CN113004871B

CN113004871B - Refrigerant and air conditioning equipment

Info

Publication number: CN113004871B
Application number: CN202110224000.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张宗云; 曾婧
Original assignee: Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
Current assignee: Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
Priority date: 2021-03-01
Filing date: 2021-03-01
Publication date: 2021-11-02
Anticipated expiration: 2041-03-01
Also published as: CN113004871A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of air conditioners and provides a refrigerant and air conditioning equipment. The refrigerant comprises fluoroethane, trifluoroethylene and trifluoroiodomethane which are mixed with each other, wherein the fluoroethane accounts for 30 to 90 percent of the total mass of the refrigerant, the trifluoroethylene accounts for 5 to 55 percent of the total mass, and the trifluoroiodomethane accounts for 5 to 25 percent of the total mass. The refrigerant has the advantages of low GWP value, zero ODP environmental protection characteristic, low flammability and excellent thermal performance, the unit volume refrigerating capacity qv and the refrigerating performance coefficient COP are equivalent to the performance of an R22 refrigerating working medium, the operating pressure is close to R22, the refrigerant is suitable for being applied to the existing air conditioning equipment adopting R22 as the refrigerating working medium, the change of main devices of the existing air conditioning equipment is not needed, the refrigerant is suitable for carrying out environmental protection upgrading on the existing air conditioning equipment adopting R22, and the refrigerant has high market application value.

Description

Refrigerant and air conditioning equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of air conditioners, in particular to a refrigerant and air conditioning equipment.

Background

With the increasing global warming, the environmental protection problem is more and more emphasized, and a plurality of countries in the world 170 jointly sign Montreal protocol-Bulgarian amendments with legal constraints. The agreement clearly gives a schedule for elimination of HFCs in countries, where china will start to implement from 2024 and promises to reduce HFCs production rapidly.

At present, R22 used by a household air conditioner has an Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) of 0 and a Global Warming Potential (GWP) of 1810, is in a controlled range based on a California correction scheme, and is gradually eliminated, so that the trend is inevitable, and the search for a refrigerant working medium which meets both the environmental protection requirement and the energy efficiency requirement of the air conditioning system is urgent.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the present invention is to provide a refrigerant which is suitable for use in conventional air conditioning equipment using R22 and has excellent environmental characteristics.

In order to achieve the above object, the refrigerant provided by the present invention comprises fluoroethane, trifluoroethylene and trifluoroiodomethane, wherein the fluoroethane accounts for 30% to 90% of the total mass of the refrigerant, trifluoroethylene accounts for 5% to 55% of the total mass of the refrigerant, and trifluoroiodomethane accounts for 5% to 25% of the total mass of the refrigerant, in terms of mass%.

Therefore, the refrigerant disclosed by the invention not only has a lower GWP value, an environment-friendly characteristic of zero ODP, lower flammability and excellent thermal performance, the refrigerating capacity qv and the coefficient of performance COP of unit volume are equivalent to those of an R22 refrigerating working medium, and the operating pressure is similar to that of R22.

In a preferred embodiment, the fluoroethane accounts for 40 to 80% of the total mass of the refrigerant, trifluoroethylene accounts for 5 to 40% of the total mass of the refrigerant, and trifluoroiodomethane accounts for 5 to 25% of the total mass of the refrigerant.

In a further scheme, the fluoroethane accounts for 40 to 55 percent of the total mass of the refrigerant, the trifluoroethylene accounts for 20 to 40 percent of the total mass of the refrigerant, and the trifluoroiodomethane accounts for 10 to 25 percent of the total mass of the refrigerant.

In a further embodiment, the percentage of trifluoroethylene in the total mass of the refrigerant is from 30% to 40%.

Another preferred embodiment is that the global warming potential of the refrigerant is 50 or less.

Still more preferably, the refrigerant has an ozone depletion potential of 0.

In yet another preferred embodiment, fluoroethane, trifluoroethylene and trifluoroiodomethane are mixed at a temperature of from 23 ℃ to 27 ℃ and a pressure of from 0.08MPa to 0.12 MPa.

Still another preferred embodiment further includes a stabilizer in an amount of 1% or less by mass based on the total mass of the refrigerant, wherein the stabilizer includes at least one of a diene compound, a phosphate, a phenol compound, and an epoxide.

Therefore, the fluoroethane (R161) is not decomposed at high temperature, so that the phenomenon that metals such as a refrigerant copper pipe and the like are corroded by the refrigerant is avoided, and the problem that the oil color of lubricating oil is impure is avoided; moreover, the performance of the stabilizer is stable, and the stabilizer does not have adverse effects on parts of air conditioning equipment, lubricating oil and the like.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an air conditioning apparatus having excellent environmental protection characteristics.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an air conditioning apparatus using the above refrigerant.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a system schematic of an embodiment of an air conditioning apparatus of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a system schematic diagram of an alternative embodiment of the air conditioning apparatus of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Refrigerant and air conditioning equipment embodiment one:

referring to fig. 1, the air conditioning equipment of this embodiment includes a compressor 11, a condenser 12, a throttling device 13, and an evaporator 14, where a high-pressure interface of the compressor 11, the condenser 12, the throttling device 13, the evaporator 14, and a low-pressure interface of the compressor 11 are sequentially communicated, and the air conditioning equipment of this embodiment uses the refrigerant of this embodiment to perform phase change heat exchange.

Alternatively, referring to fig. 2, in another embodiment of the present invention, the air conditioning apparatus has two

throttling devices

23 and 25, the two

throttling devices

23 and 25 are a first device 23 and a second device 25, the air conditioning apparatus may further include a liquid separator 24, the liquid separator 24 includes a fluid inlet, a gas outlet and a liquid outlet, the compressor 21 includes a low pressure port, a medium pressure port and a high pressure port, the high pressure port of the compressor 21, the condenser 22, the first device 23 and the fluid inlet of the liquid separator 24 are sequentially communicated, the liquid outlet of the liquid separator 24, the second device 25, the evaporator 26 and the low pressure port of the compressor 21 are sequentially communicated, and the gas outlet of the liquid separator 24 is communicated with the medium pressure port of the compressor 21; of course, the system configuration of the air conditioner of the present invention may be set with reference to other existing air conditioners.

The refrigerant of this example was a physical mixture of 41 mass% fluoroethane (R161), 34 mass% trifluoroethylene (R1123), and 25 mass% trifluoroiodomethane (R13I 1).

Example two:

the refrigerant of this example was a physical mixture of 43 mass% fluoroethane (R161), 35 mass% trifluoroethylene (R1123), and 22 mass% trifluoroiodomethane (R13I 1).

Example three:

the refrigerant of this example was a physical mixture of 45 mass% fluoroethane (R161), 37 mass% trifluoroethylene (R1123), and 18 mass% trifluoroiodomethane (R13I 1).

Example four:

the refrigerant of this example was a physical mixture of 47 mass% fluoroethane (R161), 33 mass% trifluoroethylene (R1123), and 20 mass% trifluoroiodomethane (R13I 1).

Example five:

the refrigerant of this example was a physical mixture of 50 mass% fluoroethane (R161), 40 mass% trifluoroethylene (R1123), and 10 mass% trifluoroiodomethane (R13I 1).

Example six:

the refrigerant of this example was a physical mixture of 52 mass% fluoroethane (R161), 33 mass% trifluoroethylene (R1123), and 15 mass% trifluoroiodomethane (R13I 1).

Is/are as follows

The basic parameters of the components of the refrigerant of the present invention are shown in Table 1

Table 1:

r161, R1123 and R13I1 are uniformly mixed according to the mass percentage defined in each example under the conditions that the temperature is 23-27 ℃ and the pressure is 0.1MPa to obtain the refrigerant of the corresponding example.

Through the synergistic effect of the three working media, the refrigerant of the embodiment has the characteristics of low Global Warming Potential (GWP) and zero Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP), can meet the requirement of environmental protection, and can reduce the flammability of the refrigerant due to the excellent flame retardant property of R13I 1.

Table 2 shows a ratio of basic thermal physical properties of the refrigerant and R22 in each example of the present invention.

Table 2:

as can be seen from table 2, the Global Warming Potential (GWP) of each embodiment of the refrigerant of the present invention is less than 50, which has obvious environmental protection advantages compared with R22, and the components of each refrigerant of the present invention have small molecular weights and relatively good flow properties, which are beneficial to prolonging the service life of the compressor, and the standard boiling point, critical temperature and critical pressure of each embodiment of the refrigerant of the present invention are all similar to R22, so that the refrigerant of the present invention can be used as a long-term substitute for R22.

In Table 2, the slip temperature is the difference between the bubble point temperature and the dew point temperature at a standard atmospheric pressure of 0.1 MPa.

The thermodynamic parameters and relative thermodynamic performance ratios of the refrigerant employing the embodiments of the present invention and the refrigerant employing R22 are shown in table 3 under the refrigeration conditions of 10 ℃ evaporation temperature, 45 ℃ condensation temperature, 3 ℃ superheat degree, 7 ℃ supercooling degree, and 0.7 compressor absolute efficiency.

Table 3:

as can be seen from table 3, when the air-conditioning apparatus according to each embodiment of the refrigerant of the present invention is used for cooling operation, the air-conditioning apparatus according to each embodiment of the present invention performs cooling operation, as compared with the air-conditioning apparatus according to R22, in terms of evaporation pressure, condensation pressure, relative COP, and relative qv, and although the discharge temperature is slightly lower than R22 and the pressure ratio is slightly higher than R22, the difference is small, where the relative COP is the ratio of the coefficient of cooling performance COP of the air-conditioning apparatus according to each embodiment of the present invention to the coefficient of cooling performance COP of the air-conditioning apparatus according to R22, and the relative qv is the ratio of the cooling capacity qv per unit volume of the air-conditioning apparatus according to each embodiment of the present invention to the cooling capacity qv per unit volume of the air-conditioning apparatus according to R22.

In conclusion, the embodiment of the refrigerant disclosed by the invention not only has a lower GWP value, an environment-friendly characteristic of zero ODP, lower flammability and excellent thermal performance, the refrigerating capacity qv and the coefficient of performance COP per unit volume are equivalent to those of an R22 refrigerating working medium, and the operating pressure is close to that of R22.

In a preferred embodiment of the refrigerant, the refrigerant is further mixed with a stabilizer, the stabilizer comprises at least one of diene compounds, phosphates, phenol compounds and epoxides, and the stabilizer is added to prevent fluoroethane (R161) from decomposing at high temperature, so that the corrosion phenomenon of metals such as refrigerant copper pipes and the like by the refrigerant is avoided, and the problem of impure lubricating oil color is avoided; moreover, the performance of the stabilizer is stable, and the stabilizer does not have adverse effects on parts of air conditioning equipment, lubricating oil and the like.

Finally, it should be emphasized that the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention are merely examples of implementations, rather than limitations, and that many variations and modifications of the invention are possible to those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A refrigerant that replaces R22, characterized by:

the refrigerant consists of fluoroethane, trifluoroethylene and trifluoroiodomethane, wherein the fluoroethane accounts for 41-52% of the total mass of the refrigerant by mass percent, the trifluoroethylene accounts for 33-40% of the total mass of the refrigerant by mass percent, and the trifluoroiodomethane accounts for 10-25% of the total mass of the refrigerant by mass percent.

2. The refrigerant according to claim 1, wherein:

the fluoroethane accounts for 43 to 50% of the total mass of the refrigerant, the trifluoroethylene accounts for 33 to 40% of the total mass of the refrigerant, and the trifluoroiodomethane accounts for 10 to 22% of the total mass of the refrigerant.

3. The refrigerant according to claim 2, wherein:

the fluoroethane accounts for 47% of the total mass of the refrigerant, the trifluoroethylene accounts for 33% of the total mass of the refrigerant, and the trifluoroiodomethane accounts for 20% of the total mass of the refrigerant.

4. The refrigerant according to claim 2, wherein:

the fluoroethane accounts for 50% of the total mass of the refrigerant, the trifluoroethylene accounts for 40% of the total mass of the refrigerant, and the trifluoroiodomethane accounts for 10% of the total mass of the refrigerant.

5. The refrigerant according to claim 1, wherein:

the refrigerant has a global warming potential of 50 or less.

6. The refrigerant according to claim 1, wherein:

the refrigerant has an ozone depletion potential of 0.

7. The refrigerant according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein:

the fluoroethane, the trifluoroethylene and the trifluoroiodomethane are mixed under conditions of a temperature of 23 ℃ to 27 ℃ and a pressure of 0.08MPa to 0.12 MPa.

8. The refrigerant according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein:

the refrigerant also comprises a stabilizer accounting for less than or equal to 1 percent of the total mass of the refrigerant, wherein the stabilizer comprises at least one of diene compounds, phosphates, phosphate, phenol compounds and epoxides.

9. Air conditioning equipment, its characterized in that:

a refrigerant according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is used.