CN112983717B - Intelligent water drainage method for top cover of water turbine - Google Patents
Intelligent water drainage method for top cover of water turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN112983717B CN112983717B CN202110236201.1A CN202110236201A CN112983717B CN 112983717 B CN112983717 B CN 112983717B CN 202110236201 A CN202110236201 A CN 202110236201A CN 112983717 B CN112983717 B CN 112983717B
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- water
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
- F03B11/02—Casings
- F03B11/025—Covers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
- F03B11/008—Measuring or testing arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B23/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04B23/04—Combinations of two or more pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/06—Control using electricity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
- Control Of Non-Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent water drainage method for a water turbine top cover, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method for regulating and controlling the drainage pump set by adopting the PLC comprises the following steps: the PLC detects the height of the water level of accumulated water in the top cover of the water turbine; when the water level is detected to be larger than the lowest operation water level set value, the PLC starts a drainage pump in the drainage pump group; when the water level is detected to be lower than the lowest operation water level set value, the PLC closes the drainage pumps in all the drainage pump groups; when the water level is detected to be higher than the dangerous water level; the method for intelligently draining water from the top cover of the water turbine can intelligently control the starting sequence and the quantity of the drainage pumps, effectively solve the emergency situation that the water accumulated on the top cover of the water turbine cannot be suddenly increased due to the fact that a single drainage pump cannot deal with the sudden increase of the water accumulated on the top cover of the water turbine, and simultaneously solve the problems that the drainage pumps are frequently started due to the fact that a plurality of drainage pumps are adopted to drain water simultaneously and are closed simultaneously, the controller generates large current, the line voltage is reduced, and the service life of the drainage pumps is shortened.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of control, and particularly relates to an intelligent water drainage method for a water turbine top cover.
Background
The hydraulic generator is a generator which takes a hydraulic turbine as a prime mover to convert water energy into electric energy. When water flows through the water turbine, water energy is converted into mechanical energy, and a rotating shaft of the water turbine drives a rotor of the generator to convert the mechanical energy into electric energy for output. The top cover is one of main components of the water turbine and is one of the components of the water guide system of the water turbine. It forms a water flow path with the bottom ring and forms a sealing structure with the bottom ring and the guide vane. The top cover also has the main functions of supporting the main shaft and the guide vanes. The main shaft penetrates through the top cover and is fixed in the top cover, and the main shaft is sealed by the sealing ring. However, the main shaft is a rotating part, and the operating characteristic that the main shaft cannot be completely sealed indicates that water inevitably leaks into the top cover from the main shaft when the hydraulic turbine unit is in an operating state. In addition, in the case of long-term operation of the unit or ageing of the sealing device, the amount of water leakage will increase considerably. If the water leakage can not be discharged in time, a large amount of accumulated water can be formed to submerge the bearing, the normal operation of the hydraulic turbine unit is influenced, and finally the unit is forced to stop operation. The existing water turbine end cover drainage system mainly has the following problems: 1. when a single drainage pump fails, drainage can not be carried out in time; 2. if the running mode that a plurality of drainage pumps run for drainage simultaneously and are closed simultaneously is adopted, the drainage pumps are frequently started, and the controller controls to generate large current, so that the voltage of a line is reduced, and the service life of the drainage pumps is shortened; 3. when the efficiency of the drainage pump is reduced, the early warning can not be effectively carried out; 4. the water leakage of the top cover of the hydraulic generator cannot be judged and whether the top cover of the hydraulic generator needs to be maintained or not cannot be judged through the water leakage; 5. the drainage system can not cope with the sudden situation of the sudden increase of the water accumulated on the top cover of the water turbine.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that a drainage pump cannot drain water in time when accumulated water on a top cover of a water turbine increases suddenly, and provides an intelligent drainage method for the top cover of the water turbine, which can effectively identify whether the water pumping efficiency of the water pump is normal.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: a method for intelligently draining water on a top cover of a water turbine adopts a PLC to regulate and control a drainage pump set, and the method for draining water comprises the following steps:
the PLC detects the height of the water level of accumulated water in the top cover of the water turbine;
when the water level is detected to be larger than the lowest operation water level set value, the PLC starts a drainage pump in the drainage pump group;
when the water level is detected to be lower than the lowest operation water level set value, the PLC closes the drainage pumps in all the drainage pump groups;
when the water level is detected to be higher than the dangerous water level, the PLC starts a plurality of drainage pumps in the drainage pump group;
when the sudden increase of the water level is detected, the PLC starts a plurality of drainage pumps in the drainage pump group;
when the drainage pump in the drainage pump group is started, the PLC detects and records the flow at the outlet end of the drainage pump.
Further, the method for detecting the sudden water level increase is characterized in that the PLC records the height change of the water level of the accumulated water in the top cover of the water turbine and the time used by the PLC and calculates the rising speed of the water level.
Further, the PLC detects and records the flow at the outlet end of the drainage pump, and the PLC calculates the flow of water discharged by the outlet end of the drainage pump per second and judges whether the efficiency of the water pump is normal or not according to the flow of water discharged per second.
Further, the PLC detects and records the flow of the outlet end of the drainage pump, the PLC records the running time of the drainage pump, the water leakage amount of the water turbine top cover is calculated through the running time and the flow of the drainage pump, and when the water leakage amount is larger than a dangerous value, the PLC sends out an alarm signal.
Further, the above-mentioned per second discharged water flow rate judges whether the efficiency of this water pump is normal, including: when the PLC judges that the efficiency of the water pump is abnormal, the PLC starts the other water discharge pump in the water discharge pump group to work simultaneously and sends out an alarm signal.
Further, the method also includes detecting the temperature of the activated drainage pump by the PLC when the drainage pump in the drainage pump group is turned on, and turning off the drainage pump and activating another drainage pump in the drainage pump group when the temperature of the drainage pump is greater than a dangerous value.
Further, when the water level is detected to be greater than the lowest operation water level set value, the PLC starts one drainage pump in the drainage pump set, the information of the drainage pump started this time is recorded by the PLC, and when the water level is detected to be greater than the lowest operation water level set value next time, the PLC starts the other drainage pump in the drainage pump set and records the other drainage pump so as to circularly switch the drainage pump in the drainage pump set to work.
Further, the drain pump group includes a main drain pump and a backup drain pump.
Furthermore, the method for detecting the height of the water level of the accumulated water in the top cover of the water turbine by the PLC comprises the step of measuring by adopting two sets of independent liquid level meters.
Preferably, the above-mentioned measurement by using two sets of independent level meters includes that the PLC compares the information of the two sets of level meters, and when the water level heights measured by the two sets of level meters have a large deviation, the PLC sends out alarm information.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the intelligent drainage method for the water turbine top cover can detect the drainage efficiency of the drainage pump, and the drainage efficiency of the drainage pump is simple; in addition, when the water pump is low in efficiency, the alarm can be given in place, and the other water discharge pump can be automatically started to pump water, so that water leakage on the top cover of the water turbine can be effectively drained in time.
2. The intelligent water drainage method for the top cover of the water turbine can automatically start water drainage and prevent the problem that accumulated water on the top cover of the water turbine cannot be drained in time.
3. The method for intelligently draining water on the top cover of the water turbine has high reliability of draining water, the drainage pumps and the liquid level meters are provided with redundant designs, when one drainage pump or one liquid level meter fails, the other drainage pump or the other liquid level meter can be started to operate in time and send an alarm to remind workers of maintenance in time,
the system operation reliability is higher.
4. According to the method for intelligently draining the water from the top cover of the water turbine, the water pump can be effectively controlled to be started and closed according to the change of the water level, and the water pump can be timely closed when the liquid level is too low, so that the water pump cannot enter an underload running state, and the phenomenon of wasting electric energy is effectively reduced.
5. The method for intelligently draining the water turbine top cover can intelligently control the starting sequence and the quantity of the drainage pumps, effectively solve the problem that a single drainage pump cannot deal with the sudden increase of accumulated water on the water turbine top cover, and simultaneously solve the problems that the drainage pump is frequently started due to the fact that the drainage pump is operated by a plurality of drainage pumps simultaneously and closed simultaneously, the controller generates large current, the line voltage is reduced, and the service life of the drainage pump is shortened.
6. The method for intelligently draining the water on the top cover of the water turbine can also judge the water leakage of the top cover of the water turbine generator.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a main flow chart of a first method for intelligently draining water from a top cover of a water turbine
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention thereto. The specific experimental conditions and methods not indicated in the following examples are generally conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for intelligently draining water from a top cover of a water turbine adopts a PLC to regulate and control a drainage pump set, the drainage pump set comprises a main drainage pump and a standby drainage pump, and the method for draining water comprises the following steps:
the PLC detects the height of the water level of accumulated water in the top cover of the water turbine;
when the water level is detected to be larger than the lowest operation water level set value, the PLC starts a drainage pump in the drainage pump group;
when the water level is detected to be lower than the lowest operation water level set value, the PLC closes the drainage pumps in all the drainage pump groups;
when the water level is detected to be higher than the dangerous water level, the PLC starts a plurality of drainage pumps in the drainage pump set;
when the sudden increase of the water level is detected, the PLC starts a plurality of drainage pumps in the drainage pump group;
when the drainage pump in the drainage pump group is started, the PLC detects and records the flow at the outlet end of the drainage pump.
In order to conveniently judge whether the water level suddenly increases, the method for detecting the sudden increase of the water level includes that the PLC records the height change of the water level of the accumulated water in the top cover of the water turbine and the time used by the accumulated water in the top cover of the water turbine and calculates the rising speed of the water level, the change of the water level is measured by the liquid level meter, and the liquid level rising height and the rising speed of the liquid level can be known by the PLC system through the liquid level meter in time matched with the PLC.
The PLC detects and records the flow at the outlet end of the drainage pump, and the PLC calculates the flow of water discharged by the outlet end of the drainage pump per second and judges whether the efficiency of the water pump is normal or not according to the flow of the water discharged per second; the every second discharged water flow judges whether the efficiency of this water pump is normal, still includes: when the PLC judges that the efficiency of the water pump is abnormal, the PLC starts the other water discharge pump in the water discharge pump group to work simultaneously and sends out an alarm signal. Because the total working time of the drainage pump is continuously increased, the faults of abrasion of the drainage pump, pipeline blockage and the like inevitably occur, or sudden accidents occur, so that the water pumping efficiency of the drainage pump is reduced; if the faults are released, major accidents are easy to develop, so the efficiency detection of the drainage pump is additionally arranged. When the efficiency of the running drainage pump is low, in order to prevent misoperation or instantaneous accidents, the other drainage pump can be started in a delayed mode, the two drainage pumps run simultaneously, the liquid level is controlled, and meanwhile an alarm is given out to indicate which drainage pump is low in efficiency.
In the embodiment, the PLC detects and records the flow at the outlet end of the drainage pump, the PLC records the running time of the drainage pump, the water leakage amount of the top cover of the water turbine is calculated according to the running time and the flow of the drainage pump, and when the water leakage amount is greater than a dangerous value, the PLC sends out an alarm signal; the flow of water pumped out from the downstream of the drainage pipeline is detected through the flow meter to judge the water pumping efficiency of the water pump. In the past, the water leakage of a small unit is too small, and measurement is not needed, but the water leakage is different when the large unit is reached. The change of the water leakage amount of the large unit is a precursor of a plurality of accidents, if the problems can not be found in advance, the accidents can be enlarged, and the large unit can not be stopped for maintenance frequently, so the water leakage amount of the top cover is difficult to measure in a manual mode, and the current water leakage condition of the top cover is difficult to know.
In order to prevent the time overlength of a certain drain pump operation, will lead to the water pump motor to generate heat seriously, will lead to the motor to damage finally, hydraulic turbine top cap drainage system inefficacy, the hydraulic turbine unit is forced to shut down the operation and is overhauld. When the drainage pump in the drainage pump group is started, the PLC detects the temperature of the started drainage pump, and when the temperature of the drainage pump is greater than a dangerous value, the PLC shuts down the drainage pump and starts another drainage pump in the drainage pump group.
When the water level is detected to be higher than the set value of the lowest operation water level, the PLC starts one drainage pump in the drainage pump group, the information of the drainage pump started at this time is recorded by the PLC, when the water level is detected to be higher than the set value of the lowest operation water level next time, the PLC starts the other drainage pump in the drainage pump group and records the other drainage pump, the drainage pumps in the drainage pump group are circularly switched to work, the drainage pumps are automatically and alternately used, the situation that one drainage pump is singly operated for a long time and another drainage pump is idle for a long time is avoided, the PLC cannot judge whether the idle drainage pump breaks down or not, and when the sudden situation that the water level suddenly increases occurs, the idle drainage pumps cannot be guaranteed to be timely put into operation.
Furthermore, the method for detecting the height of the water level of the accumulated water in the top cover of the water turbine by the PLC comprises the step of measuring by two sets of independent liquid level meters. The liquid level values are measured through the two sets of liquid level meters, so that the standby liquid level meters can be switched and used immediately when the main liquid level meter fails, and the control system is prevented from failing due to the loss of liquid level data, so that accidents are caused.
Water opens because of the water pump when opening and stops the liquid level fluctuation very big in the hydraulic turbine top cap, leads to the measurement of liquid level to have great error, causes the water pump to start repeatedly easily, forms vicious circle, and the aforesaid adopts two sets of independent level gauges to measure the information including this two sets of level gauges of PLC comparison, and when great deviation appears in this two sets of level gauge measuring water level height, PLC sends alarm information, and the suggestion level gauge breaks down.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "outlet end" and the like are used merely for convenience in describing the invention and for simplicity of description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a method of hydraulic turbine top cap intelligence drainage which characterized in that: the method for regulating and controlling the drainage pump set by adopting the PLC comprises the following steps:
the PLC detects the height of the water level of accumulated water in the top cover of the water turbine;
when the water level is detected to be larger than the lowest operation water level set value, the PLC starts a drainage pump in the drainage pump group;
when the water level is detected to be lower than the lowest operation water level set value, the PLC closes the drainage pumps in all the drainage pump groups;
when the water level is detected to be higher than the dangerous water level, the PLC starts a plurality of drainage pumps in the drainage pump group;
when the sudden increase of the water level is detected, the PLC starts a plurality of drainage pumps in the drainage pump group;
when the drainage pump in the drainage pump group is started, the PLC detects and records the flow at the outlet end of the drainage pump.
2. The intelligent water discharge method for the water turbine top cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method for detecting the sudden increase of the water level comprises the steps that the PLC records the height change of the water level of the accumulated water in the top cover of the water turbine and the used time and calculates the rising speed of the water level.
3. The intelligent water discharge method for the water turbine roof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the PLC detects and records the flow at the outlet end of the drainage pump, calculates the flow of water discharged by the outlet end of the drainage pump per second and judges whether the efficiency of the water pump is normal or not according to the flow of the water discharged per second.
4. The intelligent water discharge method for the water turbine roof as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the water flow that discharges every second judges whether this water pump's efficiency is normal, includes: when the PLC judges that the efficiency of the water pump is abnormal, the PLC starts another water discharge pump in the water discharge pump group to work simultaneously and sends out an alarm signal.
5. The intelligent water discharge method for the water turbine top cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: the PLC detects and records the flow of the outlet end of the drainage pump, records the running time of the drainage pump, calculates the water leakage amount of the top cover of the water turbine through the running time and the flow of the drainage pump, and sends out an alarm signal when the water leakage amount is larger than a dangerous value.
6. The intelligent water discharge method for the water turbine roof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the drainage pump in the drainage pump group is started, the PLC detects the temperature of the started drainage pump, and when the temperature of the drainage pump is greater than a dangerous value, the PLC closes the drainage pump and starts another drainage pump in the drainage pump group.
7. The intelligent water discharge method for the water turbine roof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the water level is detected to be higher than the lowest operation water level set value, the PLC starts one drainage pump in the drainage pump set, the information of the drainage pump started this time is recorded by the PLC, and when the water level is detected to be higher than the lowest operation water level set value next time, the PLC starts and records the other drainage pump in the drainage pump set to circularly switch the drainage pump in the drainage pump set to work.
8. The intelligent water discharge method for the water turbine top cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: the drain pump group includes a main drain pump and a back-up drain pump.
9. The intelligent water discharge method for the water turbine roof as recited in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: the method for detecting the water level height of the accumulated water in the water turbine top cover by the PLC comprises the step of measuring by two sets of independent liquid level meters.
10. The intelligent water discharge method for the water turbine roof as claimed in claim 9, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method for measuring by adopting the two sets of independent liquid level meters comprises the steps that information of the two sets of liquid level meters is compared by the PLC, and when the water level heights measured by the two sets of liquid level meters have large deviation, the PLC sends alarm information.
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| CN202110236201.1A CN112983717B (en) | 2021-03-03 | 2021-03-03 | Intelligent water drainage method for top cover of water turbine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110236201.1A CN112983717B (en) | 2021-03-03 | 2021-03-03 | Intelligent water drainage method for top cover of water turbine |
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| CN112983717A CN112983717A (en) | 2021-06-18 |
| CN112983717B true CN112983717B (en) | 2023-04-11 |
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| CN203404016U (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2014-01-22 | 成都锐达自动控制有限公司 | Head cover drainage intelligent control system of hydropower station |
| CN111638016A (en) * | 2020-05-30 | 2020-09-08 | 华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司 | Method for detecting abnormal sealing of vertical water turbine main shaft |
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| JPS575564A (en) * | 1980-06-11 | 1982-01-12 | Hitachi Ltd | Main shaft seal water pressure reducing apparatus of hydraulic machinery |
| JPH10220338A (en) * | 1997-02-12 | 1998-08-18 | Toshiba Corp | Water sealing device for main shaft of hydraulic machinery |
| CN202203097U (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2012-04-25 | 四川卓越科技工程有限责任公司 | Top cover draining control system for hydropower station unit |
| CN205955897U (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-15 | 云南能投威士科技股份有限公司 | Unit top cap drainage control system |
| CN206000666U (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-03-08 | 中国长江电力股份有限公司 | A kind of hydraulic power plant's turbine-generator units top cover draining control system |
| CN208749603U (en) * | 2018-07-30 | 2019-04-16 | 中国水利水电第五工程局有限公司 | A kind of device of draining pump control top cover of hydraulic turbine set water level |
| CN209340076U (en) * | 2018-10-01 | 2019-09-03 | 张掖市龙渠三级水电有限责任公司 | A kind of modified top cover drainage system |
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2021
- 2021-03-03 CN CN202110236201.1A patent/CN112983717B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203404016U (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2014-01-22 | 成都锐达自动控制有限公司 | Head cover drainage intelligent control system of hydropower station |
| CN111638016A (en) * | 2020-05-30 | 2020-09-08 | 华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司 | Method for detecting abnormal sealing of vertical water turbine main shaft |
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