CN113006817A - Upper and bottom combined supporting structure capable of yielding and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Upper and bottom combined supporting structure capable of yielding and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113006817A CN113006817A CN202110503275.7A CN202110503275A CN113006817A CN 113006817 A CN113006817 A CN 113006817A CN 202110503275 A CN202110503275 A CN 202110503275A CN 113006817 A CN113006817 A CN 113006817A
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- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 191
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 191
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/006—Lining anchored in the rock
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/105—Transport or application of concrete specially adapted for the lining of tunnels or galleries ; Backfilling the space between main building element and the surrounding rock, e.g. with concrete
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/15—Plate linings; Laggings, i.e. linings designed for holding back formation material or for transmitting the load to main supporting members
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
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- Architecture (AREA)
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- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a side and bottom combined supporting structure capable of yielding and a construction method thereof, comprising two vertically and oppositely arranged square pipe columns, wherein the upper and lower sides of each square pipe column are respectively fixedly connected with a pair of long angle steel and a pair of short angle steel through bolts, the lower ends of the short angle steel are welded with lower baffles, the long angle steel and the short angle steel are respectively provided with anchoring holes, an anchor rope and an anchor rod fix the long angle steel and the short angle steel on two sides through the anchoring holes, the inner side of each pair of short angle steel is articulated with a concrete filled steel tube cross brace, the concrete filled steel tube cross brace is articulated with a roadway bottom corner through an articulation piece, a pressure bearing structure is arranged between the two concrete filled steel tube cross braces, a C20 concrete cushion layer is laid between a roadway bottom plate and the concrete filled steel tube cross brace, a gravel cushion layer is laid above the concrete filled steel tube cross brace, the gravel cushion layer is flush with the original roadway bottom plate, the, the stability is stronger, and the supporting effect is better, has wide application prospect, is favorable to popularizing and applying.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a combined upper and lower supporting structure capable of yielding and a construction method thereof.
Background
Due to the disturbance of excavation and the influence of high ground stress in the deep part, the tunnel bottom plate and the rock mass on the two sides can deform and extrude into the tunnel, so that the floor heave and the two sides move close to each other, the tunnel space is more and more narrow, and the normal production requirement cannot be met. For a long time, researchers at home and abroad propose a plurality of roadway supporting technologies, but the deformation of the bottom heave or the deformation of the two sides are independently controlled, the bottom heave or the deformation of the two sides are not combined, and the design of a supporting structure is not considered, so that the supporting design is often failed. Research shows that the horizontal stress is one of the main causes of the bottom drum, and the horizontal stress also enables the two upper bottoms to move inwards, so that the support design is mainly considered and controlled. Meanwhile, the existing supporting structure cannot automatically adjust and release stress, and a general pressure relief mode is to open a pressure relief groove or open a pressure relief hole after a roadway deforms, so that production is delayed, and manpower and material resources are consumed. Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop a yielding combined upper and sole supporting structure and a construction method thereof to solve the technical problems.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a combined support structure of a side and a bottom, which can give way pressure, is combined with a tunnel inverted arch to realize the integration of side and bottom support, can release part of the stress of a bottom plate, has stronger stability and better support effect, has wide application prospect and is beneficial to popularization and application.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a side and bottom combined supporting structure capable of yielding, which comprises two vertically oppositely arranged square pipe columns, wherein the upper side and the lower side of each square pipe column are respectively fixedly connected with a pair of long angle steel and a pair of short angle steel through bolts, the lower ends of the short angle steel are welded with lower baffles, the long angle steel and the short angle steel are respectively provided with an anchoring hole, an anchor rope and an anchor rod fix the long angle steel and the short angle steel on two sides through the anchoring holes, the inner side of each pair of short angle steel is hinged with a concrete filled steel tube cross brace, the concrete filled steel tube cross braces are hinged at the bottom corner of a roadway through hinged parts, a pressure bearing structure is arranged between the two concrete filled steel tube cross braces, a C20 concrete cushion layer is laid between the roadway bottom plate and the concrete filled steel tube cross braces, a gravel cushion layer is laid above the concrete filled steel tube.
Preferably, the concrete filled steel tube stull comprises part one, part two, connecting sleeve and metal sheet, part one passes through connecting sleeve screw thread rigid coupling with part two, through the whole length of the adjustable concrete filled steel tube stull of connecting sleeve, part one upper end is articulated mutually with the quarter angle inboard, the welding of part two lower extremes has the metal sheet, the metal sheet size is greater than the concrete filled steel tube stull section, the metal sheet is placed on the pressure-bearing structure, and the concrete filled steel tube stull of installation completion and horizontal line space angle are not less than 10.
Preferably, the pressure-bearing structure comprises a pressure-bearing body, a pressure-bearing plate and side baffles, the pressure-bearing body is welded above the pressure-bearing plate, the section of the pressure-bearing body is an isosceles triangle, the vertex angle is not more than 60 degrees, the pressure-bearing plate is a thick steel plate, the size of the pressure-bearing plate is 500mm multiplied by 500mm, the thickness of the pressure-bearing plate is 30-50mm, and the side baffles are welded in the front and at the back of the pressure-bearing body and used for preventing the concrete filled steel tube cross brace.
Preferably, the section size of the square pipe column is 150mm × 200mm, a plurality of bolt holes are formed in two side faces of the square pipe column, the distance between the bolt holes is 0.5m, the square pipe column, the long angle steel and the short angle steel are fixed into a whole through bolts, and the bolts are high-strength bolts.
Preferably, the length of the first side edge of the long angle steel is 200mm, the length of the second side edge of the long angle steel is 150mm, the length of the first side edge of the short angle steel is 200mm, the length of the second side edge of the long angle steel is not less than 400mm, the thickness of the long angle steel is 30mm, a plurality of anchor holes are formed in the first side edge of the long angle steel, the distance is 0.7m, a plurality of bolt holes are formed in the second side edge of the long angle steel, the distance is 0.5m, one anchor hole is formed in the first side edge of the short angle.
Preferably, the length of the lower baffle plate protrudes from the hinge portion to protect it.
A construction method of a combined upper and sole supporting structure capable of yielding comprises the following steps:
(1) the size of the section of the square pipe column is 150mm multiplied by 200mm, the short side of 150mm is attached to two sides according to the actual site position, a plurality of bolt holes are arranged on two side surfaces of the square pipe column, the interval of the bolt holes is 0.5m, the square pipe column, long angle steel and short angle steel are fixed into a whole through bolts, and the bolts adopt high-strength bolts;
(2) the length of the first side edge of the long angle steel is 200mm, the length of the second side edge of the long angle steel is 150mm, the length of the first side edge of the short angle steel is 200mm, the length of the second side edge of the short angle steel is not less than 400mm, the thickness of the second side edge of the long angle steel is 30mm, a plurality of anchoring holes are formed in the first side edge of the long angle steel at intervals of 0.7m, a plurality of bolt holes are formed in the second side edge of the short angle steel at intervals of 0.5m, one anchoring hole is formed;
(3) after the long angle steel, the short angle steel and the square tubular column are fixed into a whole, a lower baffle is welded at the lower end of the short angle steel, the length of the lower baffle extends out of a hinged part to protect the short angle steel, the whole welding body is tightly attached to two sides and placed on bottom corners of roadways at two ends, a row of anchor rods and anchor cables are respectively arranged on the two sides according to the positions of anchoring holes, an anchor head and a tray press the long angle steel to fix the whole body on the two sides, and when the anchor head and the tray cannot be pressed, the long angle steel, the short angle steel and the square;
(4) the pressure-bearing structure consists of a pressure-bearing body, a pressure-bearing plate and side baffles, the section of the pressure-bearing body is an isosceles triangle, the vertex angle is not more than 60 degrees, the pressure-bearing plate 17 is a thick steel plate, the size is 500mm multiplied by 500mm, the thickness is 30-50mm, the pressure-bearing plate is welded at the lower end of the pressure-bearing body, and the side baffles are welded at the front and the rear of the pressure-bearing body and used for preventing the concrete filled steel tube;
(5) excavating the inverted arch by putting a small gun, firstly drilling by using an air drill, wherein the drilling depth is 0.6-1.0m, then charging, blasting and bottoming, excavating the inverted arch into an arc shape, drilling two anchor cables at trisection positions of the inverted arch and paving a reinforcing mesh;
(6) after the inverted arch reinforcing mesh is laid, a C20 concrete cushion layer is poured, layered pouring is carried out, the pouring height of each layer is not more than 300mm, meanwhile, a vibrator is used for tamping, the required placement angle of the concrete filled steel tube cross brace is determined, the position of a pressure-bearing structure is calculated, the pressure-bearing structure is buried, and the pressure-bearing plate is ensured to be in a horizontal position and corrected by a level gauge during burying;
(7) the concrete filled steel tube stull is by part one, part two, connecting sleeve and metal sheet are constituteed, part one and part two are turned round tightly through connecting sleeve screw thread, adopt two concrete filled steel tube stulls hoisted that the hoist will assemble, concrete filled steel tube stull upper end passes through the articulated elements with the short angle steel earlier and articulates, guarantee that the concrete filled steel tube stull can rotate around the articulated elements, place the concrete filled steel tube stull lower extreme on bearing structure, adjust concrete filled steel tube stull length through connecting sleeve, the concrete filled steel tube stull that the installation was accomplished and horizontal line intervallum angle should not be less than 10.
The invention provides a side and bottom combined supporting structure capable of yielding and a construction method thereof.
The invention combines the side support and the bottom plate support into a whole, has stronger stability and better support effect than a single support structure. The two-side support uses square tubular columns and angle steel to replace common steel belts, the strength is higher after the two-side support is anchored by combining anchor cables and anchor rods, the concrete-filled steel tube cross braces are added into the bottom plate, the inward movement of bottom angles at two ends is controlled, and the bottom plate is effectively restrained from being extruded, deformed and arched. In addition, the concrete filled steel tube waling that designs is articulated with the base angle, can upwards rotate when the atress is too big, releases partial stress, extrudees both ends base angle simultaneously, and the concrete filled steel tube waling is along with the increase of hunch-up height, and the extrusion force is also bigger and bigger, and it is more and more difficult to hunch-up, and final overall structure tends towards stably.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a yielding upper and lower combined supporting structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a hinge portion of a yielding upper and lower combined supporting structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a split steel pipe concrete wale of a yielding upper and lower combined supporting structure according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a pressure-bearing structure of the upper and sole combined supporting structure capable of yielding.
In the figure:
1. the concrete anchor rod comprises a long angle steel 2, a square pipe column 3, a broken stone cushion layer 4, a lower baffle plate 5, a short angle steel 6, a steel pipe concrete cross brace 7, a pressure bearing structure 8, a C20 concrete cushion layer 9, an anchor head 10, an anchor rope 11, a hinge piece 12, a first part 13, a connecting sleeve 14, a second part 15, a metal plate 16, a pressure bearing body 17, a pressure bearing plate 18, a side baffle plate 19, a tray 20, a first side edge 21 and a second side edge.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific embodiments and accompanying drawings to assist in understanding the contents of the invention.
Fig. 1-2 are schematic diagrams of the overall structure of a yielding combined upper and sole supporting structure and a top view of the hinge portion thereof, respectively. The upper and lower combined supporting structure capable of yielding comprises two vertical square tubular columns 2 which are oppositely arranged, wherein the two sides of each square tubular column 2 are fixedly connected with a pair of long angle steels 1 and a pair of short angle steels 5 through bolts respectively from top to bottom, the lower ends of the short angle steels 5 are welded with lower baffle plates 4, and the length of each lower baffle plate 4 stretches out of a hinged part to protect the lower baffle plate 4. The long angle steel 1 and the short angle steel 5 are both provided with anchoring holes, the anchor cable 10 and the anchor rod fix the long angle steel 1 and the short angle steel 5 on two sides through the anchoring holes, each pair of inner sides of the short angle steel 5 is hinged with a concrete filled steel tube cross brace 6, and the concrete filled steel tube cross braces 6 are hinged on the bottom corners of the roadway through hinges 11. Be equipped with pressure-bearing structure 7 between two concrete filled steel tube studdles 6, C20 concrete cushion 8 has been laid between tunnel bottom plate and the concrete filled steel tube studdle 6, rubble bed course 3 has been laid to the concrete filled steel tube studdle 6 top, rubble bed course 3 flushes with former tunnel bottom plate.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing a split of a concrete filled steel tube wale of a combined upper and lower supporting structure capable of yielding according to the present invention. The concrete filled steel tube waling 6 is composed of a first component 12, a second component 14, a connecting sleeve 13 and a metal plate 15, the first component 12 is fixedly connected with the second component 14 through the connecting sleeve 13 in a threaded mode, the whole length of the concrete filled steel tube waling 6 can be adjusted through the connecting sleeve 13, the upper end of the first component 12 is hinged to the inner side of the short angle steel 5, the metal plate 15 is welded to the lower end of the second component 14, the size of the metal plate 15 is larger than the section of the concrete filled steel tube waling 6, the metal plate 15 is placed on the pressure bearing structure 7, and the angle between the installed concrete filled steel tube waling 6 and the horizontal line is not smaller than 10 degrees.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a pressure-bearing structure of the upper and sole combined supporting structure capable of yielding according to the present invention. The pressure-bearing structure 7 is composed of a pressure-bearing body 16, a pressure-bearing plate 17 and side baffles 18, wherein the pressure-bearing body 16 is welded above the pressure-bearing plate 17, the section of the pressure-bearing body 16 is an isosceles triangle, the vertex angle is not more than 60 degrees, the pressure-bearing plate 17 is a thick steel plate, the size is 500mm multiplied by 500mm, the thickness is 30-50mm, and the side baffles 18 are welded in the front and the back of the pressure-bearing body 16 and used for preventing the concrete filled steel tube cross brace 6 from sliding back and forth. The cross section size of the square pipe column 2 is 150mm multiplied by 200mm, a plurality of bolt holes are arranged on two side faces of the square pipe column 2, the distance between the bolt holes is 0.5m, the square pipe column 2, the long angle steel 1 and the short angle steel 5 are fixed into a whole through bolts, and the bolts are high-strength bolts. One length of 1 side of long angle steel is 200mm, and two lengths of side are 150mm, 5 first 20 lengths of side of quarter steel are 200mm, and two 21 lengths of side are not less than 400mm, and thickness is 30mm, a plurality of anchor holes have been seted up on the first side of long angle steel 1, and the interval is 0.7m, has seted up a plurality of bolt holes on the second side, and the interval is 0.5m, an anchor hole has been seted up on the first 20 of side of quarter steel 5, has seted up a bolt hole on the second 21 of side.
A construction method of a combined upper and sole supporting structure capable of yielding comprises the following steps:
(1) the size of the section of the square pipe column 2 is 150mm multiplied by 200mm, the short side of 150mm is attached to two sides according to the actual site position, a plurality of bolt holes are arranged on two side surfaces of the square pipe column 2, the interval of the bolt holes is 0.5m, the square pipe column 2, the long angle steel 1 and the short angle steel 5 are fixed into a whole through bolts, and the bolts adopt high-strength bolts;
(2) the length of the first side edge of the long angle steel 1 is 200mm, the length of the second side edge is 150mm, the length of the first side edge 20 of the short angle steel 5 is 200mm, the length of the second side edge 21 is not less than 400mm, the thickness of the second side edge is 30mm, a plurality of anchoring holes are formed in the first side edge of the long angle steel 1 at intervals of 0.7m, a plurality of bolt holes are formed in the second side edge at intervals of 0.5m, an anchoring hole is formed in the first side edge 20 of the short angle steel 5, and a bolt hole is formed in the second;
(3) after fixing the long angle steel 1, the short angle steel 5 and the square tubular column 2 into a whole, welding a lower baffle 4 at the lower end of the short angle steel 5, extending the length of the lower baffle to a hinged part to protect the short angle steel, putting the welded whole close to two sides on the bottom corners of a roadway at two ends, respectively arranging a row of anchor rods and anchor cables 10 on the two sides according to the positions of anchor holes, pressing the long angle steel 1 by an anchor head 9 and a tray 19, fixing the whole on the two sides, and paving and compacting by adopting electric welding when the anchor head 9 and the tray 19 cannot be pressed;
(4) the pressure-bearing structure 7 consists of a pressure-bearing body 16, a pressure-bearing plate 17 and side baffles 18, the section of the pressure-bearing body 16 is an isosceles triangle, the vertex angle is not more than 60 degrees, the pressure-bearing plate 17 is a thick steel plate with the size of 500mm multiplied by 500mm and the thickness of 30-50mm, and is welded at the lower end of the pressure-bearing body 16, and the side baffles 18 are welded at the front and the back of the pressure-bearing body 16 and are used for preventing the concrete-filled steel tube cross brace 6;
(5) excavating the inverted arch by putting a small gun, firstly drilling by using an air drill, wherein the drilling depth is 0.6-1.0m, then charging, blasting and bottoming, excavating the inverted arch into an arc shape, drilling two anchor cables at trisection positions of the inverted arch and paving a reinforcing mesh;
(6) after the inverted arch reinforcing mesh is laid, a C20 concrete cushion layer 8 is poured, layered pouring is carried out, the pouring height of each layer is not more than 300mm, meanwhile, a vibrator is used for tamping, the required placement angle of the concrete filled steel tube cross brace 6 is determined, the position of the pressure-bearing structure 7 is calculated, the pressure-bearing structure 7 is buried, and the pressure-bearing plate 17 is ensured to be in a horizontal position and corrected by a level gauge during burying;
(7) concrete filled steel tube stull 6 is by part one 12, part two 14, connecting sleeve 13 and metal sheet 15 are constituteed, part one 12 and part two 14 are twisted tightly through connecting sleeve 13 screw thread, adopt two concrete filled steel tube stulls 6 hoists that the hoist will assemble, 6 upper ends of concrete filled steel tube stull are earlier articulated through articulated elements 11 with short angle steel 5, guarantee that concrete filled steel tube stull 6 can rotate around articulated elements 11, place 6 lower extremes of concrete filled steel tube stull on bearing structure 7, adjust 6 lengths of concrete filled steel tube stull through connecting sleeve 13, the angle should not be less than 10 between 6 and the horizontal line of the concrete filled steel tube stull of installation completion.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
when the bottom plate atress was bloated the time-recorder-hour, bearing structure 7 atress upward movement, tunnel bottom plate release part stress extrudees both sides concrete filled steel tube stull 6 simultaneously, and concrete filled steel tube stull 6 prevents both ends base angle inwards movement, because the bearing part uses triangle-shaped section structure, leads to concrete filled steel tube stull 6 to receive the extrusion force bigger and bigger, and tunnel bottom plate upwards heaves more and more difficultly, and final stress no longer releases, and two group and bottom plate overall structure tend towards stability.
The invention combines the side support and the bottom plate support into a whole, has stronger stability and better support effect than a single support structure. The two-side support uses the square tubular column 2 and angle steel to replace a common steel belt, the strength is higher after the anchor rod anchoring of the anchor rope 10 is combined, the steel tube concrete cross brace 6 is added into the bottom plate, the inward movement of the bottom angles at two ends is controlled, and the bottom plate is effectively restrained from being extruded, deformed and arched. In addition, the concrete filled steel tube waling 6 who designs is articulated with the base angle, can upwards rotate when the atress is too big, releases partial stress, extrudees both ends base angle simultaneously, and concrete filled steel tube waling 6 is along with the increase of hunch-up height, and the extrusion force is also bigger and bigger, and it is more and more difficult to hunch-up, and final overall structure tends towards stability. The tunnel arch support integrated supporting device disclosed by the invention is combined with a tunnel inverted arch to realize integration of supporting and supporting of the upper and the lower, and can release part of the stress of the bottom plate, so that the stability is stronger, the supporting effect is better, the application prospect is wide, and the popularization and the application are facilitated.
The inventive concept is explained in detail herein using specific examples, which are given only to aid in understanding the core concepts of the invention. It should be understood that any obvious modifications, equivalents and other improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a can let group's end combined supporting structure who presses, its characterized in that, includes the square tubular column of two vertical relative settings, the both sides of square tubular column are from top to bottom respectively with a pair of long angle steel and a pair of short angle steel pass through bolt fixed connection, the welding of short angle steel lower extreme has down the baffle, all be equipped with the anchor hole on long angle steel and the short angle steel, anchor rope and stock pass through the anchor hole with long angle steel and short angle steel be fixed in two groups, every is articulated to have a concrete filled steel tube stull to the short angle steel inboard, the concrete filled steel tube stull passes through the articulated elements and articulates in tunnel base angle, is equipped with bearing structure between two concrete filled steel tube stulls, C20 concrete cushion has been laid between tunnel bottom plate and the concrete filled steel tube stull, the rubble cushion has been laid to concrete filled steel tube stull top.
2. The structure of claim 1, wherein the concrete filled steel tube wale is composed of a first member, a second member, a connecting sleeve and a metal plate, the first member and the second member are fixedly connected through the connecting sleeve by screw threads, the overall length of the concrete filled steel tube wale can be adjusted through the connecting sleeve, the upper end of the first member is hinged to the inner side of the short angle steel, the metal plate is welded to the lower end of the second member, the size of the metal plate is larger than the section of the concrete filled steel tube wale, the metal plate is placed on a pressure bearing structure, and the angle between the installed concrete filled steel tube wale and the horizontal line is not smaller than 10 degrees.
3. The upper and lower combined supporting structure capable of yielding according to claim 2, wherein the bearing structure is composed of a bearing body, a bearing plate and side baffles, the bearing body is welded above the bearing plate, the section of the bearing body is an isosceles triangle, the vertex angle is not more than 60 degrees, the bearing plate is a thick steel plate with the size of 500mm x 500mm and the thickness of 30-50mm, and the side baffles are welded at the front and the rear of the bearing body and used for preventing the concrete filled steel tube cross brace from sliding back and forth.
4. The structure of claim 3, wherein the square pipe column has a cross-sectional size of 150mm x 200mm, and a plurality of bolt holes are formed in both side surfaces of the square pipe column, the bolt holes are spaced at intervals of 0.5m, and the square pipe column is integrally fixed to the long and short angle steels by bolts, which are high-strength bolts.
5. The structure of claim 4, wherein the length of the first side of the long angle steel is 200mm, the length of the second side of the long angle steel is 150mm, the length of the first side of the short angle steel is 200mm, the length of the second side of the short angle steel is not less than 400mm, the thickness of the second side of the short angle steel is 30mm, the first side of the long angle steel is provided with a plurality of anchoring holes with a spacing of 0.7m, the second side of the short angle steel is provided with a plurality of bolt holes with a spacing of 0.5m, the first side of the short angle steel is provided with an anchoring hole, and the second side of the short angle steel is provided with a bolt hole.
6. A yielding combined upper and lower supporting structure as claimed in claim 5, wherein the length of the lower retaining plate extends beyond the hinge portion to protect it.
7. A construction method of a yielding upper and lower combined supporting structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
(1) the size of the section of the square pipe column is 150mm multiplied by 200mm, the short side of 150mm is attached to two sides according to the actual site position, a plurality of bolt holes are arranged on two side surfaces of the square pipe column, the interval of the bolt holes is 0.5m, the square pipe column, long angle steel and short angle steel are fixed into a whole through bolts, and the bolts adopt high-strength bolts;
(2) the length of the first side edge of the long angle steel is 200mm, the length of the second side edge of the long angle steel is 150mm, the length of the first side edge of the short angle steel is 200mm, the length of the second side edge of the short angle steel is not less than 400mm, the thickness of the second side edge of the long angle steel is 30mm, a plurality of anchoring holes are formed in the first side edge of the long angle steel at intervals of 0.7m, a plurality of bolt holes are formed in the second side edge of the short angle steel at intervals of 0.5m, one anchoring hole is formed;
(3) after the long angle steel, the short angle steel and the square tubular column are fixed into a whole, a lower baffle is welded at the lower end of the short angle steel, the length of the lower baffle extends out of a hinged part to protect the short angle steel, the whole welding body is tightly attached to two sides and placed on bottom corners of roadways at two ends, a row of anchor rods and anchor cables are respectively arranged on the two sides according to the positions of anchoring holes, an anchor head and a tray press the long angle steel to fix the whole body on the two sides, and when the anchor head and the tray cannot be pressed, the long angle steel, the short angle steel and the square;
(4) the pressure-bearing structure consists of a pressure-bearing body, a pressure-bearing plate and side baffles, the section of the pressure-bearing body is an isosceles triangle, the vertex angle is not more than 60 degrees, the pressure-bearing plate 17 is a thick steel plate, the size is 500mm multiplied by 500mm, the thickness is 30-50mm, the pressure-bearing plate is welded at the lower end of the pressure-bearing body, and the side baffles are welded at the front and the rear of the pressure-bearing body and used for preventing the concrete filled steel tube;
(5) excavating the inverted arch by putting a small gun, firstly drilling by using an air drill, wherein the drilling depth is 0.6-1.0m, then charging, blasting and bottoming, excavating the inverted arch into an arc shape, drilling two anchor cables at trisection positions of the inverted arch and paving a reinforcing mesh;
(6) after the inverted arch reinforcing mesh is laid, a C20 concrete cushion layer is poured, layered pouring is carried out, the pouring height of each layer is not more than 300mm, meanwhile, a vibrator is used for tamping, the required placement angle of the concrete filled steel tube cross brace is determined, the position of a pressure-bearing structure is calculated, the pressure-bearing structure is buried, and the pressure-bearing plate is ensured to be in a horizontal position and corrected by a level gauge during burying;
(7) the concrete filled steel tube stull is by part one, part two, connecting sleeve and metal sheet are constituteed, part one and part two are turned round tightly through connecting sleeve screw thread, adopt two concrete filled steel tube stulls hoisted that the hoist will assemble, concrete filled steel tube stull upper end passes through the articulated elements with the short angle steel earlier and articulates, guarantee that the concrete filled steel tube stull can rotate around the articulated elements, place the concrete filled steel tube stull lower extreme on bearing structure, adjust concrete filled steel tube stull length through connecting sleeve, the concrete filled steel tube stull that the installation was accomplished and horizontal line intervallum angle should not be less than 10.
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| CN113006817B (en) | 2023-06-20 |
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