CN112999512A - Transcranial direct current stimulation device - Google Patents
Transcranial direct current stimulation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112999512A CN112999512A CN202110224857.1A CN202110224857A CN112999512A CN 112999512 A CN112999512 A CN 112999512A CN 202110224857 A CN202110224857 A CN 202110224857A CN 112999512 A CN112999512 A CN 112999512A
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- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 210000002569 neuron Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 210000003710 cerebral cortex Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002003 electrode paste Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 11
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000001149 cognitive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000002490 cerebral effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 206010001497 Agitation Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010012335 Dependence Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010019468 Hemiplegia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000019022 Mood disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000029028 brain injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001054 cortical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003618 cortical neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002102 hyperpolarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000028161 membrane depolarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001537 neural effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004761 scalp Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/20—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes continuous direct currents
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- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
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- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses transcranial direct current stimulation equipment, which belongs to the technical field of cognitive neuroscience and comprises an electrode plate and a controller, wherein a circuit board in the controller is integrated with: the power supply stimulation circuit is used for outputting transcranial direct current for regulating the activity of the neurons of the cerebral cortex; the main control circuit is used for controlling the size of the output power supply stimulation circuit and comprises a control system consisting of a single chip microcomputer and a DAC conversion chip; the protection circuit is used for controlling the output current of the power supply stimulation circuit not to exceed a threshold value; and the power supply module is used for providing working electric energy for the power supply stimulation circuit, the main control circuit and the protection circuit. The invention can provide stable and constant current no matter how the resistance of the human brain changes by the power supply stimulation circuit and the main control circuit and the protection circuit, and the current slowly and uniformly rises before the stimulation starts and slowly and uniformly falls after the stimulation is finished, thereby being safer and more reliable to use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cognitive neuroscience, in particular to transcranial direct current stimulation equipment.
Background
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive technique that uses weak current (1-2 mA) to regulate the excitability of cortical cerebral neurons. The stimulation method is that the cathode electrode plate and the anode electrode plate are placed in two different areas of the surface of the brain, and direct current is generated by a constant current generating device to electrically stimulate the brain. tDCS stimulation can be divided into three types: anodal stimulation, cathodal stimulation, and pseudo-stimulation. The stimulation of the anode plays an exciting role on the activity of cerebral cortex neurons, and the cerebral cortex current direction under the anode electrode plate is from outside to inside. The cathode stimulation has the effect of inhibiting the cerebral cortical neuron activity, and the cerebral cortex current direction under the cathode patch is from inside to outside. Pseudo-stimulation is a control stimulus that does not alter the excitability of brain plateau neuron activity. Pseudo-stimulation exists only for a short period of current ramp-up, thereby keeping the subject feeling the same as other stimulation conditions. the primary mechanism of the immediate Effect of tDCS stimulation (Online Effect) is to affect the polarization of neuronal membranes. At the neuron level, the resting potential of nerve cells near the direct current negative electrode is increased, the discharge of the neurons is reduced, hyperpolarization occurs, and the activity is inhibited; the resting potential of nerve cells near the positive electrode is reduced, the discharge of neurons is increased, depolarization occurs, and the activity is activated. tDCS also has a post-stimulatory Effect (offlex Effect). This post-stimulation effect is generally considered to be a continuation of the immediate effect, similar to the immediate effect. The duration time is generally between 1h and 1d and mainly depends on the stimulation time and the current density.
tDCS has been widely studied and used in the treatment of brain injury (e.g., hemiplegia), mood disorders (e.g., depression), and addictive behaviors (e.g., smoking addiction). However, the therapeutic effect cannot be kept consistent, and because human cerebral neurons are very fragile, in the process of completing transcranial direct current stimulation, the situation that a patient is painful due to unstable current control easily occurs, and the uncontrolled current easily damages the cerebral neurons of the patient, so that the existing cranial direct current stimulation equipment is not safe and reliable enough.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the operation of the cranial direct current stimulation device is not safe and reliable enough and the harm is easily brought to patients, and provides the cranial direct current stimulation device which has the advantages of controlling the stable rising and falling of current, reducing the pain generated by stimulation, protecting the cerebral neurons of human beings and being safer and more reliable to use.
The invention realizes the aim through the following technical scheme, and the transcranial direct current stimulation device comprises an electrode plate and a controller, wherein a circuit board in the controller is integrated with:
the power supply stimulation circuit is used for outputting transcranial direct current for regulating the activity of the neurons of the cerebral cortex;
the main control circuit is used for controlling the size of the output power supply stimulation circuit and comprises a control system consisting of a single chip microcomputer and a DAC conversion chip;
the protection circuit is used for controlling the output current of the power supply stimulation circuit not to exceed a threshold value;
and the power supply module is used for providing working electric energy for the power supply stimulation circuit, the main control circuit and the protection circuit.
Preferably, the power supply stimulation circuit comprises a controllable precision voltage-stabilizing source and a peripheral current-stabilizing circuit.
Preferably, an operational amplifier is further connected between the single chip microcomputer of the main control circuit and the DAC conversion chip, and the single chip microcomputer comprises a microcontroller and a program burning module.
Preferably, the protection circuit comprises a current detection resistor connected with the input end of the main control circuit and a relay for controlling the output of the power supply module.
Preferably, the output voltage of the power supply module is 9V.
Preferably, the electrode plate comprises an anode electrode and a cathode electrode, both of which are made of conductive rubber, wherein one surface of the conductive rubber, which is in contact with the skin, is coated with silica gel, and the other surface of the silica gel is coated with electrode paste.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can provide stable and constant current no matter how the resistance of the brain changes by combining the power supply stimulation circuit with the main control circuit and the protection circuit, the controllable precise voltage stabilizing source in the power supply stimulation circuit and the peripheral current stabilizing circuit can output stable current to stimulate the neurons of the brain, so as to ensure that the current slowly and uniformly rises before the stimulation starts and slowly and uniformly falls after the stimulation is finished, and the protection circuit is used for ensuring that the current flowing through the brain is not too large, so that the use is safer and more reliable, and the brain of a patient can not be damaged in the stimulation process.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall apparatus structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall circuit configuration of the controller according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a power supply stimulation circuit according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a master control circuit according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a protection circuit according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. electrode slice, 2, controller.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a transcranial direct current stimulation device comprises an electrode plate 1 and a controller 2, wherein the controller 2 is used for supplying power and controlling current, the electrode plate 1 is attached to neurons of a human brain and used for conducting electricity to stimulate the neurons, the electrode plate 1 comprises an anode electrode and a cathode electrode which are made of conducting rubber, one surface of the conducting rubber, which is in contact with the skin, is coated with silica gel, the surface of the silica gel is coated with electrode paste, the surface of the silica gel enables the electrode plate 1 to be attached to the skin of a patient more comfortably, and the electrode paste increases the conductivity of the conducting rubber.
As shown in fig. 2, the circuit board in the controller 2 has integrated thereon:
the power supply stimulation circuit is used for outputting transcranial direct current for regulating the activity of neurons in cerebral cortex, and comprises a controllable precise voltage stabilizing source and a peripheral current stabilizing circuit, as shown in figure 3, the output voltage can be set to any value in a range from Verf (2.5V) to 36V by using a circuit containing a TL431 chip, TL431 is the controllable precise voltage stabilizing source, the output voltage can be set to be Verf (2.5V) to any value, the typical dynamic impedance is 0.2 omega, the voltage difference between a REF end (1 foot) and an ANODE end (2 feet) is stabilized to be 2.5V by regulating the current of a CATHODE (3 foot) in general, a resistor R2 is used for simulating the resistance of a human brain in figure 3, the resistance of the human brain is smaller than 5k omega in the condition that the scalp and the electrode are in good contact, the circuit uses the resistance of 10k omega to simulate the limit condition, R1 and a variable resistor R0 are connected in series for controlling the magnitude of the constant current source, and a control circuit is also connected in, when the current flowing through R2 is too large, the voltage difference between the Ref end and the Anode end of TL431 exceeds 2.5V, and the current at the Cathode end is increased, so that the voltage of the base of transistor Q1 is reduced, the voltage difference between the two ends of R2 is reduced, and the current flowing through R2 falls back; on the contrary, when the current flowing through R2 is too small, a similar feedback effect is obtained, so as to achieve the purpose of stabilizing the output current.
As shown in fig. 4, master control circuit for control output the size of power supply stimulation circuit, master control circuit includes the control system that singlechip and DAC conversion chip are constituteed, still be connected with operational amplifier between master control circuit's singlechip and the DAC conversion chip, the singlechip includes microcontroller and procedure burning record module, and the singlechip adopts Arduino singlechip, burns record the module through the procedure and can write into the procedure of control current size in the Arduino singlechip in advance, when amazing with tDCS, what mainly need control is that the rising phase that begins amazing and the decline phase that finishes amazing, the procedure sets up to: the current intensity needs to be increased slowly within 30s when the current is started, and also slowly decreased within 30s when the current is decreased, so that the user can easily adapt without suddenly feeling pain. The DAC conversion chip adopts an inverted T-shaped resistor network D/A converter AD7533, and in order to realize the DA conversion function, the operation amplification accessed from the outside is solved into an LM358 chip. The ports D0 to D7 are connected to the output end of the Arduino single chip microcomputer, the Arduino parallel output digital signal is converted into an analog voltage value through AD7533 and LM358 and then is output from Vo, the Vo is connected with R1 and R0 in the main circuit in series, and the function of the Vo is equivalent to a digital variable resistor.
As shown in fig. 5, the protection circuit is configured to control the output current of the power supply stimulation circuit not to exceed a threshold, the protection circuit includes a current detection resistor connected to the input terminal of the main control circuit and a relay for controlling the output of the power supply module, and a current signal transmitted to the main control circuit through the current detection resistor can be turned off when the detected current is too large, so as to stop stimulation and protect the patient.
The power supply module is used for providing working electric energy of the power supply stimulation circuit, the main control circuit and the protection circuit, the output voltage of the power supply module is 9V, and the output current and voltage are prevented from being overlarge.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (6)
1. The transcranial direct current stimulation device comprises an electrode plate (1) and a controller (2), and is characterized in that a circuit board in the controller (2) is integrated with:
the power supply stimulation circuit is used for outputting transcranial direct current for regulating the activity of the neurons of the cerebral cortex;
the main control circuit is used for controlling the size of the output power supply stimulation circuit and comprises a control system consisting of a single chip microcomputer and a DAC conversion chip;
the protection circuit is used for controlling the output current of the power supply stimulation circuit not to exceed a threshold value;
and the power supply module is used for providing working electric energy for the power supply stimulation circuit, the main control circuit and the protection circuit.
2. The transcranial direct current stimulation device according to claim 1, wherein the power supply stimulation circuit comprises a controllable precision voltage regulator and a peripheral current stabilization circuit.
3. The transcranial direct current stimulation device according to claim 1, wherein an operational amplifier is further connected between a single chip microcomputer of the main control circuit and the DAC conversion chip, and the single chip microcomputer comprises a microcontroller and a program burning module.
4. The transcranial direct current stimulation device according to claim 1, wherein the protection circuit comprises a current detection resistor connected with an input end of the main control circuit and a relay controlling an output of the power supply module.
5. The transcranial direct current stimulation device according to claim 1, wherein the output voltage of the power supply module is 9V.
6. The transcranial direct current stimulation device according to claim 1, wherein the electrode slice (1) comprises a positive electrode and a negative electrode, the positive electrode and the negative electrode are made of conductive rubber, one surface of the conductive rubber, which is in contact with the skin, is coated with silica gel, and the other surface of the silica gel is coated with electrode paste.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110224857.1A CN112999512A (en) | 2021-03-01 | 2021-03-01 | Transcranial direct current stimulation device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110224857.1A CN112999512A (en) | 2021-03-01 | 2021-03-01 | Transcranial direct current stimulation device |
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| CN112999512A true CN112999512A (en) | 2021-06-22 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20110288610A1 (en) * | 2008-11-21 | 2011-11-24 | Burkhard Brocke | Mobile device for transcranial auto-stimulation and method for controlling and regulating the device |
| KR20120019913A (en) * | 2010-08-27 | 2012-03-07 | 연세대학교 산학협력단 | Transcranial direct current stimulation apparatus and system including the same |
| CN108671389A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-10-19 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院军事医学研究院 | Multi-mode is wearable through cranium electric current stimulating apparatus |
| CN113018683A (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2021-06-25 | 安徽效隆科技有限公司 | Transcranial real-time alternating current stimulation equipment and current control method |
-
2021
- 2021-03-01 CN CN202110224857.1A patent/CN112999512A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20110288610A1 (en) * | 2008-11-21 | 2011-11-24 | Burkhard Brocke | Mobile device for transcranial auto-stimulation and method for controlling and regulating the device |
| KR20120019913A (en) * | 2010-08-27 | 2012-03-07 | 연세대학교 산학협력단 | Transcranial direct current stimulation apparatus and system including the same |
| CN108671389A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-10-19 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院军事医学研究院 | Multi-mode is wearable through cranium electric current stimulating apparatus |
| CN113018683A (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2021-06-25 | 安徽效隆科技有限公司 | Transcranial real-time alternating current stimulation equipment and current control method |
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