CN113006817B - Combined support structure capable of yielding and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Combined support structure capable of yielding and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113006817B CN113006817B CN202110503275.7A CN202110503275A CN113006817B CN 113006817 B CN113006817 B CN 113006817B CN 202110503275 A CN202110503275 A CN 202110503275A CN 113006817 B CN113006817 B CN 113006817B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 192
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 192
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/006—Lining anchored in the rock
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/105—Transport or application of concrete specially adapted for the lining of tunnels or galleries ; Backfilling the space between main building element and the surrounding rock, e.g. with concrete
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/15—Plate linings; Laggings, i.e. linings designed for holding back formation material or for transmitting the load to main supporting members
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
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- Architecture (AREA)
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- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a side-bottom combined supporting structure capable of yielding and a construction method thereof, which comprise two square tubular columns which are vertically and oppositely arranged, wherein the upper side and the lower side of each square tubular column are fixedly connected with a pair of long angle steel and a pair of short angle steel through bolts, the lower ends of the short angle steel are welded with lower baffle plates, the long angle steel and the short angle steel are respectively provided with anchoring holes, an anchor rope and an anchor rod are used for fixing the long angle steel and the short angle steel on the two sides through the anchoring holes, one steel pipe concrete cross brace is hinged on the inner side of each pair of short angle steel, the steel pipe concrete cross brace is hinged on the roadway bottom corner through a hinge piece, a pressure-bearing structure is arranged between the two steel pipe concrete cross braces, a C20 concrete cushion layer is paved between a roadway bottom plate and the steel pipe concrete cross brace, the crushed stone cushion layer is flush with an original roadway bottom plate, and the side-bottom supporting structure is combined with a roadway anti-bottom arch to realize the side-bottom supporting integral.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a side-bottom combined supporting structure capable of yielding and a construction method thereof.
Background
Due to the disturbance of mining and the influence of deep high ground stress, the roadway bottom plate and the two sides of rock mass deform and are extruded into the roadway, so that the bottom bulge and the two sides are moved closer, the roadway space is narrower and narrower, and the normal production requirement cannot be met. For a long time, researchers at home and abroad propose a plurality of roadway support technologies, but the deformation of the foundation drum or the two sides is independently controlled, the foundation drum and the two sides are not combined, and the support structure design is considered at the same time, so that the support design is often failed. Studies have shown that horizontal stress is one of the main causes of the foundation drum, and that horizontal stress also brings the two-sided foundation angle closer inward, so the support design should focus on and control the horizontal stress. Meanwhile, the existing supporting structure cannot automatically adjust and release stress, and a common pressure relief mode is to open a pressure relief groove or punch a pressure relief hole after the roadway is deformed, so that production is delayed, and manpower and material resources are consumed. Therefore, development of a yielding upper and lower combined support structure and a construction method thereof are urgently needed to solve the above technical problems.
In view of this, the present invention has been made.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a yielding upper and lower combined support structure, which combines a roadway anti-lower arch to realize an upper and lower support integral, can release part of bottom plate stress, has stronger stability and better support effect, has wide application prospect and is beneficial to popularization and application.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a side-bottom combined supporting structure capable of yielding, which comprises two square pipe columns vertically and oppositely arranged, wherein the two sides of each square pipe column are fixedly connected with a pair of long angle steel and a pair of short angle steel through bolts respectively, the lower ends of the short angle steel are welded with a lower baffle, the long angle steel and the short angle steel are respectively provided with an anchor hole, an anchor rope and an anchor rod are used for fixing the long angle steel and the short angle steel on the two sides through the anchor holes, the inner side of each pair of short angle steel is hinged with a steel pipe concrete cross brace, the steel pipe concrete cross brace is hinged with a roadway bottom corner through a hinge piece, a pressure-bearing structure is arranged between the two steel pipe concrete cross braces, a C20 concrete cushion layer is paved between a roadway bottom plate and the steel pipe concrete cross braces, a crushed stone cushion layer is paved above the steel pipe concrete cross braces, and the crushed stone cushion layer is flush with an original roadway bottom plate.
Preferably, the steel pipe concrete cross support comprises a first part, a second part, a connecting sleeve and a metal plate, wherein the first part is fixedly connected with the second part through threads of the connecting sleeve, the whole length of the steel pipe concrete cross support can be adjusted through the connecting sleeve, the upper end of the first part is hinged with the inner side of the short angle steel, the metal plate is welded at the lower end of the second part, the size of the metal plate is larger than the section of the steel pipe concrete cross support, the metal plate is placed on a pressure-bearing structure, and the angle between the installed steel pipe concrete cross support and a horizontal line is not smaller than 10 degrees.
Preferably, the pressure-bearing structure comprises a pressure-bearing body, a pressure-bearing plate and side baffles, wherein the pressure-bearing body is welded above the pressure-bearing plate, the section of the pressure-bearing body is isosceles triangle, the vertex angle is not more than 60 degrees, the pressure-bearing plate is a thick steel plate, the size is 500mm multiplied by 500mm, the thickness is 30-50mm, and the side baffles are welded on the front and the back of the pressure-bearing body and are used for preventing the steel pipe concrete cross brace from sliding back and forth.
Preferably, the section size of square pipe post is 150mm 200mm, be equipped with a plurality of bolt holes on square pipe post both sides face, the interval of bolt hole is 0.5m, fixes square pipe post and long angle steel and short angle steel into whole through the bolt, the bolt is high strength bolt.
Preferably, the length of the side edge of the long angle steel is 200mm, the length of the side edge of the short angle steel is 150mm, the length of the side edge of the short angle steel is 200mm, the length of the side edge of the short angle steel is not less than 400mm, the thickness of the short angle steel is 30mm, a plurality of anchor holes are formed in the side edge of the long angle steel, the distance is 0.7m, a plurality of bolt holes are formed in the side edge of the short angle steel, the distance is 0.5m, an anchor hole is formed in the side edge of the short angle steel, and a bolt hole is formed in the side edge of the short angle steel.
Preferably, the length of the lower baffle extends beyond the hinge to protect it.
A construction method of a pressure-allowed upper and lower combined support structure comprises the following steps:
(1) The section size of the square pipe column is 150mm multiplied by 200mm, a short side of 150mm is stuck to two sides according to the actual site position, a plurality of bolt holes are formed in the two side faces of the square pipe column, the interval between the bolt holes is 0.5m, the square pipe column, the long angle steel and the short angle steel are fixed into a whole through bolts, and the bolts adopt high-strength bolts;
(2) The length of the first long angle steel side is 200mm, the length of the second side is 150mm, the length of the first short angle steel side is 200mm, the length of the second side is not less than 400mm, the thickness is 30mm, a plurality of anchor holes are formed in the first long angle steel side at intervals of 0.7m, a plurality of bolt holes are formed in the second side at intervals of 0.5m, an anchor hole is formed in the first short angle steel side, and a bolt hole is formed in the second side;
(3) After fixing the long angle steel, the short angle steel and the square pipe column into a whole, welding a lower baffle at the lower end of the short angle steel, extending the length of the baffle at the hinged part to protect the short angle steel, putting the welded whole on the bottom corners of the roadway at the two ends in a close fit manner, respectively punching a row of anchor rods and anchor cables on the two sides according to the positions of the anchor holes, pressing the long angle steel by an anchor head and a tray, and paving and compacting by electric welding when the whole is fixed on the two sides and the anchor head and the tray are not pressed;
(4) The bearing structure consists of a bearing body, a bearing plate and side baffles, wherein the section of the bearing body is isosceles triangle, the vertex angle is not more than 60 degrees, the bearing plate is a thick steel plate, the size is 500mm multiplied by 500mm, the thickness is 30-50mm, the bearing plate is welded at the lower end of the bearing body, and the side baffles are welded at the front and back of the bearing body and are used for preventing the steel pipe concrete cross brace from sliding back and forth;
(5) The method comprises the steps of excavating a reverse bottom arch in a small gun placing mode, firstly drilling holes with an air drill, wherein the drilling depth is 0.6-1.0m, then charging, blasting to lift the bottom, excavating the reverse bottom arch into an arc shape, and arranging two anchor cables and paving a reinforcing mesh at three parts of the reverse bottom arch;
(6) Pouring a C20 concrete cushion layer after the inverted arch reinforcing steel bar net is paved, pouring in layers, wherein the pouring height of each layer is not more than 300mm, tamping by a vibrator, determining the required placement angle of the concrete filled steel tube cross brace, calculating the position of a bearing structure, burying the bearing structure, and ensuring that the bearing plate is positioned at the horizontal position and corrected by using a level gauge during burying;
(7) The steel pipe concrete cross brace consists of a first part, a second part, a connecting sleeve and a metal plate, wherein the first part and the second part are screwed tightly through the connecting sleeve, the two assembled steel pipe concrete cross braces are hoisted by adopting a crane, the upper ends of the steel pipe concrete cross braces are hinged with the short angle steel through a hinge piece, the steel pipe concrete cross braces can rotate around the hinge piece, the lower ends of the steel pipe concrete cross braces are placed on a bearing structure, the length of the steel pipe concrete cross braces is adjusted through the connecting sleeve, and the angle between the installed steel pipe concrete cross braces and a horizontal line is not less than 10 degrees.
The side and bottom combined supporting structure capable of yielding and the construction method thereof have the following beneficial effects.
The invention combines the upper support and the bottom plate support into a whole, and has stronger stability and better support effect than the independent support structure. The square tube columns and the angle steel are used for two-side support to replace common steel belts, the strength is higher after the two-side support is anchored by combining the anchor cable and the anchor rod, the steel tube concrete cross brace is added into the bottom plate, the bottom angles at the two ends are controlled to move inwards, and the bottom plate is effectively restrained from being arched by extrusion deformation. In addition, the designed concrete filled steel tube cross brace is hinged with the bottom corners, can rotate upwards when being stressed excessively, releases partial stress, simultaneously extrudes the bottom corners at two ends, and the extrusion force of the concrete filled steel tube cross brace is larger and larger along with the increase of the arch height, so that the arch is harder and harder, and the whole structure is stable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a collapsible upper and lower support structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a hinge portion of a collapsible upper and lower support structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the detachment of a concrete filled steel tube cross brace of a pressure-sensitive upper and lower combined support structure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a pressure-bearing structure of a pressure-bearing upper and lower combined support structure according to the present invention.
In the figure:
1. the concrete pile comprises a long angle steel 2, a square pipe column 3, a broken stone cushion layer 4, a lower baffle plate 5, a short angle steel 6, a concrete filled steel tube transverse strut 7, a bearing structure 8, a C20 concrete cushion layer 9, an anchor head 10, an anchor rope 11, a hinge piece 12, a first component 13, a connecting sleeve 14, a second component 15, a metal plate 16, a bearing body 17, a bearing plate 18, a side baffle plate 19, a tray 20, a first side 21 and a second side.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples and figures to aid in the understanding of the invention.
Fig. 1-2 are schematic views of the overall structure of a collapsible upper and lower support structure and top views of its hinge parts, respectively. This can let support structure at bottom of group of pressure includes square tube post 2 of two vertical relative settings, square tube post 2's both sides about respectively with a pair of long angle steel 1 and a pair of short angle steel 5 pass through bolt fixed connection, the welding of short angle steel 5 lower extreme has lower baffle 4, the length of lower baffle 4 stretches out in articulated position in order to protect it. The long angle steel 1 and the short angle steel 5 are respectively provided with an anchoring hole, the long angle steel 1 and the short angle steel 5 are fixed on two sides through the anchoring holes by the anchor rope 10 and the anchor rod, each pair of short angle steel 5 is hinged with a concrete filled steel tube cross brace 6 at the inner side, and the concrete filled steel tube cross brace 6 is hinged to the bottom corner of a roadway through a hinge piece 11. A pressure-bearing structure 7 is arranged between the two concrete filled steel tube cross braces 6, a C20 concrete cushion layer 8 is paved between the roadway bottom plate and the concrete filled steel tube cross braces 6, a broken stone cushion layer 3 is paved above the concrete filled steel tube cross braces 6, and the broken stone cushion layer 3 is flush with the original roadway bottom plate.
As shown in FIG. 3, the concrete filled steel tube cross brace of the pressure-relieving upper and lower combined support structure is split schematically. The steel tube concrete cross brace 6 comprises a first part 12, a second part 14, a connecting sleeve 13 and a metal plate 15, wherein the first part 12 and the second part 14 are fixedly connected through threads of the connecting sleeve 13, the whole length of the steel tube concrete cross brace 6 can be adjusted through the connecting sleeve 13, the upper end of the first part 12 is hinged with the inner side of the short angle steel 5, the metal plate 15 is welded at the lower end of the second part 14, the size of the metal plate 15 is larger than the section of the steel tube concrete cross brace 6, the metal plate 15 is placed on the pressure-bearing structure 7, and the angle between the installed steel tube concrete cross brace 6 and a horizontal line is not smaller than 10 degrees.
As shown in FIG. 4, a schematic diagram of a pressure-bearing structure of a pressure-bearing combined support structure for a sole is provided. The pressure-bearing structure 7 consists of a pressure-bearing body 16, a pressure-bearing plate 17 and side baffles 18, wherein the pressure-bearing body 16 is welded above the pressure-bearing plate 17, the section of the pressure-bearing body 16 is isosceles triangle, the vertex angle is not more than 60 degrees, the pressure-bearing plate 17 is thick steel plate with the dimensions of 500mm multiplied by 500mm and the thickness of 30-50mm, and the side baffles 18 are welded on the front and back of the pressure-bearing body 16 and are used for preventing the steel pipe concrete cross brace 6 from sliding back and forth. The section size of the square pipe column 2 is 150mm multiplied by 200mm, a plurality of bolt holes are formed in two side faces of the square pipe column 2, the distance between the bolt holes is 0.5m, the square pipe column 2, the long angle steel 1 and the short angle steel 5 are fixed into a whole through bolts, and the bolts are high-strength bolts. The length of the first side of the long angle steel 1 is 200mm, the length of the second side of the long angle steel 1 is 150mm, the length of the first side 20 of the short angle steel 5 is 200mm, the length of the second side 21 of the short angle steel 5 is not less than 400mm, the thickness of the short angle steel 5 is 30mm, a plurality of anchor holes are formed in the first side of the long angle steel 1, the distance is 0.7m, a plurality of bolt holes are formed in the second side, the distance is 0.5m, an anchor hole is formed in the first side 20 of the short angle steel 5, and a bolt hole is formed in the second side 21.
A construction method of a pressure-allowed upper and lower combined support structure comprises the following steps:
(1) The section size of the square pipe column 2 is 150mm multiplied by 200mm, a short side of 150mm is stuck to two sides according to the actual site position, a plurality of bolt holes are arranged on the two side surfaces of the square pipe column 2, the bolt hole interval is 0.5m, the square pipe column 2, the long angle steel 1 and the short angle steel 5 are fixed into a whole through bolts, and the bolts adopt high-strength bolts;
(2) The length of the first side of the long angle steel 1 is 200mm, the length of the second side is 150mm, the length of the first side 20 of the short angle steel 5 is 200mm, the length of the second side 21 is not less than 400mm, the thickness is 30mm, a plurality of anchor holes are formed in the first side of the long angle steel 1, the interval is 0.7m, a plurality of bolt holes are formed in the second side, the interval is 0.5m, an anchor hole is formed in the first side 20 of the short angle steel 5, and a bolt hole is formed in the second side 21;
(3) After the long angle steel 1, the short angle steel 5 and the square pipe column 2 are fixed integrally, a lower baffle 4 is welded at the lower end of the short angle steel 5, the length extends out of the hinging part to protect the short angle steel 5, the welded whole is tightly attached to two sides and placed on bottom corners of two-end roadways, a row of anchor rods and anchor cables 10 are respectively arranged on the two sides according to the positions of anchor holes, an anchor head 9 and a tray 19 press the long angle steel 1, the whole is fixed on the two sides, and when the anchor head 9 and the tray 19 are not pressed, electric welding is adopted to carry out leveling compaction;
(4) The pressure-bearing structure 7 consists of a pressure-bearing body 16, a pressure-bearing plate 17 and side baffles 18, wherein the section of the pressure-bearing body 16 is isosceles triangle, the vertex angle is not more than 60 degrees, the pressure-bearing plate 17 is a thick steel plate with the size of 500mm multiplied by 500mm, the thickness is 30-50mm, the lower end of the pressure-bearing body 16 is welded, and the side baffles 18 are welded at the front and the back of the pressure-bearing body 16 and are used for preventing the steel pipe concrete cross brace 6 from sliding back and forth;
(5) The method comprises the steps of excavating a reverse bottom arch in a small gun placing mode, firstly drilling holes with an air drill, wherein the drilling depth is 0.6-1.0m, then charging, blasting to lift the bottom, excavating the reverse bottom arch into an arc shape, and arranging two anchor cables and paving a reinforcing mesh at three parts of the reverse bottom arch;
(6) Pouring a C20 concrete cushion layer 8 after the inverted arch reinforcing steel bar mesh is paved, pouring in layers, wherein the pouring height of each layer is not more than 300mm, tamping by a vibrator, determining the required placement angle of the concrete filled steel tube cross brace 6, calculating the position of the bearing structure 7, burying the bearing structure 7, ensuring that the bearing plate 17 is in a horizontal position during burying, and correcting by using a level gauge;
(7) The steel tube concrete cross brace 6 consists of a first component 12, a second component 14, a connecting sleeve 13 and a metal plate 15, wherein the first component 12 and the second component 14 are screwed tightly through the connecting sleeve 13, the two assembled steel tube concrete cross braces 6 are hoisted by adopting a crane, the upper end of the steel tube concrete cross brace 6 is hinged with the short angle steel 5 through a hinge piece 11, the steel tube concrete cross brace 6 can rotate around the hinge piece 11, the lower end of the steel tube concrete cross brace 6 is placed on the pressure-bearing structure 7, the length of the steel tube concrete cross brace 6 is adjusted through the connecting sleeve 13, and the angle between the assembled steel tube concrete cross brace 6 and a horizontal line is not less than 10 degrees.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
when the bottom plate is stressed and swelled, the pressure-bearing structure 7 is stressed and moves upwards, the roadway bottom plate releases part of stress, meanwhile, the steel pipe concrete cross braces 6 at two sides are extruded, the steel pipe concrete cross braces 6 prevent the bottom corners at two ends from moving inwards, as the pressure-bearing part adopts a triangular section structure, the steel pipe concrete cross braces 6 are subjected to larger and larger extrusion force, the roadway bottom plate swells upwards more and more difficult, the final stress is not released any more, and the whole structure of the two sides and the bottom plate tends to be stable.
The invention combines the upper support and the bottom plate support into a whole, and has stronger stability and better support effect than the independent support structure. The square pipe column 2 and the angle steel are used for supporting two sides to replace common steel belts, the strength is higher after the anchor cable 10 is combined and anchored, the steel pipe concrete cross brace 6 is added into the bottom plate, the bottom angles at two ends are controlled to move inwards, and the bottom plate is effectively restrained from being arched due to extrusion deformation. In addition, the designed concrete filled steel tube cross brace 6 is hinged with the bottom corners, can rotate upwards when being stressed excessively, releases partial stress, simultaneously extrudes the bottom corners at two ends, the extrusion force of the concrete filled steel tube cross brace 6 is larger and larger along with the increase of the arch height, the arch is harder and harder, and the final overall structure tends to be stable. The invention combines the roadway anti-bottom arch to realize the support of the upper bottom, can release part of the bottom plate stress, has stronger stability and better support effect, has wide application prospect and is beneficial to popularization and application.
Specific examples are set forth herein to illustrate the invention in detail, and the description of the above examples is only for the purpose of aiding in understanding the core concept of the invention. It should be noted that any obvious modifications, equivalents, or other improvements to those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a can let pressure's group end joint support structure, its characterized in that includes two square tubular columns of vertical relative setting, the both sides of square tubular column are upper and lower respectively with a pair of long angle steel and a pair of short angle steel pass through bolt fixed connection, the welding of short angle steel lower extreme has the lower baffle, all be equipped with the anchor hole on long angle steel and the short angle steel, anchor rope and stock pass through the anchor hole with long angle steel and short angle steel to be fixed in two group's walls, every pair of short angle steel inboard articulates there is a steel pipe concrete crossbeam, steel pipe concrete crossbeam articulates in tunnel bottom angle through the hinge, is equipped with bearing structure between two steel pipe concrete crossbeams, be equipped with C20 concrete cushion between tunnel bottom plate and the steel pipe concrete crossbeam, steel pipe concrete crossbeam top has laid the broken stone cushion, the cushion flushes with former tunnel bottom plate, steel pipe concrete crossbeam comprises part one, part two, connecting sleeve and metal sheet, part one and part two pass through connecting sleeve screw thread rigid couplings, can adjust steel pipe concrete's overall length through the connecting sleeve, part one is articulated to have a steel pipe concrete crossbeams inboard, the bearing structure is equipped with the bearing structure between two steel pipe concrete crossbeams, steel pipe crossbeams, the bearing structure is equipped with the bearing structure is in the bearing structure is realized with the steel pipe crossbeams, the steel pipe is big end is perpendicular to the back of the steel pipe, the bearing structure is formed by the bearing structure is in the bearing structure, the bearing structure is in the bearing structure is more than 10, the bearing is welded with the steel is formed by the steel bearing structure, the back has the bearing structure is formed by the steel is 60, the bearing.
2. The pressure-bearing combined support structure for the upper and the lower of the shoe according to claim 1, wherein the pressure-bearing plate is a thick steel plate, the size is 500mm multiplied by 500mm, and the thickness is 30-50mm.
3. The pressure-allowed upper and lower combined support structure according to claim 2, wherein the cross section size of the square pipe column is 150mm multiplied by 200mm, a plurality of bolt holes are formed in two side faces of the square pipe column, the distance between the bolt holes is 0.5m, the square pipe column, the long angle steel and the short angle steel are fixed into a whole through bolts, and the bolts are high-strength bolts.
4. The pressure-allowed upper and lower combined support structure according to claim 3, wherein the length of the first long angle steel side is 200mm, the length of the second long angle steel side is 150mm, the length of the first short angle steel side is 200mm, the length of the second long angle steel side is not less than 400mm, the thickness of the second short angle steel side is 30mm, a plurality of anchor holes are formed in the first long angle steel side, the distance is 0.7m, a plurality of bolt holes are formed in the second long angle steel side, the distance is 0.5m, an anchor hole is formed in the first short angle steel side, and a bolt hole is formed in the second short angle steel side.
5. The combination support structure of claim 4, wherein the lower baffle extends beyond the hinge portion to protect the hinge portion.
6. A method of constructing a combination support structure for a counter-pressure side sole as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
(1) The section size of the square pipe column is 150mm multiplied by 200mm, a short side of 150mm is stuck to two sides according to the actual site position, a plurality of bolt holes are formed in the two side faces of the square pipe column, the interval between the bolt holes is 0.5m, the square pipe column, the long angle steel and the short angle steel are fixed into a whole through bolts, and the bolts adopt high-strength bolts;
(2) The length of the first long angle steel side is 200mm, the length of the second side is 150mm, the length of the first short angle steel side is 200mm, the length of the second side is not less than 400mm, the thickness is 30mm, a plurality of anchor holes are formed in the first long angle steel side at intervals of 0.7m, a plurality of bolt holes are formed in the second side at intervals of 0.5m, an anchor hole is formed in the first short angle steel side, and a bolt hole is formed in the second side;
(3) After fixing the long angle steel, the short angle steel and the square pipe column into a whole, welding a lower baffle at the lower end of the short angle steel, extending the length of the baffle at the hinged part to protect the short angle steel, putting the welded whole on the bottom corners of the roadway at the two ends in a close fit manner, respectively punching a row of anchor rods and anchor cables on the two sides according to the positions of the anchor holes, pressing the long angle steel by an anchor head and a tray, and paving and compacting by electric welding when the whole is fixed on the two sides and the anchor head and the tray are not pressed;
(4) The bearing structure consists of a bearing body, a bearing plate and side baffles, wherein the section of the bearing body is isosceles triangle, the vertex angle is not more than 60 degrees, the bearing plate is a thick steel plate, the size is 500mm multiplied by 500mm, the thickness is 30-50mm, the bearing plate is welded at the lower end of the bearing body, and the side baffles are welded at the front and back of the bearing body and are used for preventing the steel pipe concrete cross brace from sliding back and forth;
(5) The method comprises the steps of excavating a reverse bottom arch in a small gun placing mode, firstly drilling holes with an air drill, wherein the drilling depth is 0.6-1.0m, then charging, blasting to lift the bottom, excavating the reverse bottom arch into an arc shape, and arranging two anchor cables and paving a reinforcing mesh at three parts of the reverse bottom arch;
(6) Pouring a C20 concrete cushion layer after the inverted arch reinforcing steel bar net is paved, pouring in layers, wherein the pouring height of each layer is not more than 300mm, tamping by a vibrator, determining the required placement angle of the concrete filled steel tube cross brace, calculating the position of a bearing structure, burying the bearing structure, and ensuring that the bearing plate is positioned at the horizontal position and corrected by using a level gauge during burying;
(7) The steel pipe concrete cross brace consists of a first part, a second part, a connecting sleeve and a metal plate, wherein the first part and the second part are screwed tightly through the connecting sleeve, the two assembled steel pipe concrete cross braces are hoisted by adopting a crane, the upper ends of the steel pipe concrete cross braces are hinged with the short angle steel through a hinge piece, the steel pipe concrete cross braces can rotate around the hinge piece, the lower ends of the steel pipe concrete cross braces are placed on a bearing structure, the length of the steel pipe concrete cross braces is adjusted through the connecting sleeve, and the angle between the installed steel pipe concrete cross braces and a horizontal line is not less than 10 degrees.
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