CN112987350A - Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles and display device - Google Patents
Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles and display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112987350A CN112987350A CN202110177260.6A CN202110177260A CN112987350A CN 112987350 A CN112987350 A CN 112987350A CN 202110177260 A CN202110177260 A CN 202110177260A CN 112987350 A CN112987350 A CN 112987350A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/1323—Arrangements for providing a switchable viewing angle
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
Abstract
The invention discloses a display panel with switchable wide and narrow visual angles and a display device, wherein the display panel with switchable wide and narrow visual angles comprises a dimming box, the dimming box comprises a first substrate, a second substrate arranged opposite to the first substrate and a first liquid crystal layer arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate, the first liquid crystal layer comprises liquid crystal molecules and dye liquid crystal molecules which are mixed with each other, the light absorption capacity of the long axis of the dye liquid crystal molecules is larger than that of the short axis, a first electrode strip is arranged on the first substrate, a second electrode strip is arranged on the second substrate, and the projections of the first electrode strip and the second electrode strip in the direction parallel to the first substrate are mutually staggered. Through the slope of drive dyestuff liquid crystal molecule for dyestuff liquid crystal molecule absorbs the light at big visual angle direction, thereby darkens at big visual angle direction and realizes narrow visual angle and show, can not dazzle when big visual angle, has better narrow visual angle effect, only needs drive dyestuff liquid crystal molecule to deflect less angle moreover, and drive voltage is lower, saves the consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a display panel and a display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles.
Background
With the continuous progress of the liquid crystal display technology, the visual angle of the display has been widened from about 111 ° to over 122 °, and people want to effectively protect business confidentiality and personal privacy while enjoying visual experience brought by a large visual angle, so as to avoid business loss or embarrassment caused by the leakage of screen information. Therefore, in addition to the requirement of wide viewing angle, in many cases, the display device is required to have the function of switching between wide and narrow viewing angles.
At present mainly take attached tripe barrier film on the display screen to realize the switching of wide narrow visual angle, when needs peep-proof, utilize the tripe barrier film to cover the screen and can reduce the visual angle, but this kind of mode needs additionally to prepare the tripe barrier film, can cause very big inconvenience for the user, and a tripe barrier film can only realize a visual angle, in case after the attached tripe barrier film, the visual angle is just fixed in narrow visual angle mode, lead to can't freely switch between wide visual angle mode and narrow visual angle mode, and the peep-proof piece can cause the luminance to reduce and influence the display effect.
In the prior art, a vertical electric field is applied to liquid crystal molecules by using a viewing angle control electrode on one side of a Color Filter (CF) substrate, so that liquid crystals deflect in a vertical direction, and light leaks in a large viewing angle direction, thereby realizing a narrow viewing angle mode. However, the display panel realizes a narrow viewing angle through large viewing angle light leakage, the narrow viewing angle effect is glaring and poor, and the narrow viewing angle requires a strong voltage to be applied, so that the power consumption is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the disadvantages and shortcomings of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a display panel and a display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, so as to solve the problems of poor narrow viewing angle effect and high power consumption of the display panel in the prior art.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a display panel with switchable wide and narrow visual angles, which comprises a dimming box, wherein the dimming box comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a first liquid crystal layer, wherein the second substrate is arranged opposite to the first substrate, the first liquid crystal layer is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate, the first liquid crystal layer comprises liquid crystal molecules and dye liquid crystal molecules which are mixed with each other, the light absorption capacity of the long axis of the dye liquid crystal molecules is greater than that of the short axis, a first electrode strip is arranged on the first substrate, a second electrode strip is arranged on the second substrate, and the projections of the first electrode strip and the second electrode strip in the direction parallel to the first substrate are mutually staggered;
in a first viewing angle mode, the voltage difference between the first electrode strips and the second electrode strips is smaller than a first preset value;
and in a second viewing angle mode, the voltage difference between the first electrode strips and the second electrode strips is greater than a second preset value, and an inclined electric field is formed between the first electrode strips and the second electrode strips.
Furthermore, the first electrode strip and the second electrode strip are both straight strip-shaped structures, and the first electrode strip and the second electrode strip extend towards the same direction.
Further, this changeable display panel of wide and narrow visual angle has a plurality of pixel units that are array distribution, this first electrode strip includes first horizontal electrode strip and first longitudinal electrode strip, this second electrode strip includes second horizontal electrode strip and second longitudinal electrode strip, this first horizontal electrode strip arranges with this second horizontal electrode strip in turn, this first longitudinal electrode strip arranges with this second longitudinal electrode strip in turn, all correspond in every this pixel unit and be equipped with this first horizontal electrode strip, this first longitudinal electrode strip, this second horizontal electrode strip and this second longitudinal electrode strip.
Furthermore, the first transverse electrode strip and the second transverse electrode strip are arranged in the upper half area of the pixel unit, and the first longitudinal electrode strip and the second longitudinal electrode strip are arranged in the lower half area of the pixel unit; or the upper half area and the lower half area of the pixel unit are provided with the first transverse electrode strip, the first longitudinal electrode strip, the second transverse electrode strip and the second longitudinal electrode strip.
Further, the center line of the first electrode strip is aligned with the center line of the gap between two adjacent second electrode strips, and the center line of the second electrode strip is aligned with the center line of the gap between two adjacent first electrode strips.
Further, the width of the first electrode strip is greater than the width of a gap between two adjacent second electrode strips, and the width of the second electrode strip is greater than the width of a gap between two adjacent first electrode strips.
Further, the liquid crystal molecules are negative liquid crystal molecules, and the negative liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules are aligned perpendicular to the surfaces of the first substrate and the second substrate.
Further, the display panel further comprises a display liquid crystal box, the display liquid crystal box and the dimming box are arranged in a stacked mode, and the dimming box is located above or below the display liquid crystal box.
Furthermore, the display liquid crystal box comprises a color film substrate, an array substrate arranged opposite to the color film substrate and a second liquid crystal layer positioned between the color film substrate and the array substrate, wherein an upper polarizer is arranged on the color film substrate, a lower polarizer is arranged on the array substrate, and a light transmission axis of the upper polarizer is vertical to a light transmission axis of the lower polarizer.
The invention also provides a display device which comprises the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the display panel with the switchable wide and narrow visual angles comprises a dimming box, the dimming box comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a first liquid crystal layer, the second substrate is arranged opposite to the first substrate, the first liquid crystal layer is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate, the first liquid crystal layer comprises liquid crystal molecules and dye liquid crystal molecules which are mixed with each other, the light absorption capacity of the long axis of the dye liquid crystal molecules is larger than that of the short axis, a first electrode strip is arranged on the first substrate, a second electrode strip is arranged on the second substrate, and the first electrode strip and the projection of the second electrode strip in the direction parallel to the first substrate are mutually staggered. Through the slope of drive dyestuff liquid crystal molecule for dyestuff liquid crystal molecule absorbs the light at big visual angle direction, thereby darkens at big visual angle direction and realizes narrow visual angle and show, can not dazzle when big visual angle, has better narrow visual angle effect, only needs drive dyestuff liquid crystal molecule to deflect less angle moreover, and drive voltage is lower, saves the consumption.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of a first electrode strip according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic plan view of a first electrode strip according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic plan view of a first electrode strip according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic plan view of a second electrode strip according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view of a display device according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a second schematic plan view of the display device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description will be given of specific embodiments, structures, features and effects of the display panel and the display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments:
[ example one ]
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in a first embodiment of the present invention, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in the first embodiment of the present invention, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in the first embodiment of the present invention, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in the first embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 5 is a schematic plan structural diagram of a first electrode bar in the first embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes a light modulation cell 10 and a display liquid crystal cell 20, wherein the light modulation cell 10 and the display liquid crystal cell 20 are stacked. In this embodiment, the dimming cell 10 is disposed above the display liquid crystal cell 20, that is, the display liquid crystal cell 20 is disposed between the dimming cell 10 and the backlight module 40, the dimming cell 10 is used for controlling a viewing angle of the display device, and the display liquid crystal cell 20 is used for controlling the display device to display a normal picture. Of course, the light modulation cell 10 may be disposed below the display liquid crystal cell 20.
The light modulation box 10 includes a first substrate 11, a second substrate 12 disposed opposite to the first substrate 11, and a first liquid crystal layer 13 disposed between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, wherein the first liquid crystal layer 13 includes liquid crystal molecules 131 and dye liquid crystal molecules 132 mixed with each other, and a light absorption capacity of a long axis of the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 is greater than a light absorption capacity of a short axis. The first substrate 11 is provided with first electrode stripes 111, the second substrate 12 is provided with second electrode stripes 121, projections of the first electrode stripes 111 and the second electrode stripes 121 in a direction parallel to the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 are staggered with each other, for example, projections of the first electrode stripes 111 and the second electrode stripes 121 on the first substrate 11 are staggered with each other.
Preferably, the center line of the first electrode stripe 111 is aligned with the center line of the gap between two adjacent second electrode stripes 121, and the center line of the second electrode stripe 121 is aligned with the center line of the gap between two adjacent first electrode stripes 111. The width of the first electrode strips 111 is greater than the width of the gap between two adjacent second electrode strips 121, and the width of the second electrode strips 121 is greater than the width of the gap between two adjacent first electrode strips 111, so that the narrow viewing angle effect caused by the overlarge interval between the electrode strips is avoided. In this embodiment, the widths of the first electrode stripes 111 and the second electrode stripes 121 are both 10 μm, the gaps between the adjacent first electrode stripes 111 and the gaps between the adjacent second electrode stripes 121 are both 3 μm, and the overlapping width of the adjacent first electrode stripes 111 and the adjacent second electrode stripes 121 is 3.5 μm. Of course, the specific size can be set according to the actual situation, and is not limited to this.
In the present embodiment, the liquid crystal molecules 131 in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are negative liquid crystal molecules (liquid crystal molecules having negative dielectric anisotropy), and as shown in fig. 1, in the initial state (wide viewing angle), the negative liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are in an attitude perpendicular to the surfaces of the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12. It is understood that, in the present embodiment, an alignment layer needs to be disposed on both sides of the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 facing the first liquid crystal layer 13 to align the first liquid crystal layer 13. The dye liquid crystal molecules 132 are positive dye liquid crystal molecules, the light absorption capacity of the long axis of the positive dye liquid crystal molecules is greater than that of the short axis, and the positive dye liquid crystal molecules have the characteristics that the long axis has strong light absorption capacity and the short axis has weak light absorption capacity. In the initial state, the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 are perpendicular to the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, and have a weak light absorption capability for light perpendicular to the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, but have a strong light absorption capability for light with a large inclination angle, that is, the display panel has a narrow viewing angle in the initial state, as shown in fig. 2. The dye liquid crystal molecules 132 may be black dye liquid crystal molecules or purple black dye liquid crystal molecules, and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 may be prepared by dyeing liquid crystal molecules, but cannot be deflected in an electric field, and the liquid crystal molecules 131 are required to carry the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 to rotate in the electric field. Of course, in other embodiments, the liquid crystal molecules 131 may also be positive liquid crystal molecules and aligned parallel to the surfaces of the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, but a voltage needs to be applied to the first electrode stripes 111 and the second electrode stripes 121 regardless of the wide viewing angle or the narrow viewing angle, which results in higher power consumption, but this embodiment is not excluded.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, in this embodiment, the first electrode stripes 111 and the second electrode stripes 121 are both planar electrodes, the cross-sectional shapes of the first electrode stripes 111 and the second electrode stripes 121 are rectangular, the top planar structures of the first electrode stripes 111 and the second electrode stripes 121 are both straight stripe structures, and the first electrode stripes 111 and the second electrode stripes 121 extend in the same direction, so that the display panel realizes a wide viewing angle in the up-down direction or the left-right direction. Wherein the plurality of first electrode bars 111 may be conductively connected together in the non-display area and applied with the same electrical signal, and the plurality of second electrode bars 121 may be conductively connected together in the non-display area and applied with the same electrical signal.
The display liquid crystal cell 20 includes a color filter substrate 21, an array substrate 22 disposed opposite to the color filter substrate 21, and a second liquid crystal layer 23 located between the color filter substrate 21 and the array substrate 22. Preferably, positive liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules having positive dielectric anisotropy, are used in the second liquid crystal layer 23, and in an initial state, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 are aligned parallel to the color filter substrate 21 and the array substrate 22, and the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules on a side close to the color filter substrate 21 is parallel to or antiparallel to the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules on a side close to the array substrate 22. An upper polarizer 31 is arranged on the color film substrate 21, a lower polarizer 32 is arranged on the array substrate 22, and a transmission axis of the upper polarizer 31 is perpendicular to a transmission axis of the lower polarizer 32.
The color filter substrate 21 is provided with color resist layers 212 arranged in an array and a first black matrix 211 separating the color resist layers 212, and the color resist layers 212 include color resist materials of three colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B), and correspondingly form sub-pixels of three colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B).
Further, a second black matrix 112 is disposed on the first substrate 11 or the second substrate 12. In this embodiment, the first substrate 11 is provided with the second black matrix 112, and the second black matrix 112 is only disposed in the peripheral non-display region, that is, the second black matrix 112 corresponds to the first black matrix 211 of the non-display region, so as to reduce light leakage. The first substrate 11 is provided with a plurality of pillars corresponding to the areas covered by the first black matrix 211 for supporting the dimming cell 10. Of course, a plurality of pillars are also disposed in the display liquid crystal cell 20 to support the display liquid crystal cell 20. The first substrate 11 is further provided with a first flat layer covering the first electrode strips 111, and the second substrate 12 is further provided with a second flat layer covering the second electrode strips 121, so that the problem of short circuit caused by external force extrusion deformation is solved. Of course, an insulating layer may be provided on at least one of the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 to enhance the insulating effect, and since the flat layer has a certain insulating property, the insulating layer may not be provided. In other embodiments, the second black matrix 112 may also completely correspond to the first black matrix 211, that is, the projections of the second black matrix 112 and the first black matrix 211 on the color filter substrate 21 are overlapped, but the light transmittance is affected.
The array substrate 22 defines a plurality of pixel units SP on a side facing the second liquid crystal layer 23 by a plurality of scan lines and a plurality of data lines insulated from and crossing each other, a pixel electrode 222 and a thin film transistor are provided in each pixel unit SP, and the pixel electrode 222 is electrically connected to the data line of the adjacent thin film transistor through the thin film transistor. The thin film transistor includes a gate electrode, an active layer, a drain electrode, and a source electrode, the gate electrode and the scan line are located in the same layer and electrically connected, the gate electrode and the active layer are isolated by an insulating layer, the source electrode and the data line are electrically connected, and the drain electrode and the pixel electrode 222 are electrically connected through a contact hole.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, a common electrode 221 is further disposed on a side of the array substrate 22 facing the second liquid crystal layer 23, and the common electrode 221 and the pixel electrode 222 are located at different layers and insulated and isolated by an insulating layer. The common electrode 221 may be located above or below the pixel electrode 222 (the common electrode 221 is located below the pixel electrode 222 in fig. 1). Preferably, the common electrode 221 is a planar electrode disposed over the entire surface, and the pixel electrode 222 is a block electrode disposed in one block in each pixel unit SP or a slit electrode having a plurality of electrode bars to form a Fringe Field Switching (FFS) mode. Of course, In other embodiments, the pixel electrode 222 and the common electrode 221 may be located on the same layer, but they are insulated from each other, each of the pixel electrode 222 and the common electrode 221 may include a plurality of electrode strips, and the electrode strips of the pixel electrode 222 and the electrode strips of the common electrode 221 are alternately arranged to form an In-Plane Switching (IPS) mode; alternatively, in other embodiments, the array substrate 22 is provided with the pixel electrode 222 on a side facing the second liquid crystal layer 23, and the color filter substrate 21 is provided with the common electrode 221 on a side facing the second liquid crystal layer 23 to form a TN mode or a VA mode, and for other descriptions of the TN mode and the VA mode, reference is made to the prior art, and details are not repeated here.
The first substrate 11, the second substrate 12, the color filter substrate 21, and the array substrate 22 may be made of glass, acrylic, polycarbonate, or other materials. The material of the first and second electrode bars 111 and 121, the common electrode 221, and the pixel electrode 222 may be Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO), or the like.
Further, a backlight module 40 is disposed on a side of the light adjusting box 10 away from the display liquid crystal box 20, and preferably, the backlight module 40 adopts a Collimated Backlight (CBL) mode, which can receive light to ensure a display effect. Of course, in other embodiments, the backlight module 40 may also adopt a side-in type backlight source.
The backlight module 40 includes a backlight 41 and a privacy layer 43, and the privacy layer 43 is used to reduce the range of the light exit angle. A brightness enhancement film 42 is further arranged between the backlight 41 and the peep-proof layer 43, and the brightness enhancement film 42 increases the brightness of the backlight module 40. The peep-proof layer 43 is a micro louver structure, and can block light rays with a large incident angle, so that light rays with a small incident angle can pass through the peep-proof layer 43, and the angle range of the light rays passing through the peep-proof layer 43 is reduced. The peep-proof layer 43 includes a plurality of parallel arranged light resistance walls and a light hole between two adjacent light resistance walls, and light absorption materials are arranged on two sides of the light resistance walls. The backlight module 41 may be a side-in type backlight module or a collimating type backlight module.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the narrow viewing angle mode (the first display mode), a dc common voltage Vcom is applied to the common electrode 221, a first voltage is applied to the first electrode stripes 111, a second voltage is applied to the second electrode stripes 121, a voltage difference between the first voltage and the second voltage is smaller than a first preset value (for example, smaller than 0.2V, which may be 0V), and no or a small oblique electric field is formed between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12. Specifically, the first electrode bars 111 and the second electrode bars 121 are each 0V. The negative liquid crystal molecules and the dyed liquid crystal molecules 132 of the first liquid crystal layer 13 are not substantially deflected in the vertical direction and maintain the initial posture, and display with a narrow viewing angle is performed. The pixel electrode 222 applies a corresponding gray scale voltage, a voltage difference is formed between the pixel electrode 222 and the common electrode 221, a horizontal electric field (E1 in fig. 1) is generated, and the positive liquid crystal molecules are deflected in a direction parallel to the horizontal electric field in the horizontal direction, the gray scale voltage includes 0-255 gray scale voltages, and when different gray scale voltages are applied to the pixel electrode 222, the pixel unit presents different brightness, thereby displaying different pictures, and realizing normal display of the display device under a narrow viewing angle.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in the wide viewing angle mode (the second display mode), the dc common voltage Vcom is applied to the common electrode 221, the third voltage is applied to the first electrode stripes 111, the fourth voltage is applied to the second electrode stripes 121, a large voltage difference (for example, greater than 1V and less than 3V) exists between the third voltage and the fourth voltage, and a strong oblique electric field is formed between the first electrode stripes 111 and the second electrode stripes 121. The negative liquid crystal molecules and the dyed liquid crystal molecules 132 of the first liquid crystal layer 13 are largely deflected in the vertical direction and are in an inclined posture, and the negative liquid crystal molecules and the dyed liquid crystal molecules 132 do not need to be deflected to be parallel to the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12. However, the negative liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 near the centers of the first electrode stripes 111 and the second electrode stripes 121 are affected by the negative liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 at the periphery, so that the vertical posture similar to that of the initial substrate is maintained without large deflection in practice, the display device can see the picture in the oblique viewing direction, and the display device finally realizes wide viewing angle display. The voltages applied to the first electrode stripes 111 and the second electrode stripes 121 may be set according to actual conditions to control the deflection angles of the negative liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132, and the deflection angles of the negative liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 are not preferably too large. The pixel electrode 222 applies a corresponding gray scale voltage, a voltage difference is formed between the pixel electrode 222 and the common electrode 221, and a horizontal electric field (E1 in fig. 3) is generated, so that the positive liquid crystal molecules are deflected in a direction parallel to the horizontal electric field in the horizontal direction, the gray scale voltage includes 0-255 gray scale voltages, and when different gray scale voltages are applied to the pixel electrode 222, the pixel unit presents different brightness, thereby displaying different pictures, and realizing normal display of the display device under a wide viewing angle.
[ example two ]
Fig. 6 is a schematic plan view of a first electrode strip according to a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles provided by the second embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles provided by the first embodiment (fig. 1 to 5), except that in this embodiment, the first electrode stripes 111 include first transverse electrode stripes 111a and first longitudinal electrode stripes 111b, the second electrode stripes 121 include second transverse electrode stripes and second longitudinal electrode stripes, the first transverse electrode stripes 111a and the second transverse electrode stripes are alternately arranged, the first longitudinal electrode stripes 111b and the second longitudinal electrode stripes are alternately arranged, and each pixel unit SP is correspondingly provided with the first transverse electrode stripes 111a, the first longitudinal electrode stripes 111b, the second transverse electrode stripes, and the second longitudinal electrode stripes. The central line of the first transverse electrode strip 111a is aligned with the central line of the gap between two adjacent second transverse electrodes, and the central line of the second transverse electrode is aligned with the central line of the gap between two adjacent first transverse electrode strips 111 a; the center line of the first longitudinal electrode stripe 111b is aligned with the center line of the gap between two adjacent second longitudinal electrode stripes, and the center line of the second longitudinal electrode stripe is aligned with the center line of the gap between two adjacent first longitudinal electrode stripes 111 b. The second electrode stripes 121 are similar to the first electrode stripes 111, except that the projections on the first substrate 11 or the second substrate 12 have a certain offset.
Further, the first and second horizontal electrode stripes 111a and 111b are disposed in the upper half area of the pixel unit SP, and the first and second vertical electrode stripes are disposed in the lower half area of the pixel unit SP. Therefore, the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles can realize all-dimensional wide and narrow viewing angles.
Further, the first transverse electrode stripes 111a and the first longitudinal electrode stripes 111b are electrically connected to each other, and may be electrically connected through electrodes in the regions corresponding to the first black matrix 211, or may be electrically connected in the non-display region, so that the same voltage is applied to the first transverse electrode stripes 111a and the first longitudinal electrode stripes 111 b. Similarly, the second horizontal electrode stripes and the second vertical electrode stripes are electrically connected to each other, and may be electrically connected through electrodes in the area corresponding to the second black matrix 211, or may be electrically connected in the non-display area, so that the same voltage is applied to the second horizontal electrode stripes and the second vertical electrode stripes.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the rest of the structure and the operation principle of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.
[ third example ]
Fig. 7 is a schematic plan view of a first electrode strip in the third embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 8 is a schematic plan view of a second electrode strip in the third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 7 and 8, a display panel capable of switching a wide and a narrow viewing angle according to a third embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the display panel capable of switching a wide and a narrow viewing angle according to the first embodiment (fig. 1 to 5), except that in the present embodiment, the first electrode stripes 111 include first transverse electrode stripes 111a and first longitudinal electrode stripes 111b, the second electrode stripes 121 include second transverse electrode stripes 121a and second longitudinal electrode stripes 121b, the first transverse electrode stripes 111a and the second transverse electrode stripes 121a are alternately arranged, the first longitudinal electrode stripes 111b and the second longitudinal electrode stripes 121b are alternately arranged, and each pixel unit SP is correspondingly provided with the first transverse electrode stripes 111a, the first longitudinal electrode stripes 111b, the second transverse electrode stripes 121a, and the second longitudinal electrode stripes 121 b. The first transverse electrode bars 111a correspond to gaps between adjacent second transverse electrode bars 121a, and the second transverse electrode bars 121a correspond to gaps between adjacent first transverse electrode bars 111 a; the first longitudinal electrode bars 111b correspond to gaps between adjacent second longitudinal electrode bars 121b, and the second longitudinal electrode bars 121b correspond to gaps between adjacent first longitudinal electrode bars 111 b. The center line of the first transverse electrode stripe 111a is aligned with the center line of the gap between two adjacent second transverse electrodes 121a, and the center line of the second transverse electrode 121a is aligned with the center line of the gap between two adjacent first transverse electrode stripes 111 a; the central line of the first longitudinal electrode strip 111b is aligned with the central line of the gap between two adjacent second longitudinal electrode strips 121b, and the central line of the second longitudinal electrode strip 121b is aligned with the central line of the gap between two adjacent first longitudinal electrode strips 111b
Furthermore, the upper half area and the lower half area of the pixel unit SP are respectively provided with the first transverse electrode strip 111a, the first longitudinal electrode strip 111b, the second transverse electrode strip 121a and the second longitudinal electrode strip 121b, so that the wide and narrow viewing angles can be realized, and the wide and narrow viewing angles can be better.
Further, the first transverse electrode stripes 111a and the first longitudinal electrode stripes 111b are electrically connected to each other, and may be electrically connected through electrodes in the regions corresponding to the first black matrix 211, or may be electrically connected in the non-display region, so that the same voltage is applied to the first transverse electrode stripes 111a and the first longitudinal electrode stripes 111 b. Similarly, the second horizontal electrode stripes 121a and the second vertical electrode stripes 121b are electrically connected to each other, and may be electrically connected through electrodes in the regions corresponding to the second black matrix 211, or may be electrically connected in the non-display region, so that the same voltage is applied to the second horizontal electrode stripes 121a and the second vertical electrode stripes 121 b.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the rest of the structure and the operation principle of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.
The invention also provides a display device which comprises the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles.
Fig. 9 and 10 are schematic plan views illustrating a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 9 and 10, the display device is provided with a viewing angle switching key 50 for a user to send a viewing angle switching request to the display device. The view switching key 50 may be a physical key (as shown in fig. 9), or may be a software control or application program (APP) to implement a switching function (as shown in fig. 10, for example, a wide view and a narrow view are set by a slider). When a user needs to switch between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle, a viewing angle switching request can be sent to the display device by operating the viewing angle switching key 50, and finally the driving chip 60 controls the electric signals applied to the first electrode strips 111 and the second electrode strips 121, so that the display device can realize the switching between the wide viewing angle and the narrow viewing angle, when the wide viewing angle is switched, the driving method of the display device adopts the driving method corresponding to the wide viewing angle mode, and when the narrow viewing angle is switched, the driving method of the display device adopts the driving method corresponding to the narrow viewing angle mode.
In this document, the terms of upper, lower, left, right, front, rear and the like are used to define the positions of the structures in the drawings and the positions of the structures relative to each other, and are only used for the sake of clarity and convenience in technical solution. It is to be understood that the use of the directional terms should not be taken to limit the scope of the claims. It is also to be understood that the terms "first" and "second," etc., are used herein for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting in number or order.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles is characterized by comprising a light modulation box (10), wherein the light modulation box (10) comprises a first substrate (11), a second substrate (12) arranged opposite to the first substrate (11) and a first liquid crystal layer (13) arranged between the first substrate (11) and the second substrate (12), the first liquid crystal layer (13) comprises liquid crystal molecules (131) and dye liquid crystal molecules (132) which are mixed with each other, the light absorption capacity of the long axis of the dye liquid crystal molecules (132) is greater than that of the short axis, first electrode strips (111) are arranged on the first substrate (11), second electrode strips (121) are arranged on the second substrate (12), and the projections of the first electrode strips (111) and the second electrode strips (121) in the direction parallel to the first substrate (11) are mutually staggered;
in a first viewing angle mode, the voltage difference between the first electrode strips (111) and the second electrode strips (121) is less than a first preset value;
in a second viewing angle mode, a voltage difference between the first electrode stripes (111) and the second electrode stripes (121) is greater than a second preset value, and an oblique electric field is formed between the first electrode stripes (111) and the second electrode stripes (121).
2. The switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel of claim 1, wherein the first electrode stripes (111) and the second electrode stripes (121) are both straight stripe structures, and the first electrode stripes (111) and the second electrode stripes (121) extend in the same direction.
3. The switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel of claim 1, the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles is provided with a plurality of pixel units (SP) distributed in an array, the first electrode stripes (111) comprise first transverse electrode stripes (111a) and first longitudinal electrode stripes (111b), the second electrode stripes (121) comprise second transverse electrode stripes (121a) and second longitudinal electrode stripes (121b), the first transverse electrode stripes (111a) and the second transverse electrode stripes (121a) are alternately arranged, the first longitudinal electrode strips (111b) and the second longitudinal electrode strips (121b) are alternately arranged, and the first transverse electrode strips (111a), the first longitudinal electrode strips (111b), the second transverse electrode strips (121a) and the second longitudinal electrode strips (121b) are correspondingly arranged in each pixel unit (SP).
4. The switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel of claim 3, wherein the first transverse electrode stripes (111a) and the second transverse electrode stripes (121a) are disposed in the upper half area of the pixel units (SP), and the first vertical electrode stripes (111b) and the second vertical electrode stripes (121b) are disposed in the lower half area of the pixel units (SP); or the upper half area and the lower half area of the pixel unit (SP) are provided with the first transverse electrode bar (111a), the first longitudinal electrode bar (111b), the second transverse electrode bar (121a) and the second longitudinal electrode bar (121 b).
5. The switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel of claim 1, wherein a center line of the first electrode bar (111) is aligned with a center line of a gap between two adjacent second electrode bars (121), and a center line of the second electrode bar (121) is aligned with a center line of a gap between two adjacent first electrode bars (111).
6. The switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel of claim 5, wherein the width of the first electrode bar (111) is greater than the width of the gap between two adjacent second electrode bars (121), and the width of the second electrode bar (121) is greater than the width of the gap between two adjacent first electrode bars (111).
7. The switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel of claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal molecules (131) are negative liquid crystal molecules, and the negative liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules (132) are aligned perpendicular to the surfaces of the first substrate (11) and the second substrate (12).
8. The switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the display panel further comprises a display liquid crystal cell (20), the display liquid crystal cell (20) is stacked with the light modulation cell (10), and the light modulation cell (10) is located above or below the display liquid crystal cell (20).
9. The display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to claim 8, wherein the display liquid crystal cell (20) includes a color filter substrate (21), an array substrate (22) disposed opposite to the color filter substrate (21), and a second liquid crystal layer (23) disposed between the color filter substrate (21) and the array substrate (22), an upper polarizer (31) is disposed on the color filter substrate (21), a lower polarizer (32) is disposed on the array substrate (22), and a transmission axis of the upper polarizer (31) is perpendicular to a transmission axis of the lower polarizer (32).
10. A display device comprising the switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN114859586A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-08-05 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | Peep-proof film and display device |
| WO2023159596A1 (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2023-08-31 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Dimming panel and display device |
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| CN110187527A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-08-30 | 上海天马微电子有限公司 | A kind of liquid crystal display device and its driving method |
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| CN106125406A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2016-11-16 | 河北工业大学 | The vertically aligned liquid crystal display that a kind of narrow visual angle shows |
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| CN113917721B (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2023-07-25 | 昆山龙腾光电股份有限公司 | Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, driving method and display device |
| WO2023159596A1 (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2023-08-31 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Dimming panel and display device |
| CN114859586A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-08-05 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | Peep-proof film and display device |
| WO2023221190A1 (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2023-11-23 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | Peep-proof film and display device |
| CN114859586B (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2023-11-28 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | Peep-proof film and display device |
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