CN113008377A - Analysis method and suppression method for stray radiation of infrared optical system - Google Patents
Analysis method and suppression method for stray radiation of infrared optical system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an analysis method and a suppression method for stray radiation of an infrared optical system, wherein the analysis method for the stray radiation of the infrared optical system comprises the following steps: constructing an optical-mechanical analysis model in stray light analysis software based on an infrared optical system, and defining surface attributes of each optical-mechanical component in the optical-mechanical analysis model; a detector surface light source is arranged in an optical mechanical analysis model, a far-field receiver is arranged outside the optical mechanical analysis model, and reverse light path tracing is carried out on an infrared optical system so as to analyze the incident angle and the light path of external stray radiation. By adopting the invention, the rapid and comprehensive analysis of the external stray radiation of the infrared optical system can be realized, and the effective inhibition measures are provided, so that the influence of the external stray radiation on the infrared imaging system is obviously eliminated or inhibited.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of optics, in particular to an analysis method and a suppression method for stray radiation of an infrared optical system.
Background
The infrared thermal imaging optical system passively receives self radiation energy of an object and obtains a target image through photoelectric conversion. Any object in nature radiates energy outwards at any moment, so that when the target is subjected to infrared imaging, the influence of objects outside the target is inevitable. In infrared thermal imaging systems, the energy of radiation outside of these targets that passes through the optical system to the detector is collectively referred to as stray radiation. Stray radiation is mainly divided into external stray radiation caused by radiation sources outside the optical system and internal stray radiation caused by internal components of the optical system. For external stray radiation sources, solar radiation, ground radiation and the like are mainly used, and for internal stray radiation sources, the radiation of internal components is mainly used.
With the improvement of infrared detector materials and process levels, the response capability of the detector is increasingly improved, and meanwhile, the image contrast of an infrared thermal imaging system to a target is increasingly high, so that the influence of stray radiation on an infrared optical system is increasingly serious. Stray radiation not only reduces the signal-to-noise ratio of the infrared imaging system detector, but also directly overwhelms the normally imaged image when the energy of the stray radiation is too strong. It is therefore necessary to analyze the stray radiation of the infrared optical system and to propose a suppression measure.
In the stray radiation analysis method in the related art, after a light source is arranged, forward ray tracing is carried out, the stray radiation ray path is finally determined, and corresponding measures are provided. The method has the biggest problems that external stray radiation sources with different incidence angles need to be arranged in the simulation process to simulate the actual situation, the simulation efficiency is low, and certain light paths are easy to leak. Therefore, a fast, comprehensive and effective method for analyzing stray radiation of an infrared optical system needs to be found.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an analysis method and a suppression method for stray radiation of an infrared optical system, which are used for solving the problem of low efficiency of a stray radiation analysis method in the related art.
The method for analyzing the stray radiation of the infrared optical system comprises the following steps:
constructing an optical machine analysis model in stray light analysis software based on an infrared optical system, and performing surface attribute definition on each optical machine component in the optical machine analysis model;
the optical-mechanical analysis model is internally provided with a detector surface light source, a far-field receiver is arranged outside the optical-mechanical analysis model, and the infrared optical system is subjected to reverse light path tracing so as to analyze the incident angle and the light path of external stray radiation.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the far-field receiver is a sphere defined by a spherical coordinate system, the sphere has a radius r of infinity, a zenith angle θ of (180-2w) °, where 2w is a full field angle of the infrared optical system, and an azimuth angle Φ is 360 °.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the radiation characteristic of the detector surface light source is lambertian, and the radiation solid angle Ω satisfies the following relation:
wherein D is the aperture of the cold diaphragm of the detector, and L is the distance from the cold diaphragm to the target surface.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the temperature T of the detector surface light source is the detector operating temperature, the radiance is 1, and the radiance M satisfies the following relation:
wherein λ 1 and λ 2 are two end points of the response band range of the detector, and c1 is a first blackbody radiation constant; c2 is the second blackbody radiation constant.
The method for suppressing the stray radiation of the infrared optical system comprises the following steps:
analyzing the incident angle and the ray path of the stray radiation outside the infrared optical system by adopting the analysis method of the stray radiation of the infrared optical system;
and designing a corresponding inhibition measure for the infrared optical system based on the analysis result.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the inhibiting means comprises:
the inner wall surface of a lens barrel of the infrared optical system is provided with extinction threads so as to increase the reflection times or scattering times of light on the surface;
shielding the light leakage part in the infrared optical system;
and processing the inner wall surface of the lens barrel of the infrared optical system to increase the infrared radiation absorption rate of the surface.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the matt thread is an equidistant thread having a pitch p satisfying: p is more than or equal to 1.5mm and less than or equal to 5mm, and the tooth form angle alpha meets the following requirements: alpha is more than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 45 degrees.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the method further comprises:
an internal spurious radiation analysis is performed for the added suppression measures to ensure that the suppression measures do not introduce new internal radiated interference.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the analyzing for the added suppression measures for internal stray radiation comprises:
the radiation temperature was set at 70 ℃ and the radiation exit rate was equal to the surface absorptivity, and the added suppression measures were analyzed for internal stray radiation.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the method further comprises:
and evaluating the inhibition effect of the inhibition measure on the stray radiation through an actual imaging experiment.
By adopting the embodiment of the invention, the source of the stray radiation causing the optical system is confirmed through the imaging image of the infrared optical system. And establishing an optical-mechanical analysis model in stray light analysis software, and carrying out surface attribute setting on each optical-mechanical element. Set up the detector light source and carry out reverse ray tracing, fix a position outside stray radiation incident angle and light path fast to can realize that quick, the comprehensive analysis of the outside stray radiation of infrared optical system helps providing effectual suppression measure, finally obviously eliminate or suppress outside stray radiation to infrared imaging system's influence.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention are described below in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood and to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understandable.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for suppressing stray radiation from an infrared optical system in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical-mechanical analysis model according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of an exemplary opto-mechanical analysis model with a far-field receiver;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the tracking effect of light rays according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graphical illustration of the logarithm of the PST for a large field of view of an infrared optical system in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a graphical illustration of the logarithm of the PST for a small field of view of an infrared optical system in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a self-radial simulation image of a large-field extinction thread of an infrared optical system in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a self-radiation simulation image of a small field-of-view extinction thread of an infrared optical system in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating the actual imaging contrast of the large field of view of the infrared optical system before and after the addition of the extinction thread to the infrared optical system in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the actual imaging contrast of the small field of view of the infrared optical system before and after the addition of the extinction threads to the infrared optical system in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
An embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention provides an analysis method of stray radiation of an infrared optical system, including:
constructing an optical machine analysis model in stray light analysis software based on an infrared optical system, and performing surface attribute definition on each optical machine component in the optical machine analysis model;
the optical-mechanical analysis model is internally provided with a detector surface light source, a far-field receiver is arranged outside the optical-mechanical analysis model, and the infrared optical system is subjected to reverse light path tracing so as to analyze the incident angle and the light path of external stray radiation.
By adopting the embodiment of the invention, the source of the stray radiation causing the optical system is confirmed through the imaging image of the infrared optical system. And establishing an optical-mechanical analysis model in stray light analysis software, and carrying out surface attribute setting on each optical-mechanical element. Set up the detector light source and carry out reverse ray tracing, fix a position outside stray radiation incident angle and light path fast to can realize that quick, the comprehensive analysis of the outside stray radiation of infrared optical system helps providing effectual suppression measure, finally obviously eliminate or suppress outside stray radiation to infrared imaging system's influence.
On the basis of the above-described embodiment, various modified embodiments are further proposed, and it is to be noted herein that, in order to make the description brief, only the differences from the above-described embodiment are described in the various modified embodiments.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the far-field receiver is a sphere defined by a spherical coordinate system, the sphere has a radius r of infinity, a zenith angle θ of (180-2w) °, where 2w is a full field angle of the infrared optical system, and an azimuth angle Φ is 360 °.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the radiation characteristic of the detector surface light source is lambertian, and the radiation solid angle Ω satisfies the following relation:
wherein D is the aperture of the cold diaphragm of the detector, and L is the distance from the cold diaphragm to the target surface.
Therefore, the simulation efficiency can be improved, and useless working angles can be eliminated.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the temperature T of the detector surface light source is the detector operating temperature, the radiance is 1, and the radiance M satisfies the following relation:
wherein λ 1 and λ 2 are two end points of the response band range of the detector, and c1 is a first blackbody radiation constant; c2 is the second blackbody radiation constant.
Thus, the simulation accuracy can be improved.
The embodiment of the second aspect of the invention provides a method for suppressing stray radiation of an infrared optical system, which comprises the following steps:
analyzing the incident angle and the ray path of stray radiation outside the infrared optical system by adopting the method for analyzing the stray radiation of the infrared optical system according to the embodiment of the first aspect;
and designing a corresponding inhibition measure for the infrared optical system based on the analysis result.
By adopting the embodiment of the invention, the source of the stray radiation causing the optical system is confirmed through the imaging image of the infrared optical system. And establishing an optical-mechanical analysis model in stray light analysis software, and carrying out surface attribute setting on each optical-mechanical element. Set up the detector light source and carry out reverse ray tracing, fix a position outside stray radiation incident angle and light path fast to can realize that quick, the comprehensive analysis of the outside stray radiation of infrared optical system helps providing effectual suppression measure, finally obviously eliminate or suppress outside stray radiation to infrared imaging system's influence.
On the basis of the above-described embodiment, various modified embodiments are further proposed, and it is to be noted herein that, in order to make the description brief, only the differences from the above-described embodiment are described in the various modified embodiments.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the inhibiting means comprises:
the inner wall surface of a lens barrel of the infrared optical system is provided with extinction threads so as to increase the reflection times or scattering times of light on the surface;
shielding the light leakage part in the infrared optical system;
and processing the inner wall surface of the lens barrel of the infrared optical system to increase the infrared radiation absorption rate of the surface.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the matt thread is an equidistant thread having a pitch p satisfying: p is more than or equal to 1.5mm and less than or equal to 5mm, and the tooth form angle alpha meets the following requirements: alpha is more than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 45 degrees.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the method further comprises:
an internal spurious radiation analysis is performed for the added suppression measures to ensure that the suppression measures do not introduce new internal radiated interference.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the analyzing for the added suppression measures for internal stray radiation comprises:
the radiation temperature was set at 70 ℃ and the radiation exit rate was equal to the surface absorptivity, and the added suppression measures were analyzed for internal stray radiation.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the method further comprises:
and evaluating the inhibition effect of the inhibition measure on the stray radiation through an actual imaging experiment.
The method for analyzing stray radiation of an infrared optical system and the method for suppressing stray radiation of an infrared optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 10. It is to be understood that the following description is illustrative only and is not intended to be in any way limiting. All similar structures and similar variations thereof adopted by the invention are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for analyzing and suppressing stray radiation of an infrared optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
and 4, comparing images of the infrared optical system before and after the suppression measures are added through an actual imaging experiment, and verifying the suppression effect of the suppression measures on the stray radiation.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a model of optical-mechanical analysis in stray light analysis software of an infrared optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention, where table 1 is parameters of an infrared optical system to be analyzed according to an embodiment of the present invention, and table 2 is a surface property definition of an optical-mechanical component in the optical-mechanical analysis model.
TABLE 1 parameters of Infrared optical systems
| Operating band | 3.7-4.8μm |
| Focal length | The large field of view f is 200 mm; small field of view f 500mm |
| Angle of view | Large field of |
| F number | |
| 3 | |
| Detector specification | Number of pixels 640X 512, |
TABLE 2 surface Properties of opto-mechanical Components
In the embodiment of the invention, the far-field receiver is a spherical surface defined by a spherical coordinate system, the radius r of the spherical surface is infinite, the zenith angle theta is (180-2w) °, wherein 2w is the full field angle of the infrared optical system, and the azimuth angle phi is 360 degrees, which means that only the stray radiation condition outside the field of view of the optical system is analyzed.
Theoretically, when the stray radiation source enters the field of view of the optical system, the influence of the stray radiation on the optical system cannot be avoided. Therefore, the far-field receiver in the embodiment of the invention only considers the influence outside the field of view. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a far-field receiver in a simulation model.
In the embodiment of the invention, the radiation solid angle omega of the detector surface light source satisfies the following relation:
wherein D is the aperture of the cold diaphragm of the detector, and L is the distance from the cold diaphragm to the target surface.
The temperature T of the surface light source of the detector is set as the working temperature of the detector, the radiance is set as 1, and the radiance M of the surface light source meets the following requirements:
wherein λ 1 and λ 2 are two end points of the analysis detector response band range, and c1 is a first blackbody radiation constant; c2 is the second blackbody radiation constant. Table 3 sets forth the attributes of the detector surface light source.
TABLE 3 Attribute setting for Detector surface light sources
In an embodiment of the present invention, the suppression measures include: adding extinction threads on key surfaces such as the inner wall of the lens barrel and the like to increase the reflection or scattering times of light on the surfaces; shielding some light leakage places; carrying out surface treatment on the surface, oxidizing and blackening, and sandblasting to increase the infrared radiation absorption rate of the surface; the added suppression measures are subjected to internal radiation analysis and, if necessary, to image non-uniformity correction.
In the simulation model, the internal radiation analysis model of the suppression measure is set as: the radiation temperature was 70 ℃ and the radiation output was equal to the surface absorption.
The extinction threads are equidistant threads, the thread pitch p is more than or equal to 1.5mm and less than or equal to 5mm, and the tooth form angle alpha is more than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 45 degrees.
In the embodiment of the invention, after the stray radiation model of the infrared optical system is set, reverse ray tracing needs to be carried out, and the ray path causing the stray radiation is analyzed. The evaluation criterion of the stray radiation takes the point source transmittance PST as an evaluation index. The point source transmittance is defined as the ratio of irradiance Ed (theta) formed by a point light source with an off-axis angle theta on a detector through an optical system to equivalent irradiance Ei (theta) of the light source at an entrance pupil of the optical system, and the mathematical expression is as follows:
PST(θ)＝Ed(θ)/Ei(θ)。
the point source transmittance represents the suppression capability of the system on off-axis stray radiation, the smaller the numerical value is, the stronger the suppression capability is represented, and the smaller the influence of the stray radiation on the imaging of the system is.
By adopting the embodiment of the invention, according to the result of ray tracing, the ray paths of the stray radiation are firstly found, the incident angles of all the external stray radiation sources are determined according to the ray paths, the positions and the ray paths of all the external stray radiation sources can be obtained through one-time ray tracing simulation, and the analysis efficiency is obviously improved. And through one-time ray tracing, all incident angles and ray paths of solar stray radiation can be simulated, and the comprehensiveness and accuracy of an analysis result are ensured. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the tracking effect of light.
By adopting the embodiment of the invention, according to the reverse optical tracking result, the light leakage condition existing in the optical-mechanical system is shielded firstly, and the interference of an external heat source on the infrared image is avoided. And secondly, for the interference phenomenon caused by solar radiation, an extinction thread is added on the inner wall of the objective lens barrel, the reflection or scattering times of light on the surface are increased, the surface is subjected to surface treatment, and the absorption rate of the surface to infrared radiation is increased. The extinction screw thread is an equidistant screw thread, the screw pitch p satisfies that p is 3mm, and the tooth form angle alpha satisfies that alpha is 30 degrees.
In the embodiment of the invention, the change of the point source transmittance before and after the inhibition measure is added is analyzed and calculated. The log values of the point source transmittance for the dual fields of view of the optical system are shown in fig. 5 and 6. As can be seen from fig. 5 and 6, the optical system according to the embodiment of the present invention has a significant decrease in the point source transmittance in both the large field of view and the small field of view after the suppression measure is added. Therefore, the stray radiation suppression measure provided by the embodiment of the invention has an obvious suppression effect on off-axis solar stray radiation.
In the embodiment of the invention, the added extinction threads are subjected to internal radiation analysis, the model of the internal radiation analysis is set to be that the radiation temperature is set to be 70 ℃, and the radiation emergence rate is equal to the surface absorptivity. And (3) carrying out internal radiation analysis on the added extinction threads, aiming at ensuring that the self radiation of the suppression measures does not bring new imaging interference to the infrared optical system, and respectively carrying out imaging on the detector by the extinction threads on the inner wall of the object lens barrel with a large view field and a small view field in the images shown in the figures 7 and 8. As can be seen from fig. 7 and 8, the self radiation energy of the extinction thread in the large view field is distributed around the image plane, and the center of the image plane is provided with an energy recess with the diameter of about 2 mm; the self radiation energy of the extinction threads in the small view field is uniformly distributed on the image surface. The energy values of the two fields of view are not greatly different, but the energy components are different, and the image needs to be subjected to non-uniform correction so as to be imaged uniformly.
In the stray radiation simulation process of the embodiment of the invention, the imaging effects before and after adding the stray radiation suppression measure need to be compared to verify whether the suppression measure is reliable and effective. Fig. 9 and 10 are images of the large-field optical system and the small-field optical system before and after adding the extinction thread in the optical system analyzed in the embodiment of the present invention, respectively. According to the actual imaging comparison, the infrared optical system has an obvious inhibiting effect on solar stray radiation after the extinction threads are added and the surface oxidation treatment is carried out.
As can be seen from the above embodiments, the present invention identifies the source of stray radiation that causes the optical system from the imaged image of the infrared optical system. And establishing an optical-mechanical analysis model in stray light analysis software, and carrying out surface attribute setting on each optical-mechanical element. And a detector light source is arranged to perform reverse ray tracing, and the external stray radiation angle and the ray path are quickly positioned. Corresponding inhibition measures are designed for stray radiation, internal radiation analysis is carried out on the added inhibition measures, and finally the stray radiation inhibition effect is verified through an actual imaging contrast experiment. The invention can realize the rapid and comprehensive analysis of the stray radiation outside the infrared optical system, is beneficial to providing effective inhibition measures, and finally obviously eliminates or inhibits the influence of the stray radiation on the infrared imaging system.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. It is understood, however, that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.
Claims (10)
1. A method of analyzing stray radiation from an infrared optical system, comprising:
constructing an optical machine analysis model in stray light analysis software based on an infrared optical system, and performing surface attribute definition on each optical machine component in the optical machine analysis model;
the optical-mechanical analysis model is internally provided with a detector surface light source, a far-field receiver is arranged outside the optical-mechanical analysis model, and the infrared optical system is subjected to reverse light path tracing so as to analyze the incident angle and the light path of external stray radiation.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the far-field receiver is a sphere defined in a spherical coordinate system, the sphere having a radius r of infinity, a zenith angle θ of (180-2w) °, wherein 2w is a full field angle of the infrared optical system, and an azimuth angle Φ of 360 °.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the radiation characteristic of the detector surface light source is lambertian, and the radiation solid angle Ω satisfies the following relationship:
wherein D is the aperture of the cold diaphragm of the detector, and L is the distance from the cold diaphragm to the target surface.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the temperature T of the detector surface light source is the detector operating temperature, the radiance is 1, and the radiance M satisfies the following relationship:
wherein λ 1 and λ 2 are two end points of the response band range of the detector, and c1 is a first blackbody radiation constant; c2 is the second blackbody radiation constant.
5. A method for suppressing stray radiation from an infrared optical system, comprising:
analyzing the incidence angle and ray path of stray radiation outside the infrared optical system by using the method for analyzing stray radiation of the infrared optical system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4;
and designing a corresponding inhibition measure for the infrared optical system based on the analysis result.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the inhibiting means comprises:
the inner wall surface of a lens barrel of the infrared optical system is provided with extinction threads so as to increase the reflection times or scattering times of light on the surface;
shielding the light leakage part in the infrared optical system;
and processing the inner wall surface of the lens barrel of the infrared optical system to increase the infrared radiation absorption rate of the surface.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the matt threads are equally spaced threads with a pitch p satisfying: p is more than or equal to 1.5mm and less than or equal to 5mm, and the tooth form angle alpha meets the following requirements: alpha is more than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 45 degrees.
8. The method of claim 5, further comprising:
an internal spurious radiation analysis is performed for the added suppression measures to ensure that the suppression measures do not introduce new internal radiated interference.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the analyzing for the added suppression measures for internal stray radiation comprises:
the radiation temperature was set at 70 ℃ and the radiation exit rate was equal to the surface absorptivity, and the added suppression measures were analyzed for internal stray radiation.
10. The method of claim 5, further comprising:
and evaluating the inhibition effect of the inhibition measure on the stray radiation through an actual imaging experiment.
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| CN114754877A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-07-15 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Method for calculating internal stray radiation on all-optical machine surface of infrared optical system |
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| CN106053023A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-10-26 | 北京环境特性研究所 | Analysis method for stray radiation of infrared measurement system |
| CN110231090A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-09-13 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | A kind of test method of thermal infrared spectrum instrument internal stray radiation |
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