CN113023079A - 一种具有防锈功能的聚乙烯包装袋及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种具有防锈功能的聚乙烯包装袋及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- B65D31/00—Bags or like containers made of paper and having structural provision for thickness of contents
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- D04H1/728—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by electro-spinning
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种具有防锈功能的聚乙烯包装袋，所述包装袋为复合层结构，所述复合层包括静电纺丝层和流延聚乙烯层，所述静电纺丝层为含气相防锈剂的静电纺丝层；所述静电纺丝层为壳‑芯型静电纺丝膜，壳为氯化聚丙烯，芯为负载气相防锈剂的壳聚糖。本发明复合型防锈聚乙烯袋，具有高阻隔性，将含有气相防锈剂的静电纺丝层作为包装袋的内容，气相防锈剂产生的气相防锈气体可挥发渗透到包装件各个角落空间，切断金属离子与水、氧气接触的可能性，抑制了电化学反应的发生。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及高分子材料领域，具体涉及一种具有防锈功能的聚乙烯包装袋及其制备方法。
背景技术
金属腐蚀会给整个工业生产过程造成较大的损失，根据美国金属学会统计，全球每年因金属锈蚀造成的财产损失约占国民生产总值的4％，每年因锈蚀而报废的金属占产量的30％。我国目前由于锈蚀受到的经济损失在3000多亿元人民币之巨，腐蚀费用的总和估计可达5000亿元人民币，约占国民经济总产值的5％。金属和化合物相比，自由能较高，在热力学上不够稳定，这就会使金属在自由能条件达到时，由单质向化合物转化，从而发生腐蚀。大气腐蚀是在大气环境下使用的金属材料最常见的腐蚀形式，黄铜和碳钢由于其优良的机械强度，应用率较高，也是遭受大气腐蚀最为常见的两种金属，利用气相缓蚀剂(VCI)缓解金属腐蚀是最为简单有效的方法。现在，气相缓蚀剂的发展趋势向高效低毒，通用型发展，开发多金属用气相缓蚀剂，探究其在各种因素(如温度、湿度和电解质溶液的氯离子浓度)影响下的气相缓蚀机理成为了研究热点。
要有效地抑制金属的锈蚀，防止金属直接与氧气和水蒸气接触，是十分重要的。除少数是金属例如铝，氧化时会在其表面生成致密的保护层，防止氧气进一步与金属件的内部接触从而有效地保护金属件不进一步锈蚀外，通常金属锈蚀的产一般均为疏松结构的物质，不能切断大气中的氧气及水蒸气与属的接触，因此锈蚀过程会从外而内，导致整个金属件的锈蚀，后失去使用功能。
与其他防锈包装材料相比，防锈薄膜具有透明、柔韧、可封焊、可加工成型、阻隔性高，同时具有包装美观、使用方便、经济性佳的特点。如前所述，防锈薄膜是以塑料为气相防锈剂的载体而生产的塑料薄膜，因其结构、功能和制造工艺的不同，防锈薄膜有多种形式，并有各自的特点和适用范围。
发明内容
要解决的技术问题：本发明的目的是提供具有防锈功能的聚乙烯包装袋，采用静电纺织物和流延聚乙烯结合，使得聚乙烯包装袋具有优秀的防锈效果。
技术方案：一种具有防锈功能的聚乙烯包装袋，所述包装袋为复合层结构，所述复合层包括静电纺丝层和流延聚乙烯层，所述静电纺丝层为含气相防锈剂的静电纺丝层。
优选的，所述静电纺丝层为壳-芯型静电纺丝膜，壳为氯化聚丙烯，芯为负载气相防锈剂的壳聚糖。
一种具有防锈功能的聚乙烯包装袋的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1.静电纺丝膜壳层纺丝液的制备：将氯化聚丙烯和纳米多孔粉体加入含有离子液体的混合溶剂中，搅拌至氯化聚丙烯完全溶解，形成壳层纺丝液；
S2.静电纺丝膜芯层纺丝液的制备：将气相防锈剂加入至壳聚糖溶液中，搅拌混合均匀，形成芯层纺丝液；
S3.静电纺丝膜的制备：将壳层纺丝液和芯层纺丝液以相应的电压和流速进行同轴静电纺，得到静电纺丝膜；
S4.聚乙烯粒子的制备：将聚乙烯树脂和助剂进行混合，充分搅拌均匀，通过双螺杆挤出机混合、塑化、均化、熔融，切粒机剪切，制备出聚乙烯母粒；
S5.包装袋的制备：将制备好的聚乙烯母粒加人流延机中，将静电纺丝膜固定于流延辊上制得复合膜，然后加复合膜加工为包装袋。
优选的，所述离子液体为1-十二烷基-甲基咪唑六氟化硼，所述混合溶剂为二甲苯和环己酮的混合溶剂，所述离子液体含量为3％，所述氯化聚丙烯的含量为15-20％，所述纳米多孔粉体的含量为2.5-6wt％。
优选的，所述纳米多孔粉体为多孔纳米碳酸钙，多孔纳米二氧化硅或多孔纳米二氧化钛中的任意一种。
优选的，所述气相防锈剂和壳聚糖溶液的质量比为1：30-50。
优选的，所述壳层纺丝液的流速为0.1-0.3mL/h，芯层纺丝液的速度0.1-0.2ml/L，电压14-18kV，接收距离20cm。
优选的，所述流延辊转速为20-40r/min。
优选的，所述静电纺丝层为包装袋内层，所述流延聚乙烯层为包装袋外层。
有益效果：本发明的具有以下优点：
1、本发明复合型防锈聚乙烯袋，具有高阻隔性，将含有气相防锈剂的静电纺丝层作为包装袋的内容，气相防锈剂产生的气相防锈气体可挥发渗透到包装件各个角落空间，切断金属离子与水、氧气接触的可能性，抑制了电化学反应的发生；
2、采用壳-芯型静电纺丝膜，气相防锈剂在芯层，可以延长气相防锈剂的挥发渗透时间，进一步抑制金属的腐蚀，壳层材料中含有多孔粒子，可以有利于气相防锈剂的挥发，同时壳层采用氯化聚丙烯和聚乙烯相容性好，有利于提高包装材料的力学性能。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种具有防锈功能的聚乙烯包装袋的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1.静电纺丝膜壳层纺丝液的制备：将氯化聚丙烯和纳米多孔粉体加入含有1-十二烷基-甲基咪唑六氟化硼的混合溶剂中，搅拌至氯化聚丙烯完全溶解，所述离子液体含量为3％，所述氯化聚丙烯的含量为15％，所述纳米多孔粉体的含量为2.5wt％，形成壳层纺丝液；
S2.静电纺丝膜芯层纺丝液的制备：将气相防锈剂加入至壳聚糖溶液中，气相防锈剂和壳聚糖溶液的质量比为1：30，壳聚糖溶液的浓度为12wt％，搅拌混合均匀，形成芯层纺丝液；
S3.静电纺丝膜的制备：将壳层纺丝液和芯层纺丝液以相应的电压和流速进行同轴静电纺，壳层纺丝液的流速为0.1mL/h，芯层纺丝液的速度0.1ml/L，电压14kV，接收距离20cm，得到静电纺丝膜；
S4.聚乙烯粒子的制备：将聚乙烯树脂和助剂进行混合，充分搅拌均匀，通过双螺杆挤出机混合、塑化、均化、熔融，切粒机剪切，制备出聚乙烯母粒；
S5.包装袋的制备：将制备好的聚乙烯母粒加人流延机中，将静电纺丝膜固定于流延辊上制得复合膜，所述流延辊转速为20r/min，然后加复合膜加工为包装袋。
实施例2
一种具有防锈功能的聚乙烯包装袋的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1.静电纺丝膜壳层纺丝液的制备：将氯化聚丙烯和纳米多孔粉体加入含有1-十二烷基-甲基咪唑六氟化硼的混合溶剂中，搅拌至氯化聚丙烯完全溶解，所述离子液体含量为3％，所述氯化聚丙烯的含量为20％，所述纳米多孔粉体的含量为6wt％，形成壳层纺丝液；
S2.静电纺丝膜芯层纺丝液的制备：将气相防锈剂加入至壳聚糖溶液中，气相防锈剂和壳聚糖溶液的质量比为1：50，壳聚糖溶液的浓度为16wt％，搅拌混合均匀，形成芯层纺丝液；
S3.静电纺丝膜的制备：将壳层纺丝液和芯层纺丝液以相应的电压和流速进行同轴静电纺，壳层纺丝液的流速为0.3mL/h，芯层纺丝液的速度0.2ml/L，电压18kV，接收距离20cm，得到静电纺丝膜；
S4.聚乙烯粒子的制备：将聚乙烯树脂和助剂进行混合，充分搅拌均匀，通过双螺杆挤出机混合、塑化、均化、熔融，切粒机剪切，制备出聚乙烯母粒；
S5.包装袋的制备：将制备好的聚乙烯母粒加人流延机中，将静电纺丝膜固定于流延辊上制得复合膜，所述流延辊转速为40r/min，然后加复合膜加工为包装袋。
实施例3
一种具有防锈功能的聚乙烯包装袋的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1.静电纺丝膜壳层纺丝液的制备：将氯化聚丙烯和纳米多孔粉体加入含有1-十二烷基-甲基咪唑六氟化硼的混合溶剂中，搅拌至氯化聚丙烯完全溶解，所述离子液体含量为3％，所述氯化聚丙烯的含量为16％，所述纳米多孔粉体的含量为4wt％，形成壳层纺丝液；
S2.静电纺丝膜芯层纺丝液的制备：将气相防锈剂加入至壳聚糖溶液中，气相防锈剂和壳聚糖溶液的质量比为1：35，壳聚糖溶液的浓度为13wt％，搅拌混合均匀，形成芯层纺丝液；
S3.静电纺丝膜的制备：将壳层纺丝液和芯层纺丝液以相应的电压和流速进行同轴静电纺，壳层纺丝液的流速为0.1mL/h，芯层纺丝液的速度0.12ml/L，电压15kV，接收距离20cm，得到静电纺丝膜；
S4.聚乙烯粒子的制备：将聚乙烯树脂和助剂进行混合，充分搅拌均匀，通过双螺杆挤出机混合、塑化、均化、熔融，切粒机剪切，制备出聚乙烯母粒；
S5.包装袋的制备：将制备好的聚乙烯母粒加人流延机中，将静电纺丝膜固定于流延辊上制得复合膜，所述流延辊转速为25r/min，然后加复合膜加工为包装袋。
实施例4
一种具有防锈功能的聚乙烯包装袋的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1.静电纺丝膜壳层纺丝液的制备：将氯化聚丙烯和纳米多孔粉体加入含有1-十二烷基-甲基咪唑六氟化硼的混合溶剂中，搅拌至氯化聚丙烯完全溶解，所述离子液体含量为3％，所述氯化聚丙烯的含量为18％，所述纳米多孔粉体的含量为5wt％，形成壳层纺丝液；
S2.静电纺丝膜芯层纺丝液的制备：将气相防锈剂加入至壳聚糖溶液中，气相防锈剂和壳聚糖溶液的质量比为1：45，壳聚糖溶液的浓度为15wt％，搅拌混合均匀，形成芯层纺丝液；
S3.静电纺丝膜的制备：将壳层纺丝液和芯层纺丝液以相应的电压和流速进行同轴静电纺，壳层纺丝液的流速为0.2mL/h，芯层纺丝液的速度0.16ml/L，电压16kV，接收距离20cm，得到静电纺丝膜；
S4.聚乙烯粒子的制备：将聚乙烯树脂和助剂进行混合，充分搅拌均匀，通过双螺杆挤出机混合、塑化、均化、熔融，切粒机剪切，制备出聚乙烯母粒；
S5.包装袋的制备：将制备好的聚乙烯母粒加人流延机中，将静电纺丝膜固定于流延辊上制得复合膜，所述流延辊转速为35r/min，然后加复合膜加工为包装袋。
实施例5
一种具有防锈功能的聚乙烯包装袋的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1.静电纺丝膜壳层纺丝液的制备：将氯化聚丙烯和纳米多孔粉体加入含有1-十二烷基-甲基咪唑六氟化硼的混合溶剂中，搅拌至氯化聚丙烯完全溶解，所述离子液体含量为3％，所述氯化聚丙烯的含量为17％，所述纳米多孔粉体的含量为4.5wt％，形成壳层纺丝液；
S2.静电纺丝膜芯层纺丝液的制备：将气相防锈剂加入至壳聚糖溶液中，气相防锈剂和壳聚糖溶液的质量比为1：40，壳聚糖溶液的浓度为14wt％，搅拌混合均匀，形成芯层纺丝液；
S3.静电纺丝膜的制备：将壳层纺丝液和芯层纺丝液以相应的电压和流速进行同轴静电纺，壳层纺丝液的流速为0.15mL/h，芯层纺丝液的速度0.14ml/L，电压15kV，接收距离20cm，得到静电纺丝膜；
S4.聚乙烯粒子的制备：将聚乙烯树脂和助剂进行混合，充分搅拌均匀，通过双螺杆挤出机混合、塑化、均化、熔融，切粒机剪切，制备出聚乙烯母粒；
S5.包装袋的制备：将制备好的聚乙烯母粒加人流延机中，将静电纺丝膜固定于流延辊上制得复合膜，所述流延辊转速为30r/min，然后加复合膜加工为包装袋。
性能测试：以上实施例除了限定参数的区别，其他材料的使用，以及未限定的参数均相同。力学性能：按GB/T 1040.3-2006测试拉伸断裂强度，拉伸速度为500mm/min；
按GB/T 19532-2018测试防锈性能。
Claims (8)
1.一种具有防锈功能的聚乙烯包装袋，其特征在于，所述包装袋为复合层结构，所述复合层包括静电纺丝层和流延聚乙烯层，所述静电纺丝层为含气相防锈剂的静电纺丝层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的具有防锈功能的聚乙烯包装袋，其特征在于：所述静电纺丝层为壳-芯型静电纺丝膜，壳为氯化聚丙烯，芯为负载气相防锈剂的壳聚糖。
3.一种具有防锈功能的聚乙烯包装袋的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1.静电纺丝膜壳层纺丝液的制备：将氯化聚丙烯和纳米多孔粉体加入含有离子液体的混合溶剂中，搅拌至氯化聚丙烯完全溶解，形成壳层纺丝液；
S2.静电纺丝膜芯层纺丝液的制备：将气相防锈剂加入至壳聚糖溶液中，搅拌混合均匀，形成芯层纺丝液；
S3.静电纺丝膜的制备：将壳层纺丝液和芯层纺丝液以相应的电压和流速进行同轴静电纺，得到静电纺丝膜；
S4.聚乙烯粒子的制备：将聚乙烯树脂和助剂进行混合，充分搅拌均匀，通过双螺杆挤出机混合、塑化、均化、熔融，切粒机剪切，制备出聚乙烯母粒；
S5.包装袋的制备：将制备好的聚乙烯母粒加人流延机中，将静电纺丝膜固定于流延辊上制得复合膜，然后加复合膜加工为包装袋。
4.根据权利要求3所述具有防锈功能的聚乙烯包装袋的制备方法，其特征在于：所述离子液体为1-十二烷基-甲基咪唑六氟化硼，所述混合溶剂为二甲苯和环己酮的混合溶剂，所述离子液体含量为3％，所述氯化聚丙烯的含量为15-20％，所述纳米多孔粉体的含量为2.5-6wt％。
5.根据权利要求3所述具有防锈功能的聚乙烯包装袋的制备方法，其特征在于：所述纳米多孔粉体为多孔纳米碳酸钙，多孔纳米二氧化硅或多孔纳米二氧化钛中的任意一种。
6.根据权利要求3所述具有防锈功能的聚乙烯包装袋的制备方法，其特征在于：所述气相防锈剂和壳聚糖溶液的质量比为1：30-50。
7.根据权利要求3所述具有防锈功能的聚乙烯包装袋的制备方法，其特征在于：所述壳层纺丝液的流速为0.1-0.3mL/h，芯层纺丝液的速度0.1-0.2ml/L，电压14-18kV，接收距离20cm。
8.根据权利要求3所述具有防锈功能的聚乙烯包装袋的制备方法，其特征在于：所述流延辊转速为20-40r/min。
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