CN1129782C - Method and device for automatic detection and control of wind tunnel speed - Google Patents
Method and device for automatic detection and control of wind tunnel speed Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method and a device for automatically detecting and controlling the wind tunnel speed. The control method of the present invention comprises: a pitot tube leads airflow out of a wind tunnel; differential pressure signals obtained by a differential pressure transmitter are input into a computer to calculate the corresponding wind speed; the values of air pressure, temperature and relative humidity are collected for inputting the values into the computer, and calculating the total correction factor K value to obtain the actual wind speed value; the computer produce a wind speed fuzzy control rule to control the rotating speed of a wind tunnel motor according to the obtained D/A value and the wind speed value of measured points, so the wind speed can be automatically and stably fixed at points. The present invention has the advantages of high measuring sensitivity, high precision and accuracy, convenient operation, etc.
Description
The present invention relates to the method and the device of a kind of automatic detection and automatic control wind tunnel speed.
Wind-tunnel is generally used for the scientific research and the transmission of quantity value of instrument for wind measurement such as aerodynamic experiment and calibrating anemometer.According to the purposes difference of wind-tunnel, its size, structure, shape are also inequality.At present basic identical: as one, in wind-tunnel, differential pressure signal to be drawn with pitot tube (Pitot-static tube) to the means of testing and the method for all kinds of wind tunnel speeds, enter compensate-type micropressure meter, then by artificial adjustment index dial, when observation level point is positioned at like Qie Feiqie, read water colunm height, i.e. differential pressure value (Pv).Under standard state: air pressure P=1013.25hPa; Temperature T=15 ℃; During relative humidity U=0%, with the suitable wind speed computing formula under the Pv substitution standard state
Promptly equal actual wind speed value V.When the ambient condition when measuring was not above-mentioned standard state, actual wind speed then was not equal to suitable wind speed.For obtaining the actual wind speed value under the off-rating, need calculate the atmospheric density correction factor, award correction.Method is: 1, read at that time atmospheric pressure, room temperature, each value of relative humidity, substitution atmospheric density correction factor computing formula draws K ρ; 2, the total correction factor computing formula of K ρ substitution is drawn K.3, multiply by suitable air speed value with K and draw the actual wind speed value.Like this, could obtain actual wind speed on some test points.Two, the size of wind tunnel speed is directly proportional with motor speed.Therefore need realize needed differential pressure value by the control rotating speed of motor.At present by manually finishing by observation microbarograph indicating value change DC voltage or a-c cycle.But when voltage or frequency one timing, because other various factors may cause the instability of wind speed, the speed that artificial tracking is adjusted does not catch up with the fluctuation of differential pressure again far away, and the test data that finally obtains also can only be the mean value of several approximate values.As from the foregoing, the shortcoming of said method existence is: 1, artificial reading poor accuracy; 2, measurement sensitivity and precision are low; 3, can not provide measured air speed value rapidly; 4, the fluctuation of differential pressure on a certain value is uncontrollable.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method that adopts FUZZY ALGORITHMS FOR CONTROL, improve degree of accuracy, accuracy and the sensitivity of measuring, improve measuring speed and also realize fully detecting and the automatic detection of control robotization and the method and the device of automatic control wind tunnel speed.
Task of the present invention is achieved in that this method that detects and control automatically wind tunnel speed automatically is: it comprises the following steps:
(1), operation beginning, the voltage of differential pressure transmitter and be decided to be point voltage during computer acquisition 0m/s wind speed, import the type code of tested anemometer and table number, calibrating procedure selection code to computing machine this moment;
(2), gather the indoor air pressure of wind-tunnel, temperature and rh value at any time by baroceptor, temperature sensor and relative humidity sensor simultaneously and import in the computing machine the total correction factors formula of computing machine basis through analog to digital converter (A/D)
Calculate the K value;
(3), according to wind speed
Formula generates the wind speed fuzzy control rule with the output valve (D/A value) and the measuring point air speed value of the corresponding measuring point wind speed of computing machine gained and deposits in the disk;
(4), by pitot tube the air-flow in the wind-tunnel is drawn, form general pressure and static pressure, simultaneously general pressure and static pressure are inputed to differential pressure transmitter respectively, obtain the simulating signal of differential pressure signal (Pv), the simulating signal of differential pressure signal (Pv) converts in the digital signal input computing machine through analog to digital converter (A/D), goes out suitable air speed value by COMPUTER CALCULATION;
(5), the simulating signal of air pressure, temperature and the relative humidity numerical value that will gather separately with baroceptor, temperature sensor and relative humidity sensor converts digital signal to through separately analog to digital converter (A/D) and enters computing machine, uses the atmospheric density correction factors formula
Calculate K ρ, calculate total correction factor K value with the coefficient of Pitot tube ξ that pre-deposits again;
(6), total correction factor K is on duty draws in the actual wind speed value of measuring point and demonstration at once with suitable air speed value;
(7), relatively, then stop calibrating as overproof, as qualified, computing machine is promptly exported control signal, enters next test point and detects with the actual wind speed value of measuring point and the standard value that deposits computing machine in;
(8), when the variation of atmospheric density causes that the calculated value of actual wind speed has when departing from, total correction factor K value can obtain revising by atmospheric density correction factor K ρ at any time, and then the correction actual wind speed;
(9), be that simulating signal is controlled motor speed through speed regulator by computing machine output steering order and by digital to analog converter (D/A) with digital signal transition, still press fuzzy control rule between time delay and finely tune motor speed, wind speed is stablized.
Said method both can select single wind speed point to detect automatically and control, and also can select the continuous automatic inspection and the control of a plurality of wind speed points or overall process.
Type code and calibrating procedure to the dissimilar tested anemometer of computing machine input are selected code, and computing machine just can provide the different reference mark of various table, stabilization time, reading delay time and motor ascending, descending speed time.
Said method is applicable to that two kinds of wind-tunnel of forthright or loop use.
A kind of for realizing automatic detection that above-mentioned method designs and the device of controlling automatically, it comprises with lower member:
(1), be installed in the pitot tube in the wind-tunnel, it can be drawn the air-flow in the wind-tunnel and form general pressure and static pressure;
(2), be connected and pressure differential can be modeled to the differential pressure transmitter of magnitude of voltage with pitot tube;
(3), convert the analog voltage of differential pressure transmitter the analog to digital converter (A/D) of digital signal to, the input end of analog to digital converter (A/D) is connected with differential pressure transmitter, and its output terminal is connected with computing machine;
(4), gather baroceptor, temperature sensor and the relative humidity sensor of air pressure, temperature and the relative humidity of wind-tunnel chamber, they are connected with the input end of separately analog to digital converter (A/D) respectively, and the output terminal of analog to digital converter (A/D) is connected with computing machine;
(5), can calculate various air speed value and handle the verification result of all kinds of anemometers and adopt the main frame of FUZZY ALGORITHMS FOR CONTROL control wind tunnel speed, it is connected with a digital to analog converter (D/A) with four analog to digital converters (A/D), and it also is connected with printer with display;
(6), display that can show various parameters and wind tunnel speed numerical value;
(7), the printer that can print calibrating and test result;
(8), convert the steering order of computing machine the digital to analog converter (D/A) of simulating signal to, its input end is connected with computing machine, and output terminal is connected with machine governor;
(9), can control the machine governor of wind-tunnel motor speed, its input end is connected with the output terminal of digital to analog converter (D/A), its output terminal is connected with the wind-tunnel motor.
Above-mentioned machine governor is AC converter or DC voltage speed regulator.
Said apparatus is applicable to that two kinds of wind-tunnel of forthright or loop use.
Because the present invention has adopted technique scheme, therefore compare with background technology, have following advantage:
1, sensitivity, degree of accuracy and the accuracy of measuring have been improved: owing to adopted computing machine and higher precision differential pressure transmitter, therefore improved sensitivity, degree of accuracy and the accuracy of measuring, improved work efficiency, alleviated staff's labour intensity;
2, easy and simple to handle, realized the robotization that detects and control.
The present invention can be widely used in the aerodynamic experiment in fields such as aviation, universities and colleges and bridge, building, for the metrological service of systems such as meteorology, colliery, anemometer manufacturer provides good working environment and reliable detection means.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is automatic detection of the present invention and the schematic representation of apparatus of controlling wind tunnel speed automatically.
As shown in Figure 1, the inventive system comprises: the pitot tube 3 that is contained in open circuit wind-tunnel 5 active sections, its output terminal connects with the input end of differential pressure transmitter (DR1151 type) 6, the air-flows in the wind-tunnel 5 is drawn form general pressure and static pressure and import in the differential pressure transmitter 6; The power supply termination direct current 24V power supply of differential pressure transmitter 6, its output terminal connects with the input end of analog to digital converter (A/D 9007 types) 7, the output terminal of analog to digital converter (A/D) 7 is connected with computing machine (386 type) 10, the differential pressure value of differential pressure transmitter 6 inputs is converted to digital signal input to computing machine 10; Baroceptor (XDY-01 type) 18, the output terminal of temperature sensor 17 and relative humidity sensor 16 (HK8816D type) and analog to digital converter (A/D 9007 types) 13,14 and 15 input end connects, analog to digital converter (A/D) 13,14,15 output terminal is connected with computing machine 10, computing machine 10 also is connected with the input end of digital to analog converter (D/A 9006 types) 11, the output terminal of digital to analog converter (D/A) 11 is connected with the input end of variable-frequence governor (FVB040E7S-4EX) 12, the output terminal of variable-frequence governor 12 is connected with the alternating current generator 1 of wind-tunnel 5, to realize controlling automatically wind tunnel speed; Display 8 is connected with the output port of printer 9 with computing machine 10; On the axle of alternating current generator 1, fan 2 is housed.Tested anemometer 4 also is contained in the active section of wind-tunnel 5.19 for the record key among the figure, is connected with computing machine 10.
Also be provided with traffic lights and sound equipment prompting device in the said apparatus.During operate as normal, green light Chang Liang.During the prompting reading, green light is bright, red light dodges and the sound equipment prompting device sends the discontinuous long.During warning, green light goes out, the red light quickflashing, and the sound equipment prompting device sends very brief sound equipment.During shutdown, red, green light all goes out.
Use said apparatus to detect and control automatically the method (being example) of wind tunnel speed automatically with calibrating DEM6 type three cup type portable anemovanes:
This calibrating procedure is an overall process, promptly carries out: start wind speed, 1.5m/s, 5.0m/s, 10.0m/s, 15.0m/s, 20.0m/s, 25.0m/s, the test of 30.0m/s wind speed.
The step of calibrating is as follows:
1, at first pitot tube is contained in the model bay, tested anemometer is installed in the active section and is positioned at a side of pitot tube.
2, give computing machine, differential pressure transmitter, baroceptor, temperature sensor, relative humidity sensor, variable-frequence governor sequence power-on.
3, computing machine enters the calibrating procedure setting, and the numerical value of air pressure, temperature and relative humidity converts digital signal to through analog to digital converter (A/D) and enters in the computing machine and demonstration.
4, differential pressure transmitter presses signal to import computing machine and be decided to be point voltage through analog to digital converter (A/D) homodyne of 0m/s wind speed.
5, click and enter the tested anemometer type code (DEM6 type table code is 1) and the calibrating procedure that deposit in the computing machine with mouse and select code B (single-point, multipoint codes are A, and the overall process code is B), import table number (factory number 83-1948) with keyboard.
6, computing machine is with air pressure, the temperature of input, the numerical value substitution atmospheric density correction factors formula of relative humidity
With total correction factors formula
In calculate K ρ and K value.
7, according to wind speed
Formula generates the wind speed fuzzy control rule with the output valve (D/A value) and the measuring point air speed value of the corresponding measuring point wind speed of computing machine gained and deposits in the disk, uses as computing machine output steering order.
8, survey the startup wind speed: begin slow rotation by " carriage return " key motor, air-flow in the wind-tunnel is drawn by pitot tube at this moment, form general pressure and static pressure, import the positive and negative pressure chamber of differential pressure transmitter simultaneously respectively, form differential pressure Pv, differential pressure transmitter output differential pressure Pv analog electrical signal also converts digital signal input computing machine to by analog to digital converter (A/D); When tested anemometer vane by static during to slow uniform rotation, press the record key, this moment, motor traveled at the uniform speed, differential pressure transmitter is gathered the Pv value automatically, baroceptor, temperature sensor and relative humidity sensor are gathered air pressure, temperature and relative humidity numerical value automatically, through analog to digital converter (A/D) input computing machine, computing machine is calculated actual startup wind speed, and display result.
9, should compare with the national measurement standard value that deposits computing machine in by reality startup wind speed, examine and determine as overproof then stopping.As qualified, computing machine is promptly exported control signal, and (D/A) converts simulating signal to through digital to analog converter, and the control motor begins to 1.5m/s wind speed calibrating point raising speed.
10, when the D/A value of computing machine output equals the D/A value of 1.5m/s wind speed correspondence, begin to stablize motor speed, stable time-delay is after one minute, and the bright prompting verification worker of sound equipment pronunciation red light reads tested anemometer indicating value (wind speed indicated value).In continuing the process of delaying time two minutes, differential pressure transmitter continuous acquisition differential pressure Pv value, when time-delay finished, computing machine was calculated the actual wind speed value and the demonstration of this point then with the data accumulation calculating mean value of gathering.
11, key in the wind speed indicating value of tested anemometer at this point.
12, computing machine relatively also shows the difference and the national measurement standard value of actual wind speed value and tested anemometer indicating value.Overproof then stopping to be examined and determine; Qualifiedly then carry out next test point 5.0m/s automatically.
13, when finishing the calibrating point program of input in advance, computing machine outputs signal to digital to analog converter (D/A) automatically, converts digital signal to the control electric signal, makes motor speed return zero.Computing machine carries out the parametric regression computing, and the prompting print result is got data such as linear error, each calibrating point parameter and modified value with form.
Tested anemometer type code sees the following form:
| Tested anemometer type | Measurement range | Code |
| The light three glasss of anemorumbometers of DEM6 type | 1.0～30.0m/s | 1 |
| The light three glasss of anemorumbometers of DEM6 type | 1.0～20.0m/ | 2 |
| Light magnetic strength anemorumbometer | 2.0～30.0m/ | 3 |
| Mine Anemometer (at a high speed) | 0.8～25.0m/ | 4 |
| Mine Anemometer (middling speed) | 0.5～10.0m/ | 5 |
| Mine Anemometer (low speed) | 0.3～5.0m/s | 6 |
| Hot-bulb formula anemoscope | 0.05～5.0m/ | 7 |
| Hot-bulb formula anemoscope | 0.05～10.0m/ | 8 |
| Hot-bulb formula anemoscope | 0.05～5.0m/s 5.0～30.0m/s | 9 |
| (standby lattice) | 10 |
The method of above-mentioned automatic detection and automatic control wind tunnel speed, but not only overall process calibrating can also be carried out the calibrating of single-point and multiple spot, and its calibrating procedure selects code to be: it is A that single-point and multiple spot are examined and determine code, and overall process calibrating code is B.As select the multiple spot calibrating, and can once select, motor moves continuously during calibrating, need not singlely select.
Import dissimilar tested anemometer type codes and calibrating procedure selection code to computing machine, computing machine just can provide the different reference mark of all types of tables (being the output valve (D/A value) and measuring point air speed value generation wind speed fuzzy control rule of computing machine according to the corresponding measuring point wind speed of gained), stabilization time (1-2 minute), reading delay time (1-2 minute) and motor ascending, descending speed time (just coming to decide according to the motor wind speed).
Alternating current generator in the foregoing description can also select for use direct current generator to replace, and needs during with direct current generator to carry out speed governing with the DC voltage speed regulator.
The method of the automatic detection of said apparatus and automatic control wind tunnel speed not only can be used for the forthright wind-tunnel, can also be used for the loop wind-tunnel.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of automatic detection and control the method for wind tunnel speed automatically, it is characterized in that: it comprises the following steps:
(1), operation beginning, the voltage of differential pressure transmitter and be decided to be point voltage during computer acquisition 0m/s wind speed, import the type code of tested anemometer and table number, calibrating procedure selection code to computing machine this moment;
(2), gather the indoor air pressure of wind-tunnel, temperature and rh value at any time by baroceptor, temperature sensor and relative humidity sensor simultaneously and import in the computing machine the total correction factors formula of computing machine basis through analog to digital converter (A/D)
Calculate the K value;
(3), according to wind speed
Formula generates the wind speed fuzzy control rule with the output valve (D/A value) and the measuring point air speed value of the corresponding measuring point wind speed of computing machine gained and deposits in the disk;
(4), by pitot tube the air-flow in the wind-tunnel is drawn, form general pressure and static pressure, simultaneously general pressure and static pressure are inputed to differential pressure transmitter respectively, obtain the simulating signal of differential pressure signal (Pv), the simulating signal of differential pressure signal (Pv) converts in the digital signal input computing machine through analog to digital converter (A/D), goes out suitable air speed value by COMPUTER CALCULATION;
(5), the simulating signal of air pressure, temperature and the relative humidity numerical value that will gather separately with baroceptor, temperature sensor and relative humidity sensor converts digital signal to through separately analog to digital converter (A/D) and enters computing machine, uses the atmospheric density correction factors formula
Calculate K ρ, calculate total correction factor K value with the coefficient of Pitot tube ξ that pre-deposits again;
(6), total correction factor K is on duty draws in the actual wind speed value of measuring point and demonstration at once with suitable air speed value;
(7), relatively, then stop calibrating as overproof, as qualified, computing machine is promptly exported control signal, enters next test point and detects with the actual wind speed value of measuring point and the standard value that deposits computing machine in;
(8), when the variation of atmospheric density causes that the calculated value of actual wind speed has when departing from, total correction factor K value can obtain revising by atmospheric density correction factor K ρ at any time, and then the correction actual wind speed;
(9), be that simulating signal is controlled motor speed through speed regulator by computing machine output steering order and by digital to analog converter (D/A) with digital signal transition, still press fuzzy control rule between time delay and finely tune motor speed, wind speed is stablized.
2, a kind of automatic detection according to claim 1 and control the method for wind tunnel speed automatically, it is characterized in that: it both can select single wind speed point to detect automatically and control, and also can select the continuous automatic inspection and the control of a plurality of wind speed points or overall process.
3, a kind of automatic detection according to claim 1 and control the method for wind tunnel speed automatically, it is characterized in that: type code and calibrating procedure to the dissimilar tested anemometer of computing machine input are selected code, computing machine just can provide the different reference mark of various table, stabilization time, reading delay time and motor ascending, descending speed time.
4, a kind of automatic detection according to claim 1 and control the method for wind tunnel speed automatically, it is characterized in that: this method is applicable to that two kinds of wind-tunnel of forthright or loop use.
5, a kind of for realizing automatic detection that the described method of claim 1 designs and the device of controlling automatically, it is characterized in that: it comprises with lower member:
(1), be installed in the pitot tube in the wind-tunnel, it can be drawn the air-flow in the wind-tunnel and form general pressure and static pressure;
(2), be connected and pressure differential can be modeled to the differential pressure transmitter of magnitude of voltage with pitot tube;
(3), convert the analog voltage of differential pressure transmitter the analog to digital converter (A/D) of digital signal to, the input end of analog to digital converter (A/D) is connected with differential pressure transmitter, and its output terminal is connected with computing machine;
(4), gather baroceptor, temperature sensor and the relative humidity sensor of air pressure, temperature and the relative humidity of wind-tunnel chamber, they are connected with the input end of separately analog to digital converter (A/D) respectively, and the output terminal of analog to digital converter (A/D) is connected with computing machine;
(5), can calculate various air speed value and handle the verification result of all kinds of anemometers and adopt the main frame of FUZZY ALGORITHMS FOR CONTROL control wind tunnel speed, it is connected with a digital to analog converter (D/A) with four analog to digital converters (A/D), and it also is connected with printer with display;
(6), display that can show various parameters and wind tunnel speed numerical value;
(7), the printer that can print calibrating and test result;
(8), convert the steering order of computing machine the digital to analog converter (D/A) of simulating signal to, its input end is connected with computing machine, and output terminal is connected with machine governor;
(9), can control the machine governor of wind-tunnel motor speed, its input end is connected with the output terminal of digital to analog converter (D/A), its output terminal is connected with the wind-tunnel motor.
6, the automatic detection according to claim 5 and the device of control automatically, it is characterized in that: described machine governor is AC converter or DC voltage speed regulator.
7, the automatic detection according to claim 5 and the device of control automatically is characterized in that: this device is applicable to that two kinds of wind-tunnel of forthright or loop use.
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| CN 00101566 CN1129782C (en) | 2000-01-19 | 2000-01-19 | Method and device for automatic detection and control of wind tunnel speed |
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| CN 00101566 CN1129782C (en) | 2000-01-19 | 2000-01-19 | Method and device for automatic detection and control of wind tunnel speed |
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