CN104568421A - Dynamic load testing testbed for agricultural mechanical rotary cultivation part - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a test bench for dynamic load testing of agricultural machinery rotary tillage components, which includes a soil tank and a trolley. The trolley includes a trolley frame, a rotary tillage system, a soil compaction system, a soil leveling system and a walking system. The rotary tillage system is installed at the front end of the trolley frame, the soil compaction system is installed at the rear end of the trolley frame, and the soil leveling system is installed on the trolley frame between the rotary tillage system and the soil compaction system. The walking system is installed on the frame of the trolley. The test bench reproduces the operation of the rotary tillage components based on the soil tank simulation and tests its dynamic load. It has the advantages of not being limited by seasons and farming hours, real-time restoration of soil according to different needs, good test repeatability, and not affected by external climate and natural conditions. It can provide data support for theoretical research and improved design of soil tillage components on the basis of saving a lot of resources.

Description

Dynamic load test bench for agricultural machinery rotary tillage components

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery testing, and in particular relates to a dynamic load testing test bench for agricultural machinery rotary tillage components.

Background technique

Soil tillage components are the core components of agricultural machinery, and their soil cutting performance directly affects the energy consumption and farming efficiency of agricultural machinery. Soil tillage components are mainly subjected to complex and randomly changing loads from the plow layer soil. Due to excessive resistance, the soil tillage components often lead to short service life, and even bending and fracture. Therefore, real-time testing of the dynamic load of soil tillage components and the study of their stress characteristics and laws during the tillage process will provide important test data and technical means for the design, selection and failure mode analysis of soil tillage components. It can provide valuable reference for the design of drag reduction and consumption reduction.

Compared with field experiments, soil tank experiments have the advantages of not being limited by seasons and farming hours, real-time restoration of soil according to different needs, good test repeatability, and not affected by external climate and natural conditions. The soil-contacting parts test device based on the soil tank test bench that has been reported at present mainly has the following deficiencies: 1. The size and specifications of the soil tank test bench and its trolley are relatively large, and different functions (such as rotary tillage, leveling, compaction) can be realized. etc.) The trolley system is relatively independent; 2. Most of the test devices have a single load test, and the test data is mostly limited to torque; 3. Most of the test devices are aimed at the single-roller structure, and are limited to single-roller single-knife or multi-knife test research; 4. Most test devices are limited to specific tests, and the interchangeability and versatility of working parts are poor. For this reason, it is necessary to develop a test bench with strong versatility, convenient and effective for dynamic load testing of soil tillage components.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a test bench with strong versatility, which can conveniently and effectively test the dynamic load of rotary tillage components.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:

A test bench for dynamic load testing of agricultural machinery rotary tillage components, including a soil tank and a trolley. The trolley includes a trolley frame, a rotary tillage system, a soil compaction system, a soil leveling system, and a walking system. The front end of the trolley frame, the soil compaction system is installed at the rear end of the trolley frame, the soil leveling system is installed on the trolley frame, and is located between the rotary tillage system and the soil compaction system, and the walking system is installed on the trolley rack.

The rotary tillage system includes a rotary tiller frame, a tillage depth adjustment device, a rotary tiller drive motor, an impact buffer device, a chain transmission device, a first-stage reversing transmission device, a traveling box, a knife roller and a guide slider a, and the rotary tiller drive The motor, the tillage depth adjustment device, the impact buffer device and the first-stage reversing transmission device are all installed on the rotary tiller frame, and the rotary tiller frame is connected with the trolley frame through a guide slider-a chute.

The power of the rotary tillage drive motor is transmitted to the first-stage reversing transmission device through the chain transmission device, and then transferred to the traveling box after being reversed by the first-stage reversing transmission device. The knife roller is installed on the output shaft of the traveling box.

The tillage depth adjustment device includes a servo electric cylinder and a mounting frame for fixedly installing the servo electric cylinder. The cylinder body of the servo electric cylinder is fixedly mounted on the trolley frame through the mounting frame, and its push rod is connected to the rotary tillage frame through bolts. connect.

The impact buffering device includes an adjustment rod, an adjustment spring and an auxiliary bracket; the auxiliary bracket is fixedly installed on the trolley frame, and a through hole for the adjustment rod to pass is opened on the auxiliary bracket; the upper end of the adjustment rod is suspended, and the lower end passes through The through hole on the auxiliary support is fixed on the rotary tiller frame; the adjustment spring is sheathed on the adjustment rod, the lower end of the adjustment spring is fixedly connected to the rotary tiller frame, and the upper end is limited to the auxiliary support.

The soil trough is linear, and rails for traveling wheels are arranged on both sides of the soil trough, and racks are installed on the outer side of the rails.

The walking system includes a trolley drive motor, a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft is installed on the front end of the trolley frame, and the second rotating shaft is installed on the rear end of the trolley frame; between the first rotating shaft and the second The two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively equipped with traveling wheels that match the track of the soil tank, and the two ends of the first rotating shaft and the outer sides of the traveling wheels are equipped with driving gears that are meshed with the racks of the soil tank; The transmission system transmits to the first rotating shaft, which drives the road wheels and the drive gears to rotate.

Further, the soil compaction system includes a suppression suspension, a synchronous lifting mechanism, a soil compactor and a guide slider b; the suppression suspension is connected to the frame of the trolley through a guide slider-chute, and the soil compactor The main shaft is installed on the vertical support of the suppression suspension through bearings, and the synchronous lifting mechanism is installed on the horizontal support of the suppression suspension.

The synchronous lifting mechanism includes a lifting drive motor, a shaft coupling, a commutator, a connecting shaft and a screw jack a; the output shaft of the lifting drive motor is connected with the input shaft of the commutator through a coupling; the commutator is a T-type commutator The two horizontal output shafts of the commutator are respectively connected to one end of the corresponding connecting shaft through a coupling, and the other end of the connecting shaft is connected to the input shaft of the corresponding screw jack a through a coupling; the screw jack a is a self-locking type The worm gear screw jack is suspended at the upper end, and the working end of the worm at the lower end is connected with the horizontal support of the suppressing suspension.

Furthermore, the soil leveling system includes a scraper suspension, a scraper lifting drive motor, a scraper lifting device and a scraper with a nail rake, the scraper suspension is fixedly installed on the frame of the trolley, and the scraper The lifting drive motor and the moldboard lifting device are installed on the moldboard suspension.

The scraper lifting device includes a screw jack b, a connecting rod and a fixed seat, the output shaft of the scraper lifting drive motor is connected with the input shaft of the screw jack b through a coupling, and the screw jack b is a worm gear screw jack; One end of the connecting rod is a hollow structure with an internal thread, and the other end is provided with a through hole; the fixing seat is connected with the moldboard, and a U-shaped connecting seat is arranged on the fixing seat, and a U-shaped connecting seat is provided at both ends of the U-shaped connecting seat. There is a through hole; one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the working end of the worm of the screw jack b through thread fit, and the other end is fixed on the U-shaped connecting seat of the fixed seat through a pin or other connecting piece.

Furthermore, the output shaft of the walking box is a double output shaft, and the knife rollers are divided into two groups, and the two sets of knife rollers are symmetrically installed on the output shafts on both sides of the walking box.

Furthermore, the servo electric cylinder is a switchback type servo electric cylinder, the servo motor of the servo electric cylinder is arranged in parallel with the cylinder body, and the output shaft of the servo motor is connected with the transmission screw rod of the servo electric cylinder through a synchronous belt and a synchronous pulley.

Furthermore, the soil leveling system also includes a connecting block and a moving guide post, both ends of the moving guide post are fixedly installed on the scraper suspension, and one side of the connecting block is fixedly installed on the scraper board by bolts, The other side is installed on the moving guide post through a guide bearing, and can move axially along the moving guide post.

Furthermore, the moldboard suspension includes a first horizontal bracket, a second horizontal bracket and a third horizontal bracket arranged horizontally from top to bottom in turn, and the two of the first horizontal bracket, the second horizontal bracket and the third horizontal bracket Both ends are fixedly connected to the corresponding side brackets; the first horizontal bracket of the scraper suspension is connected to the frame of the trolley; the scraper lifting drive motor and the scraper lifting device are respectively fixed and installed on the second level on the bracket; the moving guide column is arranged between the second horizontal bracket and the third horizontal bracket, and its two ends are fixedly installed on the second horizontal bracket and the third horizontal bracket along the vertical direction.

Furthermore, the maximum working stroke of the servo electric cylinder is 300mm, the working speed of the push rod is 200mm/s, the power of the servo motor is 0.4kw, and the load capacity of a single cylinder is 80kg.

Furthermore, the maximum working stroke of the synchronous lifting mechanism is 230mm, the working speed of the worm of the screw jack a is 50mm/s, and the lifting capacity is 1000kg.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. This test bench simulates and reproduces the operation of rotary tillage components based on the soil tank, and tests its dynamic load. It has the advantages of not being limited by seasons and farming hours, real-time restoration of soil according to different needs, good test repeatability, and not affected by external climate and natural conditions. It can provide data support for theoretical research and improved design of soil tillage components on the basis of saving a lot of resources.

2. This test bench can not only realize the real-time test of the dynamic load of the rotary tillage parts, but also can operate the rotary tillage parts under the conditions of different shapes or different numbers or different arrangements of knives, as well as different tillage depths and different tillage speeds. The loads are compared and tested and analyzed. The test results can provide important test data and technical means for the design, selection and failure mode analysis of rotary tillage components.

3. Use the electric cylinder based on the servo motor to adjust the tillage depth, convert the rotary motion of the servo motor into a linear motion through the screw rod, and at the same time convert the precise speed control, precise revolution control, and precise torque control of the servo motor into precise speed Control, precise position control, precise thrust control, so as to realize precise control of tillage depth. This breaks through the traditional soil tank test bench rotary tillage system that uses a hydraulic system to adjust the tillage depth, which is beneficial to shorten the response time, improve the adjustment accuracy, simplify the system control strategy and process, and save maintenance costs.

4. The output shaft of the walking box is a double output shaft, and the two sets of cutter rollers are arranged symmetrically, which changes the traditional single-roller test mode and is closer to the actual farming conditions of the agricultural machinery rotary tillage system. At the same time, using the prototype tillage parts and the prototype walking box, the real behavior representation of the soil tillage parts can be directly obtained through experiments.

5. Equipped with impact buffer device. When in use, the adjusting rod of the impact buffering device passes through the through hole on the auxiliary bracket fixedly installed on the trolley frame, and the adjusting spring is positioned between the rotary tiller frame and the auxiliary bracket, and the lower end of the adjusting spring is fixedly connected to the rotary tiller. On the tiller frame, the upper end is limited to the auxiliary support. By adjusting the damping effect of the spring, the impact vibration directly acting on the rotary tillage frame is transferred to the trolley frame, so as to reduce the impact vibration during rotary tillage operation and protect the electric cylinder.

6. The test bench uses the soil leveling system to level the soil after plowing, and then the soil compaction system to compact the surface and deep soil to achieve the soil firmness required by the test and ensure that the parts touching the soil are always safe. For basically the same soil environment, the relevant test data has strong repeatability and comparability. The system can adjust the soil scraping depth within the range of 0-60mm by adjusting the lifting device of the moldboard, and use the synchronous lifting mechanism based on the stepping motor to realize the adjustment of the compaction depth within the range of 0-230mm. This adjustment method is a further breakthrough The traditional soil tank test bench adopts the hydraulic system to realize the depth adjustment mode, which is beneficial to shorten the response time, improve the adjustment accuracy, simplify the system control strategy and process, and save costs.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of test bench of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the rotary tillage system;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the servo electric cylinder;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the soil compaction system;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the soil leveling system;

Fig. 6 is another side structure schematic diagram of soil leveling system;

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the synchronous lifting mechanism.

Among them, 1 is a trolley frame, 2 is a rotary tillage system, 21 is a rotary tillage frame, 22 is a servo electric cylinder, 23 is an impact buffer device, 24 is a rotary tillage drive motor, and 25 is a primary reversing transmission device. 26 is a traveling box, 27 is a knife roller, 28 is a guide slider a, 29 is a spherical washer, 221 is a servo motor, 222 is a cylinder, 223 is a push rod, 231 is an adjustment rod, 232 is an adjustment spring, and 233 is an auxiliary Bracket, 3 is the soil compaction system, 31 is the suppression suspension, 32 is the synchronous lifting mechanism, 33 is the soil compactor, 34 is the guide slider b, 321 is the lifting drive motor, 322 is the coupling, 323 is the commutator , 324 is the connecting shaft, 325 is the screw elevator, 326 is the flange, 4 is the soil leveling system, 41 is the scraper suspension, 42 is the scraper lifting drive motor, 43 is the connecting block, 44 is the mobile guide column, 45 is a moldboard, 46 is a nail rake, 47 is a moldboard lifting device, 48 is a mounting seat, 411 is a first horizontal support, 412 is a second horizontal support, 413 is a third horizontal support, 414 is a side fixed support, 471 is a screw lift b, 472 is a connecting rod, 473 is a fixed seat, 5 is a walking system, 51 is a trolley drive motor, 52 is a speed reducer, 53 is a first rotating shaft, 54 is a second rotating shaft, and 55 is a road wheel. 56 is a driving gear, and 6 is an earth tank, and 61 is a track, and 62 is a rack.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example the present invention is described in further detail.

Refer to Figure 1: Test bench for dynamic load testing of agricultural machinery rotary tillage components, including soil tank 6 and trolley. The trolley includes trolley frame 1, rotary tillage system 2, soil compaction system 3, soil leveling system 4 and walking system 5. The rotary tillage system 2 is installed on the trolley frame 1, and the distance between the rotary tillage system 2 and the front end of the trolley frame 1 is smaller than the distance between the rotary tillage system 2 and the rear end of the trolley frame 1. The soil compaction system 3 is installed on the trolley frame 1, and the distance between the soil compaction system 3 and the front end of the trolley frame 1 is greater than the distance between the soil compaction system 3 and the rear end of the trolley frame 1. The soil leveling system 4 is installed on the trolley frame 1 and is located between the rotary tillage system 2 and the soil compaction system 3 . The traveling system 5 is installed on the trolley frame 1, and the traveling system 5 provides power for the movement of the trolley and drives the trolley to move on the soil tank 6. In the present invention, the end that is the same as the forward direction of the test trolley is the front end of the trolley frame 1, and the other end is the rear end of the trolley frame 1.

The soil tank 6 is linear, and the both sides of the soil tank 6 are provided with a track 61 for the walking wheel 55 to walk, and a rack 62 is installed on the outer top of the track 61, and a rack support device is provided at regular intervals.

The traveling system 5 includes a trolley drive motor 51 , a speed reducer 52 , a first rotating shaft 53 , a second rotating shaft 54 , traveling wheels 55 and a driving gear 56 . The output shaft of the trolley drive motor 51 is connected with the input shaft of the reducer 52 by a belt. A second drive sprocket is installed on the output shaft of the speed reducer 52, and a second driven sprocket is installed on the first rotating shaft 53. The diameter of the second drive sprocket is less than the diameter of the second driven sprocket. The driving sprocket is connected with the second driven sprocket by a chain. The first rotating shaft 53 is a drive shaft, and the second rotating shaft 54 is a non-driving shaft. The first rotating shaft 53 is installed on the front end of the trolley frame 1 by bearings, and the second rotating shaft 54 is installed on the rear end of the trolley frame 1 by bearings. Both ends of the first rotating shaft 53 and the second rotating shaft 54 are equipped with road wheels 55, which can move along the track 61 of the soil tank 6 and support the trolley. A drive gear 56 is mounted on both ends of the first rotating shaft 53 and outside the traveling wheel 55 , and the drive gear 56 meshes with the corresponding racks 62 on both sides of the soil tank 6 . The power of the trolley drive motor 51 is transmitted to the reducer 52 through the belt drive, and after deceleration, the second deceleration is carried out by the chain drive, and after deceleration, it is transmitted to the first rotating shaft 53, driving the road wheel 55 and the driving wheel installed on the first rotating shaft 53. The gear 56 rotates, thereby driving the trolley to move.

See Figure 2 and Figure 3: the rotary tillage system 2 includes a rotary tillage frame 21, a tillage depth adjustment device, a rotary tillage drive motor 24, an impact buffer device 23, a chain transmission device, a primary reversing transmission device 25, a travel box 26, Knife roller 27 and guide slider a28, rotary tillage drive motor 24, plowing depth adjustment device, impact buffer device 23 and primary reversing transmission device 25 are all installed on rotary tiller frame 21, and rotary tiller frame 21 is installed on the table Car frame 1. The first driving sprocket is installed on the 24 output shafts of the rotary tillage drive motor, and the first driven sprocket is installed at one end of the input shaft of the primary reversing transmission device 25, the first driving sprocket and the first driven sprocket connected by a chain. The other end of the input shaft of the primary reversing transmission device 25 is equipped with a first bevel tooth, and the upper end of the output shaft of the primary reversing transmission device 25 is equipped with a second bevel tooth, and the first bevel tooth meshes with the second bevel tooth. The lower end of the one-stage reversing transmission device 25 output shafts is connected with the walking box 26 input shafts. The 26 output shafts of the traveling case are double output shafts, and the cutter rollers 27 are two groups, and two groups of cutter rollers 27 are symmetrically installed on the output shafts on the traveling case 26 both sides. The rotary tillage drive motor 24 transmits power to the first-stage reversing transmission device 25 through the chain transmission device, and the first-stage reversing transmission device 25 transmits the power to the walking box 26 through the gear transmission, and the walking box 26 drives the output shaft installed on the walking box 26 The upper cutter roller 27 rotates to cultivate the soil. The two groups of knife rollers 27 are arranged symmetrically, which changes the traditional single-roller test mode and is closer to the actual farming conditions of the agricultural machinery rotary tillage system 2 . At the same time, by using the prototype tillage component and the prototype walking box 26, the real behavior representation of the soil tillage component can be directly obtained through experiments.

The tillage depth adjusting device includes a servo electric cylinder 22 and a mounting frame for fixedly installing the servo electric cylinder 2 . The cylinder body 222 of the electric cylinder is fixedly installed on the test bench frame 1 through the mounting frame, and its push rod 223 is connected to the rotary tillage frame 21 by means of a spherical washer 29 and bolts, which can improve the stress of the servo electric cylinder 22. The tillage depth adjustment device adopts the servo motor 221 to drive the electric cylinder to realize the adjustment of the tillage depth of the rotary tillage system 2 . The maximum working stroke of the servo electric cylinder 22 is 300mm, the working speed of the push rod 223 is 200mm/s, the power of the servo motor 221 is 0.4kw, and the load capacity of a single cylinder is 80kg, which can realize the adjustment of the cultivation depth within the range of 0-300mm.

In this embodiment, the servo electric cylinder 22 adopts a turn-back type servo electric cylinder, the servo motor 221 of the electric cylinder is arranged in parallel with the cylinder body 222, and the output shaft of the servo motor 221 is connected with the transmission screw rod of the electric cylinder through a timing belt and a timing pulley. , the power of the servo motor 221 is output to the screw rod to drive the screw rod to rotate, the installation position is flexible, the installation is easy, the setting is simple, the use is convenient, and it has high controllability and control precision.

The impact buffer device 23 includes an adjustment rod 231 , an adjustment spring 232 and an auxiliary bracket auxiliary bracket 233 . The auxiliary bracket 233 is fixedly installed on the trolley frame 1, and the auxiliary bracket 233 is provided with a through hole for the adjustment rod 231 to pass through. The upper end of the adjustment rod 231 is suspended, and the lower end passes through the through hole on the auxiliary support bracket 233 and is fixedly connected to the rotary tiller frame 21 . The adjustment spring 232 is sheathed on the adjustment rod 231 , the lower end of the adjustment spring 232 is fixedly connected to the rotary tiller frame 21 , and the upper end is limited to the auxiliary bracket auxiliary bracket 233 . By adjusting the damping effect of the spring 232, the impact vibration directly acting on the rotary tillage frame 21 is transferred to the trolley frame 1, so as to reduce the impact vibration during rotary tillage operation and protect the electric cylinder.

By setting the tillage depth adjustment device on the rotary tillage system 2, the servo electric cylinder 22 driven by the servo motor 221 is used to adjust the tillage depth, and the rotary motion of the servo motor 221 is converted into a linear motion through the screw rod, and at the same time, the servo motor 221 Accurate speed control, precise revolution control, and precise torque control are transformed into precise speed control, precise position control, and precise thrust control, thereby realizing precise control of tillage depth. This breaks through the traditional soil tank test bench rotary tillage system that uses a hydraulic system to adjust the tillage depth, which is beneficial to shorten the response time, improve the adjustment accuracy, simplify the system control strategy and process, and save maintenance costs.

Referring to Fig. 4 and Fig. 7: the soil compaction system 3 includes a suppression suspension 31, a synchronous lifting mechanism 32, a soil compactor 33, and a guide slider b34, etc. The frame 1 is connected, and the suppression suspension 31 is a U-shaped frame structure, which includes a horizontal support and vertical supports arranged at both ends of the horizontal support. The main shaft of the soil compactor 33 is installed on the vertical support of the suppression suspension 31 through bearings , the synchronous lifting mechanism 32 is installed on the horizontal support of the suppression suspension 31.

The synchronous lifting mechanism 32 includes a lifting drive motor 321 , a coupling 322 , a commutator 323 , a connecting shaft 324 and a screw jack a325 . The shells of the commutator 323 and the screw jack a325 are all fixed on the trolley frame 1 by the fixing strips arranged in parallel on the trolley frame 1, the screw jack a325 is a self-locking worm gear screw jack, and the worm of the screw jack a325 The working end passes through the gap between the two fixing bars and is connected with the suppressing suspension 31 . The lifting driving motor 321 is a stepping motor, and the output shaft of the lifting driving motor 321 is connected with the input shaft of the commutator 323 through a coupling 322 . The commutator 323 is a T-shaped commutator 323, and the two horizontal output shafts of the commutator 323 are respectively connected to one end of the corresponding connecting shaft 324 through the coupling 322, and the other end of the connecting shaft 324 is connected to the corresponding connecting shaft 324 through the coupling 322. Screw jack a325 input shaft connection. The working end of the worm of the screw jack a325 is connected with the support of the suppressing suspension 31 through the flange 326 . The synchronous lifting mechanism 32 based on the stepping motor can realize the adjustment of the compaction depth, and the adjustment range is 0-230mm. When the compaction depth reaches the set value, the screw jack a325 has a self-locking function to achieve constant compaction Deep compaction.

In this embodiment, the maximum working stroke of the synchronous lifting mechanism 32 is 230 mm, the working speed of the worm of the screw jack a325 is 50 mm/s, and the lifting capacity is 1000 kg. The drum of soil compactor 33 is a hollow structure, and the quality of soil compactor 33 can be changed by filling fillers such as sand or iron filings in the drum, so as to realize compaction of soil layers of different depths. The outer diameter of the roller is 400mm, the inner diameter of the roller is 350mm, the working width of the roller is 1300mm, the material of the roller is gray cast iron, and the designed weight of the roller is 300kg.

5 and 6: the soil leveling system 4 includes a scraper suspension 41, a scraper lifting drive motor 42, a scraper lifting device 47, a connecting block 43, a moving guide post 44, a scraper 45 and a nail rake 46. The nail rake 46 is installed on the moldboard 45 . The moldboard suspension 41 includes, from top to bottom, a first horizontal bracket 411, a second horizontal bracket 412 and a third horizontal bracket 413 arranged horizontally, and the first horizontal bracket 411, the second horizontal bracket 412 and the third horizontal bracket 413 Both ends of each are fixedly connected to the side fixing bracket 414 at the corresponding end. The first horizontal bracket 411 of the moldboard suspension 41 is fixedly connected with the suppression suspension 31 of the soil compaction system 3 . A connection block 43 is fixedly installed on the scraper board 45, and one side of the connection block 43 is fixedly installed on the scraper board 45 by bolts, and the other side passes through the moving guide post 44 and is installed on the moving guide post through a guide bearing. 44 , the connecting block 43 can move axially along the moving guide post 44 . The moving guide column 44 is arranged between the second horizontal bracket 412 and the third horizontal bracket 413 of the moldboard suspension 41, and its two ends are fixedly installed on the second horizontal bracket 412 of the moldboard suspension 41 along the vertical direction. And on the third horizontal support 413. In this embodiment, there are two connecting blocks 43 and two corresponding moving guide posts 44 .

The scraper lifting drive motor 42 and the scraper lifting device 47 are respectively fixedly installed on the second horizontal support 412 through the mounting base 48 . The moldboard lifting device 47 includes a screw jack b471, a connecting rod 472 and a fixing seat 473. The output shaft of the scraper lifting drive motor 42 is connected with the input shaft of the screw jack b471 through a coupling. The screw jack b471 is a worm gear screw jack . One end of the connecting rod 472 is a hollow structure, and is provided with an internal thread, and the other end is provided with a through hole; the fixed seat 473 is fixedly installed on the moldboard 45, and the fixed seat 473 is provided with a U-shaped connection seat, and the U-shaped connection The two ends of the seat are provided with through holes; one end of the connecting rod 472 is fixedly connected with the worm screw working end of the screw jack b471 by threaded fit, and the other end is fixed on the U-shaped connection seat of the fixed seat 473 by a pin or other connectors.

The soil leveling system 4 leveles the soil tilled by the rotary tillage system 2, and then the soil compaction system 3 compacts the surface and deep soil to achieve the soil firmness required by the test and ensure that the operation of the parts touching the soil is always For basically the same soil environment, the relevant test data has strong repeatability and comparability. The soil recovery device can adjust the soil scraping depth within the range of 0-60mm by adjusting the lifting device of the scraper plate, and realize the adjustment of the compaction depth within the range of 0-230mm by using the synchronous lifting mechanism 32 based on the stepping motor. This adjustment method breaks through the traditional soil tank test bench that uses a hydraulic system to achieve depth adjustment, which is conducive to shortening the response time, improving adjustment accuracy, simplifying the system control strategy and process, and saving costs.

The test bench simulates and reproduces the operation of the rotary tillage components based on the soil tank, and tests its dynamic load. It has the advantages of not being limited by seasons and farming hours, real-time restoration of soil according to different needs, good test repeatability, and not affected by external climate and natural conditions. It can provide data support for theoretical research and improved design of soil tillage components on the basis of saving a lot of resources.

Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be carried out Modifications or equivalent replacements without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention shall be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. agricultural machinery rotary cultivating part dynamic load is test bed, it is characterized in that, comprise soil box (6) and chassis, chassis comprises chassis frame (1), rotary tillage system (2), soil compression system (3), land smoothing system (4) and running gear (5), described rotary tillage system (2) is arranged on the front end of chassis frame (1), soil compression system (3) is arranged on the rear end of chassis frame (1), land smoothing system (4) is arranged in chassis frame (1), and be positioned between rotary tillage system (2) and soil compression system (3), running gear (5) is arranged in chassis frame (1),

Described rotary tillage system (2) comprises rotary tillage frame (21), tilling depth regulating device, rotary tillage drive motor (24), relief means (23), chain and sprocket driving device, one-level reverse drive gear (25), walking case (26), rotor (27) and guide runner a (28), rotary tillage drive motor (24), tilling depth regulating device, relief means (23) and one-level reverse drive gear (25) are installed in rotary tillage frame (21), rotary tillage frame (21) is connected with chassis frame (1) by guide runner-chute mode,

The power of described rotary tillage drive motor (24) passes to one-level reverse drive gear (25) through chain and sprocket driving device, after one-level reverse drive gear (25) commutation, pass to walking case (26), described rotor (27) is arranged on walking case (26) output shaft;

Described tilling depth regulating device comprises servo electric jar (22) and the erecting frame for fixedly mounting servo electric jar (22), the cylinder body (222) of servo electric jar (22) is fixedly mounted in chassis frame (1) by erecting frame, and its push rod (223) is connected with rotary tillage frame (21) by bolt;

Described relief means (23) comprises adjuster bar (231), regulating spring (232) and auxiliary stand (233); Auxiliary stand (233) is fixedly mounted in chassis frame (1), and auxiliary stand (233) offers the through hole passed through for adjuster bar (231); The upper end suspension of adjuster bar (231), lower end is passed the through hole on auxiliary stand (233) and is fixed in rotary tillage frame (21); Regulating spring (232) is set on adjuster bar (231), and the lower end of regulating spring (232) is fixedly connected in rotary tillage frame (21), and upper end is limited in auxiliary stand (233);

Described soil box (6) is linear pattern, is provided with the track (61) of walking for road wheel (55), is provided with tooth bar (62) above the outside of track (61) in the both sides of soil box (6);

Described running gear (5) comprises chassis drive motor (51), the first rotating shaft (53) and the second rotating shaft (54), first rotating shaft (53) is arranged on the front end of chassis frame (1), and the second rotating shaft (54) is arranged on the rear end of chassis frame (1); Be separately installed with at the two ends of the first rotating shaft (53) and the second rotating shaft (54) road wheel (55) matched with soil box track (61), at the two ends of the first rotating shaft (53) and be positioned at road wheel (55) outside the driven wheel (56) be meshed with the tooth bar of soil box (62) is installed; Chassis drive motor (51) power passes to the first rotating shaft (53) through kinematic train, and ground-engaging wheel (55) and driven wheel (56) rotate.

2. agricultural machinery rotary cultivating part dynamic load according to claim 1 is test bed, it is characterized in that, described soil compression system comprises suppression suspension (31), synchronization lifting mechanism (32), earth pack device (33) and guide runner b(34); Described suppression suspension (31) is connected with chassis frame (1) by guide runner-chute mode, the main shaft of earth pack device (33) is arranged on by bearing on the vertical rack of suppression suspension (31), and synchronization lifting mechanism (32) is arranged on the horizontal stand of suppression suspension (31);

Described synchronization lifting mechanism (32) comprises lifting drive motor (321), shaft coupling (322), commutator (323), coupling shaft (324) and spiral lift a(325); The output shaft of lifting drive motor (321) is connected with commutator (323) input shaft by shaft coupling (322); Commutator (323) is T-shaped commutator, two horizontal output shafts of commutator (323) connect respectively by shaft coupling (322) one end with corresponding coupling shaft (324), and the other end of coupling shaft (324) is by shaft coupling (322) and corresponding spiral lift a(325) input shaft connects; Spiral lift a(325) be self locking type worm gear-worm spiral lift, its upper end suspends, and worm screw working end, lower end is connected with the horizontal stand of suppression suspension (31).

3. agricultural machinery rotary cultivating part dynamic load according to claim 1 is test bed, it is characterized in that, described land smoothing system (4) comprises the clean-up scraper (45) of clean-up scraper suspension (41), scraping plate lifting drive motor (42), clean-up scraper jacking gear (47) and band rake (46), clean-up scraper suspension (41) is fixedly mounted in chassis frame (1), and scraping plate lifting drive motor (42) and clean-up scraper jacking gear (47) are arranged on clean-up scraper suspension (41);

Described clean-up scraper jacking gear (47) comprises spiral lift b(471), connecting link (472) and holder (473), the output shaft of scraping plate lifting drive motor (42) is by shaft coupling and spiral lift b(471) input shaft be connected, this spiral lift b(471) be worm and gear spiral lift; One end of described connecting link (472) is hollow-core construction and offers internal thread, and the other end offers through hole; Holder (473) is connected with clean-up scraper (45), holder (473) is provided with U-shaped Connection Block, offers through hole at the two ends of U-shaped Connection Block; One end of connecting link (472) is by threaded engagement and spiral lift b(471) worm screw working end be fixedly connected with, the other end is fixed on the U-shaped Connection Block of holder (473) by pin or other web member.

4. agricultural machinery rotary cultivating part dynamic load according to claim 1 is test bed, it is characterized in that, described walking case (26) output shaft is double output shaft, and rotor (27) is two groups, and two groups of rotor (27) symmetries are arranged on the output shaft of walking case (26) both sides.

5. the agricultural machinery rotary cultivating part dynamic load according to claim 1 or 4 is test bed, it is characterized in that, described servo electric jar (22) is Zigzag type servo electric jar (22), servomotor (221) and the cylinder body (222) of servo electric jar (22) be arranged in parallel, and the output shaft of servomotor (221) is connected with the drive lead screw of synchronous pulley with servo electric jar (22) by Timing Belt.

6. agricultural machinery rotary cultivating part dynamic load according to claim 3 is test bed, it is characterized in that, described land smoothing system (4) also comprises contiguous block (43) and mobile guide pillar (44), the two ends of described mobile guide pillar (44) are fixedly mounted on clean-up scraper suspension (41), the side of contiguous block (43) is mounted by means of bolts on clean-up scraper, and opposite side is arranged on mobile guide pillar (44) by guide bearing and goes up and can move axially along mobile guide pillar (44).

7. the agricultural machinery rotary cultivating part dynamic load according to claim 3 or 6 is test bed, it is characterized in that, described clean-up scraper suspension (41) comprises horizontally disposed first horizontal stand (411), the second horizontal stand (412) and the 3rd horizontal stand (413) from top to bottom successively, and the first horizontal stand (411), the second horizontal stand (412) are all fixedly connected with corresponding side supports (414) with the two ends of the 3rd horizontal stand (413); First horizontal stand (411) of clean-up scraper suspension (41) is connected with chassis frame (1); Described scraping plate lifting drive motor (42) and clean-up scraper jacking gear (47) are fixedly mounted on the second horizontal stand (412) respectively by mount pad; Described mobile guide pillar (44) is arranged between the second horizontal stand (412) and the 3rd horizontal stand (413) and its two ends and is fixedly mounted on the second horizontal stand (412) and the 3rd horizontal stand (413) along vertical.

8. agricultural machinery rotary cultivating part dynamic load according to claim 5 is test bed, it is characterized in that, the maximum functional stroke of described servo electric jar (22) is 300mm, push rod operating rate is 200mm/s, servomotor (221) power is 0.4kw, and single cylinder load-bearing capacity is 80kg.

9. agricultural machinery rotary cultivating part dynamic load according to claim 2 is test bed, it is characterized in that, the maximum functional stroke of described synchronization lifting mechanism (32) is 230mm, spiral lift a(325) worm screw operating rate be 50mm/s, lift capability is 1000kg.