CN112974857B - Precious metal-oriented zoning-type selective laser melting device and method - Google Patents
Precious metal-oriented zoning-type selective laser melting device and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112974857B CN112974857B CN202110158470.0A CN202110158470A CN112974857B CN 112974857 B CN112974857 B CN 112974857B CN 202110158470 A CN202110158470 A CN 202110158470A CN 112974857 B CN112974857 B CN 112974857B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- printing
- feeding
- piston
- cylinder
- platform
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture Or Reproduction Of Printing Formes (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a partitioned laser selective melting device and method for precious metals. According to the invention, the number of the second feeding cylinders, the number of the second forming cylinders, the first feeding cylinders and the first forming cylinders are flexibly selected and matched for use, so that the purpose of easily switching between two modes of printing large-size parts and printing small-size precious metal parts by using a full-size powder bed at a low starting amount is achieved, and the starting amount of precious metal powder can be reduced to the minimum by adjusting the mounting number of the second feeding cylinders when the small-size precious metal parts are printed, thereby achieving the purpose of saving the using amount of the precious metal powder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a precious metal-oriented zoning laser selective melting device and method.
Background
Because the traditional metal forming processing method has the defects of long congenital period, complex process, great difficulty in processing parts with complex structures, great limitation on the degree of freedom of part design and the like, a manufacturing technology which subverts the traditional method is urgently needed, the additive manufacturing technology perfectly meets the requirement, and the metal additive manufacturing technology is paid much attention and becomes a leading subject of research.
The additive manufacturing technology is also called as a 3D printing technology, has been developed and developed rapidly since the last 90 s, and additive manufacturing of metal materials is performed by adopting the principle of layer-by-layer stacking. Common techniques for metal additive manufacturing are Selective Laser Melting (SLM), photo-curing (SLA), Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), etc. The Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology is used for slicing parts, a three-dimensional part entity is processed by utilizing a two-dimensional section, and a layer of powder is laid after each layer of metal material is melted by laser, so that the process is circulated until the whole part is molded. The metal additive manufacturing technology has the advantages of high density of formed parts, high precision, excellent mechanical property, wide formed materials and the like, so the metal additive manufacturing technology has important practical application value and is concerned by scholars at home and abroad.
However, the selective laser melting technology still has a place to be improved in many aspects, for example, the traditional selective laser melting technology needs a fixed amount of added printing material and cannot be flexibly adjusted, and this defect is particularly prominent when printing noble metals. Due to congenital reasons such as high price, the precious metal usually has the characteristics of less printing material consumption, smaller required molding volume and the like when being subjected to additive manufacturing, printing and molding, and the printing material consumption of the traditional metal additive manufacturing method is not flexible and adjustable, so that adverse effects such as cost increase, material waste and the like are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The first purpose of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages and shortcomings of the prior art, and to provide a precious metal-oriented zoning laser zoning melting device, which achieves the purpose of easily switching between two modes of printing large-size parts and printing small-size precious metal parts on a full-size powder bed by flexibly selecting and matching the number of second feeding cylinders, the number of second forming cylinders, the number of first feeding cylinders and the number of first forming cylinders, and can minimize the starting amount of precious metal powder by adjusting the mounting number of second feeding cylinders when printing small-size precious metal parts, thereby achieving the purpose of saving the consumption of precious metal powder.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a partitioned laser selective melting method for noble metals.
The first purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a precious metal-oriented zonable laser selective melting apparatus, the apparatus comprising: the device comprises a base frame, a feeding cylinder, a feeding piston, a forming cylinder, a printing piston, a moving platform, a scraper and an optical device, wherein the base frame is provided with an installation plate for dividing the base frame into an upper layer and a lower layer;
the printing mode of the device comprises a cylinder separating mode and a single cylinder mode, wherein when the device adopts the cylinder separating mode, the mounting plate consists of a second nested plate and a first nested plate which is arranged outside the second nested plate in a surrounding mode, and the second nested plate is detachably connected with the first nested plate; the feeding cylinder is divided into a first feeding cylinder and a plurality of second feeding cylinders smaller than the first feeding cylinder in size, the feeding piston is divided into a first feeding piston and a plurality of second feeding pistons, the forming cylinder is divided into a first forming cylinder and a plurality of second forming cylinders smaller than the first forming cylinder in size, and the printing piston is divided into a first printing piston and a plurality of second printing pistons;
the first feeding cylinder and the first forming cylinder are respectively connected with the first nesting plate and are fixed at the lower layer in parallel through the first nesting plate, the first feeding piston is detachably arranged in the first feeding cylinder and does lifting and descending motion in the first feeding cylinder, and the first printing piston is detachably arranged in the first forming cylinder and does lifting and descending motion in the first forming cylinder;
the plurality of second feeding cylinders and the plurality of second forming cylinders are respectively embedded in the second embedded plate and connected with the second embedded plate, and the second feeding cylinders are distributed above the first feeding piston; the upper surface of the second feeding piston is provided with a second feeding platform for placing metal powder, the second feeding piston is detachably arranged in a second feeding cylinder required to be used, is connected with the first feeding piston and is driven by the first feeding piston to move up and down in the second feeding cylinder; the second forming cylinder is distributed above the first printing piston, a second printing platform is arranged on the upper surface of the second printing piston, the second printing piston is detachably arranged in the second forming cylinder to be used and is connected with the first printing piston, and the first printing piston drives the second forming cylinder to move up and down;
when the device adopts a single-cylinder mode, the device only adopts the first nesting plate, the first feeding cylinder, the first forming cylinder, the first feeding piston and the first printing piston; a first feeding platform for placing metal powder is arranged on the upper surface of the first feeding piston, and a first printing platform is arranged on the upper surface of the first printing piston;
the scraper is connected to the moving platform, the moving platform controls the height of the scraper and drives the scraper to move from the first feeding platform to the first printing platform in a single-cylinder mode, so that the metal powder is paved on the first printing platform, or the moving platform controls the height of the scraper and drives the scraper to move from the second feeding platform to the second printing platform in a cylinder-separating mode, so that the metal powder is paved on the second printing platform;
the optical device is mounted on the base frame and used for providing laser for melting and sintering metal powder to the first printing platform or the second printing platform coated with the metal powder.
Preferably, the device further comprises a collecting funnel and a waste collecting box, wherein the collecting funnel is arranged on the first nesting plate, and the scraper moves towards the collecting funnel; the waste collecting box is arranged on the lower layer and is communicated with the collecting funnel through a hose.
Preferably, electric cylinders are arranged below the first feeding cylinder and the first forming cylinder, one end of each electric cylinder below the first feeding cylinder is connected with the first feeding piston through a telescopic push rod, the push rod drives the first feeding piston to move up and down, and the other end of each electric cylinder penetrates through the first feeding cylinder and is positioned below the first feeding cylinder;
one end of the electric cylinder below the first forming cylinder is connected with the first printing piston through a telescopic push rod, the push rod drives the first printing piston to move up and down, and the other end of the electric cylinder penetrates through the first forming cylinder and is located below the first forming cylinder.
Furthermore, the bottoms of the first feeding cylinder and the first forming cylinder are provided with supporting plates, the two electric cylinders are respectively fixedly arranged below the corresponding supporting plates, push rods of the electric cylinders upwards penetrate through the supporting plates and are connected with the first feeding piston or the first printing piston, guide columns are respectively arranged between the supporting plates and the first feeding piston and between the supporting plates and the first printing piston, one ends of the guide columns are connected with the supporting plates, and the other ends of the guide columns are connected with the first feeding piston or the first printing piston.
Furthermore, the electric cylinder, the mobile platform and the optical device are all connected to an upper computer, and the working state of the upper computer is controlled by the upper computer.
Preferably, when the printing mode is the cylinder-splitting mode, the upper surface of the first feeding piston is provided with a connecting rod, the first feeding piston is connected with the second feeding piston through the connecting rod, the upper surface of the first printing piston is provided with a connecting rod, and the first printing piston is connected with the second printing piston through the connecting rod;
every second feed jar that need not use and every second forming cylinder that need not use all cover and are equipped with a corresponding cylinder cap.
Preferably, a plurality of sets of sealing rings are sleeved on the peripheries of the first feeding piston, the first printing piston, the second feeding piston and the second printing piston.
Preferably, the optical device comprises an optical fiber module, a laser generator and a laser scanning mirror, wherein the laser scanning mirror is installed on the upper layer, the laser generator is installed on the lower layer, the optical fiber module is installed on the upper layer or the lower layer, the laser generator is connected with the optical fiber module through a cable, and the optical fiber module is connected with the laser scanning mirror through a cable.
The second purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for selective laser melting facing to precious metal in a zoning mode is applied to a selective laser melting facing to precious metal in a first purpose and comprises the following steps:
s1, importing the slice file of the part to be printed into an upper computer;
s2, selecting a printing mode of the device in the upper computer, arranging parts to be printed in the slice file according to the selected printing mode, the number and the size of the parts to be printed, and setting forming parameters of laser printing, wherein the forming parameters comprise the printing layer thickness, the printing layer number and the laser speed of an optical device;
s3, starting and issuing a control command to the mobile platform, the electric cylinder and the optical device by using the upper computer, and starting printing;
when the printing mode is the single-cylinder mode: the electric cylinder firstly controls the first feeding piston to move downwards, and after the metal powder is poured into the first feeding platform, the electric cylinder pushes the first feeding piston to move upwards; the moving platform adjusts the initial position of the scraper firstly, when the upper surface of the metal powder in the first feeding platform and the first printing platform are flush with the first nesting plate, the moving platform controls the scraper to move towards the first printing platform, and the scraper moves from the first feeding platform to the first printing platform to uniformly spread the metal powder on the first printing platform; the optical device emits laser to melt and sinter the metal powder according to the path planning of the slicing file, and the moving platform controls the scraper to reset after the sintering is finished, so that a printing cycle is finished to form a printing layer;
when the printing mode is the cylinder separating mode: the electric cylinder controls the first feeding piston to move downwards to enable the second feeding piston to move downwards, and after metal powder is poured into the second feeding platform, the electric cylinder pushes the first feeding piston to move upwards to enable the second feeding piston to move upwards; the moving platform adjusts the initial position of the scraper, when the upper surface of the metal powder in the second feeding platform and the second printing platform are flush with the second nesting plate, the moving platform controls the scraper to move towards the second printing platform, and the scraper moves from the second feeding platform to the second printing platform to uniformly lay the metal powder on the second printing platform; the optical device emits laser to melt and sinter the metal powder according to the path planning of the slicing file, and the moving platform controls the scraper to reset after the sintering is finished, so that a printing cycle is finished to form a printing layer;
s4, the device continues printing the next layer according to the step S3 until reaching the preset number of printing layers.
Preferably, the method further comprises: mounting the collection funnel on the first nesting plate and communicating the collection funnel with the waste collection bin via a hose prior to step S3; covering a cylinder cover on a second feeding cylinder and a second forming cylinder which are not needed to be used respectively, and enclosing a plurality of sets of sealing rings on the first feeding piston, the first printing piston, each second feeding piston and each second printing piston;
step S4 further includes: when the scraper evenly spreads metal powder on second print platform, the scraper still scrapes unnecessary metal powder to the position of collecting the funnel, collects unnecessary metal powder to garbage collection box with the collecting funnel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
(1) according to the invention, through flexible selection and matching of the number of the second feeding cylinders, the number of the second forming cylinders, the number of the first feeding cylinders and the number of the first forming cylinders, the purpose of easily switching between two modes of printing large-size parts and printing small-size precious metal parts is achieved, multiple purposes can be realized, and excellent flexibility is embodied.
(2) According to the invention, through the design of the second feeding cylinder and the second forming cylinder, the area of the original large feeding platform and the area of the original large printing platform are divided into a plurality of areas, and the starting amount of metal powder can be minimized by adjusting the using amount of the second feeding cylinder and matching with the corresponding amount of the second forming cylinders, so that the purpose of saving the using amount of the metal powder is achieved.
(3) When the cylinder separating mode is switched to the single cylinder mode, the printing of large-size parts in the single cylinder mode can be realized only by integrally disassembling the second nested plate, the second feeding cylinder and the second forming cylinder on the second nested plate, respectively disassembling the second feeding piston and the second forming piston from the first feeding piston and the first printing piston, independently disassembling each second feeding cylinder and each second forming cylinder from the second nested plate, and installing the first feeding platform on the upper surface of the first feeding piston and the first printing platform on the upper surface of the first printing piston. When the single cylinder mode is switched to the cylinder separating mode, the first printing platform and the first feeding platform are directly detached, and then the second nested plate, the second feeding cylinder, the second forming cylinder, the second feeding piston, the second forming piston, the second printing platform and the second feeding platform are installed, so that the printing of small-size parts in the cylinder separating mode can be realized. Therefore, the operation is very simple and convenient.
(4) The scraper is adopted to pave and cover the printing material, the flatness of the paved and covered printing material can be improved, and meanwhile, the collecting hopper is arranged on one side of the forming cylinder, so that the recycling is facilitated, the material is further saved, and the environment-friendly effect is achieved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the device of embodiment 1 in a cylinder separating mode.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the device of embodiment 1 from another perspective in cylinder-separating mode.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the device of example 1 in a single cylinder mode.
Figure 4 is a top view of the apparatus of figure 1 using only 4 second feed cylinders and 4 second forming cylinders.
FIG. 5 is a top view of the second nest plate.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the connection of a first and a second feed piston in the case of the device of fig. 1 using only 4 second feed cylinders.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the connection of a first printing piston and a second printing piston in the case of the apparatus of fig. 1 using only 4 second forming cylinders.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the connection of the second printing piston of fig. 7 with the first printing piston mounted in the first forming cylinder.
Fig. 9 is a three-dimensional view and a perspective view of a second forming cylinder or a second feeding cylinder.
FIG. 10 is a printing flow chart of the precious metal-oriented zoning laser selective melting method in the single cylinder mode according to the embodiment 1.
Fig. 11 is a printing flow chart of the precious metal zoned laser selective melting method in the cylinder mode in embodiment 1.
The reference numbers illustrate:
1 is a base frame, 1-1 is a top plate, 1-2 is a bottom plate, 1-3 is a first nesting plate, 1-4 is a second nesting plate, 1-4-1 is a hole, 1-5 is a support plate, 2 is a moving platform, 3 is a scraper, 4 is a laser scanning galvanometer, 5 is an optical fiber module, 6 is a laser generator, 7 is a first supply cylinder, 8 is a second supply cylinder, 9 is a first forming cylinder, 10 is a second forming cylinder, 11 is a first supply piston, 12 is a second supply piston, 13 is a first printing piston, 14 is a second printing piston, 15 is a connecting rod, 16 is a first printing platform, 17 is a first supply platform, 18 is a second printing platform, 19 is a second supply platform, 20 is a sealing ring, 21 is a cylinder cover, 22 is an electric cylinder, 22-1 is a push rod, 23 is a guide column, 24 is a collection funnel, 25 is a hose, 26 is a waste collection box.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example 1
The embodiment discloses a precious metal-oriented zoning laser selective melting device, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the device includes: the printing device comprises a base frame 1, a feeding cylinder, a feeding piston, a forming cylinder, a printing piston, a moving platform 2, a scraper 3 and an optical device, wherein the base frame 1 is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer and is provided with a top plate 1-1 of the upper layer, a bottom plate 1-2 of the lower layer and a mounting plate which is positioned between the top plate and the bottom plate and divides the upper layer and the lower layer.
The printing mode of the device has a cylinder separating mode and a single cylinder mode, and particularly:
(1) when the device is in the cylinder-separating mode, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the mounting plate is composed of a second nesting plate 1-4 with multiple holes and a first nesting plate 1-3 surrounding the second nesting plate, the second nesting plate is detachably connected with the first nesting plate, and the second nesting plate is connected with the first nesting plate in a threaded manner (namely, screws/bolts). The second nested plate can be seen in fig. 5.
The supply cylinders are divided into a first supply cylinder 7 and a plurality of second supply cylinders 8 smaller in size than the first supply cylinder, the supply pistons are divided into a first supply piston 11 and a plurality of second supply pistons 12 smaller in size than the first supply piston, the forming cylinders are divided into a first forming cylinder 9 and a plurality of second forming cylinders 10 smaller in size than the first forming cylinder, and the printing pistons are divided into a first printing piston 13 and a plurality of second printing pistons 14 smaller in size than the first printing piston. The second feeding cylinder and the second forming cylinder can be seen in fig. 9.
As shown in fig. 4, 6 to 8, the first feeding cylinder and the first forming cylinder are respectively connected with the first nesting plate and are fixed in parallel at the lower layer through the first nesting plate, wherein the first feeding cylinder and the first forming cylinder are connected with the first nesting plate in a threaded manner. The first feeding piston is detachably mounted in the first feeding cylinder and performs lifting and descending motions in the first feeding cylinder, and the first printing piston is detachably mounted in the first forming cylinder and performs lifting and descending motions in the first forming cylinder.
The plurality of second feeding cylinders and the plurality of second forming cylinders are respectively embedded in the second embedded plate and connected with the second embedded plate, and particularly, the second feeding cylinders and the second forming cylinders are respectively embedded in corresponding holes of the second embedded plate, are positioned by positioning pins and are fixed in a threaded connection mode, so that the second feeding cylinders are distributed above the first feeding piston. And a second feeding platform is arranged on the upper surface of the second feeding piston. The second feeding piston is detachably arranged in a second feeding cylinder which needs to be used, is connected with the first feeding piston, and is driven by the first feeding piston to do lifting and descending motion in the second feeding cylinder.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the second nesting plate of the present embodiment has a left portion which is a feeding area and a right portion which is a printing area, each having nine holes, and nine second feeding cylinders and nine second forming cylinders which are respectively installed in the corresponding holes, so that the two areas form a form of a squared figure.
As shown in fig. 6 to 8, the upper surface of the first feeding piston is provided with a connecting rod 15 connected with the second feeding piston, the upper surface of the first printing piston is provided with a connecting rod 15 connected with the second printing piston, the connecting rod can be a part of the second feeding piston and the second printing piston, the connecting rod is integrated with the pistons, or a separately processed part, and the connecting rod is positioned on the connected pistons through cylindrical pins and is fixed on the pistons through screws.
In order to prevent the metal powder from spilling and leaking from the clearance between the cylinder body and the feeding piston, a plurality of sets of sealing rings 20 are sleeved on the peripheries of the first feeding piston, the first printing piston, the second feeding piston and the second printing piston. In order to prevent unnecessary wear of the metal powder falling into the forming or feed cylinder, each of the second feed cylinders which are not required and each of the second forming cylinders which are not required is covered with a corresponding one of the cylinder covers 21. As shown in fig. 4 and 6 to 8, in this embodiment, only four second feeding cylinders and four second forming cylinders are used, and the remaining five second feeding cylinders and five second forming cylinders cover the cylinder head.
Here, the apparatus is provided with two electric cylinders 22 for effecting the raising and lowering movements of the first printing piston and the first feeding piston. The two electric cylinders are respectively positioned below the first feeding cylinder and the first forming cylinder, one end of the electric cylinder below the first feeding cylinder extends out of the telescopic push rod 22-1 to be connected with the first feeding piston, the push rod drives the first feeding piston to do lifting and descending motion, and the other end of the electric cylinder penetrates through the first feeding cylinder and is positioned below the first feeding cylinder.
One end of the electric cylinder below the first forming cylinder extends out of the telescopic push rod 22-1 to be connected with the first printing piston, the push rod drives the first printing piston to move up and down, and the other end of the electric cylinder penetrates through the first forming cylinder and is located below the first forming cylinder.
The second forming cylinder is distributed above the first printing piston, a second printing platform is mounted on the upper surface of the second printing piston, the second printing piston is detachably mounted in the second forming cylinder to be used and is connected with the first printing piston, the first printing piston drives the second forming cylinder to move up and down, and metal powder is placed on the second feeding platform during printing.
The moving platform 2 is installed on the installation plate, such as the first nesting plate in this embodiment, the scraper 3 is connected to the moving platform, and the moving platform drives the second feeding platform to move to the second printing platform, so that the metal powder is spread on the second printing platform. For each layer printed, the doctor blade needs to be moved once from the second feeding station to the second printing station to complete the powder spreading and then returned to its original position.
(2) When the device adopts a single-cylinder mode, as shown in fig. 3, the device only adopts the first nesting plate as the mounting plate, only adopts the first feeding cylinder as the feeding cylinder, the first forming cylinder as the forming cylinder, the first feeding piston as the feeding piston, and the first printing piston as the printing piston (if the second nesting plate is installed originally, the second nesting plate, the second feeding cylinder and the second forming cylinder thereon can be detached integrally, and the second feeding piston and the second forming piston can be detached from the first feeding piston and the first printing piston respectively). Like the cylinder-separating mode, the first printing piston and the first feeding piston both realize the lifting and the descending motion through the electric cylinder.
The upper surface of the first feeding piston is provided with a first feeding platform, the upper surface of the first printing piston is provided with a first printing platform, and metal powder is placed on the first feeding platform during printing. In order to prevent the metal powder from spilling and leaking from the gap between the cylinder body and the feeding piston, a plurality of sets of sealing rings 20 are sleeved on the peripheries of the first feeding piston and the first printing piston.
Here, the first printing platform/the second printing platform are fixed on the first printing piston/the second printing piston in a threaded manner, and the first feeding platform/the second feeding platform are fixed on the first feeding piston/the second feeding piston in a threaded manner. In actual installation, the platform can be positioned on the upper surface of the piston by the aid of the cylindrical pin and then fixed by the aid of the screws.
The movable platform is installed on the installation plate, the scraper is connected to the movable platform, and the movable platform drives the scraper to move from the first feeding platform to the first printing platform, so that the metal powder is paved on the first printing platform. For each layer printed, the blade needs to be moved from the first supply station to the first printing station once to complete the laying down and then back to its original position.
In any printing mode, an optical device is mounted on the base frame, and the optical device is used for providing laser for melting and sintering metal powder to the printing platform coated with the metal powder. In the present embodiment, the optical device includes a fiber module 5, a laser generator 6, and a laser scanning galvanometer 4. The laser scanning galvanometer is installed on the top plate, the laser generator is installed on the bottom plate, the optical fiber module is installed on the top plate or the bottom plate, the laser generator is connected with the optical fiber module through an optical fiber cable, and the optical fiber module is connected with the laser scanning galvanometer through the optical fiber cable. The laser generator generates laser, and the optical fiber module guides the laser into the laser scanning galvanometer, so that the laser scanning galvanometer can be used for controlling the deflection of the laser, and selective laser melting is realized according to the path of a slice file.
In addition, in order to install the electric cylinders more stably, the bottom parts of the first feeding cylinder and the first forming cylinder are respectively provided with a supporting plate 1-5 in a threaded connection mode, the two electric cylinders are respectively installed and fixed below the corresponding supporting plates, and push rods of the electric cylinders further penetrate upwards through the supporting plates and are connected with the first feeding piston/the first printing piston. And guide posts 23 are arranged between the support plate and the first feeding piston and between the support plate and the first printing piston for guiding and positioning, one end of each guide post is connected with the support plate, the other end of each guide post is connected with the first feeding piston/the first printing piston, and the guide posts can play a role in guiding and moving when the electric cylinder push rod drives the first feeding piston or the first printing piston to move up and down.
The device is also provided with a collecting funnel 24 and a waste collecting box 26, wherein the collecting funnel is specifically arranged on the first nested plate and positioned at one end of the moving platform, and the moving direction of the scraper is towards the collecting funnel, that is, the collecting funnel is arranged at the tail end formed by spreading materials of the scraper, so that when the metal powder layer is spread, redundant metal powder on the first printing platform or the second printing platform can be scraped to the collecting funnel for collection.
The waste collecting box is arranged on the lower layer and is positioned on the bottom plate, and the waste collecting box is communicated with the collecting hopper through a hose 25, so that redundant metal powder generated by different times of printing is collected together, and the waste collecting box is convenient to recycle.
In this embodiment, the mobile platform may be a linear module, and the sealing ring may be a rubber sealing ring. The electric cylinder, the moving platform and the optical device are all connected to an upper computer, the upper computer can read a slicing file of the part to be printed, and the working states of the electric cylinder, the moving platform and the optical device are controlled according to the slicing file, so that the printed part corresponding to the slicing file can be obtained.
In summary, for the device of the embodiment, when the single cylinder mode is selected for printing, a large feeding platform and a large printing platform are adopted, wherein one large feeding piston is responsible for pushing and feeding the metal powder, and one large printing piston is responsible for printing, which is a conventional printing mode. When the cylinder-splitting mode is selected for printing, a plurality of small feeding platforms and a plurality of small printing platforms are adopted, the large feeding platform is divided into the small feeding platforms, the large printing platform is divided into the small printing platforms, compared with a conventional printing mode, the cylinder-splitting mode realizes the partition flexible adjustment of the consumption of printing materials, a small feeding piston can be correspondingly installed in a plurality of small feeding cylinders needing to be used, a small printing piston is correspondingly installed in a plurality of small printing cylinders needing to be used, the small feeding pistons are responsible for pushing and supplying metal powder, and the small printing pistons are responsible for printing. Therefore, the device can realize printing in a conventional mode and flexible partition mode, and can freely switch between the two printing modes, so that multiple purposes can be realized, and large-size parts and/or small-size parts can be printed according to actual needs.
The embodiment also discloses a partitioned laser selective melting method for the precious metal, which is applied to the partitioned laser selective melting device for the precious metal and can realize single-cylinder mode and cylinder-partitioned mode printing.
As shown in fig. 10, when the printing mode is the single cylinder mode, the first feeding platform is first installed on the upper surface of the first feeding piston, the first printing platform is installed on the upper surface of the first printing piston, and the first feeding piston and the first printing piston are both surrounded by the sealing ring. The first feeding cylinder and the first forming cylinder are then connected to the first nest plate, the first feeding piston is mounted in the first feeding cylinder and connected to the electric cylinder, the second feeding piston is intended to take care of the push feed of the metal powder, and the first printing piston is mounted in the first forming cylinder and connected to the electric cylinder. The collection funnel is mounted on the first nesting plate and is communicated with the waste collection box through a hose, and the scraper is connected to the mobile platform. Printing can then be performed, the steps being as follows:
and S1, importing the slice file of the part to be printed into the upper computer.
S2, selecting the printing mode of the device in the upper computer to be a single-cylinder mode, arranging the parts to be printed in the slice file according to the selected printing mode, the number and the size of the parts to be printed, and setting the forming parameters of laser printing, wherein the forming parameters comprise the printing layer thickness, the printing layer number, the laser speed of an optical device and the like.
The arrangement is that the parts to be printed can be multiple, and the parts can be conveniently printed on the first printing platform at one time by adjusting the relative positions of the printed parts on the first printing platform, so that the maximization of the printing efficiency and the printing quality is realized.
Steps S1 to S2 may be performed before the device is ready for assembly.
S3, starting and issuing control instructions to the mobile platform, the electric cylinder and the optical device by using the upper computer, and starting printing:
the electric cylinder firstly controls the first feeding piston to move downwards, and after the metal powder is poured into the first feeding platform, the electric cylinder pushes the first feeding piston to move upwards;
the moving platform adjusts the initial position of the scraper firstly, when the upper surface of the metal powder in the first feeding platform and the first printing platform are flush with the first nesting plate, the moving platform controls the scraper to move towards the first printing platform, and the scraper moves from the first feeding platform to the first printing platform to uniformly spread the metal powder on the first printing platform; the scraper scrapes redundant metal powder to the position of the collecting funnel, and the mobile platform controls the scraper to reset after the collecting funnel collects the redundant metal powder to the waste collection box;
the optical device emits laser to melt and sinter the metal powder according to the path planning of the slicing file, and the sintering is completed, so that a printing cycle is finished to form a printing layer;
and S4, the device continues to print the next layer according to the step S3, and the next layer is overlapped layer by layer until the preset number of printing layers is reached.
As shown in fig. 11, when the printing mode is switched to the cylinder-divided mode, the second feeding platform is first mounted on the upper surface of the second feeding piston, the second printing platform is mounted on the upper surface of the second printing piston, and a sealing ring is surrounded by each second feeding piston and each second printing piston. And embedding and connecting the plurality of second feeding cylinders and the plurality of second forming cylinders to the second embedded plate, and connecting the second embedded plate to the first embedded plate, so that the second feeding cylinders are distributed above the first feeding piston and the second forming cylinders are distributed above the first printing piston. And according to the arrangement of the parts in the step S2, installing a second printing piston in the second forming cylinder at the corresponding position and connecting the first printing piston, and then installing a second feeding piston in the second feeding cylinder at the corresponding position and connecting the first feeding piston according to the number and position of the second printing piston, wherein the second feeding piston is used for pushing and feeding the metal powder. And covering a second feeding cylinder and a second forming cylinder which are not required to be used with cylinder covers respectively, installing a collecting funnel on the first nesting plate, communicating the collecting funnel with a waste collecting box through a hose, and connecting a scraper to the moving platform. Printing can then be performed, the steps being as follows:
and S1, importing the slice file of the part to be printed into an upper computer.
S2, selecting the printing mode of the device in the upper computer to be a cylinder-separating mode, arranging the parts to be printed in the slice file according to the number and the size of the parts to be printed, and setting the forming parameters of laser printing, wherein the forming parameters comprise the printing layer thickness, the printing layer number, the laser speed of the optical device and the like.
Here, the arrangement is that the parts to be printed may be many, and need to be arranged on different second printing platforms according to the size and the number of the parts.
Steps S1 to S2 may be performed before the device is ready for assembly.
S3, starting and issuing a control command to the mobile platform, the electric cylinder and the optical device by using the upper computer, and starting printing:
the electric cylinder firstly controls the first feeding piston to move downwards so as to enable the second feeding piston to move downwards along with the first feeding piston, and after the metal powder is poured into the second feeding platform, the electric cylinder pushes the first feeding piston to move upwards so as to enable the second feeding piston to move upwards along with the first feeding piston;
the moving platform adjusts the initial position of the scraper, when the upper surface of the metal powder in the second feeding platform and the second printing platform are flush with the second nesting plate, the moving platform controls the scraper to move towards the second printing platform, and the scraper moves from the second feeding platform to the second printing platform to uniformly cover the metal powder on the second printing platform; the scraper scrapes redundant metal powder to the position of the collecting funnel, and the movable platform controls the scraper to reset after the collecting funnel collects the redundant metal powder to the waste collecting box;
the optical device emits laser to melt and sinter the metal powder according to the path planning of the slicing file, and the sintering is completed, so that a printing cycle is finished to form a printing layer;
and S4, the device continues to print the next layer according to the step S3, and the layers are overlapped until the preset number of printing layers is reached.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such modifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A zoned laser selective melting apparatus for precious metals, the apparatus comprising: the device comprises a base frame, a feeding cylinder, a feeding piston, a forming cylinder, a printing piston, a moving platform, a scraper and an optical device, wherein the base frame is provided with an installation plate for dividing the base frame into an upper layer and a lower layer;
the printing mode of the device comprises a cylinder separating mode and a single cylinder mode, wherein when the device adopts the cylinder separating mode, the mounting plate consists of a second nesting plate and a first nesting plate which is arranged outside the second nesting plate in a surrounding mode, and the second nesting plate is detachably connected with the first nesting plate; the feeding cylinder is divided into a first feeding cylinder and a plurality of second feeding cylinders smaller than the first feeding cylinder in size, the feeding piston is divided into a first feeding piston and a plurality of second feeding pistons, the forming cylinder is divided into a first forming cylinder and a plurality of second forming cylinders smaller than the first forming cylinder in size, and the printing piston is divided into a first printing piston and a plurality of second printing pistons;
the first feeding cylinder and the first forming cylinder are respectively connected with the first nesting plate and are fixed at the lower layer in parallel through the first nesting plate, the first feeding piston is detachably arranged in the first feeding cylinder and does lifting motion in the first feeding cylinder, and the first printing piston is detachably arranged in the first forming cylinder and does lifting motion in the first forming cylinder;
the plurality of second feeding cylinders and the plurality of second forming cylinders are respectively embedded in the second embedded plate and connected with the second embedded plate, and the second feeding cylinders are distributed above the first feeding piston; the upper surface of the second feeding piston is provided with a second feeding platform for placing metal powder, the second feeding piston is detachably arranged in a second feeding cylinder required to be used, is connected with the first feeding piston and is driven by the first feeding piston to move up and down in the second feeding cylinder; the second forming cylinder is distributed above the first printing piston, a second printing platform is arranged on the upper surface of the second printing piston, the second printing piston is detachably arranged in the second forming cylinder to be used and is connected with the first printing piston, and the first printing piston drives the second forming cylinder to move up and down;
when the device adopts a single-cylinder mode, the device only adopts the first nesting plate, the first feeding cylinder, the first forming cylinder, the first feeding piston and the first printing piston; a first feeding platform for placing metal powder is arranged on the upper surface of the first feeding piston, and a first printing platform is arranged on the upper surface of the first printing piston;
the scraper is connected to the moving platform, the moving platform controls the height of the scraper and drives the scraper to move from the first feeding platform to the first printing platform in a single-cylinder mode, so that the metal powder is paved on the first printing platform, or the moving platform controls the height of the scraper and drives the scraper to move from the second feeding platform to the second printing platform in a cylinder-separating mode, so that the metal powder is paved on the second printing platform;
the optical device is arranged on the base frame and used for supplying laser for melting and sintering metal powder to the first printing platform or the second printing platform coated with the metal powder;
when the printing mode is the cylinder separating mode, the upper surface of the first feeding piston is provided with a connecting rod, the first feeding piston is connected with the second feeding piston through the connecting rod, the upper surface of the first printing piston is provided with a connecting rod, and the first printing piston is connected with the second printing piston through the connecting rod;
each second feeding cylinder which does not need to be used and each second forming cylinder which does not need to be used are covered with a corresponding cylinder cover;
the left part of the second nesting plate is a feeding area, the right part of the second nesting plate is a printing area and is provided with a plurality of holes, and the plurality of second feeding cylinders and the plurality of second forming cylinders are respectively installed in the corresponding holes, so that the two areas form a style of a squared figure.
2. The laser selective melting apparatus for precious metal-faced zoning according to claim 1, further comprising a collection funnel and a scrap collection box, wherein the collection funnel is mounted on the first nest plate with the scraper moving in a direction toward the collection funnel; the waste collecting box is arranged on the lower layer and communicated with the collecting funnel through a hose.
3. The laser selective melting device facing the precious metal partition is characterized in that electric cylinders are arranged below the first feeding cylinder and below the first forming cylinder, one end of each electric cylinder below the first feeding cylinder is connected with a first feeding piston through a telescopic push rod of the electric cylinder, the first feeding piston is driven by the push rod to move up and down, and the other end of each electric cylinder penetrates through the first feeding cylinder and is positioned below the first feeding cylinder;
one end of the electric cylinder below the first forming cylinder is connected with the first printing piston through a telescopic push rod, the push rod drives the first printing piston to move up and down, and the other end of the electric cylinder penetrates through the first forming cylinder and is located below the first forming cylinder.
4. The laser selective melting device facing the precious metal partition is characterized in that supporting plates are further mounted at the bottoms of the first feeding cylinder and the first forming cylinder, the two electric cylinders are respectively fixedly mounted below the corresponding supporting plates, push rods of the electric cylinders penetrate upwards through the supporting plates and are connected with the first feeding piston or the first printing piston, guide columns are further respectively mounted between the supporting plates and the first feeding piston and between the supporting plates and the first printing piston, one ends of the guide columns are connected with the supporting plates, and the other ends of the guide columns are connected with the first feeding piston or the first printing piston.
5. The device for selective laser melting of precious metal-oriented partitions according to claim 3, wherein the electric cylinder, the moving platform and the optical device are all connected to an upper computer, and the working state of the device is controlled by the upper computer.
6. The zone-selective laser melting device for precious metals according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of sets of sealing rings are sleeved on the peripheries of the first feeding piston, the first printing piston, the second feeding piston and the second printing piston.
7. The laser selective melting device facing precious metal according to claim 1, wherein the optical device comprises a fiber module, a laser generator and a laser scanning galvanometer, wherein the laser scanning galvanometer is mounted on an upper layer, the laser generator is mounted on a lower layer, the fiber module is mounted on the upper layer or the lower layer, the laser generator is connected with the fiber module through a cable, and the fiber module is connected with the laser scanning galvanometer through a cable.
8. A precious metal-oriented zoned laser selective melting method is applied to the precious metal-oriented zoned laser selective melting device of any one of claims 1 to 7, and comprises the following steps:
s1, importing the slice file of the part to be printed into an upper computer;
s2, selecting a printing mode of the device in the upper computer, arranging parts to be printed in the slice file according to the selected printing mode, the number and the size of the parts to be printed, and setting forming parameters of laser printing, wherein the forming parameters comprise the printing layer thickness, the printing layer number and the laser speed of an optical device;
s3, starting and issuing control instructions to the mobile platform, the electric cylinder and the optical device by using the upper computer to start printing;
when the printing mode is the single-cylinder mode: the electric cylinder firstly controls the first feeding piston to move downwards, and after the metal powder is poured into the first feeding platform, the electric cylinder pushes the first feeding piston to move upwards; the moving platform adjusts the initial position of the scraper firstly, when the upper surface of the metal powder in the first feeding platform and the first printing platform are flush with the first nesting plate, the moving platform controls the scraper to move towards the first printing platform, and the scraper moves from the first feeding platform to the first printing platform to uniformly spread the metal powder on the first printing platform; the optical device emits laser to melt and sinter the metal powder according to the path planning of the slicing file, and the moving platform controls the scraper to reset after the sintering is finished, so that a printing cycle is finished to form a printing layer;
when the printing mode is the cylinder separating mode: the electric cylinder controls the first feeding piston to move downwards to enable the second feeding piston to move downwards, and after metal powder is poured into the second feeding platform, the electric cylinder pushes the first feeding piston to move upwards to enable the second feeding piston to move upwards; the moving platform adjusts the initial position of the scraper, when the upper surface of the metal powder in the second feeding platform and the second printing platform are flush with the second nesting plate, the moving platform controls the scraper to move towards the second printing platform, and the scraper moves from the second feeding platform to the second printing platform to uniformly lay the metal powder on the second printing platform; the optical device emits laser to melt and sinter the metal powder according to the path planning of the slicing file, and the moving platform controls the scraper to reset after the sintering is finished, so that a printing cycle is finished to form a printing layer;
s4, the device continues printing the next layer according to the step S3 until reaching the preset number of printing layers.
9. The precious metal-oriented zonable laser selective melting method of claim 8, further comprising: mounting the collection funnel on the first nesting plate and communicating the collection funnel with the waste collection bin via a hose prior to step S3; covering a cylinder cover on a second feeding cylinder and a second forming cylinder which are not needed to be used respectively, and enclosing a plurality of sets of sealing rings on the first feeding piston, the first printing piston, each second feeding piston and each second printing piston;
step S4 further includes: when the scraper evenly spreads metal powder on second print platform, the scraper still scrapes unnecessary metal powder to the position of collecting the funnel, collects unnecessary metal powder to garbage collection box with the collecting funnel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110158470.0A CN112974857B (en) | 2021-02-05 | 2021-02-05 | Precious metal-oriented zoning-type selective laser melting device and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110158470.0A CN112974857B (en) | 2021-02-05 | 2021-02-05 | Precious metal-oriented zoning-type selective laser melting device and method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112974857A CN112974857A (en) | 2021-06-18 |
| CN112974857B true CN112974857B (en) | 2022-07-26 |
Family
ID=76347324
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110158470.0A Active CN112974857B (en) | 2021-02-05 | 2021-02-05 | Precious metal-oriented zoning-type selective laser melting device and method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112974857B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115255389A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-11-01 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Novel bottom plate of SLM type 3D printer |
| CN116100045A (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2023-05-12 | 湖南华曙高科技股份有限公司 | Intelligent forming cylinder, control method and device of intelligent forming cylinder |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107159890A (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2017-09-15 | 华东理工大学 | A kind of working cylinder and table top changing method of variable table top scope |
| CN107262717B (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2019-08-06 | 重庆大学 | Subregion is gone up and down into form selective laser melting workbench |
| CN108481740A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-09-04 | 安徽隆源成型科技有限公司 | A kind of simple selective laser sintering rapid forming machine |
| WO2020099732A1 (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2020-05-22 | Gmp Ingenierie | Removable adaptive additive manufacturing platform for equipment for metal additive manufacture by laser fusion |
| CN209664294U (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-11-22 | 上海汉邦联航激光科技有限公司 | The scaled-down version forming frock of 3D printer |
| CN109986783B (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2021-04-06 | 中国工程物理研究院机械制造工艺研究所 | Trace feeding and forming device and method for embedding of selective melting additive manufacturing equipment |
-
2021
- 2021-02-05 CN CN202110158470.0A patent/CN112974857B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112974857A (en) | 2021-06-18 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN112974857B (en) | Precious metal-oriented zoning-type selective laser melting device and method | |
| CN104668563B (en) | A kind of high energy beam increasing material manufacturing method and apparatus with high powder stock utilization rate | |
| CN202448496U (en) | Piezoelectric three-dimensional printing shaping system | |
| CN202291409U (en) | Selective laser melting rapid molding equipment for directly fabricating large-sized parts | |
| EP2274153B1 (en) | System and method for three dimensional model printing | |
| CN103962557B (en) | A kind of separable constituency quickly shaping device | |
| CN108687347B (en) | SLM3D printer | |
| US20170304897A1 (en) | Machine and method for powder-based additive manufacturing | |
| CN107159890A (en) | A kind of working cylinder and table top changing method of variable table top scope | |
| CN107599383B (en) | Laser selective melting/sintering binary powder laying system | |
| CN111267344B (en) | Multi-partition array type selective melting manufacturing equipment and process | |
| CN203843168U (en) | Equipment for high-energy-beam additive manufacturing large-size metal parts | |
| CN1123011A (en) | Method and device for producing three-dimensional bodies | |
| CN104827664A (en) | 3D printer | |
| KR20140061432A (en) | Device for constructing models in layers | |
| CN104923788A (en) | Single-cylinder type desktop type laser area selecting fusion forming device and control method | |
| CN106111985A (en) | Group scan laser selective sintering or curing and 3D forming machine thereof | |
| CN108068322A (en) | Divide the device of the operating room of 3D printer | |
| CN111069597A (en) | Single-scraper bidirectional powder paving device, additive manufacturing equipment and powder paving method | |
| CN110641016A (en) | Three-dimensional powder forming device and method | |
| CN113290846B (en) | DLP and FDM-based composite multi-material additive manufacturing device and method | |
| CN204712462U (en) | A kind of 3D printer | |
| CN110434983B (en) | Hydraulic brick making machine and brick making method | |
| CN207724853U (en) | A kind of hot spot automatic adjusting mechanism and SLA light-cured resin printers | |
| CN214000580U (en) | Powder bed type 3D printer and powder paving device thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |