CN114587713A - Porous support structure for bone repair implant and processing method thereof - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/28—Bones
- A61F2/2846—Support means for bone substitute or for bone graft implants, e.g. membranes or plates for covering bone defects
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/3094—Designing or manufacturing processes
- A61F2/30942—Designing or manufacturing processes for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, CT or NMR scans, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30003—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis
- A61F2002/30004—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis the prosthesis being made from materials having different values of a given property at different locations within the same prosthesis
- A61F2002/30011—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis the prosthesis being made from materials having different values of a given property at different locations within the same prosthesis differing in porosity
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/3094—Designing or manufacturing processes
- A61F2002/30985—Designing or manufacturing processes using three dimensional printing [3DP]
Abstract
The invention discloses a porous scaffold structure for a bone repair implant and a processing method thereof. The porous support structure comprises at least one arch-like bridge structure unit; the arch-like bridge structure unit is of a body-centered cubic lattice structure and comprises a bearing body, eight connectors and eight arch-like beams, wherein the bearing body is positioned in the center of the body-centered cubic lattice, the eight connectors are respectively positioned at eight vertexes of the body-centered cubic lattice, and two ends of each arch-like beam are respectively connected with the bearing body and the connectors. By simulating the appearance structure and the mechanical conduction mode of the arch bridge, the forces from different directions on the surface of the porous support structure can be conducted to the bearing bodies and the connecting bodies of all the simulated arch bridge structure units in the porous support structure through the arch beams, so that the aim of improving the mechanical bearing capacity of the porous implant is fulfilled. The porous support also has the advantages of good connectivity, adjustable aperture and porosity, elastic modulus similar to that of natural bone tissue and the like, and can effectively prevent the generation of stress shielding effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a porous support structure for a bone repair implant and a processing method thereof.
Background
Bone repair and bone replacement are increasingly required due to diseases, trauma, aging, and the like. However, autologous bone graft materials have the disadvantages of limited sources, supply area complications and the like, and allogeneic bone grafts have the risks of immune reactions, disease transmission and the like. Therefore, bone implants represented by titanium alloys are one of the most common methods for clinical treatment of diseases associated with bone defects. However, the conventional solid metal implant is prone to poor osseointegration and stress shielding due to its high inertia, high strength, mismatched mechanical properties, etc.
Recent studies have shown that the three-dimensionally connected porous structure design can significantly reduce the apparent elastic modulus of the implant and provide a growth space for the ingrowth of new tissue, thereby improving osseointegration effects, preventing stress shielding problems, and shortening the healing time of diseases associated with bone defects. Currently common bone implant porous structure designs include two main types: the bionic porous bone repair scaffold is obtained by a top-down design method based on a medical image reconstruction technology through CT scanning and a three-dimensional reconstruction technology. Although the method can obtain a pore structure close to natural bone tissues, active regulation of the porous structure and mechanical properties of the implant is difficult to realize. Another design for bone implant porous structures is a "bottom-up" design method developed based on CAD software modeling. Compared with the former method, the method has very large degree of freedom, so that designers can easily regulate and control the properties of the developed porous implant such as aperture, porosity, pore connectivity, elastic modulus, mechanical strength and the like. However, most of the porous support structures reported in the current research are formed by connecting linear beams, and the stress mutation is easy to occur in the beam and the connection part between the beams, so that the integral bearing strength is low, and the performance requirement of the implant on high mechanical bearing is difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a porous support structure for a bone repair implant, the porous support structure can convert shearing force from different directions on the surface of the porous support structure into compressive stress through an arch beam by simulating the appearance structure and the mechanical conduction mode of an arch bridge and conduct the compressive stress to a bearing body and a connecting body of each simulated arch bridge structural unit in the porous support structure, so that the mechanical bearing capacity of the porous implant is improved; meanwhile, the porous bracket with the arch bridge imitating structure also has the advantages of good connectivity, adjustable aperture and porosity, similar elastic modulus to natural bone tissue and the like, can effectively prevent the generation of stress shielding effect, endows the bracket with good cell proliferation promoting capability and achieves better osseointegration effect.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing the porous scaffold for bone repair implant.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a porous scaffold structure for a bone repair implant comprising at least one pseudo-arch bridge structural unit;
the arch-like bridge structure unit is of a body-centered cubic lattice structure and comprises a bearing body, eight connectors and eight arch-like beams, wherein the bearing body is positioned in the center of the body-centered cubic lattice, the eight connectors are respectively positioned at eight vertexes of the body-centered cubic lattice, and two ends of each arch-like beam are respectively connected with the bearing body and the connectors.
Furthermore, the bearing body is a sphere, and the sphere center of the bearing body is positioned at the center of the body center cubic crystal.
Further, the connector is a quarter sphere, and the sphere center of the connector is positioned at the vertex of the body-centered cubic lattice.
Further, the cross-sectional shape of the arched beam is circular.
Furthermore, the diameter of the bearing body is D, the diameter of the connecting body is E, the diameter of the cross section of the arched beam is F, and the relation between the geometric parameters satisfies that D is more than or equal to E and more than F and more than 0.
Furthermore, a plurality of arch bridge imitating structural units with the same geometric parameters are periodically distributed in an array along the direction of the X, Y, Z axis in a three-dimensional space to form a homogeneously-arranged porous scaffold structure.
Furthermore, a plurality of arch bridge imitating structural units with different geometric parameters are periodically distributed in an array along the direction of the X, Y, Z axis in a three-dimensional space to form a porous scaffold structure in heterogeneous arrangement.
Further, the porosity of the porous scaffold structure is 10% -90%.
Further, the porous support structure is made of titanium alloy.
The other technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the processing method of the porous support structure for the bone repair implant comprises the following steps:
step S1: presetting geometric parameters of a load bearing body, an arched beam, a connecting body and a body-centered cubic lattice, drawing a required arch bridge imitating structure unit through three-dimensional modeling software, and converting the arch bridge imitating structure unit into a stl format file;
step S2: opening and placing a bone implant model file needing to be filled with a porous structure through Magics software, applying a 'structure' command under a toolbar, selecting a drawn arch bridge-like structure unit, setting an amplification scale of a filling structure, and performing porous filling and repairing on the bone implant model;
step S3: applying a support command to add a 3D printing support structure for the repaired porous bone implant model, and storing the support structure in a file format which can be recognized by 3D printing equipment;
step S4: and (5) importing the file in the step S3 into corresponding 3D printing equipment for printing and molding to obtain a final porous support structure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the porous support structure can convert the shearing force from different directions on the surface of the porous support structure into the compressive stress through the arch-shaped beam by simulating the appearance structure and the mechanical conduction mode of the arch bridge, and conduct the compressive stress to the bearing bodies and the connecting bodies of all the arch-shaped bridge structure units in the porous support structure, thereby effectively reducing the stress concentration condition of the connecting parts between the beams and improving the mechanical bearing capacity of the porous implant.
(2) The porous scaffold structure can be formed into a homogeneously-arranged porous scaffold structure by periodically distributing a plurality of arch bridge-like structure units with the same geometric parameters in a three-dimensional space along the X, Y, Z axis direction in an array manner; the porous scaffold structure in heterogeneous arrangement can also be formed by periodically distributing a plurality of arch bridge-like structure units with different geometric parameters in a three-dimensional space along the X, Y, Z axis direction in an array manner, so that the construction requirements of users on the porous scaffold structure in heterogeneous arrangement can be met.
(3) The porous scaffold structure can obtain a porosity, compressive strength and elastic model close to natural cortical bone or cancellous bone by independently or simultaneously regulating and controlling the geometric parameters of the load-bearing body, the arched beam and the connecting body, thereby providing a proper mechanical microenvironment and tissue microenvironment for the adhesion growth of cells and the transmission of nutrient substances, and effectively promoting the regeneration and ingrowth of bone tissues.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an arch-like bridge structural unit of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the pseudo arch bridge structural unit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a top view of an arched bridge construction unit of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a front view of a porous scaffold structure of the invention.
FIG. 5 is a top view of a porous scaffold structure of the invention.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a porous scaffold structure of the invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of porous scaffold structures of different porosities.
FIG. 7a is a schematic representation of a porous scaffold structure with 10% porosity.
FIG. 7b is a schematic representation of a porous scaffold structure of 75% porosity.
Figure 7c is a schematic representation of a porous scaffold structure of 90% porosity.
FIG. 8 is a schematic representation of a different arrangement of porous scaffold structures of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a comparison graph of mechanical properties of the titanium alloy bracket of the arch bridge-like structural unit, the titanium alloy bracket of the diamond structure and the titanium alloy bracket of the cubic truss structure.
FIG. 10 is a graph comparing the compressive stress-strain curves of a titanium alloy stent of an arch bridge-like structural unit with a diamond-structured titanium alloy stent and a cubic truss-structured titanium alloy stent at a porosity of 60%.
FIG. 11 is a comparison chart of the elasticity modulus test of the titanium alloy bracket of the arch bridge imitating structural unit, the titanium alloy bracket of the diamond structure and the titanium alloy bracket of the cubic truss structure.
FIG. 12 is a comparison graph of the test results of the imitated arch bridge structural unit titanium alloy bracket and a non-porous control sample CCK8 under different pore sizes.
The artificial arch bridge structure comprises an artificial arch bridge structure unit 1, a bearing body 11, a connecting body 12 and an arch beam 13.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a porous scaffold structure for a bone repair implant, comprising a pseudo-arch bridge structural unit 1.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the arch-like bridge structure unit is a body-centered cubic lattice structure, and includes a load-bearing body 11, eight connectors 12 and eight arch-like beams 13, the load-bearing body is located at the center of the body-centered cubic lattice, the eight connectors are respectively located at eight vertexes of the body-centered cubic lattice, two ends of each arch-like beam are respectively connected with the load-bearing body and the connectors, and the cross section of each arch-like beam is circular.
As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6, the bearing body is a sphere, the sphere center of the bearing body is located at the center of the body-centered cubic lattice, the connecting body is a quarter of a sphere, the sphere center of the connecting body is located at the vertex of the body-centered cubic lattice, each vertex of the body-centered cubic lattice is occupied by four connecting bodies of an arch-like bridge structure, the four connecting bodies at each vertex form a complete sphere, and the sphere centers of the four connecting bodies at each vertex are located at the vertices.
The pore diameter of the porous support structure can be adjusted by enlarging the size of the arch bridge imitating structural unit in equal proportion.
The porosity of the porous support structure is 10% -90%, the porosity of the porous support structure can be adjusted by changing the diameter D of a bearing body, the diameter E of a connecting body and the diameter F of the section of the arched beam in the arched bridge structure unit, and the relationship among all geometric parameters meets the condition that D is more than or equal to E and more than F and more than 0. As shown in fig. 7, a porous scaffold of 10% porosity, 75% porosity and 90% porosity, respectively.
A plurality of arch bridge imitating structural units with the same geometric parameters are periodically distributed in an array along the direction of the X, Y, Z axis in a three-dimensional space to form a homogeneously arranged porous scaffold structure.
As shown in fig. 8, a plurality of arch bridge-like structure units with different geometric parameters are periodically distributed in a three-dimensional space along the direction of X, Y, Z axis to form a porous scaffold structure in heterogeneous arrangement, where the porous scaffold structure in heterogeneous arrangement includes a porous scaffold structure arranged according to gradient porosity and a porous scaffold structure arranged according to gradient pore size, so as to meet the construction requirement of a user on the porous scaffold structure in heterogeneous arrangement.
A method for constructing a porous scaffold structure for a bone repair implant having a size of 100mm x 100mm, a porosity of 90%, and a number of repeating structural units of 10 in a uniaxial direction, the above porous scaffold structure for a bone repair implant being fabricated, comprising the steps of,
step S1: selecting a bearing body with the diameter of 4mm, a connecting body with the diameter of 2.5mm and an arched beam with the section radius of 1.5mm, drawing an arched bridge structure unit with the unit structure size of 10mm multiplied by 10mm through Solid Works three-dimensional modeling software, and converting the unit into a stl format file.
Step S2: a cube model with the overall dimension of 100mm multiplied by 100mm is constructed through Solid Works three-dimensional modeling software to serve as a support overall structure model to be filled with the arch bridge imitating structure units, and the support overall structure model is converted into a stl format file.
Step S3: and opening the Magics software, constructing a corresponding printing forming space in the Magics software according to the forming requirements of the selected 3D printing process and equipment, importing the support appearance structure model drawn in the step S2, and reasonably placing the stl file in the forming space.
Step S4: and (4) after the placed support appearance structure model is selected, applying a structure command under a toolbar, importing and selecting the arch bridge imitating structure unit drawn in the step S1 to fill and repair the support appearance structure model, and obtaining the porous support structure with the size of 100mm multiplied by 100mm, wherein the number of the repeated structure units in the single-axis direction is 10, and the porous support structure is used for the bone repair implant.
Step S5: and adding a 3D printing support structure for the repaired porous support structure by applying a support command, and storing the porous support structure in a file format which can be recognized by 3D printing equipment.
Step S6: and (4) guiding the 3D printing file generated in the step (S5) into a titanium alloy laser selective melting 3D printing device for printing and forming, and finishing post-treatment processes such as support removal, residual powder removal, grinding and polishing, cleaning and disinfection to obtain the porous titanium alloy scaffold for the bone repair implant, wherein the porous titanium alloy scaffold has the size of 100mm multiplied by 100mm, the porosity of about 90 percent and the number of 10 repeated structural units in the uniaxial direction.
The porosity of the porous support structure can be adjusted by changing the diameter D of a bearing body, the diameter E of a connecting body and the diameter F of the section of an arched beam in the arch bridge imitating structural unit.
As shown in fig. 9, the compressive strength of the titanium alloy stent of the arch-like bridge structural unit, the diamond-structured titanium alloy stent and the cubic truss-structured titanium alloy stent is gradually increased with the increase of the relative density, but the compressive strength of the titanium alloy stent of the arch-like bridge structural unit is significantly higher than that of the diamond-structured titanium alloy stent and the cubic truss-structured titanium alloy stent under the same porosity.
As shown in fig. 10, when the porosity is 60%, the compressive strength of each of the typical compressive stress-strain curves of the titanium alloy stent of the arch bridge-like structural unit, the titanium alloy stent of the diamond structure and the titanium alloy stent of the cubic truss structure gradually increases with the increase of the strain value, but the compressive strength of the titanium alloy stent of the arch bridge-like structural unit is significantly higher than that of the titanium alloy stent of the diamond structure and the titanium alloy stent of the cubic truss structure.
As shown in fig. 11, the results of the elastic modulus test of the titanium alloy bracket of the arch bridge-like structural unit, the titanium alloy bracket of the diamond structure and the titanium alloy bracket of the cubic truss structure. The titanium alloy scaffolds of different structures printed all exhibited an elastic modulus between that of cancellous bone and that of cortical bone.
As shown in fig. 12, the results of the test of the arch bridge-like structural unit titanium alloy scaffold and the non-porous control sample CCK8 under different pore sizes. The titanium alloy bracket of the arch bridge-like structural unit has better cell proliferation promoting capacity.
As mentioned above, the present invention can be better realized, and the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention; all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the present disclosure are intended to be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A porous scaffold structure for a bone repair implant, comprising at least one pseudo-arch bridge structural unit;
the arch-like bridge structure unit is of a body-centered cubic lattice structure and comprises a bearing body, eight connectors and eight arch-like beams, wherein the bearing body is positioned in the center of the body-centered cubic lattice, the eight connectors are respectively positioned at eight vertexes of the body-centered cubic lattice, and two ends of each arch-like beam are respectively connected with the bearing body and the connectors.
2. The porous scaffold structure for a bone repair implant according to claim 1, wherein said load bearing bodies are spheres, the sphere centers of which are located in a cubic lattice at the body center.
3. The porous scaffold structure for a bone repair implant according to claim 1, wherein the connectors are quarter spheres, the sphere centers of the connectors being located at the vertices of a body-centered cubic lattice.
4. The porous scaffold structure for a bone repair implant of claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the arched beam is circular.
5. The porous scaffold structure for a bone repair implant according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the bearing body is D, the diameter of the connecting body is E, the diameter of the cross section of the arched girder is F, and the relationship between the geometric parameters satisfies D ≧ E > F > 0.
6. The porous scaffold structure for a bone repair implant according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of arch bridge-like structural units having the same geometric parameters are periodically distributed in three-dimensional space along the direction of X, Y, Z axis in an array to form a homogeneously arranged porous scaffold structure.
7. The porous scaffold structure for a bone repair implant of claim 5, wherein a plurality of arcade bridge structure units with different geometrical parameters are periodically arrayed in three-dimensional space along the direction of X, Y, Z axis to form a heterogeneous arrangement of porous scaffold structure.
8. The porous scaffold structure for a bone repair implant according to claim 1, wherein the porosity of the porous scaffold structure is 10-90%.
9. The porous scaffold structure for a bone repair implant of claim 1, wherein the porous scaffold structure is made of a titanium alloy.
10. Method of processing a porous scaffold structure for a bone repair implant according to any of claims 1-9, comprising the steps of:
step S1: presetting geometric parameters of a load bearing body, an arched beam, a connecting body and a body-centered cubic lattice, drawing a required arch bridge imitating structure unit through three-dimensional modeling software, and converting the arch bridge imitating structure unit into a stl format file;
step S2: opening and placing a bone implant model file needing to be filled with a porous structure through Magics software, applying a 'structure' command under a toolbar, selecting a drawn arch bridge-like structure unit, setting an amplification scale of a filling structure, and performing porous filling and repairing on the bone implant model;
step S3: applying a support command to add a 3D printing support structure for the repaired porous bone implant model, and storing the support structure in a file format which can be recognized by 3D printing equipment;
step S4: and (5) importing the file in the step S3 into corresponding 3D printing equipment, and printing and molding to obtain a final porous support structure.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115045025A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-09-13 | 瑛诺三维(上海)科技有限公司 | Method for generating three-dimensional printing woven structure |
| CN115585913A (en) * | 2022-12-08 | 2023-01-10 | 浙江大学 | Five-mode metamaterial, flexible shear stress sensor, and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN115045025B (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2023-08-22 | 瑛诺三维(上海)科技有限公司 | Method for generating three-dimensional printing knitting structure |
| CN115585913A (en) * | 2022-12-08 | 2023-01-10 | 浙江大学 | Five-mode metamaterial, flexible shear stress sensor, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115585913B (en) * | 2022-12-08 | 2023-09-12 | 浙江大学 | Five-mode metamaterial, flexible shear stress sensor, and preparation methods and applications thereof |
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