CN112977599B

CN112977599B - Steering gear, vehicle steering system and vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN112977599B
Application number: CN201911303647.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 倪鑫磊; 陈康
Original assignee: Beiqi Foton Motor Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beiqi Foton Motor Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-17
Filing date: 2019-12-17
Publication date: 2022-06-21
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-17
Also published as: CN112977599A

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a steering gear, a vehicle steering system and a vehicle, wherein the steering gear comprises a sector gear and a rack which are meshed with each other, the sector gear is installed in a steering gear shell through a sector gear shaft, and the steering gear further comprises a driving mechanism which is installed in the steering gear shell and is used for driving the sector gear shaft to axially move so as to adjust a meshing gap between the sector gear and the rack. Through the technical scheme, the axial movement of the gear sector shaft can be driven through the driving mechanism according to the vertical jumping quantity of the wheel in the braking process, so that the meshing clearance between the gear sector and the rack is adjusted, the movement interference quantity between a suspension system and a steering system is reduced, and the problem of braking deviation is solved.

Description

Steering gear, vehicle steering system and vehicle

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of vehicle steering technologies, and in particular, to a steering gear, a vehicle steering system, and a vehicle.

Background

In the braking process of the vehicle, the vehicle loses control and deviates from the original running track due to braking deviation, rear axle sideslip or front wheel steering loss, and the important reason of traffic accidents is caused. The main reasons for causing braking deviation mainly include two points, wherein the first is that the braking force of the left wheel and the braking force of the right wheel are not equal; and secondly, the suspension system and the steering system generate motion interference, namely the motion trail of the ball pin point of the steering knuckle arm cannot be completely superposed with the motion trail of the ball pin point of the steering knuckle arm caused by the deformation of the suspension.

In order to solve the phenomenon of braking deviation caused by motion interference, in the related technology, the motion trail of the ball pin point of the steering knuckle arm is close to the motion trail of the ball pin point of the steering knuckle arm caused by suspension deformation by adjusting the position of the ball pin point of the steering knuckle arm, namely modifying the position of a hard point of a structure, so that the purpose of reducing the interference amount is achieved. However, the adjustment range of the hard point is restricted by other mechanisms of the vehicle, so that the arrangement of the other mechanisms is influenced, and the arrangement of the whole vehicle is not facilitated.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the disclosure is to provide a steering gear, which can reduce the motion interference amount between a suspension system and a steering system and solve the problem of braking deviation.

A second object of the present disclosure is to provide a vehicle steering system including the steering gear provided by the present disclosure.

A third object of the present disclosure is to provide a vehicle including the vehicle steering system provided by the present disclosure.

In order to achieve the above object, the present disclosure provides a steering gear including a sector gear and a rack gear which are engaged with each other, the sector gear being mounted in a steering gear housing through a sector gear shaft, the steering gear further including a driving mechanism mounted in the steering gear housing for driving the sector gear shaft to move axially to adjust a meshing gap between the sector gear and the rack gear.

Optionally, the driving mechanism includes an adjusting cam, a push rod, and a rotary driver, an output shaft of the rotary driver is connected to the adjusting cam, a first end of the push rod is connected to a first end of the sector shaft, and a second end of the push rod can be pushed when the adjusting cam rotates to drive the sector shaft to move axially; the steering gear further includes an elastic member installed within the steering gear housing, the elastic member being capable of being compressed when the push rod is pushed and having an elastic restoring force in an axial direction of the push rod.

Optionally, the elastic element is a compression spring sleeved on the outer side of the push rod.

Optionally, be provided with the partition wall in the steering gear casing, the partition wall will the steering gear is separated into and is used for the installation the main cavity of sector and rack and be used for the installation adjust the supplementary chamber of cam and push rod, set up the confession on the partition wall the via hole that the push rod passed, be provided with the stop dish on the push rod, the elastic component set up in the partition wall with between the stop dish.

Optionally, the barrier wall is integrally formed inwardly along an inner wall of the diverter housing.

Optionally, a cavity for accommodating the first end of the push rod is formed at the first end of the sector shaft, a radial protrusion is formed at the first end of the push rod, and filling blocks for limiting axial movement of the push rod are respectively arranged at two axial ends of the protrusion.

Optionally, the steering gear further comprises a steering screw and a steering nut sleeved outside the steering screw, and the lower plane outside the steering nut forms the rack.

According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is also provided a vehicle steering system including: the steering device comprises a steering rocker arm, a steering gear and a controller; the steering gear is the steering gear; the second end of the gear sector shaft is connected with the steering rocker arm, and the first end of the gear sector shaft is connected with the driving mechanism; the controller is used for controlling the driving mechanism to drive the gear sector shaft to axially move according to the jumping amount of the wheel when the vehicle is braked.

Optionally, the vehicle steering system further comprises an acceleration sensor for detecting a bounce amount of a wheel, the acceleration sensor being electrically connected to the controller.

According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, there is also provided a vehicle including the vehicle steering system described above.

Through the technical scheme, the steering gear can drive the axial movement of the gear sector shaft through the driving mechanism according to the up-down jumping amount of the wheel in the braking process, so that the meshing clearance between the gear sector and the rack is adjusted, the movement interference amount between a suspension system and a steering system is reduced, and the problem of braking deviation is solved.

Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure without limiting the disclosure. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a diverter provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the sector gear and rack gear of FIG. 1 in a first backlash;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the sector gear and rack gear of FIG. 1 at a second backlash;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle steering system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of another perspective of the vehicle steering system of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a kinematic interference model of vehicle braking off tracking.

Description of the reference numerals

1 steering gear 11 sector 12 rack

13 tooth fan shaft 131 cavity 132 stop

14 steering gear housing 15 drive mechanism 151 adjustment cam

152 push rod 1521 stop disc 1522 is raised

153 rotating driver 16 elastic piece 17 baffle wall

18 steering screw rod, 19 steering nut and 2 steering rocker arm

3 controller 4 acceleration sensor

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the embodiments of the disclosure refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.

In the present disclosure, the use of directional terms such as "inner" and "outer" in the absence of a contrary indication means that the corresponding component profiles are both inner and outer. The use of the terms first and second do not denote any order or importance, but rather the terms first and second are used to distinguish one element from another. In addition, when the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated.

The motion interference of a suspension system and a steering system is an important reason for generating the braking deviation of the vehicle. As shown in FIG. 6, when the vehicle is braked, the wheel jumps up and down relative to the vehicle frame, the hinge point (a spherical hinge center A1) connecting the steering drag link and the steering knuckle arm moves along a track JJ 'determined by the center (C) of the main leaf spring and swings around the other end point B1 of the drag link to form a track KK', and the two tracks cannot be completely overlapped, so that motion interference is generated.

To solve the above technical problem, as shown in fig. 1, 4 to 5, the present disclosure provides a steering including a sector 11 and a rack 12 engaged with each other, the sector 11 being mounted in a steering gear housing 14 through a sector shaft 13. The diverter 1 further comprises a drive mechanism 15 mounted in the diverter housing 14 for driving the axial movement of the sector shaft 13. The steering arm 2 is connected to the steering gear 1 via a sector shaft 13, i.e. the sector shaft 13 serves both for mounting the sector 11 as a sector shaft 13 and for mounting the steering arm 2 as a rocker shaft. During the braking process of the vehicle, the suspension deforms to enable the steering rocker arm 2 to swing up and down along with the jumping of the wheels, and the meshing clearance between the sector 11 and the rack 12 changes. The driving mechanism 15 drives the sector shaft 13 to move axially, i.e. the driving mechanism 15 can drive the sector shaft 13 to move left and right in fig. 1. Referring to fig. 2 and 3, when the wheel runout causes the meshing gap between the sector gear 11 and the rack 12 to become smaller, at this time, the meshing gap between the sector gear 11 and the rack 12 is h1, the driving mechanism 15 pushes the sector gear shaft 13 leftward to drive the sector gear 11 leftward, the meshing gap between the sector gear 11 and the rack 12 becomes h2, and h2 > h1, so that the meshing gap between the sector gear 11 and the rack 12 is increased, the interference is cancelled, and the vehicle can keep running normally along a straight line.

The present disclosure is not limited to the specific implementation of the driving mechanism 15, and any structure and method capable of achieving the axial movement of the driving sector shaft 13 can be applied to the present disclosure. According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1, the driving mechanism 15 may include an adjustment cam 151, a push rod 152, and a rotation driver 153. An output shaft of the rotation driver 153 is connected to the adjustment cam 151 to drive the rotation of the adjustment cam 151. The rotary driver 153 of the present disclosure may be a motor, hydraulic or pneumatic structure. A first end of the push rod 152 is connected to a first end of the sector shaft 13, and a second end of the push rod 152 can be pushed when the adjusting cam 151 rotates to drive the sector shaft 13 to move axially. The rotating driver 153 drives the adjusting cam 153 to periodically make a rotary motion, the rotary motion of the adjusting cam 153 pushes the push rod 152 to move along the axis, and the push rod 152 is connected with the first end of the sector shaft 13, so that the sector shaft 13 can move along the axis along with the push rod 152.

Further, the steering gear 1 further includes an elastic member 16 installed in the steering gear housing 14, the elastic member 16 being capable of being compressed when the push rod 152 is pushed and having an elastic restoring force in the axial direction of the push rod 152. In the present disclosure, the elastic member 16 may be a compression spring sleeved outside the push rod 152. When the adjusting cam 151 rotates to a position where the push rod 152 is not pushed, under the elastic restoring force of the elastic member 16, the push rod 152 drives the sector shaft 13 to return, i.e. move in the right direction in fig. 1. In this way, the sector shaft 13 can perform reciprocating motion in the axial direction under the combined action of the driving mechanism 15 and the elastic member 16, so that the meshing gap between the sector shaft 11 and the rack 12 is continuously changed.

According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the driving mechanism may also be a linear actuator, and an output shaft of the linear actuator is directly connected to the sector shaft 13, so that the axial reciprocating motion of the sector shaft 13 can be realized only by the linear actuator.

As an embodiment of the present disclosure, in order to prevent the driving mechanism 15 from interfering with other components in the steering gear 1, whether the rotary driver 153 or the linear driver inevitably generates vibration during operation, as shown in fig. 1, a blocking wall 17 may be provided in the steering gear housing 14, and the blocking wall 17 divides the steering gear 1 into a main cavity for mounting the sector gear 11 and the rack gear 12 and an auxiliary cavity for mounting the adjustment cam 151 and the push rod 152, so that the driving mechanism 15 can be separately placed in the auxiliary cavity, and interference with other transmission mechanisms in the steering gear 1 during operation thereof can be avoided. For convenience of processing, the blocking wall 17 may be integrally formed inward along the inner wall of the steering gear housing 14, for example, the whole steering gear housing 14 and the blocking wall 17 are integrally formed by injection molding, and of course, the blocking wall 17 may also be separately manufactured and installed in the steering gear housing 14 by splicing.

Further, when the blocking wall 17 is disposed in the steering gear housing 14 to block the sector 11 and the bar 12 from the driving mechanism 15, in order to realize that the push rod 152 drives the sector shaft 13 to move axially, in the present disclosure, a through hole 171 for the push rod 152 to pass through is formed on the blocking wall 17. As a way for installing the elastic member 16, a stopper disc 1521 may be provided on the push rod 152, and the elastic member 16 is disposed between the blocking wall 17 and the stopper disc 1521.

As one way to mount the push rod 152 on the first end of the sector shaft 13, as shown in fig. 1, a cavity 131 for accommodating the first end of the push rod 152 is formed at the first end of the sector shaft 13, a radial protrusion 1522 is formed at the first end of the push rod 152, and filling blocks 132 for limiting the axial movement of the push rod 152 are respectively disposed at two axial ends of the protrusion 1522. This connection facilitates the mounting and dismounting of the sector shaft 13 and the push rod 152, but it is also possible to integrally form the sector shaft 13 and the push rod 152.

The drive mechanism 15 of the present disclosure may be combined with any existing steering gear and can be modified with minimal modifications to the existing steering gear. The steering gear of the present disclosure may be a recirculating ball steering gear having a sector 11 and a rack 12. The steering gear has a steering spindle 18 and a steering nut 19 which is mounted on the outside of the steering spindle 18. The steering nut 19 is a driven member of the first-stage transmission pair, and is also a driving member (rack) of the second-stage transmission pair (rack-and-pinion transmission pair). In order to save parts and installation space, the lower plane of the outer side of the steering nut 19 forms the rack 12. When the steering screw 18 is rotated through the steering wheel and the steering shaft, the steering nut 19 cannot rotate and only can move axially to drive the sector shaft 13 to rotate, and when the meshing clearance between the sector 11 and the rack 12 needs to be adjusted according to the wheel runout, the sector shaft 13 is driven to move axially through the driving mechanism 15, namely, the sector shaft 13 can rotate around the shaft and also can move axially in the present disclosure, so that the functions of steering and adjusting motion interference are realized simultaneously.

The present disclosure also provides a vehicle steering system comprising a pitman arm 2, a steering gear 1 and a controller 3. The steering gear 1 is the steering gear and has the left and right beneficial effects of the steering gear, which are not described in detail in the present disclosure. The second end of the sector shaft 13 is connected to the pitman arm 2, and the first end is connected to the drive mechanism 15. The controller 3 is used for controlling the driving mechanism 15 to drive the gear sector shaft 13 to move axially according to the jumping amount of the wheel when the vehicle brakes. The controller 3 may be integrated with an ECU (electronic control system), that is, control of all systems of the vehicle may be performed by one ECU system, and in addition, the controller 3 may be provided independently to control the driving mechanism 15 individually.

The vehicle steering system may further include an acceleration sensor 4 for detecting the amount of wheel bounce, the acceleration sensor 4 being electrically connected to the controller 3. The acceleration sensor 4 may be an electromagnetic induction type sensor, and the acceleration sensor 4 may be mounted at the wheel end. When the wheel rotates, an alternating voltage signal can be excited on the acceleration sensor 4, the frequency of the alternating voltage is also in direct proportion to the rotating speed of the wheel, the ECU calculates the wheel bounce amount according to the received signal of the acceleration sensor 4, and controls the driving mechanism 15 to drive the sector shaft 13 to axially move for a proper distance according to the vehicle bounce amount, so that the meshing gap between the sector 11 and the rack 12 is adjusted, and the motion interference amount between a suspension system and a steering system is reduced.

The present disclosure further provides a vehicle including the above vehicle steering system, and the vehicle has all the beneficial effects of the above vehicle steering system, which are not described herein again.

The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure within the technical idea of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.

It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations will not be separately described in this disclosure.

In addition, any combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present disclosure, as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A vehicle steering system, characterized by comprising a steering rocker arm (2), a steering gear (1) and a controller (3); wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the steering gear (1) comprises a sector (11) and a rack (12) which are meshed with each other, the sector (11) is installed in a steering gear shell (14) through a sector shaft (13), and the steering gear (1) further comprises a driving mechanism (15) installed in the steering gear shell (14) and used for driving the sector shaft (13) to move axially so as to adjust the meshing clearance between the sector (11) and the rack (12);

the second end of the sector gear shaft (13) is connected with the steering rocker arm (2), and the first end of the sector gear shaft (13) is connected with the driving mechanism (15);

the controller (3) is used for controlling the driving mechanism (15) to drive the gear sector shaft (13) to move axially according to the jumping amount of the wheel when the vehicle is braked.

2. The vehicle steering system according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive mechanism (15) comprises an adjustment cam (151), a push rod (152) and a rotary driver (153), an output shaft of the rotary driver (153) is connected with the adjustment cam (151), a first end of the push rod (152) is connected with a first end of the sector shaft (13), and a second end of the push rod (152) can be pushed to drive the sector shaft (13) to move axially when the adjustment cam (151) rotates; the steering gear (1) further comprises an elastic member (16) mounted in the steering gear housing (14), the elastic member (16) being capable of being compressed when the push rod (152) is pushed and having an elastic restoring force in the axial direction of the push rod (152).

3. The vehicle steering system according to claim 2, wherein the elastic member (16) is a compression spring fitted around the outside of the push rod (152).

4. The vehicle steering system according to claim 2, wherein a blocking wall (17) is arranged in the steering gear housing (14), the blocking wall (17) divides the steering gear (1) into a main cavity for mounting the gear sector (11) and the rack (12) and an auxiliary cavity for mounting the adjusting cam (151) and the push rod (152), a through hole (171) for the push rod (152) to pass through is formed in the blocking wall (17), a blocking disc (1521) is arranged on the push rod (152), and the elastic member (16) is arranged between the blocking wall (17) and the blocking disc (1521).

5. The vehicle steering system according to claim 4, characterized in that the barrier wall (17) is integrally formed inwardly along an inner wall of the steering gear housing (14).

6. The vehicle steering system according to claim 2, wherein a first end of the sector shaft (13) is formed with a cavity (131) for receiving a first end of the push rod (152), the first end of the push rod (152) is formed with a radial protrusion (1522), and filling blocks (132) for restricting axial movement of the push rod (152) are respectively provided at both axial ends of the protrusion (1522).

7. The vehicle steering system according to claim 1, characterized in that the steering gear (1) further comprises a steering screw (18) and a steering nut (19) fitted over the steering screw (18), the lower plane of the outer side of the steering nut (19) forming the rack (12).

8. The vehicle steering system according to claim 1, further comprising an acceleration sensor (4) for detecting a bounce amount of a wheel, the acceleration sensor (4) being electrically connected to the controller (3).

9. A vehicle characterized by comprising a vehicle steering system according to any one of claims 1 to 8.