CN113000755A - Profiling forging forming method and tool for oversized forging substitute ring forging - Google Patents
Profiling forging forming method and tool for oversized forging substitute ring forging Download PDFInfo
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- CN113000755A CN113000755A CN202110311546.9A CN202110311546A CN113000755A CN 113000755 A CN113000755 A CN 113000755A CN 202110311546 A CN202110311546 A CN 202110311546A CN 113000755 A CN113000755 A CN 113000755A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K21/00—Making hollow articles not covered by a single preceding sub-group
- B21K21/06—Shaping thick-walled hollow articles, e.g. projectiles
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Abstract
The invention discloses a profiling forging forming method of an oversized forging ring replacing forging, which comprises the following steps: forging the steel ingot into an inclined circular ring blank, wherein the inclined circular ring blank is a revolving body; the inclined circular ring blank is placed in the lower die ring through the small end of the inclined circular ring blank, the lower die ring comprises three working faces, the three working faces are sequentially an inclined first working face, a second working face for forming a curved surface and a horizontal third working face, and the large end face of the inclined circular ring blank is rotationally upset and stripped until the outer surface of the inclined circular ring blank is attached to the three working faces. According to the invention, the steel ingot is forged into the inclined circular ring blank, and the inclined circular ring blank is matched with the lower die ring, so that the profiling near-net forming forging of the substitute ring is realized, namely the shape of the forging is as close to the delivery outline of the part as possible, thereby further improving the material utilization rate, improving the forging rheology of the forging and ensuring the product quality of the forging.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of forging manufacturing, in particular to a profiling forging forming method and a tool for an oversized forging replacing ring.
Background
The forging of the ring is replaced and beaten belongs to super-huge marine engineering equipment forging, as the core part of marine hydraulic pile driver, and it has huge supporting role to ocean engineering project development.
The substitute ring forging is made of alloy steel 30Cr2Ni2Mo, the outer diameter of an outer step (large end) is 7300mm, the outer diameter of an outer ring (small end) is 5700mm, the inner diameter is 4700mm, the total height is 1350mm, the height of the outer step is 350mm, the forging piece weighs 195 tons, namely, the forging piece has the advantages of extremely large size, complex shape and high requirements on flaw detection and performance.
Meanwhile, the existing forming method for replacing the knock-out ring forging forgings forges the ring forging into a single ring forging, so that the utilization rate of the forgings is extremely low, and the quality of the forgings is poor. Namely, the traditional ring forging scheme is simple, the operation method is single, and the adoption of ring upsetting is extremely easy to fold at the outer circle, so that the quality of the body is influenced; in addition, the steel ingot required by the traditional method is 380 tons, the material utilization rate is low, the machining amount is large, the excess material of the outer step is large, and relatively uniform forming cannot be realized, so that the local area deformation is less, the tissue is poor, the flaw detection risk is high, and the quality is unstable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a profiling forging forming method of an oversized forging substitute ring forging, and aims to overcome the defects in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, one technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a profiling forging forming method of an oversized forging piece for a replacement ring comprises the following steps:
forging the steel ingot into an inclined circular ring blank, wherein the inclined circular ring blank is a revolving body;
will the oblique ring base is put in lower mould circle by its tip, lower mould circle includes three working face, and is three the working face is the first working face of slope, the second working face and the horizontally third working face that form the curved surface in order, right the rotatory upsetting of main aspects end face of oblique ring base is shelled extremely the surface and the three of oblique ring base the working face laminating.
Preferably, forging the steel ingot into an inclined circular ring blank, specifically:
and upsetting and punching the steel ingot, drawing out the steel ingot into a three-stage step blank after heat preservation, and reaming the step blank after heat preservation to obtain the inclined circular ring blank.
Preferably, the inclination of the inclined circular blank in the direction vertical to the horizontal plane is 8-10 degrees.
Preferably, the ring width tolerance of any cross section of the oblique circular ring blank is not more than 50mm, and the circle center of any cross section of the oblique circular ring blank is not more than 30mm away from the rotating shaft of the oblique circular ring blank.
Preferably, the outer diameter of the small end of the inclined circular ring blank is not larger than the outer diameter of the small end of the forging piece for replacing the knock-out ring, and the inner diameter of the small end is not larger than the inner diameter of the small end of the forging piece for replacing the knock-out ring.
Preferably, the inclination of the first working surface in the direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane is 8-10 degrees, and the radius of the curved surface of the second working surface is about 300 mm.
Preferably, the inner diameter of the lower die ring is not smaller than the outer diameter of the secondary knock ring.
Preferably, the rotary upsetting is performed by 150mm of reduction per time and by about 12 ° per rotation angle, and the total height is 1350 mm.
Preferably, the heat preservation temperature and the heat preservation time of the inclined circular ring blank before the rotary upsetting and stripping are 1200-1250 ℃ for 5 +/-2 hours.
Preferably, the outer ring of the step blank comprises a first step, a second step and a third step in sequence, and the height of the third step is 1/4-1/3 of the step blank.
Preferably, the temperature of the forging stock is kept to be 850-1250 ℃ in the drawing process.
Preferably, the heat preservation temperature and time before drawing is 1200-1250 ℃ for 18 +/-2 h, and the heat preservation temperature and time before reaming is 1200-1250 ℃ for 23 +/-2 h.
Preferably, the unilateral wall thickness of the oblique circular ring blank is 750mm +/-50.
The other technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a profile modeling forging ring shape frock of ring forging is replaced to oversize, its interior anchor ring to terminal surface include three working face, three the working face is first working face of slope, the second working face that forms the curved surface and horizontally third working face in order, the slope of first working face and horizontal plane vertical direction is 8 ~ 10, the curved surface radius of second working face is about 300 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, the steel ingot is forged into the inclined circular ring blank, and the inclined circular ring blank is matched with the lower die ring, so that the profiling near-net forming forging of the substitute ring is realized, namely the shape of the forging is as close to the delivery outline of the part as possible, thereby further improving the material utilization rate, improving the forging rheology of the forging and ensuring the product quality of the forging.
(2) The radial rheological of the large end of the oblique circular ring blank is remarkably promoted through the inclination of the oblique circular ring blank, the condition that the traditional circular ring blank is easy to fold during upsetting is avoided, and the forming of the outer step of the substitute ring is realized; and the small end of the inclined circular ring blank is limited by the lower die ring, so that outward radial rheological is difficult to occur, and finally, the profiling forming of the forging of the substitute ring is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a 300 ton electric furnace ingot;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a step blank;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a beveled ring blank;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the lower die ring;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of relative positions of the flat anvil, the inclined annular blank and the lower die ring;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a forged piece after final forming (dotted lines in the figure are the delivery contour lines of the forged piece).
Specifically, 10, a step blank; 11. a first step; 12. a second step; 13. a third step; 20. a beveled ring blank; 21. a large end; 22. a small end; 30. a lower die ring; 31. a first working surface; 32. a second working surface; 33. a third working surface; 40. and (4) an upper flat anvil.
Detailed Description
The disclosure may be understood more readily by reference to the following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention and the examples included therein. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. In case of conflict, the present specification, including definitions, will control. The terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," "has," "having," "contains," "containing," or any other variation thereof, as used herein, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a composition, process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such composition, process, method, article, or apparatus.
When an amount, concentration, or other value or parameter is expressed as a range, preferred range, or as a range of upper preferable values and lower preferable values, this is to be understood as specifically disclosing all ranges formed from any pair of any upper range limit or preferred value and any lower range limit or preferred value, regardless of whether ranges are separately disclosed. For example, when a range of "1 to 5" is disclosed, the described range should be interpreted to include the ranges "1 to 4", "1 to 3", "1 to 2 and 4 to 5", "1 to 3 and 5", and the like. When a range of values is described herein, unless otherwise stated, the range is intended to include the endpoints thereof and all integers and fractions within the range.
The singular forms "a", "an" and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. "optional" or "any" means that the subsequently described event or events may or may not occur, and that the description includes instances where the event occurs and instances where it does not.
Approximating language, as used herein throughout the specification and claims, is intended to modify a quantity, such that the invention is not limited to the specific quantity, but includes portions that are literally received for modification without substantial change in the basic function to which the invention is related. Accordingly, the use of "about" to modify a numerical value means that the invention is not limited to the precise value. In some instances, the approximating language may correspond to the precision of an instrument for measuring the value. In the present description and claims, range limitations may be combined and/or interchanged, including all sub-ranges contained therein if not otherwise stated.
As shown in figures 1 to 6, the profiling forging forming method of the oversized forging substitute ring realizes profiling near-net forming forging of the forging substitute ring by adopting an oil press and matching with a special tool auxiliary tool, namely, the shape of the forging is as close as possible to the delivery outline of a part, thereby further improving the material utilization rate, improving the forging rheology of the forging and ensuring the product quality of the forging.
The method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: and forging the steel ingot into an inclined circular ring blank 20, wherein the inclined circular ring blank 20 is a revolving body, namely the circular ring blank with the inclined circular wall.
Specifically, the steel ingot is upset and punched, after heat preservation, the steel ingot is drawn to be a three-stage step blank 10, and after heat preservation of the step blank 10, the steel ingot is reamed to be a slant circular ring blank 20.
More specifically, firstly, after the steel ingot shown in fig. 1 is compacted, upsetting and punching are firstly carried out, the steel ingot is put into a furnace and is kept at 1200-1250 ℃ for 18 +/-2 hours, and then the steel ingot is taken out of the furnace and is pulled to obtain the step blank 10 shown in fig. 2. Preferably, the temperature of the forging stock is kept in the range of 850-1250 ℃ all the time in the drawing process so as to ensure that the forging stock has uniform rheology.
As shown in FIG. 2, the outer ring of the step blank 10 comprises a first step 11, a second step 12 and a third step 13 in sequence, wherein the material size H3 of the step blank 10 should not be too large, and the height of the third step 13 is preferably 1/4-1/3 of the step blank 10, namely H/4 is not less than H3 and not more than H/3, so that the step blank 10 is favorably reamed to cause three steps to be rheologically formed into an inclined ring blank 20, meanwhile, the small end size of the inclined ring blank 20 is basically close to the small end size of a forging piece in the upsetting and stripping process is considered, the upsetting and deformation mainly occurs, the residual material at the small end is less, and the growth of the small end diameter in the upsetting and stripping deformation process is favorably until the small end diameter is sleeved and limited by the lower die ring.
And then, placing the step blank 10 in a heating furnace, heating and preserving heat for 23 +/-2 hours at 1200-1250 ℃, and discharging. And (3) reaming by adopting a phi 1450 reaming core rod, wherein the initial inner diameter d of the step blank 10 is about 1450mm, and during reaming, the roundness, the concentricity of the upper ring and the lower ring and the inclination of the ring blank need to be controlled.
As shown in fig. 3, preferably, the inclination of the oblique ring blank 20 in the direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane is 8-10 °, that is, the inclination angle α, further, the ring width tolerance of any cross section of the oblique ring blank 20 is not more than 50mm, and the distance from the center of any cross section of the oblique ring blank 20 to the rotating shaft thereof is not more than 30mm, so as to ensure the rheological uniformity and meet the requirements of the shape and size of the final forged piece.
Preferably, the outer diameter of the small end 22 of the inclined circular ring blank 20 is not more than the outer diameter of the small end of the forging with the knocking ring, the inner diameter of the small end 22 is not more than the inner diameter of the small end of the forging with the knocking ring, namely dp1 is not more than 5700mm, and dp2 is not more than 4700 mm. Preferably, the small end 22 of the beveled annular blank 20 is sized to approximate the small end of the looper forging. During upsetting and stripping, the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the inclined circular ring blank 20 are increased, but the large end 21 of the inclined circular ring blank 20 is large, the small end 22 is small in length, and meanwhile the small end is sleeved with the lower die ring 30, so that the small end 22 is limited from forging rheological change. Further, the unilateral wall thickness of the inclined circular ring blank 20 is 750mm +/-50, if the unilateral wall thickness is less than 700mm, folding is easy to occur during upsetting and stripping, the thickness of a forge piece cannot be covered, if the unilateral wall thickness is more than 800mm, the outward rheological capability of the blank during upsetting and stripping can be inhibited, more is the effect of simple upsetting, and the diameter of the large end of the forge piece is difficult to achieve.
Step two: the inclined circular ring blank 20 is placed in the lower die ring 30 from the small end 22 of the inclined circular ring blank, the lower die ring 30 comprises three working faces, the three working faces are sequentially an inclined first working face 31, a second working face 32 forming a curved surface and a horizontal third working face 33, namely the lower die ring 30 sequentially comprises the first working face 31, the second working face 32 and the third working face 33 from inside to outside, and the end face of the large end 21 of the inclined circular ring blank 20 is rotationally upset and stripped until the outer surface of the inclined circular ring blank 20 is attached to the three working faces. Specifically, 1600 flat anvil 40 may be used.
Specifically, the inclined ring blank 20 is heated in a furnace, is subjected to heat preservation at 1200-1250 ℃ for 5 +/-2 h, is taken out of the furnace and is upset, the heat preserved inclined ring blank 20 is placed in a lower die ring 30, an upper 1600 flat anvil 40 is adopted, and the relative position of the large end 21 of the inclined ring blank 20 is rotationally upset and stripped as shown in fig. 5.
As shown in fig. 4, preferably, the inclination of the first working surface 31 in the direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane is 8-10 °, that is, the inclination angle β is 9 ° ± 1, so as to cooperate with the inclined ring blank 20 in an inclined manner, to ensure that the large end 21 of the inclined ring blank 20 is outwardly enlarged to a required forging size during downward upsetting, and if the large end is enlarged, the flow is too large, the diameter of the finally obtained forging is too large, or vice versa. The radius of curvature of the second working surface 32 is about 300mm, typically 300mm + -50, to cover the circular arc area where the big and small ends of the final forging are joined. Further, the inner diameter of the lower die ring 30 is not less than the outer diameter of the alternate knock-out ring, i.e. dm2 ≧ 5700mm, preferably greater than the outer diameter of the alternate knock-out ring, to ensure the accommodation of the small end 22 of the oblique ring blank 20.
The rolling amount of the rotary upsetting is 150mm per time, the rotation angle is about 12 degrees per time, the total height is 1350mm, and the total rotation angle is generally 12 +/-2 degrees. The inclined circular ring blank 20 is promoted to generate outward radial rheological from the large end 21 by rotary upsetting, the inclined circular ring can remarkably promote the radial rheological due to the existence of an alpha oblique angle, so that the diameter of an outer step is rapidly increased to required outer diameter of 7300mm, the small end 22 of the inclined circular ring is hooped by the lower die ring 30 and is difficult to generate outward radial rheological, so that the profiling forming of the forging with the forging instead of beating ring is realized, and the outline schematic diagram of the forging after final forming is shown in fig. 6.
In the process of profiling forming forging, heating conditions need to be controlled to uniformly heat the blank in order to ensure the uniformity of final forming forging deformation, so that the problems that the local temperature of the blank is high, the deformation is different and the size of a forged piece is influenced are avoided.
As shown in FIG. 4, the profiling forging annular tool for the oversized forging ring replacing forging piece comprises three working surfaces from the inner annular surface to the end surface, the three working surfaces are sequentially an inclined first working surface 31, a second working surface 32 for forming a curved surface and a horizontal third working surface 33, the inclination of the first working surface 31 in the vertical direction with respect to the horizontal plane is 8-10 degrees, and the radius of the curved surface of the second working surface 32 is about 300mm, so that profiling forming of the forging piece is assisted.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (12)
1. A profiling forging forming method of an oversized forging substitute ring forging is characterized by comprising the following steps:
forging the steel ingot into an inclined circular ring blank, wherein the inclined circular ring blank is a revolving body;
will the oblique ring base is put in lower mould circle by its tip, lower mould circle includes three working face, and is three the working face is the first working face of slope, the second working face and the horizontally third working face that form the curved surface in order, right the rotatory upsetting of main aspects end face of oblique ring base is shelled extremely the surface and the three of oblique ring base the working face laminating.
2. The profiling forging forming method of the oversized alternative knock-out ring forging according to claim 1, wherein the steel ingot is forged into an inclined circular ring blank, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
and upsetting and punching the steel ingot, drawing out the steel ingot into a three-stage step blank after heat preservation, and reaming the step blank after heat preservation to obtain the inclined circular ring blank.
3. The profiling forging forming method of the oversized ring replacing forging piece as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inclination of the inclined circular ring blank in the direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane is 8-10 degrees.
4. The profiling forging forming method of the oversized alternative-knock-out ring forging according to claim 1, wherein the ring width tolerance of any cross section of the oblique ring blank is not more than 50mm, and the distance from the center of the circle of any cross section of the oblique ring blank to the rotating shaft of the oblique ring blank is not more than 30 mm.
5. The profiling forging forming method for the oversized ring replacing forging piece according to claim 1, wherein the outer diameter of the small end of the inclined circular ring blank is not larger than the outer diameter of the small end of the ring replacing forging piece, and the inner diameter of the small end is not larger than the inner diameter of the small end of the ring replacing forging piece.
6. The profiling forging forming method for the oversized forging ring replacing forging piece as recited in claim 1, wherein the inclination of the first working surface in the direction vertical to the horizontal plane is 8-10 degrees, and the radius of the curved surface of the second working surface is about 300 mm.
7. The profiling forging forming method for the oversized ring replacing forging piece as recited in claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the lower die ring is not smaller than the outer diameter of the ring replacing forging piece.
8. The method for profiling forging and forming the oversized forging ring replacing forging piece as recited in claim 1, wherein each rolling reduction of rotary upsetting is 150mm, each rotation angle is about 12 degrees, and the forging is carried out until the total height is 1350 mm.
9. The profiling forging forming method for the oversized forging ring replacing forging piece is characterized in that the outer ring of the step blank sequentially comprises a first step, a second step and a third step, and the height of the third step is 1/4-1/3.
10. The profiling forging forming method of the oversized ring replacing forging piece as claimed in claim 2, wherein the temperature of the forging stock is kept to be 850-1250 ℃ in the drawing process.
11. The profiling forging forming method of the oversized ring replacing forging piece as recited in claim 1, wherein the single-side wall thickness of the inclined circular ring blank is 750mm +/-50.
12. The utility model provides a profile modeling forging ring shape frock of ring forging is replaced to oversize, its interior anchor ring to terminal surface include three working face, and is three the working face is first working face of slope, the second working face that forms the curved surface and the third working face of horizontally in order, the slope of first working face and horizontal plane vertical direction is 8 ~ 10, the curved surface radius of second working face is about 300 mm.
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| CN202110311546.9A CN113000755B (en) | 2021-03-24 | 2021-03-24 | Profiling forging forming method and tool for oversized forging substitute ring forging |
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| CN202110311546.9A CN113000755B (en) | 2021-03-24 | 2021-03-24 | Profiling forging forming method and tool for oversized forging substitute ring forging |
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| CN113000755B CN113000755B (en) | 2022-03-25 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114309401A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-04-12 | 中信重工机械股份有限公司 | Machine body external free forging near-net forming method of large-diameter differential replacement looper forging |
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| CN103447765A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2013-12-18 | 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 | Preparing method of G20Cr2Ni4 bearing steel large-scale special-shaped cross section annular blank |
| CN105170853A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2015-12-23 | 中信重工机械股份有限公司 | Integral forging forming method for ultra-large type hollow disc forgings |
| CN110773690A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-02-11 | 伊莱特能源装备股份有限公司 | Profiling ring rolling forming process for arc-shaped inner platform annular forge piece |
| CN211773632U (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-10-27 | 中机（济南）精密成形工程技术有限公司 | Special-shaped cross section replacing ring for marine hydraulic pile hammer |
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2021
- 2021-03-24 CN CN202110311546.9A patent/CN113000755B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103447765A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2013-12-18 | 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 | Preparing method of G20Cr2Ni4 bearing steel large-scale special-shaped cross section annular blank |
| CN105170853A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2015-12-23 | 中信重工机械股份有限公司 | Integral forging forming method for ultra-large type hollow disc forgings |
| CN110773690A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-02-11 | 伊莱特能源装备股份有限公司 | Profiling ring rolling forming process for arc-shaped inner platform annular forge piece |
| CN211773632U (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-10-27 | 中机（济南）精密成形工程技术有限公司 | Special-shaped cross section replacing ring for marine hydraulic pile hammer |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114309401A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-04-12 | 中信重工机械股份有限公司 | Machine body external free forging near-net forming method of large-diameter differential replacement looper forging |
| CN114309401B (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2024-01-19 | 中国中信有限公司 | Out-of-body free forging near-net forming method of large-diameter differential forging ring forging |
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