CN112973827A - Small-size simple and easy paddy field soil box test bench - Google Patents
Small-size simple and easy paddy field soil box test bench Download PDFInfo
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- CN112973827A CN112973827A CN202110546501.XA CN202110546501A CN112973827A CN 112973827 A CN112973827 A CN 112973827A CN 202110546501 A CN202110546501 A CN 202110546501A CN 112973827 A CN112973827 A CN 112973827A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 271
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012345 traction test Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L9/00—Supporting devices; Holding devices
- B01L9/02—Laboratory benches or tables; Fittings therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0028—Force sensors associated with force applying means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
- G01N33/246—Earth materials for water content
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
- G01P3/36—Devices characterised by the use of optical means, e.g. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
Abstract
The invention discloses a soil box test bed, and relates to a small simple paddy field soil box test bed. The soil tank test bed comprises a frame, a soil tank, a test vehicle, a soil preparation system, a control system and a data acquisition system. The soil tank test bed can be used for testing the interaction force of the soil contact part and the paddy field soil on various agricultural machinery soil contact parts of different types, has high automation degree, simple structure and reliable scheme, and effectively connects all devices together, so that the data acquisition of the soil contact part-paddy field soil interaction force test is more convenient and accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and relates to a small simple paddy field soil box test bed.
Background
With the continuous improvement of the specialization degree of modern agricultural machinery, the types of soil contact parts are continuously increased, but the problems of large resistance, high energy consumption, serious adhesion and abrasion, unmatched operation effect and agricultural requirements and the like generally exist in the actual operation process. The soil contact component is restricted by various conditions such as time, weather and the like in a field test, meanwhile, the contrast of the field test is poor, and the precision and the accuracy of the obtained data are insufficient. The existing soil tank test bed has the defects of labor and time waste due to the fact that soil is manually prepared, and the difference of soil parameters is large when repeated tests are carried out.
Therefore, a small simple paddy field soil tank test bed which has high automation degree and reliable scheme and is suitable for testing the interaction force of the soil contact part and the paddy field soil needs to be designed. The soil tank test bed not only provides an experimental field which is not influenced by seasons and climate for various soil contact components, but also creates conditions for scientific research of the soil contact components requiring strict experimental conditions. Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a small simple paddy field soil box test bed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a small simple paddy field soil tank test bed which is convenient to test and can test acting force of various different soil contact parts in paddy field soil.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a small simple paddy field soil tank test bed is characterized by comprising a rack, a soil tank, a test vehicle, a soil preparation system, a control system and a data acquisition system, wherein the rack comprises a bracket, a linear guide rail arranged on the upper surface of the bracket and a linear rack arranged on the side surface of the bracket; the test vehicle comprises a test vehicle bracket, a test device and a traction device, wherein the test vehicle bracket moves along with the linear sliding block; the soil preparation system comprises a soil preparation system bracket, a power device and a soil preparation device, wherein the soil preparation system bracket moves along with the linear sliding block; the control system comprises an electric cabinet and a limiting device; the data acquisition system comprises a laser speed measurement sensor, a pressure sensor, a tension sensor and a multilayer soil moisture sensor.
The soil tank is made into an uncovered cuboid with the length, width and height of 1.6m multiplied by 0.5m multiplied by 0.6m by a thickened PVC composite material; a support frame is arranged around the uncovered cuboid to ensure the stability of the uncovered cuboid; soil used for tests is filled in the soil tank; soil box and frame non-contact avoid the frame because of receiving the deformation of soil effort, can effectively improve soil box test bench stability.
Preferably, the bracket is fixedly connected by a section bar through an angle aluminum and an L-shaped connecting plate; the linear guide rail arranged on the upper surface of the bracket plays a role in guiding the bracket of the test vehicle and the bracket of the soil preparation system; the right end of the linear guide rail extends out of the soil tank by a certain length to form an expanded linear guide rail; the extended linear guide rail is used as a placing platform for placing a soil preparation system after soil preparation is completed, so that the purposes of improving the length utilization rate of the soil tank and keeping away from paddy field soil for rust prevention are achieved.
Preferably, the test vehicle bracket is fixed on the linear sliding block; the testing device comprises a ball screw sliding table I, a cam pressing mechanism, a soil contacting part and a lead block; the ball screw sliding table I is fixed on the test vehicle bracket; the soil contact part is fixed on a sliding block of the first ball screw sliding table through a cam pressing mechanism; the first ball screw sliding table is lifted through the sliding block to change the depth of the soil contact part inserted into the soil; the lead block is placed on a test vehicle bracket and used for increasing the overall quality of the test vehicle, so that the stability of the test vehicle in the test process is improved.
Preferably, the cam pressing mechanism comprises a cam handle, a screw rod, a concave block and a movable block; the cam handle is arranged on the upper end face of the movable block through a screw rod; the movable block is embedded into the concave block and is pressed tightly by the cam handle; the cam pressing mechanism can quickly fix the soil contact part on the ball screw sliding table I, and is convenient to disassemble, so that the purpose of quickly replacing the soil contact part is achieved.
Preferably, the soil contacting component can be a bionic wheel leg, a furrow opener, a hilling shovel, a subsoiler and the like.
Preferably, the traction device comprises a traction power source, a traction power source fixing plate, a winding drum, a steel wire rope, a fixed pulley block and a steel wire rope connecting plate; the traction power source is fixed on the bracket through the traction power source fixing plate; one end of the steel wire rope is fixed on a traction power source through a winding drum, and the other end of the steel wire rope passes through a fixed pulley block and then is connected with a steel wire rope connecting plate fixed on the surface of one side of the ball screw sliding table; the traction power source pulls the test vehicle to move through the steel wire rope, and the movement speed and the movement direction of the test vehicle can be changed by controlling the traction power source; the fixed pulley block is used for adjusting the motion direction of the steel wire rope to be the horizontal direction.
Preferably, the soil preparation system bracket is fixed on the linear sliding block; the power device comprises a first driving motor, a second driving motor, a boss gear and a motor bracket; the first driving motor and the second driving motor are fixed on the soil preparation system bracket through the motor bracket; the two boss gears are respectively arranged on the first driving motor and the second driving motor, are meshed with the linear racks fixed on the side surfaces of the bracket, and are meshed with the gear racks to drive the soil preparation system to move; the first driving motor and the second driving motor are used for controlling the advancing movement speed of the soil preparation system when the soil preparation system prepares soil.
Preferably, the soil preparation device comprises a ball screw sliding table II, a ball screw sliding table III, a soil stirrer fixing table and a soil scraping plate; the ball screw sliding table II and the ball screw sliding table III are respectively fixed on the soil preparation system bracket; the left end of the soil mixer fixing table is fixed on the sliding block of the ball screw sliding table II, and the right end of the soil mixer fixing table is fixed on the sliding block of the ball screw sliding table III; the soil stirrer comprises a soil stirrer power source I, a soil stirrer power source II, a soil stirring rod and a coupler; the two soil stirring rods are respectively arranged on the first soil stirrer power source and the second soil stirrer power source through a coupler, and the types of the soil stirring rods can be selected according to the soil moisture content so as to ensure that the soil is fully stirred; the soil stirring device is fixed on the soil stirring device fixing table, and the soil stirring device fixing table is controlled to lift through the ball screw sliding table II and the ball screw sliding table III, so that the purpose of uniform soil stirring depth in the repeated test is achieved.
Preferably, the front scraper and the rear scraper are respectively arranged on the front end surface and the rear end surface of the support of the soil preparation system, and the distance between the scrapers and the soil surface is adjustable; when soil preparation is started, the front scraping plate is not used, the rear scraping plate is used, and the rear scraping plate moves forwards along with the soil preparation system support to carry out first soil surface leveling work; and when the soil preparation is completed, the rear scraping plate is stopped, the front scraping plate is started, and the front scraping plate moves backwards along with the soil preparation system support to carry out secondary soil surface leveling work.
Preferably, the limiting device comprises a first limiting sensor, a first speed measuring reflecting plate, a second limiting sensor, a second limiting reflecting plate, a third limiting sensor and a third limiting reflecting plate; the first limit sensor is fixed on the test vehicle bracket; the second limit sensor and the third limit sensor are fixed on the soil preparation system bracket; the first speed measurement reflecting plate and the third limit reflecting plate are fixed on the bracket; the second limiting reflection plate is fixed on the test vehicle bracket; the first speed measurement reflecting plate, the second limit reflecting plate and the third limit reflecting plate are respectively positioned on the laser emission paths of the first limit sensor, the second limit sensor and the third limit sensor, and the plate surface is perpendicular to the laser emission direction to form a non-contact limit device; the limiting device can avoid collision between the support and the test vehicle or between the test vehicle and the soil preparation system in the test.
Preferably, the data acquisition system comprises a multilayer soil moisture sensor, a tension sensor, a laser speed measurement sensor and a pressure sensor; the multilayer soil moisture sensor is fixed on the inner wall of the right side of the soil tank; the multilayer soil moisture sensor is used for monitoring the soil moisture condition of each layer during repeated tests; two ends of the tension sensor are respectively fixed on the steel wire rope; the tension sensor is used for collecting tension when the steel wire rope traction test vehicle moves forwards, so that the horizontal resistance of the soil contact part in the soil during movement is indirectly measured; the laser speed measuring sensor is fixed on the test vehicle bracket; the laser speed measurement sensor is used for collecting the movement speed of the test vehicle; the pressure sensor is fixed on the lower end face of the soil contact component; the pressure sensor is used for acquiring the soil entering force of the soil contacting component vertically inserted into the soil during repeated tests.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the small simple paddy field soil tank test bed disclosed by the invention can test a plurality of performance parameters of different soil contact components working in soil of a paddy field in the soil tank during test, avoids the influence of factors such as environment, season, farming season and the like during field test, is also provided with a soil preparation system, provides convenience for soil preparation, and adopts corresponding isolation measures in the aspects of water resistance, rust resistance, integral maintenance and service life prolonging, and has the advantages of simple integral structure, small volume, convenience for test and high working efficiency.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is an overall structure view of a small simple paddy field soil box test bed of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a frame.
Fig. 3 is a test car.
Fig. 4 is a cam pressing mechanism.
FIG. 5 is a soil preparation system.
Fig. 6 is a scraper blade.
Description of reference numerals: 1-a frame; 2-test vehicle; 3-a soil preparation system; 4-a soil tank; 5, an electric cabinet; 6-a fixed pulley block; 7-a winding drum; 8-a traction power source; 9-a steel wire rope; 10-rack fixing plate; 11-linear guide rail fixing plate; 12-a linear guide; 13-limiting reflecting plate III; 14-a scaffold; 15-multilayer soil moisture sensors; 16-linear rack; 17-a tension sensor; 18-a first speed measurement reflector; 19-traction power source fixing plate; 20-ball screw sliding table I; 21-a cam hold down mechanism; 211-cam shank; 212-a screw rod; 213-a female block; 214-active block; 22-a first limit sensor; 23-a second limiting reflection plate; 24-laser speed measuring sensor; 25-linear slide block; 26-a pressure sensor; 27-a soil contacting component; 28-a wire rope connecting plate; 29-lead block; 30-test car support; 31-driving a first motor; 32-motor bracket fixing plate; 33-a ball screw sliding table II; 34-a soil stirrer power source I; 35-a soil stirrer power source II; 36-ball screw sliding table III; 37-limit sensor three; 38-driving motor two; 39-motor support; 40-boss gear; 41-a second limit sensor; 42-soil stirring rods; 43-a coupling; 44-a soil mixer fixing table; 45-soil preparation system support; 46-scraper bar.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a small simple paddy field soil tank test bed which is convenient to test and can test acting force of various different soil contact components in paddy field soil.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
As shown in figure 1, the embodiment provides a small simple paddy field soil box test bed, and a plurality of performance parameters of different soil contact parts working in soil of a paddy field can be tested during the test, so that necessary theoretical basis can be provided for the design of soil contact parts of agricultural machinery.
The soil tank test bed for detecting the soil contact component-paddy field soil acting force comprises a frame 1, a test vehicle 2, a soil preparation system 3, a soil tank 4, a control system and a data acquisition system.
The soil tank 4 is made into an uncovered cuboid with the length, width and height of 1.6m multiplied by 0.5m multiplied by 0.6m by a thickened PVC composite material; a support frame is arranged around the uncovered cuboid to ensure the stability of the uncovered cuboid; soil used for tests is filled in the soil tank 4; soil box 4 and frame 1 non-contact avoid frame 1 to warp because of receiving the soil effort, can effectively improve soil box test bench stability.
The rack 1 comprises a bracket 14, a rack fixing plate 10, a linear guide rail fixing plate 11, a linear guide rail 12, a linear rack 16, a traction power source fixing plate 19 and a linear slider 25; the left and right linear racks 16 are respectively fixed on the side surfaces of the bracket 14 through the rack fixing plate 10; a traction power source fixing plate 19 is fixed on the bracket 14; the left and right linear guide rails 12 are respectively arranged on the upper surface of the bracket 14 through linear guide rail fixing plates 11; the linear slide block 25 is arranged on the linear guide rail 12; the linear guide 12 mounted on the upper surface of the support 14 guides the test car support 30 and the soil preparation system support 45.
The test vehicle 2 comprises a test vehicle bracket 30, a test device and a traction device; the test device comprises a ball screw sliding table I20, a cam pressing mechanism 21, a soil contact part 27 and a lead block 29; the traction device comprises a traction power source 8, a winding drum 7, a steel wire rope 9, a steel wire rope connecting plate 28 and a fixed pulley block 6; the test vehicle bracket 30 is fixed on the linear slide block 25; the winding drum 7 is arranged on a traction power source 8; the traction power source 8 is fixed on the traction power source fixing plate 19; one end of a steel wire rope 9 is fixed on the winding drum 7, and the other end of the steel wire rope passes through the fixed pulley block and then is fixed on a steel wire rope connecting plate 28 on the side surface of the ball screw electric sliding table one 20; the soil contacting component 27 is arranged on the cam pressing mechanism 21; the cam pressing mechanism 21 is fixed on a sliding block of the ball screw sliding table I20; the ball screw sliding table I20 is fixed on the test vehicle bracket 30; lead block 29 is placed on test car frame 30; the lead block 29 is used for increasing the overall quality of the test vehicle 2, so that the stability of the test vehicle 2 in the test process is improved; the ball screw sliding table I20 is lifted through the sliding block to change the depth of the soil contact part 27 inserted into the soil; the test vehicle 2 is dragged to move by the traction power source 8 through the steel wire rope 9, and the movement speed and the movement direction of the test vehicle 2 can be changed by controlling the traction power source 8; the fixed pulley block 6 is used for adjusting the movement direction of the steel wire rope 9 to be the horizontal direction.
The earth contacting component 27 may be a bionic wheel leg, a furrow opener, a hilling shovel, a subsoiler, etc.
The cam pressing mechanism 21 comprises a cam handle 211, a screw rod 212, a concave block 213 and a movable block 214, wherein the cam handle 211 is arranged on the upper end surface of the movable block 214 through the screw rod 212, and the movable block 214 is embedded into the concave block 213 and pressed by the cam handle 211; the cam pressing mechanism 21 can quickly fix the soil contact part 27 on the ball screw sliding table I20, and is convenient to disassemble, so that the purpose of quickly replacing the soil contact part 27 is achieved.
The soil preparation system 3 comprises a soil preparation system bracket 45, a power device and a soil preparation device; the power device comprises a first driving motor 31, a second driving motor 38, a motor bracket 39, a boss gear 40 and a motor bracket fixing plate 32; the soil preparation device comprises a ball screw sliding table II 33, a soil stirrer, a ball screw sliding table III 36, a soil stirrer fixing table 44 and a soil scraping plate 46; the soil mixer comprises a first soil mixer power source 34, a second soil mixer power source 35, a soil mixing rod 42 and a coupler 43; the soil preparation system bracket 45 is fixed on the linear slide block 25; the two boss gears 40 are respectively arranged on the first driving motor 31 and the second driving motor 38; the first driving motor 31 and the second driving motor 38 are respectively fixed on the left motor bracket 39 and the right motor bracket 39; the left motor bracket 39 and the right motor bracket 39 are respectively fixed on the soil preparation vehicle bracket 45 through the motor bracket fixing plate 32; the two stirring rods 42 are respectively arranged on the first soil stirrer power source 34 and the second soil stirrer power source 35 through the couplers 43; the first soil mixer power source 34 and the second soil mixer power source 35 are fixed on the soil mixer fixing table 44; the left end of the soil mixer fixing table 44 is fixed on the sliding block of the ball screw sliding table II 33, and the right end of the soil mixer fixing table is fixed on the sliding block of the ball screw sliding table III 36; the ball screw sliding table II 33 and the ball screw sliding table III 36 are respectively fixed on the soil preparation system bracket 45; the two scraping plates 46 are respectively arranged on the front end surface and the rear end surface of the soil preparation system bracket 45; the first driving motor 31 and the second driving motor 38 are used for controlling the advancing movement speed of the soil preparation system 3 during soil preparation; the type of the soil stirring rod 42 can be selected according to the water content of the soil so as to ensure that the soil is fully stirred; the soil stirrer is fixed on the soil stirrer fixing table 44, and the soil stirrer fixing table 44 is controlled to lift through the second ball screw sliding table 33 and the third ball screw sliding table 36, so that the purpose of uniform soil stirring depth in repeated tests is achieved; the scraper 46 is used to level the soil surface.
The control system comprises an electric cabinet 5 and a limiting device; the limiting device comprises a first limiting sensor 22, a first speed measuring reflecting plate 18, a second limiting sensor 41, a second limiting reflecting plate 23, a third limiting sensor 37 and a third limiting reflecting plate 13; the electric cabinet 5 is fixed on the traction power source fixing plate 19; the first limit sensor 22 is fixed on the test vehicle bracket 30; the second limit sensor 41 and the third limit sensor 37 are fixed on the support 45 of the soil preparation vehicle; the first speed measurement reflecting plate 18 and the third limit reflecting plate 13 are fixed on the support 14; the second limiting reflection plate 23 is fixed on the test vehicle bracket 30; the first speed measurement reflecting plate 18, the second limit reflecting plate 23 and the third limit reflecting plate 13 are respectively positioned on the laser emission paths of the first limit sensor 22, the second limit sensor 41 and the third limit sensor 37, and the plate surface is perpendicular to the laser emission direction to form a non-contact limit device; the limiting device can avoid collision between the support 14 and the test vehicle 2 or between the test vehicle 2 and the soil preparation system 3 in the test.
The data acquisition system comprises a multilayer soil moisture sensor 15, a tension sensor 17, a laser speed measurement sensor 24 and a pressure sensor 26; the multilayer soil moisture sensor 15 is fixed on the inner wall of the right side of the soil tank 4; two ends of the tension sensor 17 are fixed on the steel wire rope 9; the laser speed measuring sensor 24 is fixed on the test vehicle bracket 30; the pressure sensor 26 is fixed on the lower end surface of the soil contacting component 27; the multilayer soil moisture sensor 15 is used for monitoring the soil moisture condition of each layer during repeated tests; the tension sensor 17 is used for collecting the tension when the steel wire rope 9 pulls the test vehicle 2 to move forwards, so that the horizontal resistance of the soil contact part 27 in the soil is indirectly measured; the laser speed measuring sensor 24 is used for acquiring the movement speed of the test vehicle 2; the pressure sensor 26 is used for collecting the soil entering force of the soil contacting component 27 vertically inserted into the soil during repeated tests.
The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A small simple paddy field soil tank test bed is characterized by comprising a rack, a soil tank, a test vehicle, a soil preparation system, a control system and a data acquisition system, wherein the rack comprises a bracket, a linear guide rail arranged on the upper surface of the bracket and a linear rack arranged on the side surface of the bracket; the test vehicle comprises a test vehicle bracket, a test device and a traction device, wherein the test vehicle bracket moves along with the linear sliding block; the soil preparation system comprises a soil preparation system bracket, a power device and a soil preparation device, wherein the soil preparation system bracket moves along with the linear sliding block; the control system comprises an electric cabinet and a limiting device; the data acquisition system comprises a laser speed measurement sensor, a pressure sensor, a tension sensor and a multilayer soil moisture sensor.
2. The small simple paddy field soil box test bed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the soil box is made of thickened PVC composite material into a rectangular uncovered body with a length, width and height of 1.6m x 0.5m x 0.6 m; a support frame is arranged around the uncovered cuboid to ensure the stability of the uncovered cuboid; soil used for tests is filled in the soil tank; the soil tank is not in contact with the rack, so that the rack is prevented from deforming due to the action force of soil, and the stability of the soil tank test bed can be effectively improved;
the bracket is fixedly connected by a section bar through an angle aluminum and an L-shaped connecting plate; the linear guide rail arranged on the upper surface of the bracket plays a role in guiding the bracket of the test vehicle and the bracket of the soil preparation system; the right end of the linear guide rail extends out of the soil tank by a certain length to form an expanded linear guide rail; the extended linear guide rail is used as a placing platform for placing a soil preparation system after soil preparation is completed, so that the purposes of improving the length utilization rate of the soil tank and keeping away from paddy field soil for rust prevention are achieved.
3. The small simple paddy field soil box test bed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the test vehicle bracket is fixed on the linear slide block; the testing device comprises a ball screw sliding table I, a cam pressing mechanism, a soil contacting part and a lead block; the ball screw sliding table I is fixed on the test vehicle bracket; the soil contact part is fixed on a sliding block of the first ball screw sliding table through a cam pressing mechanism; the first ball screw sliding table is lifted through the sliding block to change the depth of the soil contact part inserted into the soil; the lead block is placed on a test vehicle bracket; the lead block is used for increasing the overall quality of the test vehicle, so that the stability of the test vehicle in the test process is improved;
the cam pressing mechanism comprises a cam handle, a screw rod, a concave block and a movable block; the cam handle is arranged on the upper end face of the movable block through a screw rod; the movable block is embedded into the concave block and is pressed tightly by the cam handle; the cam pressing mechanism can quickly fix the soil contact part on the ball screw sliding table I, and is convenient to disassemble, so that the purpose of quickly replacing the soil contact part is achieved.
4. The small simple paddy field soil box test bed as claimed in claim 3, wherein the soil touching parts can be bionic wheel legs, ditchers, hilling shovels, subsoilers and the like.
5. The small simple paddy field soil box test bed according to claim 1, wherein the traction device comprises a traction power source, a traction power source fixing plate, a winding drum, a steel wire rope, a fixed pulley block and a steel wire rope connecting plate; the traction power source is fixed on the bracket through the traction power source fixing plate; one end of the steel wire rope is fixed on a traction power source through a winding drum, and the other end of the steel wire rope passes through a fixed pulley block and then is connected with a steel wire rope connecting plate fixed on the surface of one side of the ball screw sliding table; the traction power source pulls the test vehicle to move through the steel wire rope, and the movement speed and the movement direction of the test vehicle can be changed by controlling the traction power source; the fixed pulley block is used for adjusting the motion direction of the steel wire rope to be the horizontal direction.
6. The small simple paddy field soil box test bed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the soil preparation system bracket is fixed on the linear slide block; the power device comprises a first driving motor, a second driving motor, a boss gear and a motor bracket; the first driving motor and the second driving motor are fixed on the soil preparation system bracket through the motor bracket; the two boss gears are respectively arranged on the first driving motor and the second driving motor, are meshed with the linear racks fixed on the side surfaces of the bracket, and are meshed with the gear racks to drive the soil preparation system to move; the first driving motor and the second driving motor are used for controlling the advancing movement speed of the soil preparation system during soil preparation;
the soil preparation device comprises a ball screw sliding table II, a ball screw sliding table III, a soil stirrer fixing table, a front soil scraping plate and a rear soil scraping plate; the ball screw sliding table II and the ball screw sliding table III are respectively fixed on the soil preparation system bracket; the left end of the soil mixer fixing table is fixed on the sliding block of the ball screw sliding table II, and the right end of the soil mixer fixing table is fixed on the sliding block of the ball screw sliding table III; the soil stirrer comprises a soil stirrer power source I, a soil stirrer power source II, a soil stirring rod and a coupler; the two soil stirring rods are respectively arranged on the first soil stirrer power source and the second soil stirrer power source through a coupler, and the types of the soil stirring rods can be selected according to the soil moisture content so as to ensure that the soil is fully stirred; the soil stirring device is fixed on the soil stirring device fixing table, and the soil stirring device fixing table is controlled to lift through the ball screw sliding table II and the ball screw sliding table III, so that the purpose of uniform soil stirring depth in the repeated test is achieved.
7. The small simple paddy field soil box test bed according to claim 6, wherein the front scraper and the rear scraper are respectively installed on the front end surface and the rear end surface of the soil preparation system bracket, and the distance between the scrapers and the soil surface is adjustable; when soil preparation is started, the front scraping plate is not used, the rear scraping plate is used, and the rear scraping plate moves forwards along with the soil preparation system support to carry out first soil surface leveling work; and after finishing the soil preparation, the rear scraping plate is stopped, the front scraping plate is started, and the front scraping plate moves backwards along with the soil preparation system support to carry out secondary soil surface leveling work.
8. The small simple paddy field soil box test bed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the limiting device comprises a first limiting sensor, a first speed measuring reflector, a second limiting sensor, a second limiting reflector, a third limiting sensor and a third limiting reflector; the first limit sensor is fixed on the test vehicle bracket; the second limit sensor and the third limit sensor are fixed on the soil preparation system bracket; the first speed measurement reflecting plate and the third limit reflecting plate are fixed on the bracket; the second limiting reflection plate is fixed on the test vehicle bracket; the first speed measurement reflecting plate, the second limit reflecting plate and the third limit reflecting plate are respectively positioned on the laser emission paths of the first limit sensor, the second limit sensor and the third limit sensor, and the plate surface is perpendicular to the laser emission direction to form a non-contact limit device; the limiting device can avoid collision between the bracket and the test vehicle or between the test vehicle and the soil preparation system in the test;
the data acquisition system comprises a multilayer soil moisture sensor, a tension sensor, a laser speed measurement sensor and a pressure sensor, wherein the multilayer soil moisture sensor is fixed on the inner wall of the right side of the soil tank; the multilayer soil moisture sensor is used for monitoring the soil moisture condition of each layer during repeated tests; two ends of the tension sensor are respectively fixed on the steel wire rope; the tension sensor is used for collecting tension when the steel wire rope traction test vehicle moves forwards, so that the horizontal resistance of the soil contact part in the soil during movement is indirectly measured; the laser speed measuring sensor is fixed on the test vehicle bracket; the laser speed measurement sensor is used for collecting the movement speed of the test vehicle; the pressure sensor is fixed on the lower end face of the soil contact component; the pressure sensor is used for acquiring the soil entering force of the soil contacting component vertically inserted into the soil during repeated tests.
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