number of capacitors of the power supply energy library system can be adjusted according to the shock wave speed required to be generated.
As shown in fig. 2, the driving section 1 specifically includes:
the stainless steel housing 11 is an umbrella-shaped revolving body as shown in fig. 2, and is integrally formed by a horizontal disc and a vertical hollow cylinder.
Current collector ring I13, current collector ring I13 are the ring form electric conductor, a plurality of cable interface of evenly distributed on the current collector ring I13, these cable interface are used for the installation to be connected the cable of usefulness with the condenser, current collector ring I13 is the output current collector ring, current collector ring I13 is connected through electrically conductive connecting piece with 11 horizontal discs of stainless steel shell, constitutes the output current route with stainless steel shell 11, in time derives the electric current after the electric explosion.
The current collector ring II 14 is a disc-shaped conductor, a plurality of cable insertion ports are uniformly distributed on the edge and the center of the disc-shaped conductor, the cables are used for installing cables connected with a capacitor, and the current collector ring II 14 is an input current collector ring and plays a role of collecting output current of the capacitor; the center of the convex circular ring at the center position is provided with a hole; and the current collector ring II 14 is arranged on the upper layer of the insulating layer 12 and is positioned on the inner side of the current collector ring I13, the current collector ring II is isolated from the stainless steel shell 11 through the lower layer of the insulating layer 12, and the current collector ring II is isolated from the current collector ring I13 through the upper layer of the insulating layer 12.
The current collector ring ii 14 collects the output current of the capacitor, and the current collector ring i 13 and the stainless steel case 11 output the current after the electric explosion, thereby forming a current loop. And each capacitor in the power supply energy storage system is connected with one cable socket of the current collector ring II 14 through two low-inductance coaxial cables. A plurality of non-through concentric annular grooves are formed in the upper surface of the insulating layer 12 between the current collector ring II 14 and the current collector ring I13, the insulating distance between the current collector ring II 14 and the current collector ring I13 can be increased through the grooves, and the insulating reliability is improved.
The center of the conductive copper rod 15 is a cavity, and the conductive copper rod 15 is installed in a central hole of the current collector ring II 14 and is in contact with the current collector ring II 14;
the driving switch 16 is of a piston structure, and the fixed end of the driving switch 16 is fixedly connected with the convex circular ring at the center of the current collecting ring II 14;
the explosion cavity 17 is a cylindrical cavity which is formed by enclosing an insulating material and a hollow cylinder body in the vertical direction of the stainless steel shell 11, one end of the explosion cavity 17 is open, helium is filled in the cavity before electric explosion, and the pressure is 0.1-1.0 Mpa.
The electric explosion metal wire 18 is spiral, so that the electric explosion metal wire 18 can be stretched after being pulled by the driving switch and is positioned in the explosion cavity 17 in a natural contraction state when not in work; one end of an electric explosion metal wire 18 is connected to a moving piston rod of a driving switch 16 through an insulated wire, the insulated wire is long enough and can penetrate through the whole conductive copper rod 15 through the hollow center of the conductive copper rod 15, so that the electric explosion metal wire 18 and the conductive copper rod 15 can ensure enough insulation distance in a non-working state, and the other end of the electric explosion metal wire is connected with a stainless steel shell 11, so that current can be led out after electric explosion occurs; the electric explosion metal wire 18 is a single copper wire or tungsten wire with the diameter of 0.1-0.5 mm.
The diaphragm 19 is located at the connecting position of the explosion cavity 17 and the driven section 2 and separates the driving section 1 from the driven section 2, the diaphragm is made of stainless steel or aluminum and has the thickness of 1.0-4.0 mm, and cross grooves are formed in the adjacent surfaces of the diaphragm 19 and the driven section 2.
The driven section 2 is formed by connecting a plurality of tube bodies, one end of each tube body is connected with the opening end of the explosion cavity 17 of the driving section 1, the diameter of each tube body is consistent with that of the explosion cavity 17 of the driving section 1, and the tail end of each tube body is provided with a metal blind plate for forming a shock tube experimental device; on the stainless steel pipe body, a plurality of diagnostic windows for carrying out parameter tests are designed in a layout mode.
The control system comprises control modules for charge and discharge control, test and data acquisition control, device start and stop control and the like of the power energy library system, mainly realizes the functions of charge and discharge control, data acquisition, sudden stop operation and the like of the power driving system, and has high safety and reliability because the control system is remote optical fiber isolation communication in order to ensure safety.
The vacuum system comprises a plurality of vacuum devices such as mechanical pumps, molecular pumps, vacuum meters and the like, wherein the vacuum devices are connected with the driving section 1 and the driven section 2 and are used for vacuumizing before helium is injected into the driving section 1, the driven section 2 keeps a vacuum state, or gas components and vacuum degrees in the driven section 2 are changed, so that different atmospheric or planet reentry process environment simulation conditions are obtained.
The testing and data acquisition system comprises diagnostic equipment such as a pressure sensor, a photomultiplier, a spectrometer and the like, the diagnostic equipment is arranged at a tube body diagnostic window of the driven section 2, and signals of the diagnostic equipment enter a data acquisition card to form a parameter testing and data acquisition system.
The invention discloses a high Mach shock tube experimental device based on arc discharge driving, which comprises the following shock wave generating processes: before the energy storage system finishes energy storage charging, a piston of a driving switch 16 is positioned at the bottom, an electric explosion metal wire 18 is kept at a position far away from a conductive copper rod 15 at the moment, after a capacitor of the power energy storage system finishes charging, the driving switch 16 is started, the piston moves, an insulating wire is pulled into a central cavity of the conductive copper rod 15, so that the electric explosion metal wire 18 is in contact with the conductive copper rod 15, the capacitor discharges high-power pulses at the moment, energy is fed into a current bus ring II 14, the conductive copper rod 15 detonates the electric explosion metal wire 18 to form a discharge arc, and working gas in an explosion cavity 17 is added in dozens of microseconds from room temperature to 104And above K, the high-temperature gas in the explosion cavity 17 expands to form extremely high gas pressure, when the pressure reaches an explosion threshold value, a diaphragm 19 arranged between the driving section 1 and the driven section 2 is broken, a shock wave with a certain speed is formed in the driven section 2, and meanwhile, the current returns to the capacitor through a passage formed by the stainless steel shell 11 and the current collecting ring I13.
Example 1
Based on the experimental device of the high mach shock tube based on the arc discharge driving, the specific implementation parameters given in the embodiment are as follows: the shape of the explosion chamber is cylindrical, with a diameter of 10cm, a length of 25cm and a volume of about 2L. Helium is selected as working gas, and the pressure is 0.5 Mpa. The electric explosion metal wire is a single tungsten wire with the diameter of about 0.1 mm. The membrane material is aluminum, the thickness is 1.5mm, a cross groove is carved, and the length is 8 cm; the power supply energy library system is formed by connecting 8 capacitors of 50 mu F in parallel, the working voltage is 32kV, and the discharge current is about 0.8 MA; the pressure sensors are arranged at intervals of 25cm on the driven section.
The experiment was carried out by the experimental apparatus configured as described above, and the experimental results are shown in fig. 3a and 3b, where the horizontal axis in fig. 3a is the time axis and the unit is: 50 μ s/div, signal intensity on the vertical axis, in units of: v, in the graph, a curve 1 is a discharge current curve, a curve 2 is a pressure sensor signal at the position A, and a curve 3 is a pressure sensor signal at the position B adjacent to the position A; the takeoff time t of curves 2 and 3 can be determined from the waveform plot of FIG. 3a and the oscilloscope data display window of FIG. 3bAAnd tBThe time difference between them is 18 mus, at a known sensor separation distance SA - SBIn the case of = 25cm, the velocity of the laser can be calculated to be 13.9km/s (about mach 40.9).
Example 2
Based on the experimental device of the high mach shock tube based on the arc discharge driving, the specific implementation parameters given in this embodiment are as follows: the explosion chamber is cylindrical, has a diameter of 10cm, a length of 25cm and a volume of about 2L, and also uses helium as working gas at a pressure of 0.1 MPa. The electric explosion metal wire is a single tungsten wire with the diameter of about 0.2 mm; the diaphragm is made of stainless steel, the thickness of the diaphragm is 1.0mm, a cross groove is carved, and the length of the cross groove is 6 cm; the power supply energy library system is formed by connecting 8 capacitors of 50 mu F in parallel, the working voltage is 32kV, and the discharge current is about 1.0 MA; the pressure sensors are arranged at intervals of 25cm on the driven section.
By the test method in example 1, it can be calculated that the shock velocity that can be generated by the experimental apparatus in this embodiment is mach 38.1.
Example 3
Based on the experimental device of the high mach shock tube based on the arc discharge driving, the specific implementation parameters given in this embodiment are as follows: the explosion cavity is cylindrical, the diameter of the explosion cavity is 10cm, the length of the explosion cavity is 25cm, the volume of the explosion cavity is about 2L, helium is selected as working gas, the pressure is 1Mpa, and a single copper wire is selected as an electric explosion metal wire, and the diameter of the electric explosion metal wire is about 0.5 mm; selecting aluminum as a membrane material, wherein the thickness of the membrane material is 4.0mm, and a cross groove is carved, and the length of the membrane material is 6 cm; the power energy library system is formed by connecting 8 capacitors of 50 muF in parallel, the working voltage is 36kV, the discharge current is about 0.6MA, and the pressure sensors are arranged on the driven section at intervals of 25 cm.
By the test method in example 1, it can be calculated that the shock velocity that can be generated by the experimental apparatus in this embodiment is mach 45.6.
In summary, the experimental device for the high mach shock tube based on the arc discharge driving disclosed by the invention can generate the hypersonic shock wave above 40 mach (14 km/s), which is an index that cannot be realized by the prior art, and can provide a new experimental device for researching scientific problems such as loading of real aerodynamic heat and aerodynamic physical processes of gas in the atmosphere under the hypersonic condition, design of thermal protection materials and structures of aircrafts and the like.
Claims (6)
1. A high Mach shock tube experimental apparatus based on arc discharge driving is characterized in that the apparatus comprises:
the power supply energy storage system is formed by connecting a plurality of capacitors in parallel;
the driving section (1) is connected with a plurality of capacitors in the power supply energy storage system through coaxial cables, and the power supply energy storage system provides current for the driving section (1);
the driven section (2) is composed of a plurality of tubes, one end of the driven section (2) is connected with the driving section (1), and the tail end of the other end of the driven section is provided with a metal blind plate;
a control system connected to the device via remote fiber optic isolation communication;
a vacuum system comprising a plurality of vacuum devices connected to a drive section (1) and a driven section (2);
the test and data acquisition system comprises diagnostic equipment, wherein the diagnostic equipment is one or more of a pressure sensor, a photomultiplier and a spectrometer, and is arranged on the driven section (2) and connected with the data acquisition card;
the drive section (1) comprises:
the stainless steel shell (11) is an umbrella-shaped convolution body and is integrally formed by a horizontal disc and a hollow cylinder in the vertical direction;
the insulating layer (12), the said insulating layer (12) has upper and lower two-layer, install on stainless steel outer casing (11) horizontal disc sequentially; the current collector ring I (13) is an annular electric conductor, a plurality of cable insertion ports are uniformly distributed on the current collector ring I (13), and the current collector ring I (13) is positioned on the upper layer of the insulating layer (12) and is connected with the stainless steel shell (11) through a conductive connecting piece;
the current collector ring II (14) is a disc-shaped electric conductor, the edge and the center of the current collector ring II (14) are provided with convex circular rings, a plurality of cable insertion ports are uniformly distributed on the convex circular rings at the edge, and the center of the convex circular ring at the center is provided with a hole; the current collector ring II (14) is arranged on the upper layer of the insulating layer (12) and is positioned on the inner side of the current collector ring I (13); the current collector ring II (14) is isolated from the stainless steel shell (11) through the lower layer of the insulating layer (12), and the current collector ring II (14) is isolated from the current collector ring I (13) through the upper layer of the insulating layer (12);
the center of the conductive copper rod (15) is a cavity, the conductive copper rod (15) is installed in a hole in the center of the raised circular ring at the center of the current collector ring II (14), and the conductive copper rod is in contact with the current collector ring II (14);
the driving switch (16) is of a piston structure, and the fixed end of the driving switch (16) is fixedly connected with a convex circular ring at the center of the current collector ring II (14);
the explosion cavity (17) is a cylindrical cavity surrounded by insulating materials and is positioned in the hollow cylinder in the vertical direction of the stainless steel shell (11), and one end of the explosion cavity (17) is opened;
the electric explosion metal wire (18) is spiral and is positioned in the explosion cavity (17), one end of the electric explosion metal wire is connected to a moving piston rod of the driving switch (16) through an insulated wire, the insulated wire can penetrate through a central cavity of the conductive copper rod (15), and the other end of the electric explosion metal wire is connected with the stainless steel shell (11);
and the diaphragm (19) is clamped at the joint of the explosion cavity (17) and the driven section (2) to separate the driving section (1) from the driven section (2).
2. The high mach shock tube experimental apparatus based on arc discharge driving according to claim 1, wherein the insulating layer (12) has a plurality of non-penetrating annular grooves on a portion of the upper surface of the upper layer thereof between the current collector ring i (13) and the current collector ring ii (14).
3. The high mach shock tube experimental apparatus based on arc discharge driving according to claim 1, wherein the explosion chamber (17) is filled with helium gas, and the pressure is 0.1 Mpa-1.0 Mpa.
4. The high mach shock tube experimental apparatus based on arc discharge driving according to claim 1, wherein the electric explosion metal wire (18) is a single copper wire or tungsten wire with a diameter of 0.1mm to 0.5 mm.
5. The high mach shock tube experimental apparatus based on arc discharge driving according to claim 1, wherein the membrane (19) is made of stainless steel or aluminum and has a thickness of 1.0mm to 4.0mm, and the surface of the membrane (19) adjacent to the driven section (2) is notched.
6. The high mach shock tube experimental apparatus based on arc discharge driving according to claim 1, wherein the tube diameters of the plurality of tubes of the driven section (2) are consistent with the diameter of the explosion cavity (17) of the driving section (1); the pipe body is provided with a plurality of diagnosis windows, and diagnosis devices in the test and data acquisition system are arranged at the diagnosis windows.
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