CN112982522A - Control system of attachment replacement device of excavator and excavator with same - Google Patents
Control system of attachment replacement device of excavator and excavator with same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112982522A CN112982522A CN202110194375.6A CN202110194375A CN112982522A CN 112982522 A CN112982522 A CN 112982522A CN 202110194375 A CN202110194375 A CN 202110194375A CN 112982522 A CN112982522 A CN 112982522A
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- Prior art keywords
- valve
- accessory
- control system
- oil
- reversing valve
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/3604—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like
- E02F3/3609—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/3604—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like
- E02F3/3609—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat
- E02F3/3663—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat hydraulically-operated
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/96—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements for alternate or simultaneous use of different digging elements
Abstract
The invention provides a control system of an accessory replacing device of an excavator and the excavator with the same, wherein the control system of the accessory replacing device of the excavator comprises: the control oil port of the first reversing valve is connected with the control oil port of the second reversing valve in series and then is communicated with the rodless cavity and the rod cavity of the driving cylinder of the accessory locking mechanism, the first reversing valve is used for controlling the extension and retraction of the piston rod of the driving cylinder, the second reversing valve is provided with a locking gear, and when the second reversing valve is positioned at the locking gear, the rodless cavity is closed by the second reversing valve; and the position detection mechanism is used for detecting the position of the accessory locking mechanism and is connected with the second reversing valve, and the position detection mechanism is configured to enable the second reversing valve to be in a locking gear position when the accessory locking mechanism is in a locking position. The technical scheme of the invention overcomes the defects that the accessory quick-change device in the prior art does not have the function of preventing false touch and has low safety performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of excavator equipment, in particular to a control system of an accessory replacing device of an excavator and the excavator with the control system.
Background
The end part of the arm support of the excavator is provided with an accessory, and in order to enable the excavator to adapt to different working conditions, the accessory can be replaced by different types, such as forestry accessories, water conservancy accessories, basic construction accessories and the like. When the attachment of early excavator change, need change through the mode of dismantling the round pin axle, this kind of traditional mode need consume a large amount of manpowers and time to also have the risk of making operating personnel injured.
In order to solve the problems, the accessory quick-change device is produced. The accessory quick-change device mainly obtains a hydraulic oil source from a host, so that the hydraulic oil cylinder of the quick-change device is driven, and the purpose of quickly changing accessories is achieved. The application of the accessory quick-change device can effectively reduce the accessory change time and improve the working efficiency of operators. However, the accessory quick-change device in the prior art has no function of preventing accidental touch, and an operator has the risk of falling off the accessory after mistakenly touching a control switch of the hydraulic oil cylinder, so that safety accidents are easily caused. Therefore, the safety performance of the accessory quick-change device in the prior art needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects that the accessory quick-change device in the prior art does not have a false touch prevention function and has low safety performance, so as to provide a control system of an accessory replacement device of an excavator and an excavator with the same.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a control system for an attachment replacement device of an excavator, comprising: the control oil port of the first reversing valve is connected with the control oil port of the second reversing valve in series and then is communicated with the rodless cavity and the rod cavity of the driving cylinder of the accessory locking mechanism, the first reversing valve is used for controlling the extension and retraction of the piston rod of the driving cylinder, the second reversing valve is provided with a locking gear, and when the second reversing valve is positioned at the locking gear, the rodless cavity is closed by the second reversing valve; and the position detection mechanism is used for detecting the position of the accessory locking mechanism and is connected with the second reversing valve, and the position detection mechanism is configured to enable the second reversing valve to be in a locking gear position when the accessory locking mechanism is in a locking position.
Optionally, the position detection mechanism is a limit switch, the second reversing valve is an electromagnetic reversing valve, and the limit switch is connected in series with an electric control end of the second reversing valve to form a first loop.
Optionally, a reset switch is disposed on the first loop.
Optionally, the control system further includes a first warning structure, the first warning structure is connected in parallel with the electric control end of the second directional valve to form a second loop, wherein the limit switch is configured such that when the accessory locking mechanism is in the locked position, the limit switch switches on the first loop and switches off the second loop, and when the accessory locking mechanism is in the unlocked position, the limit switch switches off the first loop and switches on the second loop.
Optionally, the first reversing valve is an electromagnetic reversing valve, the electric control end of the first reversing valve, the electric control end of the second reversing valve and the limit switch are connected in parallel to form a third loop, and a control switch is arranged on the third loop.
Optionally, the control system further includes a second warning structure, and the second warning structure is connected in parallel with the electric control end of the first directional valve.
Optionally, the first reversing valve includes a first oil inlet, a first oil discharge port, a first working oil port and a second working oil port, the second reversing valve includes a second oil inlet, a second oil discharge port, a third working oil port and a fourth working oil port, wherein the first oil inlet is communicated with the main oil path, the first working oil port is communicated with the second oil inlet, the second working oil port is communicated with the second oil discharge port, the third working oil port is communicated with the rodless cavity, the fourth working oil port is communicated with the rod cavity, and when the second reversing valve is in the locked gear, the third working oil port and the second oil inlet are cut off.
Optionally, when the second reversing valve is in the locked gear position, the fourth working oil port is communicated with the second oil drain port, or the fourth working oil port is cut off from the second oil drain port.
Optionally, the second reversing valve further has an unlocking gear, when the second reversing valve is in the unlocking gear, the third working oil port is communicated with the second oil inlet, and the fourth working oil port is communicated with the second oil drain port.
The invention also provides an excavator, which comprises a control system of the accessory replacing device, wherein the control system of the accessory replacing device is the control system of the accessory replacing device.
The invention has the following advantages:
by utilizing the technical scheme of the invention, when the accessory locking structure of the excavator is in the locking position, the accessory is fixed at the end part of the arm support of the excavator. The position detection mechanism causes the second directional valve to be in a locked position and closes a rodless chamber of a drive cylinder of the accessory locking mechanism. At the moment, even if the first reversing valve is in an oil return gear position due to misoperation of an operator, hydraulic oil cannot flow back to the oil tank due to the fact that the rodless cavity of the driving cylinder is sealed, and the position of the accessory locking mechanism is locked. The structure has the advantages that the effect of preventing misoperation of the accessory replacing device is achieved, and the safety performance of the accessory replacing device is improved. Therefore, the technical scheme of the invention overcomes the defects that the accessory quick-change device in the prior art does not have the function of preventing false touch and has low safety performance.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a control system of an attachment changing device of an excavator according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic control circuit diagram of the control system of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 shows an enlarged schematic view at A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 shows a control circuit schematic of the control system of FIG. 1;
fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of another form of the second directional valve of the control system of fig. 1.
Description of reference numerals:
10. a first direction changing valve; 11. a first oil inlet; 12. a first oil discharge port; 13. a first working oil port; 14. a second working oil port; 20. a second directional control valve; 21. a second oil inlet; 22. a second oil drain port; 23. a third working oil port; 24. a fourth working oil port; 30. a position detection mechanism; 40. a first circuit; 50. a reset switch; 60. a first warning structure; 70. a second loop; 80. a third circuit; 90. a control switch; 100. an attachment locking mechanism; 200. a drive cylinder; 300. and a second warning structure.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the control system of the accessory replacing device of the excavator according to the present embodiment includes: a first direction valve 10, a second direction valve 20, and a position detecting mechanism 30. Wherein, after the control oil port of the first direction valve 10 and the control oil port of the second direction valve 20 are connected in series, they are communicated with the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the driving cylinder 200 of the accessory locking mechanism 100. The first direction valve 10 is used to control the extension and retraction of the piston rod of the driving cylinder 200, and the second direction valve 20 has a lock gear. When the second direction valve 20 is in the lock position, the second direction valve 20 closes the rod-less chamber. The position detection mechanism 30 is connected to the second direction switching valve 20 for detecting the position of the accessory lock mechanism 100, and the position detection mechanism 30 is arranged such that when the accessory lock mechanism 100 is in the lock position, the position detection mechanism 30 causes the second direction switching valve 20 to be in the lock position.
By the technical scheme of the embodiment, when the accessory locking structure of the excavator is in the locking position, the accessory is fixed at the end part of the arm support of the excavator. The position detecting mechanism 30 causes the second direction valve 20 to be in the locked position and closes the rodless chamber of the drive cylinder 200 of the accessory lock mechanism 100. At this time, even if the operator erroneously operates the first direction switching valve 10 to be in the oil return position, the hydraulic oil cannot flow back to the oil tank due to the closed rodless chamber of the drive cylinder 200, and the position of the attachment lock mechanism 100 is locked. The structure has the advantages that the effect of preventing misoperation of the accessory replacing device is achieved, and the safety performance of the accessory replacing device is improved. Therefore, the technical scheme of the embodiment overcomes the defects that the accessory quick-change device in the prior art does not have a false touch prevention function and is low in safety performance.
It should be noted that "after the control oil port of the first direction valve 10 and the control oil port of the second direction valve 20 are connected in series, and then are communicated with the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the driving cylinder 200 of the accessory locking mechanism 100" means that the oil passages of the first direction valve 10 and the second direction valve 20 are arranged in series, and one end of the series is communicated with the main oil passage and the oil tank, and the other end is communicated with the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the driving cylinder 200. As can be seen from fig. 2, the first direction valve 10 and the second direction valve 20 are both two-position two-way direction valves, the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the first direction valve 10 are respectively communicated with the main oil path and the return oil tank, and the two working oil ports of the first direction valve 10 are respectively communicated with the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the second direction valve 20, so that the two valves are arranged in series on the oil path. The two working oil ports of the second directional valve 20 are respectively communicated with the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the driving cylinder 200. Both the first direction valve 10 and the second direction valve 20 cooperate to control extension, retraction, and locking of a piston rod of the drive cylinder 200 (described in detail below).
It should be noted that "when the second direction valve 20 is in the locked gear, the second direction valve 20 closes the rodless cavity" means that when the second direction valve 20 is in the locked gear, the rodless cavity of the driving cylinder 200 is cut off from the external oil path, that is, oil cannot be fed or returned (that is, the action of the first direction valve 10 will not work). The piston rod position of the drive cylinder 200 is thus locked, performing a locking function. Correspondingly, the second direction valve 20 also has an unlocking gear corresponding to the locking gear, when the second direction valve 20 is in the unlocking gear, when the second direction valve 20 does not control the driving cylinder 200 (only plays a role of oil passing), the oil inlet and return operations are performed on the rod cavity and the rodless cavity of the driving cylinder 200 through the gear change of the first direction valve 10.
The accessory locking mechanism 100 is a structure for fixing the accessory to the end of the arm support of the excavator, and in the present embodiment, the accessory locking mechanism 100 is a stopper having a caliper shape and capable of swinging. Further, the lock position of the accessory lock mechanism 100 refers to a position where it is fitted and deadened with the accessory. Accordingly, the accessory locking mechanism 100 also includes an unlocked position in which the accessory locking mechanism 100 is disengaged from the accessory, at which time the accessory can be removed from the excavator and replaced. As can be seen in FIG. 1, drive cylinder 200 may control the swinging motion of accessory lock mechanism 100. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, extending the piston rod of drive cylinder 200 will urge accessory lock mechanism 100 to move to a locked position. When the piston rod of the drive cylinder 200 is retracted, the accessory locking mechanism 100 is brought to the unlocked position.
As shown in fig. 4, in the solution of the present embodiment, the position detecting mechanism 30 is a limit switch, the second direction valve 20 is an electromagnetic direction valve, and the limit switch is connected in series with the electric control end of the second direction valve 20 to form a first circuit 40. Specifically, as can be seen in fig. 1, when accessory lock mechanism 100 is swung into the locked position, accessory lock mechanism 100 may depress and trigger a limit switch, which turns first circuit 40 on. When the first circuit 40 is switched on, the electric control end of the second direction valve 20 is electrified and the spool of the second direction valve 20 is moved to the lock gear position. As described above, when the second direction valve 20 moves to the locked gear, the rodless chamber of the driving cylinder 200 is blocked, and the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber cannot flow back, and at this time, no matter what gear the first direction valve 10 is in, the control operation cannot be performed on the driving cylinder 200 (i.e., the function of preventing accidental touch is performed), that is, the position of the accessory locking mechanism 100 is locked. Further, when the accessory lock mechanism 100 is in the unlocked position, the accessory lock mechanism 100 is not in contact with the limit switch, the limit switch is reset, and the first circuit 40 is cut off. When the first circuit 40 is cut off, the electric control end of the second direction valve 20 loses power, and the valve element of the second direction valve 20 is reset to the unlocking gear under the action of the reset spring. The control operation of the drive cylinder 200 (e.g., filling the rodless chamber with oil, retracting the piston rod for accessory replacement, etc.) can now be performed by changing the gear position of the first direction valve 10.
As can be seen from the above description, in the present embodiment, the position detection mechanism 30 controls the state of the second direction valve 20 in the form of a switch. Of course, in some other embodiments not shown, the position detection mechanism 30 is not limited to a limit switch, for example, the position detection mechanism 30 may be an infrared sensor or the like. And the position detection mechanism 30 and the electric control end of the second direction valve 20 are not limited to being located in the same circuit. Further, the second direction valve 20 is not limited to the solenoid valve, and may be a pilot operated valve.
As shown in fig. 4, in the solution of the present example, a reset switch 50 is provided on the first circuit 40. Specifically, the reset switch 50 functions to shut off the first circuit 40 when the accessory lock mechanism 100 is in the locked position so that the second directional valve 20 is in the unlocked position to facilitate accessory replacement. As described above, when the accessory lock mechanism 100 is in the lock position, the limit switch is triggered to conduct the first circuit 40, and the second direction valve 20 is in the lock position, so that even if the operator erroneously operates (or normally operates) the first direction valve 10, the control effect on the drive cylinder 200 is not exerted, and the function of preventing erroneous contact is exerted. When the accessory needs to be replaced, the second direction valve 20 needs to be in the unlocked gear first, so that the retraction of the piston rod of the driving cylinder 200 can be controlled by the gear switching of the first direction valve 10. At this time, the reset switch 50 is turned off, and the first circuit 40 is cut off, so that the second direction valve 20 is placed in the unlock range, and the drive cylinder 200 can be controlled by switching the range of the first direction valve 10, and the attachment locking mechanism 100 can be moved to the unlock position. As can be seen in fig. 4, the reset switch 50 is located between the limit switch and the electrically controlled end of the second directional valve 20.
As shown in fig. 4, in the technical solution of the present embodiment, the control system further includes a first warning structure 60. The first warning structure 60 is disposed in parallel with the electrical control end of the second directional valve 20 and forms a second circuit 70. The limit switch is configured to turn on the first circuit 40 and turn off the second circuit 70 when the accessory lock mechanism 100 is in the locked position, and to turn off the first circuit 40 and turn on the second circuit 70 when the accessory lock mechanism 100 is in the unlocked position. Specifically, the limit switch has the effect of selectively turning on the first circuit 40 or the second circuit 70. When the accessory locking mechanism 100 is in the locked position, the limit switch turns on the first circuit 40, so that the second directional valve 20 is in the locked position, i.e., the anti-false-touch function is enabled. At this point, the second circuit 70 is cut off, and therefore the first warning structure 60 does not emit warning information. When the accessory locking mechanism 100 is in the unlocked position, the limit switch cuts off the first circuit 40, and the second directional valve 20 is in the unlocked position, i.e., the anti-false-touch function is not activated. At this time, the second circuit 70 is turned on, and at this time, the first warning structure 60 sends out warning information to prompt the operator that the false touch prevention function is not effective. Preferably, the first warning structure 60 in this embodiment is a buzzer.
As shown in fig. 4, in the technical solution of this embodiment, the first direction valve 10 is an electromagnetic direction valve, the electric control end of the first direction valve 10 is connected in parallel with the electric control end of the second direction valve 20 and the limit switch to form a third circuit 80, and the third circuit 80 is provided with a control switch 90. Specifically, the control switch 90 is opened or closed to control the connection and disconnection of the third circuit 80, and thus the power-on and power-off of the electric control end of the first directional valve 10 are controlled. As can be seen from fig. 2 and 4, when the control switch 90 is turned on, the first direction valve 10 is in the right position, and at this time, the rod-less chamber of the driving cylinder 200 is filled with oil, and the rod chamber is filled with oil, so that the piston rod is extended and the accessory locking mechanism 100 is driven to move to the locking position. When the control switch 90 is turned off, the first directional control valve 10 is in the left position, and at this time, the rod chamber of the driving cylinder 200 is filled with oil, and the rod chamber is not filled with oil, so that the piston rod is retracted, and the accessory locking mechanism 100 is driven to move to the unlocking position. In this embodiment, the control switch 90 is normally open, and when the operator needs to replace the accessory, the control switch 90 is pressed to turn on the third circuit 80, so that the first direction valve 10 is located at the right position.
Specifically, the above structure also has the technical effect of timely replenishing oil to the rodless cavity when oil leakage occurs in the drive cylinder 200. Specifically, after the accessory lock mechanism 100 is operated for a certain period of time, the oil leakage occurs in the drive cylinder 200, which results in insufficient locking force of the rodless chamber and retraction of the piston rod of the drive cylinder 200. At this time, the accessory locking mechanism 100 leaves the limit switch, and the first circuit 40 is cut off, the second circuit 70 is conducted, and the buzzer gives an alarm. Since the control switch 90 is normally open, the rodless chamber of the drive cylinder 200 can be quickly replenished with oil through the first directional valve 10, and the piston rod is extended to lock the accessory again. At this time, the accessory locking mechanism 100 moves to the locking position again, the limit switch is triggered, the first circuit 40 is turned on (the false touch prevention function is restarted), the second circuit 70 is cut off, and the alarm sound is released.
As shown in fig. 2, in the technical solution of this embodiment, the control system further includes a second warning structure 300, and the second warning structure 300 is connected in parallel with the electric control end of the first directional valve 10. Specifically, when the operator presses the control switch 90, the second warning structure 300 is also turned on. At this time, the piston rod of the driving cylinder 200 retracts, and the second warning structure 300 sends warning information to prompt an operator that the accessory can be detached if the accessory is loaded at this time, and also prompt nearby personnel to need to get away. When the operator does not press the control switch 90, the second warning structure 300 is not turned on, i.e., the warning signal is not sent. Preferably, the second warning structure 300 in this embodiment is a warning light.
The above is the control circuit structure of the control system of the accessory replacing device of the excavator in the present embodiment, and the structures of the first and second direction changing valves 10 and 20 of the control system and the control oil path structure will be described in detail below.
As described above, the first direction valve 10 and the second direction valve 20 are both two-position two-way direction valves. As shown in fig. 3, the first direction valve 10 includes a first oil inlet 11, a first oil outlet 12, a first working oil port 13, and a second working oil port 14. The second direction valve 20 includes a second oil inlet 21, a second oil discharge port 22, a third working oil port 23, and a fourth working oil port 24. Further, the second direction changing valve 20 is arranged between the first direction changing valve 10 and the driving cylinder 200, and the oil passages of the first direction changing valve 10 and the second direction changing valve 20 are connected in series: a first oil inlet 11 is communicated with a main oil way, and a first oil outlet 12 is communicated with an external oil tank; the first working oil port 13 is communicated with a second oil inlet 21, and the second working oil port 14 is communicated with a second oil outlet 22; the third working oil port 23 is communicated with the rodless cavity, and the fourth working oil port 24 is communicated with the rod cavity.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the gear conditions of the first direction valve 10 and the second direction valve 20 are: when the first reversing valve 10 is in the left position, the first oil inlet 11 is communicated with the second working oil port 14, and the first oil outlet 12 is communicated with the first working oil port 13; when the first reversing valve 10 is in the right position, the first oil inlet 11 is communicated with the first working oil port 13, and the first oil outlet 12 is communicated with the second working oil port 14; when the second direction valve 20 is in the left position (i.e., the unlocking position), the second oil inlet 21 is communicated with the third working oil port 23, and the second oil outlet 22 is communicated with the fourth working oil port 24; when the second direction valve 20 is in the right position (i.e., the locked position), the second oil inlet 21 is blocked from the third working oil port 23, and the second oil outlet 22 is communicated with the fourth working oil port 24. The left and right bit switching of the first direction valve 10 and the second direction valve 20 is realized by the control circuit, which has been described in detail above and will not be described again.
In addition, as can be seen from fig. 5, the second direction valve 20 may also adopt another structure form, except that when the second direction valve 20 is in the right position (i.e., the lock gear position), the second oil inlet 21 is blocked from the third working oil port 23, and the second oil outlet 22 is blocked from the fourth working oil port 24. When the second direction-changing valve 20 is adopted in this way, the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the driving cylinder 200 are both closed when the second direction-changing valve 20 is in the locked gear position, so that the second direction-changing valve 20 can be connected in series (oil way) at the upstream or downstream of the first direction-changing valve 10, and the arrangement mode is more flexible.
With the above configuration, the operation of the control system of the attachment replacement device for an excavator in the present embodiment is:
when the quick-change accessory device starts to work, the limit switch is not triggered, the buzzer circuit is connected to give an alarm to remind a worker of paying attention, and the first loop 40 and the third loop 80 are not connected and are in default positions. The rodless cavity of the driving cylinder 200 is filled with oil, and the piston rod of the oil cylinder extends out to push the accessory locking mechanism 100 to move forwards. When the piston rod is fully extended, the accessory locking mechanism 100 fully locks the accessory and triggers the limit switch, and the first circuit 40 is conducted (i.e. the locking circuit is started), the second directional control valve 20 is powered on to work, the valve core moves leftwards and is in the right position, the rodless cavity of the driving cylinder 200 is locked, and the driving cylinder 200 does not move any more. In this case, even if the operator touches the control switch 90 by mistake to operate the first directional control valve 10, the rodless cavity of the driving cylinder 200 is locked and oil cannot return, so that the piston rod of the driving cylinder 200 cannot retract, and safety accidents can be prevented from occurring in the working process. Because the electromagnetic valve is locked with timeliness, the situation of oil leakage can occur after a period of time, the locking force of the rodless cavity is insufficient, the piston rod of the driving cylinder 200 retracts, the accessory locking mechanism 100 leaves the limit switch at the moment, the first loop 40 is cut off, the second loop 70 is conducted, and the buzzer can give an alarm. Meanwhile, as the limit switch is reset, the second reversing valve 20 cannot be electrified and returns to the original position, the oil path supplies oil again through the first reversing valve 10, and the accessory is locked again, so that the automatic oil supplementing function of the oil path is realized. The design of this embodiment has a dual protection function. Finally, when the accessory needs to be replaced, the reset switch 50 is pressed to disconnect the first circuit 40 and return the second direction valve 20 to its original position (as) to unlock, and then the control switch 90 is pressed to connect the third circuit 80, the first direction valve 10 is electrically operated, and the spool moves to the right and is in the left position. The driving cylinder 200 returns oil without a rod cavity and feeds oil into the rod cavity, and the piston rod retracts to realize quick accessory replacement. Meanwhile, the warning lamp is turned on to remind the operator and the surrounding personnel of paying attention.
According to the above configuration, the control system of the attachment replacement device of the excavator in the present embodiment has the following advantages:
1. the automatic detection of the position of the accessory locking mechanism can be realized, and the alarm function is started when the accessory locking mechanism is in an unlocked state;
2. a limit switch is added, different oil paths can be automatically switched, when oil leakage of the oil cylinder occurs, the oil supplementing function can be realized, the safety is enhanced, and the dual protection function is achieved;
3. the automation degree is high, the operation is simple and convenient, and the requirement on operators is not high;
4. the reset switch can realize manual control of the oil way, so that the operability is more flexible.
The embodiment also provides an excavator, which comprises a control system of the accessory replacing device, wherein the control system of the accessory replacing device is the control system of the accessory replacing device.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A control system for an attachment replacement device of an excavator, comprising:
the hydraulic control system comprises a first reversing valve (10) and a second reversing valve (20), wherein a control oil port of the first reversing valve (10) is connected with a control oil port of the second reversing valve (20) in series and then is communicated with a rodless cavity and a rod cavity of a driving cylinder (200) of an accessory locking mechanism (100), the first reversing valve (10) is used for controlling the extension and retraction of a piston rod of the driving cylinder (200), the second reversing valve (20) is provided with a locking gear, and when the second reversing valve (20) is in the locking gear, the rodless cavity is closed by the second reversing valve (20);
and a position detection mechanism (30) that detects the position of the accessory lock mechanism (100) and is connected to the second direction switching valve (20), wherein the position detection mechanism (30) is configured such that when the accessory lock mechanism (100) is in a lock position, the position detection mechanism (30) causes the second direction switching valve (20) to be in a lock position.
2. The control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the position detection mechanism (30) is a limit switch and the second directional valve (20) is a solenoid directional valve, the limit switch being connected in series with an electric control end of the second directional valve (20) and forming a first circuit (40).
3. A control system according to claim 2, characterised in that a reset switch (50) is provided on the first circuit (40).
4. The control system according to claim 2, characterized in that it further comprises a first warning structure (60), said first warning structure (60) being arranged in parallel with the electric control terminal of the second directional valve (20) and forming a second circuit (70),
wherein the limit switch is configured to switch on the first circuit (40) and switch off the second circuit (70) when the accessory locking mechanism (100) is in the locked position, and to switch off the first circuit (40) and switch on the second circuit (70) when the accessory locking mechanism (100) is in the unlocked position.
5. The control system according to claim 2, characterized in that the first direction valve (10) is an electromagnetic direction valve, the electric control end of the first direction valve (10) is connected in parallel with the electric control end of the second direction valve (20) and the limit switch to form a third loop (80), and a control switch (90) is arranged on the third loop (80).
6. The control system according to claim 5, characterized in that it further comprises a second warning structure (300), said second warning structure (300) being arranged in parallel with the electric control terminal of the first directional valve (10).
7. The control system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the first directional valve (10) comprises a first oil inlet (11), a first oil outlet (12), a first working oil port (13) and a second working oil port (14), the second directional valve (20) comprises a second oil inlet (21), a second oil outlet (22), a third working oil port (23) and a fourth working oil port (24), wherein the first oil inlet (11) is communicated with a main oil path, the first working oil port (13) is communicated with the second oil inlet (21), the second working oil port (14) is communicated with the second oil outlet (22), the third working oil port (23) is communicated with the rodless cavity, and the fourth working oil port (24) is communicated with the rod cavity,
and when the second reversing valve (20) is in the locking gear, the third working oil port (23) and the second oil inlet (21) are cut off.
8. The control system according to claim 7, characterized in that when the second direction valve (20) is in the locked gear position, the fourth working oil port (24) is communicated with the second oil discharge port (22), or the fourth working oil port (24) is blocked from the second oil discharge port (22).
9. The control system of claim 7, wherein the second direction valve (20) further has an unlocking position, and when the second direction valve (20) is in the unlocking position, the third working oil port (23) is communicated with the second oil inlet (21), and the fourth working oil port (24) is communicated with the second oil discharge port (22).
10. An excavator comprising a control system of an accessory replacing device, wherein the control system of the accessory replacing device is the control system of the accessory replacing device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110194375.6A CN112982522B (en) | 2021-02-20 | 2021-02-20 | Control system of attachment replacement device of excavator and excavator with same |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110194375.6A CN112982522B (en) | 2021-02-20 | 2021-02-20 | Control system of attachment replacement device of excavator and excavator with same |
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| CN112982522A true CN112982522A (en) | 2021-06-18 |
| CN112982522B CN112982522B (en) | 2022-10-04 |
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| CN114396088A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-04-26 | 三一汽车制造有限公司 | Accessory positioning device, working machine and method for using accessory positioning device |
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| CN112982522B (en) | 2022-10-04 |
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