CN112982280A - Wharf breast wall pipe gallery formwork structure and construction method - Google Patents
Wharf breast wall pipe gallery formwork structure and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112982280A CN112982280A CN202110174977.5A CN202110174977A CN112982280A CN 112982280 A CN112982280 A CN 112982280A CN 202110174977 A CN202110174977 A CN 202110174977A CN 112982280 A CN112982280 A CN 112982280A
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- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000779 thoracic wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
- E02B3/068—Landing stages for vessels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/10—Tunnels or galleries specially adapted to house conduits, e.g. oil pipe-lines, sewer pipes ; Making conduits in situ, e.g. of concrete ; Casings, i.e. manhole shafts, access or inspection chambers or coverings of boreholes or narrow wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2250/00—Production methods
- E02D2250/0007—Production methods using a mold
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2250/00—Production methods
- E02D2250/0023—Cast, i.e. in situ or in a mold or other formwork
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- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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Abstract
The application relates to a wharf breast wall pipe gallery formwork structure and a construction method, the wharf breast wall pipe gallery formwork structure comprises four integrally fixed formworks and a plurality of sets of core moulds, a plurality of sets of caissons are hung on a seabed, each set of formwork comprises a plate and a support, the lower end edge of each set of support is attached and fixedly connected with the caissons, and the vertical edges of two adjacent sets of formworks are attached and fixedly connected; each group of core mould frame is arranged on the upper end surface of the caisson, the extension direction of each group of core mould is vertical to the coastline, the core mould comprises an inner mould and an outer mould which is covered on the upper end part of the inner mould in a sealing way, two ends of the inner mould and the outer mould are in sealing butt joint with the mould plates, and the inner mould, the outer mould and each group of mould plates on two sides form a closed space and are poured with concrete sand. The utility model provides a piping lane template structure can furthest satisfy and catch up with damp operation requirement, has reduced the activity duration of pier breast wall piping lane construction, for current pier breast wall piping lane work progress, can accomplish the installation operation in a low tide activity duration in this application, and construction speed is fast, has saved the activity duration.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of wharf pipe galleries, in particular to a template structure of a wharf breast wall pipe gallery and a construction method.
Background
A port is a port dedicated to handling crude or finished oil. For the sake of pollution prevention and safety, oil ports are located at a certain safety distance from towns, general harbors and other stationary buildings, usually downstream thereof, downwind. Modern offshore oil ports are also moving to deep waters due to the growing size of modern offshore tankers.
In the construction process of the wharf of the oil port, the breast wall of the wharf needs to be built, the built breast wall is of a reinforced concrete structure, in order to enable the mail steamer close to the shore to smoothly carry out oil unloading operation, pipe gallery construction needs to be carried out in the construction process of the breast wall of the wharf, and each pipe gallery group is used for unloading oil to the mail steamer and supplementing fresh water resources in the ocean navigation process of the mail steamer. The construction of piping lane in current pier breast wall needs to be gone on with the help of partial template, and each group's template is set up in the pier position, ties up the reinforcing bar and pours concrete mortar, makes the space that each group's template encloses form each group's piping lane, treats that concrete mortar loses water and stereotypes the back, demolishs each group's template, accomplishes the construction to each group's piping lane in pier breast wall inside.
With respect to the related art in the above, the inventors consider that there are the following drawbacks: when the existing wharf breast wall pipe gallery is constructed, all the groups of templates are erected in sequence, the time consumption of the template erecting process is long, tide is required to be considered in the template erecting process for operation, the progress of the construction process is limited, the whole construction period is prolonged, and therefore an improved space exists.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the efficiency of the building process of templates of all groups of pipe galleries in the pier breast wall and compress the construction period of the pier breast wall construction process, the application provides a pier breast wall pipe gallery template structure and a construction method.
The application provides a pier breast wall pipe gallery template structure and construction method adopts following technical scheme:
a pier breast wall pipe gallery template structure comprises four groups of integrally fixed templates and a plurality of groups of core molds, wherein a plurality of groups of caissons which are arranged in a collinear way are hung on a seabed, the upper end surfaces of the caissons of each group are horizontally arranged and filled, each group of templates comprises a plate and a bracket fixedly connected with the plate, the lower end edge of each group of bracket is attached and fixedly connected with the upper end parts of the peripheral vertical end surfaces of the caissons, and the vertical edges of two adjacent groups of templates are attached and fixedly connected; each group of the core mould is arranged on the upper end surface of the caisson, the extension direction of each group of the core mould is perpendicular to a shoreline, the core mould comprises an inner mould and an outer mould which is covered on the upper end part of the inner mould in a sealing way, two ends of the inner mould and the outer mould are in sealing butt joint with the templates, and the inner mould, the outer mould and the templates on two sides form a closed space and are poured with concrete mortar.
By adopting the technical scheme, the template structure of the wharf breast wall pipe gallery comprises four groups of templates and a plurality of groups of core molds, each group of caisson is installed on a seabed, each group of core molds are sequentially erected on the upper end surface of the caisson, the vertical lower end parts of each group of templates are fixedly connected with the peripheral vertical end surfaces of the caisson, the four groups of templates and the upper end surfaces of the caisson are enclosed to form a closed area by the arrangement, each group of core mold frame is arranged on the upper end surface of the caisson, the two ends of each group of core molds are in sealed abutting joint with the two groups of templates, when the wharf breast wall pipe gallery is cast, concrete mortar is cast layer by layer, the inner mold, the outer mold and the groups of templates on the two sides form a closed space, after the concrete mortar is dehydrated and shaped, a pipe gallery for conveying water and oil is formed in the wharf, the four groups of templates in the template structure are of a prefabricated structure, and each group of templates are integrally fixed before being installed, when carrying out being connected of template and caisson, realize once hoisting with the help of hoisting equipment with the template of four group's body coupling, pier breast wall pipe gallery template structure in this application can satisfy to the furthest and catch up with tide the operation requirement, has reduced the activity duration of pier breast wall pipe gallery construction, for current pier breast wall pipe gallery work progress, can accomplish the installation operation of breast wall template in a low tide activity duration in this application, construction speed is fast, has saved the activity duration.
Preferably, the caisson is provided with holes along the upper edges of the vertical end surfaces around the caisson, each group of the templates is sleeved on the caisson, a connecting rod extending horizontally is fixedly inserted into each group of the holes, and the connecting rod penetrates through each group of the lower end parts of the supports and is in threaded connection with a circular truncated cone nut.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the caisson is installed on the seabed, the caisson forms the support subject of pier, when hoisting equipment hoist and mount four groups of templates constantly be close to and the cover is established on the caisson, each group's connecting rod runs through the template and inserts in the trompil of the last border of the vertical terminal surface of four-axis of caisson, make each group of template fixed on the caisson, four groups of templates enclose into closed square region, form the space of pouring concrete mortar, when pouring concrete mortar to this closed direction regional inside, each group of template is difficult to produce the gap under concrete mortar's pressure and between the caisson, concrete mortar's spilling over when pouring the operation has been reduced.
Preferably, the planes of the two adjacent groups of templates are vertically arranged, the right-angle positions of the two adjacent groups of templates are provided with stand columns, and corner bolts for fixedly connecting the two adjacent groups of templates are fixedly inserted into the positions, close to the supports on the two sides, of the stand columns.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the integrative fixed connection of four group's templates, the right angle position between each group's stand and the adjacent two sets of templates cooperatees, pegs graft the bight bolt that runs through both sides template on each group's stand, constantly screws up the both ends of bight bolt, and then realizes the stand to the sealing connection of two sets of templates, pours the inside concrete mortar of four group's templates and is difficult for overflowing from the border between the adjacent two sets of templates.
Preferably, the internal mold comprises two groups of vertically arranged second plates and a plurality of groups of first retractors for oppositely pulling and connecting the two groups of second plates, and each group of second plates is vertically erected on the upper end face of the caisson; the outer die comprises an upper die and a plurality of groups of support legs for supporting the upper die, the upper die covers the upper end openings of the two groups of the two plates, the support legs of each group are located between the two groups of the two plates, and the lower end parts of the support legs of each group are coplanar with the inner bottom surface of the core die.
By adopting the technical scheme, the inner mold comprises two groups of vertically arranged two plates and a plurality of groups of first retractors, each group of two plates is vertically erected on the upper end surface of the caisson, the two groups of two plates are supported by each group of first retractors, so that the distance between the two groups of two plates can be adjusted, and when the core mold is demolded, the first adjuster is loosened, so that the two groups of two plates are close to each other, and the two groups of two plates are gradually separated from concrete layers poured on two sides; the outer mold comprises an upper mold and supporting legs for covering openings in the upper ends of the two groups of two plates, the supporting legs support the upper mold, the outer mold and the inner mold are matched through the arrangement, a space of a pipe gallery is built by the outer mold and the inner mold, the core mold is convenient to demold through the spliced structure, and the operation time of a demolding link is shortened.
Preferably, each group of the support legs are respectively fixed with a wheel and an adjuster at the lower end part, the adjuster comprises an internal thread pipe fixedly connected with the support legs and a support in threaded connection with the internal thread pipe, and the upper end surface of the support is concavely provided with an internal hexagonal notch used for rotating the support
By adopting the technical scheme, the wheels are arranged at the lower end parts of the support legs, so that the internal mold can be conveniently transported in a construction site; the lower end parts of the support legs are fixedly provided with the regulators, the struts in the regulators are inserted into the internal threaded pipes to rotate, when the outer die enters the specified position of the upper end surface of the caisson, the inner parts of the inner hexagonal notches of the upper end surfaces of the groups of struts are inserted with the wrenches and continuously rotate, so that the groups of struts are continuously abutted against the ground, and the groups of wheels are erected, and the outer die is fixed on the caisson; when demoulding is carried out, each group of the supporting legs are rotated to enable the supporting legs to be accommodated in the internal threaded pipe, and then each group of the wheels are in contact with the upper end face of the caisson, and the external die is pulled to be convenient to take out from the inside of the pipe gallery.
Preferably, the upper die comprises two groups of panels and a plurality of groups of second retractors, the two groups of panels are positioned at the upper end part and are arranged oppositely, the upper end parts of the supporting legs of the groups are fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the panel, and the horizontal two ends of the second retractors of the groups are fixedly connected with the supporting legs below the panel of the groups respectively.
By adopting the technical scheme, the upper die comprises two groups of panels with right horizontal surfaces and a plurality of groups of second expansion pieces, the two side support legs below the panels are fixedly connected by the groups of second expansion pieces, the groups of second expansion pieces are adjusted to adjust the distance between the two groups of second expansion pieces, and when the formwork removal operation is performed after the forming of the pipe gallery is completed, a constructor continues to loosen the groups of second expansion pieces on the basis of the loosened first expansion pieces, so that the groups of panels are close to each other, the two groups of panels are separated from the concrete on the two sides gradually, and the core die is removed by the aid of the two groups of panels.
Preferably, a plurality of groups of braces are connected between two groups of adjacent two plates of the two groups of pipe galleries in a counter-pulling manner, and two ends of each group of braces penetrate through the two plates on each side and are in threaded connection with positioning nuts; and a plurality of groups of pull rods are connected between the two groups of templates vertical to the extending direction of the wharf in a counter-pulling manner, and two ends of each group of pull rods penetrate through one plate on each side and are in threaded connection with positioning nuts.
By adopting the technical scheme, two groups of two plates on the inner die of each adjacent group of pipe gallery are connected with a plurality of groups of brace bars between two groups of vertical end surfaces which are close to each other in a split manner, two ends of each group of brace bars penetrate through the two plates on each side and are in threaded connection with positioning nuts, the two groups of positioning nuts are respectively positioned on the outer side of the die plate and the inner part of the pipe gallery, and the brace bars are arranged to ensure that the adjacent two groups of core dies and the core dies are connected with each other, so that the core dies are not easy to move due to the flowing of concrete mortar when the concrete mortar is poured; meanwhile, under the extrusion of concrete mortar, the arrangement of each group of brace and pull rod improves the structural strength of the core mold, so that the core mold is not easy to deform due to extrusion when the concrete mortar is poured.
Preferably, two groups of flat plates which are opposite horizontally are fixed at the lower end parts of the two groups of the two plates of the inner die on the end surfaces which are close to each other, a plurality of groups of stools are erected on the upper end surface of the caisson, the upper end surfaces of the stools are coplanar, and the lower end surfaces of the flat plates are abutted to the upper end surfaces of the stools.
By adopting the technical scheme, the lower end parts of the two plates are fixed with flat plates which are horizontally opposite, the upper end surface of the caisson is provided with a plurality of groups of stools which are arranged in a collinear way, the stools support the flat plates, and then the core moulds are arranged on the upper end surface of the caisson in an elevated way, so that the core moulds are elevated on the upper end surface of the caisson, the construction height of the pipe gallery is elevated, when water and oil are conveyed inside the pipe gallery, the height of the pipe gallery is not too low, and the outlet height of the pipe gallery is matched with the height of a water inlet and an oil inlet on the bed side of the ship body; the arrangement of each group of stools can improve the stability of the core mold on the upper end surface of the caisson.
Preferably, cushion blocks made of rubber materials are laid on the upper end faces of the stools of all groups, and the cushion blocks are located between the lower end face of the flat plate and the upper end face of the stool.
By adopting the technical scheme, the upper end surfaces of the flat plate and the stool are separated by the cushion blocks, and when the core mold is hoisted to the upper end surface of the caisson, the cushion blocks made of rubber cushion materials buffer the hoisted core mold, so that the installation noise of the core mold in the hoisting process is reduced.
The construction method of the dock breast wall pipe gallery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. hoisting the caissons to the seabed one by means of hoisting equipment, horizontally arranging the upper end surfaces of the caissons of all groups, throwing stones into the caissons of all groups and pouring underwater concrete mortar;
b. placing each group of stools on the upper end face of the caisson, wherein each group of stools are positioned on the same straight line, arranging two groups of stools which are arranged in the same straight line on one group of core molds, and then laying each group of cushion blocks on the upper end face of each group of stools; mounting the inner molds of each group, wherein the flat plates on the two plates of each group are abutted against the upper end surfaces of the cushion blocks;
c. prefabricating each group of templates according to the size of the caisson, wherein each group of templates is arranged in a set, fixedly connecting two adjacent groups of templates by virtue of each group of stand columns, hoisting the templates to the upper end surface of the caisson by virtue of hoisting equipment after completing the integral connection of the four groups of templates, fixing each group of templates on each group of vertical end surfaces of the caisson by virtue of each group of connecting rods, enabling the two ends of the core mold to be in sealing butt joint with the templates on the two sides, installing each group of braces and pull rods, and screwing positioning nuts;
d. binding steel bars to the upper end faces of caissons between the groups of templates, pouring concrete mortar with low slump, wherein the pouring height of a first layer of the concrete mortar reaches the lower end face of each group of templates, standing a constructor on each group of internal molds, then leveling the inner bottom faces of the internal molds, after 1.5 hours, continuously pouring the concrete mortar in the space outside the internal molds, gradually dehydrating and hardening the inner bottom faces of the internal molds, and adjusting the first expansion piece and the second expansion piece to seal the upper end portions of the core molds by means of the upper end portions of the internal molds when the external molds are hoisted by hoisting equipment; concrete mortar is continuously poured between the groups of the templates, and the two groups of the panels at the upper end of the outer mold are covered by the poured concrete mortar; the height of the concrete mortar reaches the ground of the wharf;
e. after the poured concrete mortar is dehydrated and shaped, detaching the templates and the core mold, at the moment, detaching the groups of upright columns, loosening the groups of circular truncated cone nuts, detaching the positioning nuts on the outer wall of the templates, detaching the groups of connecting rods, hoisting the four groups of templates by means of hoisting equipment, and demolding the groups of templates and the caisson; then the core mold is disassembled, and the pipe gallery inlet at one side, which is exposed after the constructor is disassembled from the template, enters the pipe gallery, so that each group of first retractors is loosened; the wrench is inserted into the inner hexagonal notch of the upper end surface of each group of the supports, the wrench is rotated to enable each group of the supports to contract towards the inner part of the internal threaded pipe, so that the vertical upper end of the external mold is gradually separated from the inner top surface of the pipe gallery, the second expansion piece is adjusted to enable the two groups of panels of the external mold to be close to each other, the core mold is continuously separated from the inner wall of the pipe gallery, the external mold is pulled out from the inner part of the pipe gallery by means of a winch at the moment, and then each group of the internal mold is moved out, so that the core mold is taken out once;
f. and repeating the process to complete the construction of each group of breast wall pipe gallery of each group of caissons.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the construction of the chest wall pipe gallery on the wharf is carried out, constructors firstly erect each group of stools on the upper end surface of a caisson, then sequentially hoist the inner die and the outer die of a core die, the hoisted core dies form the space of the pipe gallery, four groups of templates which are integrally connected are hoisted by means of hoisting equipment, all groups of braces and pull bars are used for fixing all groups of pipe galleries and templates, then the upper end of the caisson is bundled by reinforcing steel bars and concrete mortar is poured, the first layer of the concrete mortar is poured until the first layer reaches the upper end surface of each group of stools, and the pouring height is used for forming the bottom surface of the pipe gallery in the core die; after the inner bottom surface of the pipe gallery is formed, concrete mortar is continuously poured, the concrete mortar is poured to the top layer, and the concrete mortar is used for embedding each core module, so that the pavement of the wharf is formed continuously; after the concrete mortar is dehydrated and hardened, all the groups of templates and the side wall of the caisson are detached, all the groups of core molds are demolded, all the groups of braces and positioning nuts at the end parts of the pull rods are unscrewed, the first expansion pieces and the second expansion pieces are loosened, all the groups of regulators are adjusted, all the groups of wheels are continuously abutted against the inner bottom surface of the pipe gallery, and at the moment, the core molds are pulled out from one side, so that the rapid implementation of the demolding process is realized.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the template structure of the wharf breast wall pipe gallery can meet the requirement of tide-dispelling operation to the maximum extent, reduce the operation time of wharf breast wall pipe gallery construction, and can finish the installation operation of the breast wall template within one low tide operation time, so that the construction speed is high and the construction time is saved;
2. the core mould comprises an inner mould and an outer mould, two groups of two plates of the inner mould are vertically erected at the upper end of the caisson, the core mould is supported by a brace and a pull rod to realize the fixation of the core moulds at the upper end of the caisson, and the quick operation of the inner mould and the outer mould in the demoulding process is realized under the regulation of the first expansion piece and the second expansion piece of each group; the wheels and the regulator are fixed on the lower end faces of the support legs, when demolding is carried out, the support legs are rotated to enable the support legs to be accommodated into the internally threaded pipes, and then the wheels of each group are in contact with the upper end faces of the caissons, and the external mold is pulled to be convenient to take out from the interior of the pipe gallery;
3. under the support of each group of supports, each group of core molds realize the lifting of the core molds on the upper end surface of the caisson, so that the construction height of the pipe gallery is raised, and when water and oil are conveyed inside the pipe gallery, the height of the pipe gallery is not too low, so that the outlet height of the pipe gallery is matched with the height of a water inlet and an oil inlet on the bed side of the ship body; the arrangement of each group of stools can improve the stability of the core mold on the upper end surface of the caisson.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view at A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a top view of an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall mechanism of the embodiment of the present application when a set of templates is hidden;
FIG. 5 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a concrete mortar in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view at B in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view at C in FIG. 5;
fig. 8 is an enlarged view at D in fig. 5.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a template; 11. a plate; 12. a support; 13. a column; 131. corner bolts; 2. a core mold; 21. an inner mold; 211. a second plate; 2111. a flat plate; 2112. a stool; 212. a first retractor; 22. an outer mold; 221. an upper die; 2211. a panel; 2212. a second retractor; 222. a support leg; 223. a wheel; 224. a regulator; 2241. an internally threaded tube; 225. a chaplet; 23. cushion blocks; 24. an internal thread sleeve; 241. an externally threaded rod; 242. a limiting block; 243. a base; 244. an outer hexagonal nut; 3. caisson; 31. a connecting rod; 32. a round table nut; 4. a pipe gallery; 41. bracing; 42. pulling a bar; 43. positioning a nut; 5. a guardrail; 6. mooring a bollard; 7. a pavement; 71. a ditch.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1.
Example 1:
the embodiment of the application discloses pier breast wall pipe gallery template structure. Referring to fig. 1, a plurality of groups of prefabricated caissons 3 are installed on the seabed, each group of caissons 3 is cuboid, each group of caissons 3 is abutted end to end along the length direction of the caisson 3, the extending direction of each group of caissons 3 is perpendicular to the coastline, stones are thrown and underwater concrete mortar is poured into each group of caissons 3, the upper end surfaces of the caissons 3 are leveled, and the upper end surfaces of the concrete mortar are lower than the planes of the two side edges of the upper end of the caisson 3. The template 1 structure of the wharf breast wall pipe gallery 4 comprises four groups of templates 1, wherein each group of templates 1 is a prefabricated structure; the upper end edge of each group of templates 1 is fixedly welded with a fence.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the formwork 1 includes a plurality of groups of brackets 12 fixed by welding square steel pipes and a plate 11, and each group of the plate 11 is located on an end surface of one side of the bracket 12 facing the caisson 3. A plurality of groups of holes positioned on the same horizontal plane are arranged on the upper end edge of the vertical end surface of the periphery of the caisson 3, a connecting rod 31 in an expansion bolt structure is inserted in each group of holes, and the support 12 is provided with a hole which is opposite to each group of holes on the caisson 3; one end of the connecting rod 31 far away from the caisson 3 is in splicing fit with each group of holes on the bracket 12 and is in threaded connection with a circular truncated cone nut 32.
Each group of templates 1 is rectangular and vertically arranged, and each group of templates 1 is attached to four groups of vertical end faces of the caisson 3. Four groups of right-angle positions of the templates 1 which are adjacently arranged in each group of the four groups of templates 1 are provided with rectangular upright posts 13, and the horizontal sections of the upright posts 13 are square; the upright columns 13 are formed by welding a plurality of groups of steel pipes, and the height of each group of upright columns 13 is the same as that of each group of templates 1. Corner bolts 131 are inserted into the group of upright columns 13 and the groups on the two sides, and the adjacent two groups of templates 1 are integrally connected through the corner bolts 131; one panel 11 on each set of formwork panels 1 is in sealing abutment at each corner location.
Referring to fig. 3, the structure of the template 1 of the dock breast wall pipe gallery 4 further includes a plurality of sets of core molds 2, in the embodiment of the present application, three sets of core molds 2 arranged in parallel are arranged on the upper end face of each set of caisson 3, the extending direction of each set of core molds 2 is parallel to the overall extending direction of each set of caisson 3, and both ends of the extending direction of each set of core molds 2 are in sealing abutment with the sets of templates 1 on both sides.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, each set of core molds 2 includes an inner mold 21 and an outer mold 22, the inner mold 21 and the outer mold 22 are prefabricated members, and the lengths of the inner mold 21 and the outer mold 22 are the same as the lengths of the two sets of templates 1 of the caisson 3. The inner die 21 comprises two groups of vertically arranged second plates 211 and a plurality of groups of first expanders 212 for connecting the two groups of second plates 211 in a counter-pulling manner, and each group of second plates 211 is manufactured by integral blanking; each group of the second plates 211 is vertically erected on the upper end surface of the caisson 3; the outer die 22 is located the vertical upper end of two sets of two boards 211, and each set of two boards 211 is connected with the pull rod 42 towards the upward drawing of each set of template 1's one side, all link up on one board 11 and the two boards 211 and have seted up the trompil that a plurality of groups just set up, and each set of pull rod 42 runs through one board 11 and two boards 211, and the both ends of pull rod 42 are located the one side that one board 11 and two boards 211 kept away from each other respectively, and the both ends threaded connection of pull rod 42 has set nut 43.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the upper end surface of the caisson 3 is provided with a plurality of groups of stools 2112 arranged in different straight lines, each group of stools 2112 is formed by welding a plurality of groups of steel bars, and the upper end surface of each group of stools 2112 is arranged horizontally. Rubber cushion blocks 23 are laid on the upper end faces of the stools 2112, and the cushion blocks 23 are located between the lower end faces of the flat plates 2111 and the upper end faces of the stools 2112.
The outer mold 22 includes an upper mold 221 and a plurality of sets of vertically arranged legs 222 for supporting the upper mold 221, the upper mold 221 includes two sets of panels 2211 and a plurality of sets of second expanders 2212, the two sets of panels 2211 are horizontally opposite, the upper end of each set of legs 222 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the two side panels 2211, and each set of second expanders 2212 is connected between the two sets of legs 222. The upper mold 221 covers the upper openings of the two sets of two plates 211, and each set of legs 222 is located between the two sets of two plates 211. Two groups of flat plates 2111 which are horizontally opposite are integrally fixed at one side, close to each other, of the lower end parts of the two groups of the second plates 211, and the flat plates 2111 and the second plates 211 are formed by bending an integral steel plate; each group of first expansion pieces 212 is horizontally arranged, and the two horizontal ends of the first expansion pieces 212 are fixedly connected with the two side plates 211. The lower end surface of each group of flat plates 2111 abuts against the upper end surface of each group of spacers 23.
Referring to fig. 5 and 7, each group of first expanders 212 realizes opposite-pulling connection of two plates 211 on two sides, square steel pipes are welded and fixed on the edges of two groups of flat plates 2111 which are close to each other, a plurality of groups of bases 243 which are distributed at equal intervals are welded and fixed on each group of steel pipes, each group of bases 243 is L-shaped, one group of vertical wing plates of each base 243 is provided with an opening, the axis of each opening is perpendicular to the two plates 211, an external threaded rod 241 is inserted and rotated in each group of openings, two groups of limiting rings are sleeved and fixed on the outer circumferential surface of the external threaded rod 241, wing plates which are vertically arranged on the bases 243 are positioned between the two groups of limiting rings, and an external hexagonal nut 244 is formed on the external; an internal thread sleeve 24 is arranged between the two groups of external thread rods 241, and two ends of the two groups of external thread rods 241 are respectively in threaded connection with two ends of the internal thread sleeve 24. Wheels 223 are fixed to the lower end portions of the legs 222, the wheels 223 are universal wheels, and the lower end portions of the wheels 223 are coplanar with the lower end surfaces of the plates 2111.
Referring to fig. 5 and 7, an adjuster 224 is fixed to a lower end portion of each of the sets of legs 222, the adjuster 224 includes an internally threaded tube 2241 and a stay 225, the axis of the internally threaded tube 2241 is vertically disposed, the stay 225 is inserted into and screwed with the internally threaded tube 2241, an inner hexagonal notch is concavely formed in an upper end circular surface of the stay 225, and the second retractor 2212 is identical in structure to the first retractor 212 and is retracted only in length. The lower end of each group of chapters 225 is conical.
Example 2:
a construction method of a dock breast wall pipe gallery refers to fig. 4 and 5:
a. hoisting the caissons 3 to the seabed one by means of hoisting equipment, horizontally arranging the upper end surfaces of the caissons 3, throwing stones into the caissons 3 and pouring underwater concrete mortar;
b. placing each group of stools 2112 on the upper end surface of the caisson 3, wherein each group of stools 2112 are positioned on the same straight line, two groups of stools 2112 arranged in the same straight line are arranged on one group of core molds 2, and then each group of cushion blocks 23 are laid on the upper end surface of each group of stools 2112; mounting the inner molds 21 of each group, wherein the flat plates 2111 on the second plates 211 of each group are abutted against the upper end surfaces of the cushion blocks 23;
c. prefabricating each group of templates 1 according to the size of the caisson 3, arranging each group of templates 1 in a set, fixedly connecting two adjacent groups of templates 1 by virtue of each group of stand columns 13, after completing the integral connection of the four groups of templates 1, hoisting the templates 1 to the upper end surface of the caisson 3 by virtue of hoisting equipment, fixing each group of templates 1 on each group of vertical end surfaces of the caisson 3 by virtue of each group of connecting rods 31, enabling the two ends of the core mold 2 to be in sealing butt joint with the templates 1 on the two sides, installing each group of braces 41 and pull rods 42 and screwing positioning nuts 43;
d. binding steel bars to the upper end faces of the caissons 3 between the groups of the templates 1, pouring concrete mortar with low slump, wherein the pouring height of a first layer of the concrete mortar reaches the lower end face of each group of the templates 2111, standing on each group of the templates 21 by a constructor, then leveling the inner bottom face of the inner template 21, after 1.5 hours, continuously pouring the concrete mortar in the space outside the inner template 21, gradually dehydrating and hardening the inner bottom face of the inner template 21, hoisting the outer template 22 by means of hoisting equipment, and adjusting the first expansion piece 212 and the second expansion piece 2212 to seal the upper end parts of the groups of the core templates 2; concrete mortar is continuously poured between the groups of the templates 1, and the two groups of the panels 2211 at the upper end of the outer mold 22 are covered by the poured concrete mortar; the height of the concrete mortar reaches the ground of the wharf;
e. after the poured concrete mortar is dehydrated and shaped, detaching the formwork 1 and the core mould 2, at the moment, detaching the groups of upright columns 13, loosening the groups of round platform nuts 32, detaching the positioning nuts 43 on the outer wall of the formwork 1, detaching the groups of connecting rods 31, hoisting the four groups of formworks 1 by means of hoisting equipment, and demolding the groups of formworks 1 and the caisson 3; then the core mold 2 is disassembled, and at the moment, the exposed inlet of the pipe gallery 4 at one side enters the pipe gallery 4 after the constructor is disassembled from the template 1, so that the first expansion pieces 212 of each group are loosened; by means of a wrench, the wrench is inserted into the inner hexagonal notch of the upper end face of each group of the supports 225, the wrench is rotated to enable each group of the supports 225 to contract towards the inner threaded pipe 2241, then the vertical upper end of the outer mold 22 is gradually separated from the inner top face of the pipe gallery 4, the second expansion piece 2212 is adjusted again to enable the two groups of the panels 2211 of the outer mold 22 to approach each other, the core mold 2 is continuously separated from the inner wall of the pipe gallery 4, at the moment, the outer mold 22 is pulled out from the inner part of the pipe gallery 4 by means of a winch, and then each group of the inner molds 21 is moved out, so that the core mold 2 is taken out once;
f. and repeating the process to complete the construction of each group of breast wall pipe galleries 4 of each group of caissons 3.
The implementation principle of the pier breast wall pipe gallery formwork structure and the construction method provided by the embodiment of the application is as follows:
before the construction of the pier breast wall pipe gallery 4, the prefabrication work of all the groups of templates 1, the core molds 2 and the like is carried out according to the size of all the groups of caissons 3, all the groups of holes are reserved on the peripheral edge of the upper end surface of each caisson 3, and all the groups of prefabricated templates 1 and prefabricated core molds 2 are transported to a construction site.
Each group of caissons 3 is laid on the seabed, and underwater concrete mortar is poured into the caissons 3 through stone throwing, compaction and filling, so that the caissons 3 are filled, and the preparation work before the construction of the pier breast wall pipe gallery 4 is completed. Placing each group of stools 2112 on the upper end surface of the caisson 3, wherein each group of stools 2112 are distributed in a row, and each group of cushion blocks 23 is placed on the stools 2112; the two plates 211 of each group are lifted to the position of the caisson 3 by a lifting device, and the flat plates 2111 at the lower end parts of the two plates 211 of each group are abutted against the spacers 23.
The four groups of formworks 1 are installed on a construction site by means of the upright columns 13 and the corner bolts 131, so that the four groups of formworks 1 are connected into a whole; and then, hoisting and installing the integrally connected templates 1 to the upper end face of the caisson 3 by using hoisting equipment, penetrating all groups of connecting rods 31 through all groups of holes on the templates 1 and the caisson 3, and screwing the round platform bolts to fixedly connect all groups of templates 1 and the caisson 3. At this time, both ends of each core mold 2 are brought into sealing contact with the die plates 1 at both ends, and the braces 41 and the tie bars 42 are attached to each other, so that the core molds 2, and the die plates 1 are fixedly connected to each other. And then, binding the steel bars on the upper end surface of the caisson 3, pouring concrete mortar with low slump, pouring the concrete mortar in layers, wherein the pouring height of the first layer reaches the height of the lower end surface of each group of flat plates 2111, and at the moment, a constructor stands on each group of flat plates 2111 and the first expansion piece 212 to trowel the concrete mortar on the inner bottom surface of the inner mold 21. After 1.5 hours, continuing to pour the concrete mortar; at this time, the concrete mortar on the inner bottom surface of the inner mold 21 gradually loses water and hardens, at this time, each group of outer molds 22 is installed, the wheels 223 at the lower end parts of each group of support legs 222 are abutted against the inner bottom surface of the inner mold 21, each group of support legs 222 are positioned between the two plates 211 at the two sides, then each group of inner threaded pipes 2241 is taken to install each group of first expanders 212, and the two groups of outer threaded rods 241 are continuously and rotatably connected with the inner threaded pipes 2241; continuously adjusting each group of the second plates 211, and then installing each group of the second expanders 2212, so that each group of the second expanders 2212 oppositely pull and connect the support legs 222 on the two sides, the two groups of the panels 2211 on the upper end are in sealing contact, and the two groups of the panels 2211 cover the opening on the upper end of the inner mold 21; and continuously pouring concrete mortar to enable the concrete mortar to continuously cover the two groups of panels 2211 on the upper end face of the outer die 22, gradually forming the pavement 7 of the wharf, and installing the ditch 71 and the mooring post 6.
Performing the formwork removal operation of each group of the formworks 1 and the core molds 2, bolting hoisting equipment on each group of the formworks 1 at the moment, then removing the circular truncated cone nuts 32 on each group of the connecting rods 31, and taking down each group of the connecting rods 31; the sets of set nuts 43 on the outer side walls of the formwork 1 are unscrewed. At this time, the hoisting device is driven to take the four integrally connected templates 1 from the caisson 3, a constructor enters from one side of the core mold 2, loosens the first expansion pieces 212 and the second expansion pieces 2212 of each group, takes the positioning nuts 43 on one side of the two plates 211 of each group off, inserts the wrench into the inner hexagonal notch of the upper end surface of each group of the supports 225 by means of the wrench, rotates the wrench to enable each group of the supports 225 to rotate along with the internally threaded pipe 2241, enables the lower end parts of the supports 225 of each group to gradually separate from the inner bottom surface of the pipe gallery 4, enables the wheels 223 of each group to fall on the bottom surface of the pipe gallery 4, and at this time, the two groups of the two plates 211, two sets of panels 2211 breaks away from with the concrete mortar of pouring gradually, and constructor ties hoist engine and stabilizer blade 222 this moment, draws out external mold 22 from pipe gallery 4 inside with the help of the hoist engine, shifts out two sets of centre forms 21 again, and the mandrel 2 forms pipe gallery 4 after taking out, and the work progress to this kind of pier pipe gallery 4 is accomplished to the following. Four group's templates 1 in this application are prefabricated formula structure, each group's template 1 realizes the integration fixed before installing with caisson 3, when carrying out being connected of template 1 and caisson 3, realize once hoist and mount with the help of hoisting equipment with template 1 of four group's body coupling, 1 structure of pier breast wall piping lane 4 in this application can furthest satisfy the operation requirement of hurrying up with tide, the operating time of pier breast wall piping lane 4 construction has been reduced, for 4 work progress of current pier breast wall piping lane, can accomplish the installation operation of breast wall template 1 in a low tide operating time in this application, construction speed is fast, construction time has been saved.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a pier breast wall pipe gallery template structure, includes fixed template (1) of four groups of an organic whole and a plurality of core moulds (2) of group, its characterized in that: a plurality of groups of caissons (3) which are arranged in a collinear manner are hung on the seabed, the upper end surfaces of the caissons (3) of each group are horizontally arranged and filled, each group of templates (1) comprises a plate (11) and a bracket (12) fixedly connected with the plate (11), the lower end edge of each group of brackets (12) is attached and fixedly connected with the upper end parts of the peripheral vertical end surfaces of the caissons (3), and the vertical edges of two adjacent groups of templates (1) are attached and fixedly connected; the core moulds (2) are erected on the upper end face of the caisson (3), the extending direction of the core moulds (2) is perpendicular to a shoreline, the core moulds (2) comprise inner moulds (21) and outer moulds (22) which are covered on the upper end portions of the inner moulds (21) in a sealing mode, two ends of the inner moulds (21) and the outer moulds (22) are in sealing abutting joint with the formworks (1), and the inner moulds (21), the outer moulds (22) and the formworks (1) on two sides of each group form a closed space and are poured with concrete mortar.
2. The dock breast wall pipe gallery formwork structure of claim 1, wherein: the upper edge of the vertical end face around the caisson (3) is provided with a hole, each group of templates (1) are sleeved on the caisson (3), a connecting rod (31) extending horizontally is inserted and fixed in each group of holes, and the connecting rod (31) penetrates through each group of lower end parts of the supports (12) and is in threaded connection with a circular truncated cone nut (32).
3. The dock breast wall pipe gallery formwork structure of claim 1, wherein: the plane of the adjacent two sets of templates (1) is vertically arranged, the right-angle positions of the adjacent two sets of templates (1) are provided with upright columns (13), the positions of the upright columns (13) close to the two sides of the support (12) are fixedly provided with corner bolts (131) for fixedly connecting the adjacent two sets of templates (1) in an inserted manner.
4. The dock breast wall pipe gallery formwork structure of claim 1, wherein: the internal mold (21) comprises two groups of vertically arranged second plates (211) and a plurality of groups of first expansion pieces (212) for connecting the two groups of second plates (211) in a split manner, and each group of second plates (211) is vertically erected on the upper end surface of the caisson (3); the outer die (22) comprises an upper die (221) and a plurality of groups of support legs (222) for supporting the upper die (221), the upper die (221) covers the upper end openings of the two groups of the two plates (211), each group of the support legs (222) is located between the two groups of the two plates (211), and the lower end parts of the support legs (222) are coplanar with the inner bottom surface of the core die (2).
5. The dock breast wall pipe gallery formwork structure of claim 4, wherein: each group the lower tip of stabilizer blade (222) all is fixed with wheel (223) and regulator (224), regulator (224) including with stabilizer blade (222) fixed connection's internal thread pipe (2241) and with internal thread pipe (2241) threaded connection's chaplet (225), the concave interior hexagonal notch that is used for rotating chaplet (225) that is equipped with of up end of chaplet (225).
6. The dock breast wall pipe gallery formwork structure of claim 5, wherein: the upper die (221) comprises two groups of panels (2211) and a plurality of groups of second expansion pieces (2212) which are positioned at the upper end part and are arranged oppositely, the upper end part of each group of the supporting legs (222) is fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the panel (2211), and the horizontal two ends of each group of the second expansion pieces (2212) are respectively fixedly connected with the supporting legs (222) below each group of the panels (2211).
7. The dock breast wall pipe gallery formwork structure of claim 4, wherein: two adjacent groups of the two plates (211) of the two groups of the pipe galleries (4) are connected with a plurality of groups of braces (41) between two groups of vertical end surfaces which are close to each other in a split manner, and two ends of each group of the braces (41) penetrate through the two plates (211) on each side and are in threaded connection with positioning nuts (43); and a plurality of groups of pull rods (42) are connected between the two groups of templates (1) perpendicular to the extending direction of the wharf in a counter-pulling manner, and two ends of each group of pull rods (42) penetrate through the plate (11) on each side and are in threaded connection with positioning nuts (43).
8. The dock breast wall pipe gallery formwork structure of claim 7, wherein: two sets of the two end of the centre form (21) end face that the lower tip of two boards (211) is close to each other is fixed with level two sets of just right dull and stereotyped (2111), the up end of caisson (3) has erect a plurality of groups stools (2112), each group the up end coplane of stool (2112) just the lower terminal surface of dull and stereotyped (2111) with the up end butt of stool (2112).
9. The dock breast wall pipe gallery formwork structure of claim 8, wherein: cushion blocks (23) made of rubber are laid on the upper end faces of the stools (2112) of all groups, and the cushion blocks (23) are located between the lower end face of the flat plate (2111) and the upper end face of the stool (2112).
10. The construction method of the dock breast wall pipe gallery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. hoisting the caissons (3) to the seabed one by means of hoisting equipment, horizontally arranging the upper end surfaces of the caissons (3), throwing stones into the caissons (3) and pouring underwater concrete mortar;
b. placing each group of stools (2112) on the upper end surface of the caisson (3), wherein each group of stools (2112) are positioned on the same straight line, two groups of stools (2112) which are arranged in the same straight line are arranged on one group of core molds (2), and then each group of cushion blocks (23) are laid on the upper end surface of each group of stools (2112); mounting the inner molds (21) of each group, wherein the flat plates (2111) on the second plates (211) of each group are abutted against the upper end surfaces of the cushion blocks (23);
c. prefabricating each group of templates (1) according to the size of the caisson (3), arranging each group of templates (1) in a set, fixedly connecting two adjacent groups of templates (1) by virtue of each group of stand columns (13), hoisting the templates (1) to the upper end surface of the caisson (3) by virtue of hoisting equipment after completing the integral connection of the four groups of templates (1), fixing each group of templates (1) on each group of vertical end surfaces of the caisson (3) through each group of connecting rods (31), enabling the two ends of the core mold (2) to be in sealing butt joint with the templates (1) on the two sides, installing each group of brace (41) and pull rod (42) and screwing up positioning nuts (43);
d. binding steel bars to the upper end faces of the caissons (3) between the sets of templates (1) and pouring concrete mortar with low slump, wherein the pouring height of a first layer of the concrete mortar reaches the lower end face of each set of flat plates (2111), standing on each set of internal molds (21) by a constructor, then troweling the inner bottom face of each internal mold (21), after 1.5 hours, continuously pouring the concrete mortar in the space outside the internal mold (21), at the moment, the inner bottom face of the internal mold (21) is gradually dehydrated and hardened, adjusting the first expansion piece (212) and the second expansion piece (2212) to seal the upper end portions of the sets of core molds (2) when the external molds (22) are hoisted by means of hoisting equipment; concrete mortar is continuously poured between the groups of templates (1), and the two groups of panels (2211) at the upper end of the outer mold (22) are covered by the poured concrete mortar; the height of the concrete mortar reaches the ground of the wharf;
e. after the poured concrete mortar is dehydrated and shaped, detaching the formwork (1) and the core mould (2), detaching all groups of upright posts (13), loosening all groups of round platform nuts (32), detaching positioning nuts (43) on the outer wall of the formwork (1), detaching all groups of connecting rods (31), hoisting four groups of formworks (1) by means of hoisting equipment, and demolding all groups of formworks (1) and caisson (3); then the core mold (2) is disassembled, and the entrance of the pipe gallery (4) on one side, which is exposed after the constructor is disassembled from the template (1), enters the pipe gallery (4) at the moment, so that the first retractors (212) of each group are loosened; by means of a wrench, the wrench is inserted into the inner hexagonal notch of the upper end face of each group of the supporting pieces (225), the wrench is rotated to enable each group of the supporting pieces (225) to contract towards the inner threaded pipe (2241), further the vertical upper end of the outer die (22) is gradually separated from the inner top face of the pipe gallery (4), then the second expansion piece (2212) is adjusted to enable two groups of panels (2211) of the outer die (22) to be close to each other, the core die (2) is continuously separated from the inner wall of the pipe gallery (4), at the moment, the outer die (22) is pulled out from the inner part of the pipe gallery (4) by means of a winch, and then each group of the inner dies (21) is moved out, so that the core die (2) is taken out once;
f. and repeating the process to complete the construction of each group of breast wall pipe gallery (4) of each group of caisson (3).
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| CN110629787A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2019-12-31 | 中铁广州工程局集团深圳工程有限公司 | Core mold for pipe gallery pouring and construction method |
| CN112012115A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-12-01 | 浙江省围海建设集团股份有限公司 | Box culvert walking type internal mold, construction device and construction method |
| CN214460136U (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-10-22 | 中铁广州工程局集团深圳工程有限公司 | Pier breast wall pipe gallery template structure |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07268885A (en) * | 1994-03-31 | 1995-10-17 | Chia-Hsiung Huang | Method of drive construction used for construction of subsurface structure |
| CN102303369A (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2012-01-04 | 沈阳市政地铁管片有限公司 | Process for prefabricating square culvert |
| CN107460889A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2017-12-12 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | Integral movable support formwork in underground comprehensive pipe gallery construction and construction method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210618 |