CN113029443A - Ultra-deep underground wall leakage risk detection method based on distributed optical fiber sensing - Google Patents
Ultra-deep underground wall leakage risk detection method based on distributed optical fiber sensing Download PDFInfo
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- CN113029443A CN113029443A CN202110301405.9A CN202110301405A CN113029443A CN 113029443 A CN113029443 A CN 113029443A CN 202110301405 A CN202110301405 A CN 202110301405A CN 113029443 A CN113029443 A CN 113029443A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/002—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using thermal means
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
- G01K11/3206—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres at discrete locations in the fibre, e.g. using Bragg scattering
Abstract
A distributed optical fiber sensing-based ultra-deep underground wall leakage risk detection method comprises the following steps: building a distributed optical fiber sensing ultra-deep underground wall leakage detection system; demodulating the detection signal, and preliminarily determining the central position of a suspected leakage point; and comprehensively analyzing temperature change data near the central position of the suspected leakage point by utilizing space-time characteristics to determine the position of the leakage point and the like. The method fully utilizes the advantages of distributed optical fiber temperature sensing, can realize comprehensive, large-scale and full-life-cycle continuous monitoring on the underground wall, has high detection sensitivity and low false alarm rate, and can meet the monitoring requirement under the underground complex environment. The invention is a supplement to the existing leakage monitoring technology, greatly improves the efficiency and reliability of underground leakage risk detection, provides powerful guarantee for the construction of ultra-deep underground engineering, accelerates the pace of social construction, and has huge social benefit and economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to health and safety monitoring of large underground infrastructure, in particular to an ultra-deep underground wall leakage risk detection method based on distributed optical fiber sensing.
Background
In recent years, China has become the largest urban rail transit construction market in the world, and accordingly a large number of deep foundation pit projects appear. Meanwhile, with the rapid development of the urbanization process in China, more and more deep foundation pits are built in the building compact areas. In areas such as high-rise areas, areas with dense important structures, areas with dense underground pipelines, traffic main roads and the like, the precipitation safety of deep and large foundation pits and the geological environment effects (such as cracking and inclination of surrounding structures, surface subsidence and damage of underground pipelines) caused by the precipitation safety are attracting more and more attention. In the process of dewatering of deep foundation pits in urban dense building areas, a water head is required to be controlled below a safety line, meanwhile, surrounding building structures are required to be strictly protected, and confined water control in construction is a necessary means for ensuring normal operation of urban functions in large-scale underground space development hot tide and ensuring normal and stable social life.
In the prior art, an electric method is applied to the research on the integrity of a high polymer impervious wall [ J ] in the national yellow river, 2013(04):101-102 ], a hole is drilled in one side of the wall, a measuring electrode is placed in the drilled hole, the visual resistance (U/I) of a measuring point position is obtained, a U/I-depth curve is drawn, and the accurate judgment of the integrity of the wall can be realized according to the change trend of the visual resistance in the curve. However, the method cannot realize underground leakage monitoring and early warning in the early pouring stage of the underground wall and cannot realize leakage risk detection in the whole life cycle of the underground wall.
In the prior art, the application of isotope tracer technology to the water seepage detection of the levee of the Hongze lake [ J ]. the water conservancy and hydropower in China rural areas, 2003(1):65-66 ] adopts the isotope tracer technology, and the detection and evaluation of the leakage hidden danger and the permeability coefficient of an underground wall can be realized by putting a radioactive isotope tracer into underground water and determining the condition of an underground seepage flow field by using a test instrument. However, under the condition of a large detection range, the method has poor detection precision and weak detection capability, and cannot meet the detection requirements of long-distance and large-scale full coverage.
In the prior art, a Zhao Beilong, Houhaifang, Cheng Han Xiang and the like, an ultrahigh density resistivity CT imaging method is applied to leakage detection of an underground continuous wall [ J ] construction technology, 2016(S1):208 and 210 ] by utilizing the ultrahigh density resistivity CT imaging method, the spatial distribution condition of resistivity is analyzed by detecting the change of the resistivity of soil bodies on two sides of the underground continuous wall, and a leakage part can be accurately and quickly judged. However, the method has high requirements on a detection instrument, a seismic source and a receiving sensor, the data processing process is complex, the result is easily interfered by an underground conductor, the false alarm rate is high, and the safety monitoring requirement under the complex environment is difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an ultra-deep underground wall leakage risk detection method based on distributed optical fiber sensing, so as to overcome the key problems of high false alarm rate, small detection range, incapability of continuous detection in a full life cycle and the like in the development of the field of ultra-deep underground wall leakage detection at present.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a distributed optical fiber sensing-based ultra-deep underground wall leakage risk detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) building an ultra-deep underground wall leakage detection system:
the system comprises a distributed optical fiber temperature sensing system, a sensing optical cable and a heat conducting pipe; the distributed optical fiber temperature sensing system is connected with a sensing optical cable, the sensing optical cable is arranged on one side of an underground wall body, the heat conduction pipe is arranged on the other side of the underground wall body, and water subjected to heating treatment is injected into the heat conduction pipe;
2) demodulating signals obtained by detection of the distributed optical fiber temperature sensing system, constructing temperature change T (z, T) along the optical fiber of the inner side of the underground wall, wherein z is the axial position along the sensing optical cable, T is the signal sampling time of the distributed optical fiber temperature sensing system, analyzing the temperature change T (z, T), and preliminarily determining the central position of each suspected leakage point:
setting an amplitude threshold value T according to amplitude information of temperature change T (z, T) along the optical fiber on the inner side of the wall bodythThe central position of the suspected leakage point is preliminarily detected and is larger than a preset amplitude threshold value TthThe temperature change T (z, T) of (a) is regarded as the temperature change T (z) of the suspected wall leakage point0,t0) Obtaining the center position z of the suspected leakage point0And the central time t of the leak0And the center position z is set0Nearby temperature change T (z)0,t0) As a signal for further analysis;
3) temperature change T (z) of the suspected wall leakage point0,t0) Performing comprehensive analysis and judgment on space-time characteristics:
i. defining the temperature variation T (z)0,t0) In the position z0Centered smaller spatial extent S1A larger space range S2The spatial mean values in are respectively
Setting a temperature space ratio threshold r aiming at the space sweep range of the temperature change near the suspected leakage pointth(ii) a When satisfying ER1/ER2＞rthThen position z0The position may be a wall leakage point;
defining a temperature variation T (z)0,t0) At a time t0The time average in the central smaller time range τ is
Setting a temperature-time ratio threshold value E aiming at the intensity of temperature change near a wall leakage pointth(ii) a When satisfying ET＞EthThen position z0The position may be a wall leakage point;
iiiwhen the suspected leakage point center position z0The temperature change of (A) simultaneously satisfies: eR1/ER2＞rth,ET＞EthDetermining the position z0There are leakage points in the wall.
In the step 2), under the condition that the leakage area is large and a plurality of suspected leakage points exist, the position z of the acquired suspected leakage point0The sample is a one-dimensional array, and the one-dimensional array needs to be processed to extract the central position of one or more suspected leakage points; under the condition of multiple suspected leakage points, the division of each leakage position can be realized by adopting methods such as position difference judgment, clustering and the like; and under the condition of a large leakage area, acquiring the central position by adopting a gravity center method and an average value method.
The distributed optical fiber temperature sensing system comprises a Brillouin Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (BOTDR), an Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometer (OFDR) or an optical fiber grating sensor (FBG).
The heat conducting pipe comprises a hot water pipe or an electric heating pipe.
The arrangement mode of the heat conduction pipes comprises prefabrication in the wall body or fixation outside the wall body.
The temperature space ratio threshold value rthSetting according to the temperature change time distribution characteristics near the suspected leakage point; the temperature-time ratio threshold value EthAnd setting according to the temperature change spatial distribution characteristics near the suspected leakage point.
The invention has the following characteristics and advantages:
(1) the method for detecting the leakage risk of the underground wall by using the distributed optical fiber sensing not only can play a role in the whole life cycle of the underground wall, but also has the capability of carrying out safety monitoring in a complex environment, improves the reliability of wall leakage detection, and provides effective means and tools for effectively identifying leakage points.
(2) The distributed sensing advantage of distributed optical fiber temperature sensing is utilized, and long-distance and large-scale underground wall leakage risk detection is realized; meanwhile, a large number of traditional point sensors are replaced by the optical fibers, and cost is saved.
(3) The optical fiber is used as a sensor, single-end detection is realized, additional power supply is not needed, meanwhile, the optical fiber is combined with the underground continuous wall into a whole through a wall body internal prefabrication or wall body external fixing method, the optical fiber is not easy to damage, and long-time continuous detection can be realized.
(4) The method has the advantages of high sensitivity, low false alarm rate and strong detection capability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the method for detecting the leakage risk of the ultra-deep underground wall based on distributed optical fiber sensing;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an ultra-deep underground wall leak detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of data analysis determination for an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below, but not limited to, with reference to the following figures and examples. Several implementation methods can be adopted according to the idea of the invention. The following embodiments are merely illustrative of the inventive concept, and the specific embodiments are not limited thereto. In addition, for convenience of description, only a part, not all of the processes related to the present invention are illustrated in the drawings.
In the first embodiment of the method for detecting the leakage risk of the ultra-deep underground wall based on the distributed optical fiber sensing, as shown in fig. 1, the method mainly comprises the following steps:
1) building an ultra-deep underground wall leakage detection system, as shown in fig. 2:
the system comprises a distributed optical fiber temperature sensing system 1, a sensing optical cable 4 and a heat conducting pipe 3. The distributed optical fiber temperature sensing system 1 is connected with a sensing optical cable 4; the sensing optical cable 4 is arranged on one side of the underground wall body 2; the heat conduction pipe 3 is arranged at the other side of the underground wall body 2, and water after heating treatment is injected into the heat conduction pipe 3.
The distributed optical fiber temperature sensing system selects Brillouin Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (BOTDR). The sensing optical cable is arranged in an S-shaped mode, so that the detection range can be better expanded. The heat conducting pipe is a hot water pipe. The sensing optical cable and the heat conduction pipe are respectively arranged on two sides of the reinforcement cage 5 and are fixed on two sides inside the underground wall body in a prefabricated mode in the wall body.
2) Demodulating signals obtained by detection of the distributed optical fiber temperature sensing system, constructing temperature change T (z, T) along the optical fiber of the inner side of the underground wall, wherein z is the axial position along the sensing optical cable, T is the signal sampling time of the distributed optical fiber temperature sensing system, analyzing the temperature change T (z, T), and preliminarily determining the central position of each suspected leakage point:
setting an amplitude threshold value T according to amplitude information of temperature change T (z, T) along the optical fiber on the inner side of the wall bodythThe central position of the suspected leakage point is preliminarily detected and is larger than a preset amplitude threshold value TthThe temperature change T (z, T) of (a) is regarded as the temperature change T (z) of the suspected wall leakage point0,t0) Obtaining the center position z of the suspected leakage point0And the central time t of the leak0And the center position z is set0Nearby temperature change T (z)0,t0) As a signal for further analysis;
for the position array z0And performing multi-leakage-point segmentation. Calculating the difference, dz, of the elements in the position array0(i)＝z0(i+1)-z0(i) In that respect When the difference value is larger than a preset threshold value, such as 2 meters, the front position and the rear position belong to different suspected leakage points;
and carrying out center positioning on the leakage area, and determining the position of a suspected leakage point. Processing a plurality of data of the same suspected leakage point by adopting a gravity center method, calculating and acquiring the central position of the suspected leakage point according to the following formula,
3) temperature change T (z) of the suspected wall leakage point0,t0) Performing comprehensive analysis and judgment on the spatio-temporal characteristics, as shown in fig. 3:
i. defining the temperature variation T (z)0,t0) At z0Centered smaller spatial extent S1A larger space range S2The spatial mean values in are respectively
Setting a temperature space ratio threshold r aiming at the space sweep range of the temperature change near the suspected leakage pointth(ii) a When satisfying ER1/ER2＞rthThen position z0The position may be a wall leakage point;
defining a temperature variation T (z)0,t0) At t0The time average in the central smaller time range τ is
Setting a temperature-time ratio threshold value E aiming at the intensity of temperature change near a suspected leakage pointth(ii) a When satisfying ET＞EthThen position z0The position may be a wall leakage point;
when the suspected leakage point center position z0The temperature change of (A) simultaneously satisfies: eR1/ER2＞rth,ET＞EthDetermining the position z0There are leakage points in the wall.
Some embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the implementation manner in the above embodiments. All such modifications and variations are intended to be included herein without departing from the spirit of the invention. And should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention in any way.
Claims (6)
1. A distributed optical fiber sensing-based ultra-deep underground wall leakage risk detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) building an ultra-deep underground wall leakage detection system:
the system comprises a distributed optical fiber temperature sensing system, a sensing optical cable and a heat conducting pipe; the distributed optical fiber temperature sensing system is connected with a sensing optical cable, the sensing optical cable is arranged on one side of an underground wall body, the heat conduction pipe is arranged on the other side of the underground wall body, and water subjected to heating treatment is injected into the heat conduction pipe;
2) demodulating signals obtained by detection of the distributed optical fiber temperature sensing system, constructing temperature change T (z, T) along the optical fiber of the inner side of the underground wall, wherein z is the axial position along the sensing optical cable, T is the signal sampling time of the distributed optical fiber temperature sensing system, analyzing the temperature change T (z, T), and preliminarily determining the central position of each suspected leakage point:
setting an amplitude threshold value T according to amplitude information of temperature change T (z, T) along the optical fiber on the inner side of the wall bodythThe central position of the suspected leakage point is preliminarily detected and is larger than a preset amplitude threshold value TthThe temperature change T (z, T) of (a) is regarded as the temperature change T (z) of the suspected wall leakage point0,t0) Obtaining the center position z of the suspected leakage point0And the central time t of the leak0And the center position z is set0Nearby temperature change T (z)0,t0) As a signal for further analysis;
3) temperature change T (z) of the suspected wall leakage point0,t0) Performing comprehensive analysis and judgment on space-time characteristics:
i. defining the temperature variation T (z)0,t0) In the position z0Centered smaller spatial extent S1A larger space range S2The spatial mean values in are respectively
Setting a temperature space ratio threshold r aiming at the space sweep range of the temperature change near the suspected leakage pointth(ii) a When satisfying ER1/ER2＞rthThen position z0The position may be a wall leakage point;
defining a temperature variation T (z)0,t0) At a time t0The time average in the central smaller time range τ is
Setting a temperature-time ratio threshold value E aiming at the intensity of temperature change near a wall leakage pointth(ii) a When satisfying ET＞EthThen position z0The position may be a wall leakage point;
when inquiring aboutPosition z of center of leakage-like point0The temperature change of (A) simultaneously satisfies: eR1/ER2＞rth,ET＞EthDetermining the position z0There are leakage points in the wall.
2. The method for detecting the ultra-deep underground wall leakage risk based on the distributed optical fiber sensing of claim 1, wherein in the step 2), under the condition that the leakage area is large and a plurality of suspected leakage points exist, the position z of the obtained suspected leakage point is located0The sample is a one-dimensional array, and the one-dimensional array needs to be processed to extract the central position of one or more suspected leakage points; under the condition of multiple suspected leakage points, the division of each leakage position can be realized by adopting methods such as position difference judgment, clustering and the like; and under the condition of a large leakage area, acquiring the central position by adopting a gravity center method and an average value method.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the distributed optical fiber temperature sensing system comprises a Brillouin Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (BOTDR), an Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometer (OFDR), or a fiber grating sensor (FBG).
4. The method for detecting the risk of leakage from the ultra-deep underground wall based on distributed optical fiber sensing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat conducting pipe comprises a hot water pipe or an electrothermal pipe.
5. The method for detecting the leakage risk of the ultra-deep underground wall based on the distributed optical fiber sensing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat pipe is arranged in a manner of prefabricating in the wall or fixing outside the wall.
6. The method for detecting the risk of leakage from the ultra-deep underground wall based on distributed optical fiber sensing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature-space ratio threshold r isthSetting according to the temperature change time distribution characteristics near the suspected leakage point; the temperature-time ratioValue threshold value EthAnd setting according to the temperature change spatial distribution characteristics near the suspected leakage point.
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