CN112987180B - Diffraction waveguide and electronic device - Google Patents
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- CN112987180B CN112987180B CN202110341484.6A CN202110341484A CN112987180B CN 112987180 B CN112987180 B CN 112987180B CN 202110341484 A CN202110341484 A CN 202110341484A CN 112987180 B CN112987180 B CN 112987180B
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/122—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
- G02B6/124—Geodesic lenses or integrated gratings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
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Abstract
The application discloses diffraction waveguide, including the waveguide base member, the incident grating, emergent grating and orthogonal grating array all locate the waveguide base member, and the emergent grating is located between incident grating and the orthogonal grating array, the light that throws out from the incident grating includes first part light and second part light, first part light is launched into the emergent grating and is launched out the waveguide base member from the emergent grating, second part light passes the emergent grating and throws to the orthogonal grating array, the orthogonal grating array reflects second part light to the emergent grating, so that the second part light is launched out the waveguide base member from the emergent grating. The scheme can solve the problem that brightness of a virtual image is uneven due to uneven emergent light of the emergent grating in the related technology. The application discloses an electronic device.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of electronic equipment, and particularly relates to a diffraction waveguide and electronic equipment.
Background
Along with the development of the technology and the improvement of the user demand, more and more electronic equipment is flooded into the life of people, so that the life of people is facilitated. Some of these electronic devices (e.g., AR glasses) are capable of projecting virtual images into the eyes of a user simultaneously with real-world images, thereby enabling the user to see the virtual images superimposed in a real scene.
In the related art, electronic devices may generally select various waveguides such as a geometric optical waveguide and a diffractive optical waveguide to realize projection of an image. Among them, the electronic device provided with the diffractive optical waveguide has advantages of light weight, high transparency, and the like. However, during a specific operation, the micro-projector projects the virtual image onto the entrance grating, which couples the virtual image to the exit grating, and finally the exit grating projects the virtual image into the eye of the user. However, in the process of propagating the light beam in the exit grating, part of the light is continuously coupled out, and finally, in the direction away from the incident grating, the intensity of the light beam passing through the exit grating is continuously reduced, so that the light intensity of the exit grating is gradually reduced, the light emitting efficiency of the exit grating is higher on one side close to the incident grating, and is lower on the other side away from the incident grating, and finally, the light emitting is uneven, so that the presented virtual image has the problem of uneven brightness.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application aims to provide a diffraction waveguide and an electronic device, and the problem that brightness of a virtual image is uneven due to uneven emergent light of an emergent grating in the related art can be solved.
In order to solve the technical problem, the present application is implemented as follows:
in a first aspect, the present application discloses a diffractive waveguide comprising a waveguide substrate, an entrance grating, an exit grating, and an orthogonal grating array, wherein:
the incident grating, the emergent grating and the orthogonal grating array are arranged on the waveguide matrix, the emergent grating is positioned between the incident grating and the orthogonal grating array, light projected from the incident grating comprises a first part of light and a second part of light, the first part of light is projected into the emergent grating and is projected out of the waveguide matrix from the emergent grating, the second part of light passes through the emergent grating and is projected to the orthogonal grating array, and the orthogonal grating array reflects the second part of light to the emergent grating, so that the second part of light is projected out of the waveguide matrix from the emergent grating.
In a second aspect, the present application discloses an electronic device, comprising a micro-projector and a diffractive waveguide, wherein the diffractive waveguide is the diffractive waveguide of the first aspect, and the micro-projector is disposed opposite to the incident grating.
The technical scheme adopted by the application can achieve the following beneficial effects:
the diffraction waveguide disclosed in the embodiment of the application improves the correlation technique, so that the first part of light in the light emitted by the incident grating can be emitted from the emergent grating when being projected to the emergent grating, and the second part of light emitted by the incident grating can pass through the emergent grating when being projected to the emergent grating, and then is projected to the orthogonal grating array. Then, under the action of the orthogonal grating array, the light can be reflected to the emergent grating and finally emitted from the emergent grating. Because the emergent grating is positioned between the incident grating and the orthogonal grating array, the second part of light is re-emitted into one side of the emergent grating, which is back to the incident grating, so that the light supplementing effect can be achieved. The structure is equivalent to that the same light can be emitted from two opposite sides of the emergent grating, so that the problem of uneven light emission of the emergent grating can be solved, and finally the brightness uniformity of the virtual image can be improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first type of diffractive waveguide as disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the reflection of light through a first orthogonal sub-grating;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the reflection of light through a second orthogonal sub-grating;
FIG. 5 is a first schematic representation of the reflection of light through an orthogonal grating array;
FIG. 6 is a second schematic representation of the reflection of light through an orthogonal grating array;
FIG. 7 is a third schematic representation of the reflection of light through an orthogonal grating array;
FIG. 8 is a fourth schematic representation of the reflection of light through an orthogonal grating array;
FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of a first light reflection from a first diffractive waveguide;
FIG. 10 is a second light reflection diagram of the first diffractive waveguide;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a second diffractive waveguide according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a third diffractive waveguide according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth diffractive waveguide disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth type of diffractive waveguide as disclosed in embodiments herein;
FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a sixth type of diffractive waveguide as disclosed in embodiments herein;
FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a seventh diffractive waveguide according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of an eighth diffractive waveguide according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a ninth diffractive waveguide disclosed in the embodiment of the present application.
Description of reference numerals:
100-a waveguide substrate;
200-an incident grating;
300-emergent grating, 310-divergent zone and 320-square zone;
400-orthogonal grating array, 410-first orthogonal sub-grating, 420-second orthogonal sub-grating;
500-a first turning grating;
600-a second turning grating;
700-a mirror frame;
800-micro projector;
900-temple.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It will be appreciated that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that embodiments of the application are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein, and that the terms "first," "second," etc. are generally used in a generic sense and do not limit the number of terms, e.g., a first term can be one or more than one. In addition, "and/or" in the specification and claims means at least one of connected objects, a character "/" generally means that a preceding and succeeding related objects are in an "or" relationship.
The electronic device provided in the embodiments of the present application is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings through specific embodiments and application scenarios thereof.
Referring to fig. 1 to 18, the present embodiment discloses a diffractive waveguide, which includes a waveguide substrate 100, an entrance grating 200, an exit grating 300, and an orthogonal grating array 400.
The waveguide substrate 100 is a light guide device of a diffraction waveguide, and can conduct light. Of course, the waveguide substrate 100 is also a basic device of the diffraction waveguide, and the waveguide substrate 100 provides a mounting base for the components such as the incident grating 200, the exit grating 300, and the orthogonal grating array 400. In the embodiment of the present application, the incident grating 200, the exit grating 300, and the orthogonal grating array 400 are disposed on the waveguide substrate 100. Specifically, the incident grating 200, the exit grating 300, and the orthogonal grating array 400 may be disposed inside the waveguide substrate 100, so as to obtain protection of the waveguide substrate 100.
The incident grating 200 is a diffractive coupling device of a diffractive waveguide, and the incident grating 200 is used for diffractively coupling and projecting light to the waveguide substrate 100. Wherein the light can be transmitted in the waveguide substrate 100 in the form of total reflection.
The exit grating 300 is a diffractive outcoupling device of a diffractive waveguide, and the exit grating 300 is used for receiving light in the waveguide substrate 100 to perform diffractive outcoupling and projecting the light out of the waveguide substrate 100 to form a virtual image.
The orthogonal grating array 400 is a functional device for adjusting the direction of light, and the orthogonal grating array 400 can reflect the incident light to the exit grating 300. In the embodiment of the present application, the incident grating 200 is located on a first side of the exit grating 300, the orthogonal grating array 400 is located on a second side of the exit grating 300, and the first side and the second side are opposite to each other of the exit grating 300, that is, the exit grating 300 is located between the incident grating 200 and the orthogonal grating array 400.
In the operation process of the diffraction waveguide, light is projected to the incident grating 200, the incident grating 200 projects light to the waveguide substrate 100, and the light reaches the exit grating 300 by being conducted through the waveguide substrate 100, wherein the light projected from the incident grating 200 includes a first part of light and a second part of light, and the first part of light can exit the waveguide substrate 100 from the exit grating 300 when entering the exit grating 300.
Meanwhile, the second part of light is emitted into the exit grating 300, passes through the exit grating 300 and is projected to the orthogonal grating array 400, and the orthogonal grating array 400 reflects the second part of light to the exit grating 300, so that the exit grating 300 can project the second part of light out of the waveguide substrate 100. The first and second portions of light are directed from the exit grating 300 to the human eye, where the virtual image can be seen by the end user.
As can be seen from the above description, the diffraction waveguide disclosed in the embodiment of the present application improves the related art, so that a first part of light rays emitted from the incident grating 200 can be emitted from the exit grating 300 when being projected onto the exit grating 300, and a second part of light rays emitted from the incident grating 200 can pass through the exit grating 300 when being projected onto the exit grating 300, and then be projected onto the orthogonal grating array 400. Then, the light can be reflected to the exit grating 300 by the orthogonal grating array 400, and finally exits from the exit grating 300. Because the emergent grating 300 is located between the incident grating 200 and the orthogonal grating array 400, the second part of light is re-incident into the side of the emergent grating 300 opposite to the incident grating 200, and the light supplementing effect can be further achieved. The structure is equivalent to that the same light can be emitted from the two opposite sides of the emergent grating 300, so that the problem of uneven emergent light of the emergent grating 300 can be solved, and finally the brightness uniformity of the virtual image can be improved.
As shown in fig. 2, the orthogonal grating array 400 may include a plurality of orthogonal sub-gratings. Specifically, two adjacent orthogonal sub-gratings may be a first orthogonal sub-grating (as shown in fig. 3) 410 and a second orthogonal sub-grating (as shown in fig. 4) 420, respectively, where the first orthogonal sub-grating 410 is perpendicular to the second orthogonal sub-grating 420, light is reflected by the first orthogonal sub-grating 410 and the second orthogonal sub-grating 420, and both the first orthogonal sub-grating 410 and the second orthogonal sub-grating 420 play a role in reflecting light. As can be seen from fig. 5 to 8, after the light enters from different angles, the light is reflected by the first orthogonal sub-grating 410 and the second orthogonal sub-grating 420 in sequence, and the light is reflected back to the light entering side of the orthogonal grating array 400, that is, in the embodiment of the present application, the second part of the light can enter the orthogonal grating array 400 from the exit grating 300 and can be reflected back to the side where the exit grating 300 is located by the orthogonal grating array 400.
Since the first orthogonal sub-grating 410 is perpendicular (i.e. orthogonal) to the second orthogonal sub-grating 420, the second portion of light rays incident on the first orthogonal sub-grating 410 and the second orthogonal sub-grating 420 will have different turning directions, i.e. be reflected in different directions. As shown in fig. 3, the light incident on the first orthogonal sub-grating 410 (included in the second portion of light) can be expanded in one direction; as shown in fig. 4, the light entering the second orthogonal sub-grating 420 (included in the second portion of light) can be expanded in another direction.
In the embodiment of the present application, the period of the first orthogonal sub-grating 410 is a first period, the period of the second orthogonal sub-grating 420 is a second period, and the period of the incident grating 200 is a third period, and the relationship therebetween is shown in the following formula (1):
wherein Λ 1 is a first period, Λ 2 is a second period, and Λ 0 is a third period.
In the present application, each grating (the incident grating 200, the exit grating 300, the first orthogonal sub-grating 410, the second orthogonal sub-grating 420, and the first turning grating 500 and the second turning grating 600 described later) is composed of a plurality of grating strips, and there is a space between two adjacent grating strips, which may be referred to as a grating strip space. The period mentioned above refers to the sum of the spacing between two adjacent grating bars and the width of one of the grating bars. It can be seen that the first period is the sum of the width of one of the grating strips of the first orthogonal sub-grating 410 and the distance between another grating strip adjacent to the one grating strip. The second period is the sum of the width of one of the grating bars of the second orthogonal sub-grating 420 and the interval between another grating bar adjacent thereto. The third period is the sum of the width of one of the grating bars of the incident grating 200 and the distance between another adjacent grating bar, and of course, the widths of the grating bars of the gratings may be the same or different, and similarly, the distances between the grating bars of the gratings may be the same or different.
The inventor has surprisingly found that, when the first period, the second period and the third period satisfy the above formula (1), the light can be better ensured to be emitted from the incident grating 200 and finally emitted from the emergent grating 300 and then transmitted to human eyes.
As can be seen from the formula (1), the first period of the first orthogonal sub-grating 410 is equal to the second period of the second orthogonal sub-grating 420, and the beam expansion effect of the first orthogonal sub-grating 410 and the beam expansion effect of the second orthogonal sub-grating 420 are the same.
As shown in fig. 5 to 8, the first orthogonal sub-grating 410 and the second orthogonal sub-grating 420 are combined and matched to reflect the light back to the exit grating 300, specifically, the light passes through the exit grating 300 and reaches the first orthogonal sub-grating 410 and the second orthogonal sub-grating 420, the light is reflected and expanded by the first orthogonal sub-grating 410 and the second orthogonal sub-grating 420, the expanded light is reflected back to the exit grating 300, and then the waveguide substrate 100 is projected,
in the embodiment of the present application, the plurality of orthogonal sub-gratings may be distributed in a row (as shown in fig. 9 to 17), which is advantageous to reduce the occupied space of the orthogonal grating array 400. As shown in fig. 18, the plurality of orthogonal sub-gratings may also be distributed in multiple columns, where two adjacent orthogonal sub-gratings in a same column are perpendicular to each other, and two adjacent orthogonal sub-gratings in two adjacent columns are parallel to each other. By the distribution mode, the second part of light can be reflected by the orthogonal sub-grating of the next column towards the side where the emergent grating 300 is located after passing through the orthogonal sub-grating of one column to be reflected, so that the part of light is prevented from being unavailable, and the utilization rate of the light can be improved finally.
As shown in fig. 17, in an alternative scheme, a plurality of orthogonal sub-gratings are distributed in a row, a size of the orthogonal grating array 400 in an arrangement direction of the plurality of orthogonal sub-gratings is a first size, a size of the exit grating 300 in the arrangement direction is a second size, and the first size is larger than the second size. Obviously, this kind of structure is favorable to promoting the utilization ratio of light, and of course, more second partial light is reflected to emergent grating 300, is favorable to further reinforcing light filling, and then can alleviate inhomogeneous phenomenon better.
As shown in fig. 15, in yet another alternative, the plurality of orthogonal sub-gratings may be distributed in a column, and the lengths of the plurality of orthogonal sub-gratings may not be all equal, and it should be noted that the length direction of the orthogonal sub-gratings may be perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the plurality of orthogonal sub-gratings. In this case, after the light projected onto the orthogonal sub-grating with the smaller length is reflected, the light which is not reflected can be continuously reflected by the orthogonal sub-grating with the larger length, which is beneficial to improving the utilization rate of the light.
Referring to fig. 15 again, in a further technical solution, one end of the orthogonal sub-gratings adjacent to the exit grating 300 may be arranged in a collinear manner, which is beneficial to enable the second part of light to be projected to the orthogonal grating array 400 after being emitted through the exit grating 300, so that the uniformity of the light reflected to the exit grating 300 by the orthogonal sub-gratings is higher. And simultaneously, the interference of the light when the light is folded back to the emergent grating 300 can be reduced.
In another alternative, as shown in fig. 16, the ends of the plurality of orthogonal sub-gratings adjacent to the exit grating 300 may not be all collinear, and this arrangement has a low requirement for installing the plurality of orthogonal sub-gratings in a row, thereby facilitating the assembly by the worker, and further facilitating the improvement of the assembly efficiency of the diffraction waveguide.
As shown in fig. 11, the diffractive waveguide disclosed in the embodiment of the present application may further include a first turning grating 500, and the first turning grating 500 has a two-dimensional pupil expanding function. Specifically, both the first turning grating 500 and the incident grating 200 may be disposed on the same side of the exit grating 300, the incident grating 200 may be disposed opposite to a first end of the first turning grating 500, a width dimension of the first end is consistent with a width dimension of a projected light line surface of the incident grating 200, the first turning grating 500 has a second end, and a width of the first turning grating 500 increases in a direction from the first end to the second end. The first turning grating 500 can expand the light and reflect the light to the exit grating 300, the light which is not reflected near the first end can enter the first turning grating 500 again to be reflected and expanded along the direction from the first end to the second end, so that the utilization rate of the light projected by the incident grating 200 is improved, moreover, the light-emitting uniformity of the exit grating 300 is improved by adjusting the width change of the first turning grating 500, and certainly, the exit grating 300 is also favorable for finally projecting the diffraction waveguide with the width meeting the preset requirement.
In a further technical solution, as shown in fig. 12, there may be two first turning gratings 500, and specifically, the incident grating 200 may be located between the two first turning gratings 500, and the first ends of the two first turning gratings 500 are both disposed opposite to the incident grating 200.
In a specific working process, the incident grating 200 projects light from both the first direction and the second direction to the two first turning gratings 500 respectively, wherein the first direction and the second direction are opposite, the light may include a first light and a second light, after the first light is expanded from the first direction through one of the two first turning gratings 500, the first light is reflected to the exit grating 300, a part of the first light is projected out of the waveguide substrate 100 by the exit grating 300, and the rest of the first light is reflected to the orthogonal grating array 400 through the exit grating 300 and finally reflected to the exit grating 300 to project out of the waveguide substrate 100. Meanwhile, the second light beam is expanded and reflected to the exit grating 300 from the second direction through the other of the two first turning gratings 500, a part of the second light beam is projected out of the waveguide substrate 100 by the exit grating 300, and the other part of the second light beam is reflected to the orthogonal grating array 400 through the exit grating 300, and then reflected to the exit grating 300, and then projected out of the waveguide substrate 100.
As can be seen from the above operation process, in this case, the two first turning gratings 500 can receive the light beams from the two sides of the incident grating 200 and reflect the light beams to the exit grating 300. Since more light emitted from the incident grating 200 can be picked up, the utilization rate of the light can be improved. Meanwhile, the area between the two first turning gratings 500 is the first area, the incident grating 200 is located in the first area, the area opposite to the first area on the exit grating 300 is the second area, and the orthogonal grating array 400 can reflect the light back to the second area through the reflection of the light, so that the dark band in the second area can be avoided, and the uniformity of the light can be further improved.
As shown in fig. 13, the diffraction waveguide disclosed in the embodiment of the present application may further include a second turning grating 600. The second turning grating 600 may be disposed between the incident grating 200 and the exit grating 300, and the second turning grating 600 has a two-dimensional pupil expansion function, where the pupil expansion is substantially a beam expansion of light. The second turning grating 600 may be a transmission type grating. The light projected by the incident grating 200 is expanded by the second turning grating 600, and due to the transmission performance of the second turning grating 600, the light projected by the incident grating 200 can directly irradiate to the emergent grating 300 after passing through a functional part of the light while expanding the beam, so that the waste caused by the reflection of the light can be reduced, and the utilization rate of the light can be improved undoubtedly.
As shown in fig. 14, the exit grating 300 may include a plurality of third sub-gratings arranged in a row and a plurality of fourth sub-gratings arranged in a row. Specifically, the plurality of third sub-gratings and the plurality of fourth sub-gratings intersect and are perpendicular to each other, the incident grating 200 projects light to the exit grating 300, the plurality of third sub-gratings and the plurality of fourth sub-gratings expand light, and project a part of the light out of the waveguide substrate 100 from two different directions, respectively, the other part of the light passes through the exit grating 300 to the orthogonal grating array 400, the orthogonal grating array 400 reflects the other part of the light to the exit grating 300, and the plurality of third sub-gratings and the plurality of fourth sub-gratings diffract the other part of the light out of the waveguide substrate 100 from two different directions, respectively, so that the exit grating 300 can project the light of the first side and the second side out of the waveguide substrate 100 from two different directions, thereby improving the light-emitting uniformity of the exit grating 300. Meanwhile, the exit grating 300 has a two-dimensional pupil expanding effect, thereby improving the visual effect of the diffraction waveguide to display a virtual image.
In a further embodiment, the exit grating 300 may include a divergent region 310 and a square region 320, a first end of the divergent region 310 faces the entrance grating 200, and a second end of the divergent region 310 is connected to the square region 320. The width of the diverging section 310 increases in a direction in which the first end of the diverging section 310 extends toward the second end of the diverging section 310. In a specific working process, light rays of the incident grating 200 are gradually expanded after entering the exit grating 300, and therefore the light rays are not expanded to form wider light beams on one side of the exit grating 300 facing the incident grating 200, and therefore the exit grating 300 does not need to be set to have too wide size in the gradually expanding region 310, and the structure is beneficial to reducing the occupation of space of the waveguide substrate 100.
Based on the diffraction waveguide disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention disclose an electronic device, which includes the micro projector 800 and the diffraction waveguide, and the diffraction waveguide is the diffraction waveguide described in the embodiments above. The micro-projector 800 is disposed opposite to the incident grating 200.
In a specific working process, the micro-projector 800 projects light forming a virtual image to the incident grating 200 of the diffraction waveguide, the incident grating 200 then projects the light to the exit grating 300, the light projected from the incident grating 200 includes a first part of light and a second part of light, the first part of light is incident to the exit grating 300 and exits from the exit grating 300 to the waveguide substrate 100, the second part of light passes through the exit grating 300 and is projected to the orthogonal grating array 400, the orthogonal grating array 400 reflects the second part of light to the exit grating 300, the exit grating 300 projects the second part of light to the waveguide substrate 100, and finally, the first part of light and the second part of light are projected to human eyes after being emitted from the exit grating 300, so that a user can see the virtual image.
Because the diffraction waveguide disclosed in the embodiment of the application can improve the light-emitting uniformity of the emergent grating 300, the brightness of the virtual image can be more uniform, the projection quality of the virtual image of the electronic equipment can be improved, and the use experience of a user can be improved finally.
In this embodiment of the present application, there are various types of electronic devices configured with the diffractive waveguide described in the above embodiments, for example, the electronic device may be smart glasses, a smart bracelet, a smart helmet, or the like, and this embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific types of the electronic devices.
Referring to fig. 1 again, in an alternative scheme, in the case that the electronic device is a pair of smart glasses, the electronic device further includes a frame 700, and the diffractive waveguide is disposed on the frame 700. The micro-projector 800 may be mounted inside the frame 700. Of course, the micro-projector 800 may also be mounted on the temple 900.
While the present embodiments have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise embodiments described above, which are meant to be illustrative and not restrictive, and that various changes may be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A diffractive waveguide comprising a waveguide substrate, an entrance grating, an exit grating and an orthogonal grating array, wherein:
the incident grating, the emergent grating and the orthogonal grating array are arranged on the waveguide substrate, the emergent grating is positioned between the incident grating and the orthogonal grating array, the light projected from the incident grating comprises a first part of light and a second part of light, the first part of light is projected into the emergent grating and is projected out of the waveguide substrate from the emergent grating, the second part of light passes through the emergent grating and is projected to the orthogonal grating array, the orthogonal grating array reflects the second part of light to the emergent grating so that the second part of light is projected out of the waveguide substrate from the emergent grating, the emergent grating comprises a plurality of third sub-gratings arranged in rows and a plurality of fourth sub-gratings arranged in rows, and the plurality of third sub-gratings and the plurality of fourth sub-gratings are crossed, And vertically, the exit grating comprises a divergent zone and a square zone, a first end of the divergent zone faces the incident grating, a second end of the divergent zone is in butt joint with the square zone, and the width of the divergent zone increases progressively in a direction that the first end of the divergent zone extends to the second end of the divergent zone.
2. The diffractive waveguide according to claim 1, wherein said orthogonal grating array comprises a plurality of orthogonal sub-gratings, two adjacent orthogonal sub-gratings are a first orthogonal sub-grating and a second orthogonal sub-grating, respectively, said first orthogonal sub-grating and said second orthogonal sub-grating are perpendicular to each other, a period of said first orthogonal sub-grating is a first period, a period of said second orthogonal sub-grating is a second period, and a period of said incident grating is a third period, wherein:
wherein, Λ 1 Is a first period, Λ 2 Is the second period, Λ 0 Is the third cycle.
3. The diffractive waveguide according to claim 2, wherein said plurality of orthogonal sub-gratings are arranged in a single column, or wherein said plurality of orthogonal sub-gratings are arranged in a plurality of columns, wherein two adjacent orthogonal sub-gratings in a single column are perpendicular, and two adjacent orthogonal sub-gratings in two adjacent columns are parallel.
4. The diffractive waveguide according to claim 3, wherein the orthogonal sub-gratings are arranged in a row, the orthogonal sub-gratings do not have the same length, and the length direction of the orthogonal sub-gratings is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the orthogonal sub-gratings.
5. The diffractive waveguide according to claim 4, wherein said plurality of orthogonal sub-gratings are co-linearly disposed adjacent an end of said exit grating.
6. The diffractive waveguide according to claim 4, wherein one end of the plurality of orthogonal sub-gratings adjacent the exit grating are not all collinear.
7. The diffractive waveguide according to claim 1, further comprising a first turning grating, wherein said first turning grating and said incident grating are disposed on the same side of said exit grating, said incident grating is disposed opposite to a first end of said first turning grating, said first turning grating has a second end, and a width of said first turning grating increases in a direction from said first end of said first turning grating to said second end of said first turning grating.
8. The diffractive waveguide according to claim 7, wherein there are two first turning gratings, and the incident grating is located between the two first turning gratings, and the first ends of the two first turning gratings are both disposed opposite to the incident grating.
9. The diffractive waveguide according to claim 1, further comprising a second turning grating disposed between said incident grating and said exit grating, said second turning grating being a transmissive grating.
10. An electronic device comprising a micro-projector and a diffractive waveguide according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the micro-projector being disposed opposite to the incident grating.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110341484.6A CN112987180B (en) | 2021-03-30 | 2021-03-30 | Diffraction waveguide and electronic device |
| PCT/CN2022/082825 WO2022206561A1 (en) | 2021-03-30 | 2022-03-24 | Diffraction waveguide and electronic device |
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| CN202110341484.6A CN112987180B (en) | 2021-03-30 | 2021-03-30 | Diffraction waveguide and electronic device |
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| CN112987180B true CN112987180B (en) | 2022-08-23 |
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| CN112987180B (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2022-08-23 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | Diffraction waveguide and electronic device |
| CN113433622A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-24 | 北京枭龙科技有限公司 | High light efficiency grating waveguide element |
| CN115097565B (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-11-25 | 杭州光粒科技有限公司 | Optical waveguide device and preparation method thereof |
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| GB2529003B (en) * | 2014-08-03 | 2020-08-26 | Wave Optics Ltd | Optical device |
| US10241346B2 (en) * | 2016-05-07 | 2019-03-26 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Degrees of freedom for diffraction elements in wave expander |
| US10412378B2 (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2019-09-10 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Resonating optical waveguide using multiple diffractive optical elements |
| US10534176B1 (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2020-01-14 | Facebook Technologies, Llc | Waveguide display with gratings for improved diffraction efficiency |
| FI129084B (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2021-06-30 | Dispelix Oy | Diffractive display element with grating mirror |
| CN111123523B (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-10-27 | 北京枭龙科技有限公司 | Diffractive waveguide without display dark band |
| CN111240015B (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-12-18 | 北京理工大学 | Diffraction waveguide with uniform double-side outgoing light |
| CN111123524A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-05-08 | 北京枭龙科技有限公司 | Diffraction waveguide capable of expanding pupil and uniformly emitting light |
| CN112180589B (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-08-27 | 深圳市光舟半导体技术有限公司 | Optical pupil expanding device, display equipment thereof and method for outputting light and displaying image |
| CN112987180B (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2022-08-23 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | Diffraction waveguide and electronic device |
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| CN112987180A (en) | 2021-06-18 |
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