CN113017874A - Design and manufacturing method of complex porous implant based on beam-based structure - Google Patents
Design and manufacturing method of complex porous implant based on beam-based structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN113017874A CN113017874A CN202110273844.3A CN202110273844A CN113017874A CN 113017874 A CN113017874 A CN 113017874A CN 202110273844 A CN202110273844 A CN 202110273844A CN 113017874 A CN113017874 A CN 113017874A
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- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000006386 Bone Resorption Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010068975 Bone atrophy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000024279 bone resorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004513 dentition Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
- A61C8/0018—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the shape
- A61C8/0037—Details of the shape
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
- A61C8/0018—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the shape
- A61C8/0037—Details of the shape
- A61C2008/0046—Textured surface, e.g. roughness, microstructure
Abstract
A design and manufacturing method of a complex porous implant based on a beam-based structure relates to the technical field of endoprostheses. The complex porous implant design method based on the beam-based structure comprises the steps of firstly collecting the data of the bone part of a patient to be repaired, and establishing a model of the bone part of the patient to be repaired; establishing an implant model for repairing the bone part, and dividing the implant model into a porous design area and a compact solid non-design area; designing a porous design area into a conformal porous shape formed by splicing a plurality of beam-based structures; establishing a finite element analysis model of the implant-bone part to be repaired, and optimizing to obtain a beam foundation structure optimal distribution cloud chart recording the diameter of each beam foundation structure in the porous design area; and changing the diameter of each beam base structure in the porous design area on the basis of the optimal distribution cloud picture of the beam base structure to obtain the complex porous implant model. By utilizing the design method provided by the invention, the optimized complex porous implant can be quickly obtained, and the mechanical property is better.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of endoprostheses.
Background
At present, the number of the patients with tooth deficiency in China is huge, the morbidity of the people with tooth body and dentition defects reaches 53 percent, hundreds of millions of teeth in China are preliminarily estimated, and the implanted teeth have the advantages of attractive appearance, comfort, durability, easiness in cleaning and the like, so that the preferred repairing mode of the patients with tooth deficiency is provided.
The implant is a classic implant, and the processing mode is that pure titanium or titanium alloy is used as a raw material to produce a compact implant by machining, so that the elastic modulus of the produced compact implant and bone is not matched, stress shielding phenomenon or surrounding bone atrophy can be caused, the implant is loosened or sunk, and finally the implant is failed.
In the prior art, unit structures such as diamond units, cubic units and the like are uniformly filled in an array, and the surface of an implant is made into a regular porous structure, so that the porous surface of the porous implant structure generated by the method has a damaged or isolated island effect, and is limited by the level of a processing technology, and the adjustable range of the pore size of a small part of the implant is small;
in the prior art, a porous implant with irregular pore shapes is processed by a technological means to reduce the equivalent elastic modulus of the implant, but the stress distribution of the porous structure of the implant, the fatigue performance of the porous implant, the bone resorption degree and the mechanical properties of surrounding bones are not considered, and the mechanical properties are not good.
In the prior art, a finite element analysis technology is also utilized, the porosity of different parts of the implant is obtained by performing finite element analysis and topology optimization, then materials corresponding to different parts of the implant are deleted to realize corresponding porosity, but the porosity is adjusted and set once, modeling is required to be performed again to generate a porous structure, whether the generated porous structure can be subjected to additive manufacturing is evaluated again, if the porous structure cannot be subjected to additive manufacturing, the porous structure needs to be generated again to be evaluated again, a large amount of time is wasted, even the porous structure cannot be converged on an actual solution within reasonable time, and the popularization and application of the personalized implant are not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a design and manufacturing method of a complex porous implant based on a beam-based structure, which can quickly obtain an optimized complex porous implant with better mechanical properties.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme.
1. The design method of the complex porous implant based on the beam-based structure comprises the following steps:
collecting the data of the bone part of the patient to be repaired, and establishing a model of the bone part of the patient to be repaired;
establishing an implant model for repairing the bone part, and dividing the implant model into a porous design area and a compact solid non-design area;
designing a porous design area into a conformal porous shape formed by splicing a plurality of beam-based structures;
establishing a finite element analysis model of an implant-bone part to be repaired, taking the diameter of each beam foundation structure as a design variable, and taking the porosity, the structural strength, the fatigue strength, the processing size constraint, the bone absorption and the peripheral bone mechanics stimulation of a porous design area as constraint conditions of structural optimization to carry out size optimization on the porous design area so as to obtain a beam foundation structure optimal distribution cloud chart of the porous design area, wherein the cloud chart records the diameter of each beam foundation structure in the porous design area;
and changing the diameter of each beam base structure in the porous design area on the basis of the optimal distribution cloud picture of the beam base structure to obtain the complex porous implant model.
Compared with the scheme in the prior art, the minimum part of the design method of the complex porous implant based on the beam-based structure is the beam-based structure, the diameter of each beam-based structure can be adjusted according to the result of finite element analysis, the porosity of different parts of the formed porous structure can be changed according to the stress of different parts of the implant in the implantation environment, the situation can be closer to the real stress situation of real bones, the mechanical shielding is reduced, and the mechanical property of the implant is better.
The method for designing the complex porous implant based on the beam-based structure comprises the steps of firstly constructing an implant model with a porous structure, and then carrying out topology optimization to obtain the complex porous implant model. Compared with the prior art, the prior art utilizes a finite element analysis technology to obtain the porosities of different parts of the implant by performing finite element analysis and topology optimization, and then deletes the materials of the different parts of the implant to realize the corresponding porosities, but the porous structure needs to be re-modeled after each adjustment and setting of the porosity, and whether the generated porous structure can be subjected to additive manufacturing is re-evaluated, if the porous structure cannot be subjected to additive manufacturing, the porous structure needs to be re-generated again, and the method wastes a large amount of time and even cannot be converged on an actual solution within reasonable time. According to the design method of the complex porous implant based on the beam-based structure, the representative unit cell unit is selected according to different requirements, such as different parts of the implant implanted into a human body, an implant model with the porous structure is constructed in advance, and the model can directly obtain a model which meets preset changes and can be manufactured after finite element analysis and topology optimization, so that the steps of repeated checking calculation are reduced, a large amount of time is saved, and the popularization and application of the personalized implant are facilitated.
2. According to the method for designing a complex porous implant based on a beam-based structure in claim 1, the bone site data to be repaired includes CT data and/or MRI data.
3. According to the method for designing the complex porous implant based on the beam-based structure in the technical scheme 1, the porosity of the porous design area is 60% -95%, the pore diameter of the porous design area is larger than 100 μm, and the diameter of the beam-based structure is 100 μm-500 μm.
4. According to the method for designing the complex porous implant based on the beam-based structure in the technical scheme 1, the cross section of the beam-based structure is circular, rectangular, triangular or I-shaped.
5. According to the method for designing the complex porous implant based on the beam-based structure in the technical scheme 1, the unit cell unit of the porous design area is a cubic unit or a diamond unit or a dodecahedron unit, and the unit cell unit is a single pore structure formed by the beam-based structure in the porous design area.
6. A beam-based structure-based complex porous implant manufacturing method is characterized in that a complex porous implant model is obtained by applying any one of the beam-based structure-based complex porous implant design methods described in technical schemes 1-5, and an implant is obtained by processing according to the implant model by using an additive manufacturing technology.
According to the complex porous implant manufacturing method based on the beam-based structure, the implant is obtained by processing through the additive manufacturing technology, because the traditional material reduction manufacturing technology is limited by the size of a cutter or the influence of light shielding, the processing of a porous structure and a hollowed-out structure is difficult to realize, and compared with the traditional material reduction manufacturing technology, the gradient porous structure which is designed can be quickly and accurately manufactured according to a three-dimensional model through the additive manufacturing technology.
7. The method for manufacturing the complex porous implant based on the beam-based structure according to the technical scheme 6 further comprises a post-treatment step, wherein the post-treatment step comprises the working procedures of heat treatment, support removal, grinding, polishing and acid pickling.
8. The method for manufacturing a complex porous implant based on a beam-based structure according to claim 6, wherein the additive manufacturing technology comprises a selective laser melting or electron beam melting printing technology.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is one of implant models designed based on the complex porous implant design method of the beam-based structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second implant model designed based on the method for designing a complex porous implant with a beam-based structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a third implant model designed based on the method for designing a complex porous implant with a beam-based structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a fourth implant model designed based on the complex porous implant design method of the beam-based structure of the present invention;
reference numerals:
a porous design area 1, a beam base structure 11, a unit cell unit 12;
a non-design region 2.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
The complex porous implant design method based on the beam-based structure collects CT data and/or MRI data of a bone part to be repaired of a patient, and establishes a CAD model of the bone part to be repaired of the patient by using a computer-aided technology.
As shown in fig. 2, an implant CAD model for repairing the bone part is created, and the implant model is divided into a porous design region 1 and a dense solid non-design region 2.
The following constraints are followed: the porosity range of the porous design area 1 is 60% -95%, the pore diameter of the porous design area 1 is larger than 100 micrometers, the diameter range of the beam-based structure 11 is 100 micrometers-500 micrometers, and the porous design area 1 is designed to be in a conformal porous shape which is formed by splicing a plurality of diamond-shaped unit cell units 12 formed by the beam-based structures 11 with circular cross sections. In other embodiments, the beam-based structure 11 may also be rectangular, triangular or i-shaped in cross section, and the unit cell units 12 shown in fig. 3 and 4 may also be cubic units or dodecahedral units.
Establishing a finite element analysis model of an implant-bone part to be repaired, taking the diameter of each beam-based structure 11 as a design variable, and taking the porosity, the structural strength, the fatigue strength, the processing size constraint, the bone absorption and the peripheral bone mechanical stimulation of the porous design area 1 as the constraint conditions of structural optimization to carry out size optimization on the porous design area 1, so as to obtain an optimal distribution cloud chart of the beam-based structure 11 of the porous design area 1, wherein the cloud chart records the diameter of each beam-based structure 11 in the porous design area 1;
based on the optimal distribution cloud picture of the beam base structures 11, the diameter of each beam base structure 11 in the porous design area 1 is changed, the diameter is led into a 3-matic to reconstruct an STL model, and as shown in the figure 1, a complex porous implant model is obtained.
Processing the complex porous implant model by using a selective laser melting technology in an additive manufacturing technology, and performing post-processing steps such as heat treatment, support removal, grinding, polishing and acid pickling processes, wherein in other embodiments, the additive manufacturing technology further comprises an electron beam melting printing technology
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The design method of the complex porous implant based on the beam-based structure is characterized in that:
collecting the data of the bone part of the patient to be repaired, and establishing a model of the bone part of the patient to be repaired;
establishing an implant model for repairing the bone part, and dividing the implant model into a porous design area and a compact solid non-design area;
designing a porous design area into a conformal porous shape formed by splicing a plurality of beam-based structures;
establishing a finite element analysis model of an implant-bone part to be repaired, taking the diameter of each beam foundation structure as a design variable, and taking the porosity, the structural strength, the fatigue strength, the processing size constraint, the bone absorption and the peripheral bone mechanics stimulation of a porous design area as constraint conditions of structural optimization to carry out size optimization on the porous design area so as to obtain a beam foundation structure optimal distribution cloud chart of the porous design area, wherein the cloud chart records the diameter of each beam foundation structure in the porous design area;
and changing the diameter of each beam base structure in the porous design area on the basis of the optimal distribution cloud picture of the beam base structure to obtain the complex porous implant model.
2. The beam-based structure complex porous implant design method of claim 1, wherein the bone site data to be repaired comprises CT data and/or MRI data.
3. The method for designing a complex porous implant based on a beam-based structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the porosity of the porous design area is in the range of 60% -95%, the pore size of the porous design area is > 100 μm, and the diameter of the beam-based structure is in the range of 100 μm-500 μm.
4. The method for designing a complex porous implant based on a beam-based structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cross section of the beam-based structure is circular, rectangular, triangular or I-shaped.
5. The method for designing a complex porous implant based on a beam-based structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the unit cell unit of the porous design region is a cubic unit or a diamond unit or a dodecahedral unit, and the unit cell unit is a single pore structure composed of the beam-based structure in the porous design region.
6. A beam-based structure-based complex porous implant manufacturing method, characterized in that a complex porous implant model is obtained by applying the beam-based structure-based complex porous implant design method of any one of claims 1 to 5, and an implant is obtained by processing according to the implant model by using an additive manufacturing technology.
7. The method of manufacturing a complex porous implant based on a beam-based structure according to claim 6, further comprising a post-treatment step, wherein the post-treatment step comprises the processes of heat treatment, support removal, grinding, polishing and acid pickling.
8. The method of manufacturing a complex porous implant based on a beam-based structure, according to claim 6, characterized in that the additive manufacturing technique comprises a laser selective melting or electron beam melting printing technique.
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2021
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