CN110031400B - Multifunctional device for measuring adhesion force between dredging cutter tooth and clay and optimizing cutter tooth - Google Patents
Multifunctional device for measuring adhesion force between dredging cutter tooth and clay and optimizing cutter tooth Download PDFInfo
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- CN110031400B CN110031400B CN201910369282.5A CN201910369282A CN110031400B CN 110031400 B CN110031400 B CN 110031400B CN 201910369282 A CN201910369282 A CN 201910369282A CN 110031400 B CN110031400 B CN 110031400B
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- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 201000004569 Blindness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910001339 C alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
- G01N19/04—Measuring adhesive force between materials, e.g. of sealing tape, of coating
Abstract
The application relates to the field of dredging engineering in hydraulic engineering, and discloses a multifunctional device for measuring the adhesion force between a dredging cutter tooth and clay and optimizing the cutter tooth. In the testing process, the pulling force is measured through the pulling and pressing sensor, and the real-time acquisition of data is realized through the computer control system. The device can prepare soil samples with different intensities; the tangential adhesion between the dredging cutter tooth metal test plate and clay under the conditions of different overlying loads, different running speeds, different materials and different roughness can be measured, and the real-time acquisition of data can be realized; and the main factors influencing the adhesion force between the dredging cutter teeth and clay can be distinguished through the measurement results of different factor combinations, and the optimal combination for reducing the adhesion force is determined, so that the research, development and manufacture of the novel dredging cutter teeth are guided.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of dredging engineering in hydraulic engineering, in particular to a multifunctional device for measuring the adhesion force between a dredging cutter tooth and clay and optimizing the cutter tooth.
Background
Dredging works have been from ancient times, and over time dredging tools have been developed from ancient manual tools to now being replaced by machines, such as dredgers and the like. Along with economic development and social progress, the development of dredging technical equipment faces the requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection.
At present, a trailing suction hopper dredger is mainly used for dredging soft clay; and the cutter suction dredger is more suitable for dredging hard clay. The clay of any type can adhere to the tooth surface of the cutter tooth due to the existence of cohesive force, so that the cutting resistance is increased, the dredging efficiency is reduced, and the energy consumption is increased.
Therefore, how to measure the adhesion between the dredging cutter teeth and clay and to conduct the autonomous research and development of the high-efficiency dredging cutter teeth has become a difficult problem to be solved in the technical field of dredging in China. However, at present, practical and effective measuring methods are not available at home and abroad, and the dredging cutter teeth are usually designed by means of engineering experience, so that the method has great blindness. In order to make up the limitation of theoretical analysis, for the autonomous research and development of novel dredging cutter teeth, the analysis is urgently needed to be combined with a simple and easy adhesion force measurement test, wherein the key technology is how to simulate the research and development of novel cutter teeth by adjusting the material and the surface roughness of the dredging cutter teeth and the travelling speed of the cutter teeth to reduce the adhesion force between the cutter teeth and clay under the condition of a certain depth, and the research and development of the novel cutter teeth is carried out from the underwater dredging cutter teeth and clay adhesion force measurement test, and the report of the device is not found at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the multifunctional device for measuring the adhesion force between the cutter teeth and clay and optimizing the cutter teeth is provided, is suitable for the field of dredging engineering, and can meet various requirements of tangential adhesion force measurement between the cutter teeth and clay in the field of dredging. The device ensures that clay is solidified under different pressures through the soil sample solidifying box and the pressurizing device, thereby preparing soil samples with different intensities. The tangential adhesion between the metal material of the dredging cutter tooth and clay can be measured under the conditions of different overlying loads, different running speeds, different materials and different roughness by the device, and the real-time acquisition of data can be realized. The main factors influencing the adhesion force between the dredging cutter teeth and clay can be distinguished through the measurement results of the combination of the different factors, and the optimal combination for reducing the adhesion force is determined, so that the research, development and manufacture of the novel dredging cutter teeth are guided.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:
a multifunctional device for measuring the adhesion force between a dredging cutter tooth and clay and optimizing the cutter tooth comprises a base, a water tank, a loading mechanism, a consolidation soil sample box, a drawing mechanism, a drawing pressure sensor and a computer control system;
wherein the water tank is arranged on the base; the concretion soil sample box is detachably arranged in the water tank and is used for manufacturing soil samples with different intensities; the drawing soil sample box is detachably arranged in the water tank and is used for containing the soil samples; the loading mechanism is arranged above the water tank and is used for applying vertical load to the consolidated soil sample box and the drawing soil sample box; the drawing mechanism comprises a dredging cutter tooth metal test plate, and the dredging cutter tooth metal test plate is arranged in the drawing soil sample box in a penetrating way and is used for carrying out drawing test on the soil sample; the pulling and pressing sensor is connected with the dredging cutter tooth metal test plate and is used for collecting the pulling force in real time; the computer control system is respectively connected with the loading mechanism, the drawing mechanism and the drawing pressure sensor and used for controlling the vertical pressure applied by the loading mechanism, controlling the drawing speed of the drawing mechanism and acquiring the drawing force acquired by the drawing pressure sensor.
Further, the computer control system is provided with orthogonal test analysis software for judging the optimal combination of main factors influencing the adhesion between the dredging cutter tooth metal plate and clay and reducing the adhesion according to the measurement results of tangential adhesion between the dredging cutter tooth metal test plate and clay under different overlying loads, different running speeds, different materials and different roughness conditions in the atmospheric or water immersion environment.
Further, the loading mechanism comprises a dowel bar, an air cylinder, a loading counter-force frame, a pressurizing plate and an air compressor;
the loading counter-force frame is arranged on the water tank and connected with the air cylinder, the air cylinder is connected with the air compressor, meanwhile, the bottom of the air cylinder is connected with the pressure plate through the dowel bar, the pressure plate is positioned above the position where the consolidated soil sample box or the drawing soil sample box is positioned, and the size of the pressure plate is the same as the size of the upper top surface of the drawing soil sample box and the soil sample contained in the consolidated soil sample box;
the air compressor is connected with the computer control system, and the computer control system is used for controlling the vertical pressure applied by the air cylinder to the soil sample consolidation box or the soil sample drawing box.
Further, the drawing mechanism also comprises a roller bracket, rollers, a trolley, a vertical pulling plate, a horizontal pulling plate, a transmission shaft, a rail and a servo motor;
two tracks are arranged on the top of the water tank, a trolley is movably arranged on the two tracks, and a servo motor is connected with the trolley through a transmission shaft and can drive the trolley to move on the tracks; the bottom of the trolley is connected with a vertical pulling plate, the vertical pulling plate is connected with a horizontal pulling plate which is horizontally arranged, the horizontal pulling plate is connected with a dredging cutter tooth metal test plate, and the horizontal pulling plate and the dredging cutter tooth metal test plate are positioned at the same horizontal position;
the rotation of the servo motor is converted into the translation of the trolley through the transmission shaft, and the dredging cutter tooth metal test plate is driven by the vertical pulling plate and the horizontal pulling plate to carry out a drawing test on the soil sample in the drawing soil sample box; the servo motor is also connected with a computer control system, and the drawing speed of the dredging cutter tooth metal test plate is controlled by the computer control system.
Further, two groups of roller brackets are arranged at the bottom in the water tank, an upper row of rollers and a lower row of rollers with adjustable heights are arranged on each group of roller brackets, the upper row of rollers and the lower row of rollers are horizontally arranged, the distance between the upper row of rollers and the lower row of rollers is equal to the thickness of the transverse pulling plate, and two sides of the transverse pulling plate are respectively and movably penetrated between the upper row of rollers and the lower row of rollers.
Further, the roller bracket is provided with a mounting hole, and the roller is mounted on the roller bracket through the mounting hole; meanwhile, the mounting hole has a certain length so as to adjust the mounting height of the roller.
Further, the pulling and pressing sensor is arranged on the transverse pulling plate and connected with the computer control system, and the pulling force is acquired in real time through the computer control system.
Further, a horizontal opening is formed in the drawing soil sample box and used for placing a dredging cutter tooth metal test plate for carrying out drawing test on the soil sample.
Further, the consolidated soil sample box comprises a steel plate, a hoop and a water permeable plate;
the steel plates are assembled through hoops to form a detachable movable device, and water permeable plates are arranged at the periphery and the bottom of the movable device to form a concretion soil sample box.
Further, a stop lever is arranged at the bottom of the water tank and used for fixing the fixed soil sample box or drawing the soil sample box, and a water draining valve is arranged at the bottom of the water tank.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages:
1) Clay samples of different intensities can be prepared according to the needs of the study.
2) The adhesive force measurement of the dredging cutter teeth and clay under two different environments on water and under water can be carried out.
3) The main factors influencing the adhesion force between the dredging cutter teeth and clay and the optimal combination for reducing the adhesion force can be distinguished through the measurement results of different factor combinations, so that the research, development and manufacture of the novel dredging cutter teeth are guided.
4) The device has the advantages of simple structure, easy transformation, strong reliability, wide applicability and low cost.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate and explain the present application and do not constitute an undue limitation on the present application. The drawings are as follows:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multifunctional device for measuring the adhesion force between a dredging cutter tooth and clay and optimizing the cutter tooth according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the multifunctional apparatus for dredging cutter tooth and clay adhesion determination and cutter tooth optimization shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1C-C;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a consolidated soil sample box provided in an embodiment of the present application.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a base, 2, a water tank, 3, a dowel bar, 4, a cylinder, 5, a loading reaction frame, 6, a pressurizing plate, 7, a drawing soil sample box, 8, a dredging cutter tooth metal test plate, 9, a drawing pressure sensor, 10, a stop lever, 11, a roller bracket, 12, a roller, 13, a trolley, 14, a vertical pulling plate, 15, a horizontal pulling plate, 16, a transmission shaft, 17, a track, 18, a servo motor, 19, a drainage valve, 20, a computer control system, 21, a steel plate, 22, a hoop, 23 and a water permeable plate.
Detailed Description
The present application is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited to the examples described below.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the multifunctional device for measuring the adhesion force between a dredging cutter tooth and clay and optimizing the cutter tooth comprises a base 1, a water tank 2, a loading mechanism, a consolidation soil sample box, a drawing soil sample box 7, a drawing mechanism, a drawing pressure sensor 9 and a computer control system 20.
The water tank 2 is arranged on the base 1; the drawing soil sample box 7 is arranged in the water tank 2 and is used for containing soil samples; the drawing mechanism comprises a dredging cutter tooth metal test plate 8, and the dredging cutter tooth metal test plate 8 is arranged in a drawing soil sample box 7 and used for carrying out drawing test on a soil sample; the pulling and pressing sensor 9 is connected with the dredging cutter tooth metal test plate 8 and used for collecting the pulling force in real time; the concretion soil sample box is arranged in the water tank 2 and is used for manufacturing soil samples with different intensities; the loading mechanism is used for applying vertical load to the consolidated soil sample box and the drawing soil sample box 7; the computer control system 20 is respectively connected with the loading mechanism, the drawing mechanism and the drawing pressure sensor 9, and is used for controlling the pressure applied by the loading mechanism, controlling the drawing speed of the drawing mechanism, acquiring the drawing force acquired by the drawing pressure sensor 9, judging main factors influencing the adhesive force between the dredging cutter teeth and the soil sample, and optimizing out the optimal test condition combination for reducing the adhesive force.
Further, the concretion soil sample box can be taken out from the water tank 2, and comprises a steel plate 21, a hoop 22 and a water permeable plate 23, wherein the steel plate 21 is assembled to form a detachable movable device through the hoop 22, so that the soil sample can be conveniently loaded and taken out, and the water permeable plate 23 is arranged at the periphery and the bottom of the movable device, so that the water in the soil sample can be discharged.
Further, the drawing soil sample box 7 is a movable device, and the sample can be taken out from the water tank 2. Further, a horizontal opening is formed in the drawing soil sample box 7, and the opening is used for placing a dredging cutter tooth metal test plate 8.
Further, the water tank 2 is made of transparent organic glass, a stop lever 10 is arranged at the inner bottom of the water tank 2, the stop lever 10 is used for fixedly solidifying the soil sample box or drawing the soil sample box 7, and a drain valve 19 is arranged at the bottom of one side of the water tank 2.
Further, the loading mechanism also comprises a dowel bar 3, an air cylinder 4, a loading reaction frame 5, a pressurizing plate 6 and an air compressor. The loading reaction frame 5 is arranged in the water tank 2 and is positioned above the position of the concretion soil sample box or the drawing soil sample box 7, the cylinder 4 is arranged above the loading reaction frame 5, the cylinder 4 is connected with the air compressor, the bottom of the cylinder 4 is connected with the pressure plate 6 which is horizontally arranged through the vertically arranged dowel steel 3, the pressure plate 6 is positioned above the position of the concretion soil sample box or the drawing soil sample box 7, the size of the pressure plate is the same as the size of the top surface of the concretion soil sample box 7 and the soil sample contained in the concretion soil sample box, and the set vertical pressure is sequentially applied to the concretion soil sample box or the soil sample in the drawing soil sample box 7 through the movement of the piston in the cylinder 4 through the dowel steel 3 and the pressure plate 6.
Further, the drawing mechanism also comprises a dredging cutter tooth metal test plate 8, a roller bracket 11, a roller 12, a trolley 13, a vertical pulling plate 14, a horizontal pulling plate 15, a transmission shaft 16, a track 17 and a servo motor 18. Two rails 17 are fixedly arranged on the top of the water tank 2, the two rails 17 can be respectively arranged at the front and rear edges of the top of the water tank 2, and meanwhile, the trolley 13 is movably arranged on the rails 17; the servo motor 18 is also arranged at the top of the water tank 2, and the servo motor 18 is connected with the trolley 13 through a transmission shaft 16 and drives the trolley 13 to move on the track 17; meanwhile, the vertical pulling plate 14 is connected with the bottom of the trolley 13, one end of the horizontal pulling plate 15 is connected with the vertical pulling plate 14, the other end of the horizontal pulling plate 15 is connected with the dredging cutter tooth metal test plate 8, and the dredging cutter tooth metal test plate 8 and the horizontal pulling plate 15 are positioned at the same horizontal position.
Further, two groups of roller brackets are symmetrically arranged in the bottom in the water tank 2, each group of roller brackets comprises two roller brackets 11, an upper roller 12 and a lower roller 12 are arranged on each roller bracket 11, the distance between the upper roller 12 and the lower roller 12 is equal to the thickness of the transverse pulling plate 15, and the front side and the rear side of the transverse pulling plate 15 are respectively penetrated between the upper roller 12 and the lower roller 12 of the roller brackets 11. In the drawing test, the horizontal movement of the horizontal pulling plate 15 can be ensured because the horizontal pulling plate 15 passes through the middle of the upper roller 12 and the lower roller 12.
Further, the horizontal pulling plate 15 can be connected with the vertical pulling plate 14 through bolts, and the installation height of the horizontal pulling plate 15 is adjustable; specifically, the roller bracket 11 may be provided with a mounting hole, the roller 12 is mounted on the roller bracket 11 through the mounting hole, and the mounting hole on the roller bracket 11 has a certain length, so that the height of the roller 12 is convenient to adjust.
Further, the tension and compression sensor 9 has a waterproof function, is mounted on the transverse pulling plate 15, is connected with the computer control system 20, and collects the pulling force in real time through the computer control system 20.
Further, the computer control system 20 is further connected to the air compressor and the servo motor 18, respectively, and is used for controlling the vertical pressure applied by the loading mechanism through the air compressor and controlling the drawing speed of the dredging cutter tooth metal test plate 8 through the servo motor 18.
In the application, the rotation of the servo motor 18 is converted into the translation of the trolley 13 through the transmission shaft 16, and the translation of the dredging cutter tooth metal test plate 8 is driven by the vertical pull plate 14 and the horizontal pull plate 15 to finish the drawing test. During the drawing process, the vertical pressure and the drawing speed are controlled by the computer control system 20.
Further, the computer control system 20 is provided with orthogonal test analysis software for judging the optimal combination of the main factors influencing the adhesion between the dredging cutter tooth metal plate and the clay and reducing the adhesion according to the measurement results of the tangential adhesion between the dredging cutter tooth metal test plate 8 and the clay under different overlying loads, different running speeds, different materials and different roughness under the atmospheric or water immersion environments.
It is noted that the orthogonal test analysis software adopted in the present application is the prior art and is not the innovation of the present application.
The working process of the device is as follows:
1) Fixing the spliced steel plates 21 of the consolidated soil sample box through hoops 22 to finish splicing of the consolidated soil sample box;
2) The water permeable plate 23 is placed in the consolidated soil sample box, and the soil for preparing samples is placed in the consolidated soil sample box. The soil sample box is fixed on the inner bottom of the water tank 2 through the stop lever 10, the soil sample is pressurized, drained and solidified, and the vertical pressure is controlled through the computer control system 20;
3) Taking out the consolidated soil sample box after the soil sample is consolidated, and taking out the soil sample after the soil sample box is disassembled;
4) Cutting the soil sample according to the size of the drawing soil sample box 7 and the placement position of the dredging cutter tooth metal test plate 8;
5) Filling half of the cut soil sample into a drawing soil sample box 7, wherein the soil sample just reaches the position of an opening reserved on the drawing soil sample box 7 and used for placing a dredging cutter tooth metal test plate 8, placing the dredging cutter tooth metal test plate 8, and then continuously filling the other half of the cut soil sample;
6) Fixing the drawing soil sample box 7 filled with the soil samples on the base 1 through a stop lever 10 to prevent the drawing soil sample box from moving;
7) Connecting the dredging cutter tooth metal plate 8 with a transverse pulling plate 15, installing rollers 12 on a roller bracket 11 according to the height of the transverse pulling plate 15, and then connecting the transverse pulling plate 14 with a vertical pulling plate 15 through bolts;
8) According to the test condition requirements, determining whether to inject water into the transparent organic glass water tank 2, if a water environment test is carried out, injecting water, and if an atmospheric environment test is carried out, not injecting water; applying a certain overlying load to the soil sample through the cylinder 4 according to different excavation conditions;
9) The drawing speed is input by the computer control system 20 and then the test is started. In the test process, the tension is measured by the tension sensor 9, and the data is automatically acquired by the computer control system 20;
10 Testing to determine tangential adhesion between the dredging cutter tooth metal test plate 8 and clay under the conditions of different overlying loads, different running speeds, different materials and different roughness, and collecting data in real time; and then, the main factors influencing the adhesion between the dredging cutter teeth and clay and the optimal combination for reducing the adhesion are judged by adopting an orthogonal test analysis method according to the measurement results of the different factor combinations, so that the research, development and manufacture of the novel dredging cutter teeth are guided.
According to the multifunctional device, under the atmospheric environment, the test of the tangential adhesion force of the dredging cutter tooth metal test plate (material 1: medium-low carbon alloy steel, material 2: common cast iron, material 3: high-chromium cast iron) with different coating pressures (pressure 1:60kPa, pressure 2:110kPa, pressure 3:150 kPa) and different drawing speeds (speed 1:1cm/s, speed 2:4cm/s, speed 3:8 cm/s) and clay is carried out according to the operation flow.
And drawing an orthogonal test analysis table according to test results by an orthogonal test analysis method, and judging the optimal combination of main factors influencing the adhesion between the dredging cutter tooth metal test plate and clay and reducing the adhesion.
Orthogonal test analysis table
The orthogonal test analysis shows that the factor which has the greatest influence on the adhesion between the dredging cutter teeth and clay under the test condition is the metal material of the dredging cutter teeth, the coating pressure and the drawing speed; the combination with the lowest adhesion is dredging cutter tooth metal material 3 (high chromium cast iron), coating pressure 2 (110 kPa), and drawing speed 2 (4 cm/s).
In summary, the multifunctional device of the present application has the following main functions:
1) Clay samples of different intensities were prepared as required by the study.
2) The adhesive force between the dredging cutter tooth metal test plate and clay can be measured in the atmospheric environment and the water environment.
3) The simulation of stress states under different excavation conditions can be realized.
4) The adhesive force between the metal test plate of the dredging cutter tooth and clay can be measured.
5) The adhesive force between the dredging cutter tooth metal test plate and clay can be measured at different drawing speeds.
6) The adhesive force between the metal test plates of the dredging cutter teeth with different roughness and clay can be measured.
7) Aiming at a target soil body, carrying out the combination test of 1) to 6), judging main factors influencing the adhesion force between the dredging cutter teeth and clay according to the measurement results of different factor combinations, and determining the optimal combination for reducing the adhesion force, thereby guiding the research, development and manufacture of novel dredging cutter teeth.
The above description is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way. Any alterations or modifications of the above disclosed technology by those of ordinary skill in the art should be considered equivalent and valid embodiments, which fall within the scope of the present application.
Claims (6)
1. A multifunctional device for dredging cutter teeth and clay adhesion force measurement and cutter teeth optimization is characterized in that: comprises a base (1), a water tank (2), a loading mechanism, a consolidated soil sample box, a drawing soil sample box (7), a drawing mechanism, a drawing and pressing sensor (9) and a computer control system (20);
wherein the water tank (2) is arranged on the base (1); the concretion soil sample box is detachably arranged in the water tank (2) and is used for manufacturing soil samples with different intensities; the drawing soil sample box is detachably arranged in the water tank (2) and is used for containing the soil samples; the loading mechanism is arranged above the water tank (2) and is used for applying vertical load to the concretion soil sample box and the drawing soil sample box (7); the drawing mechanism comprises a dredging cutter tooth metal test plate (8), and the dredging cutter tooth metal test plate (8) is arranged in the drawing soil sample box (7) in a penetrating way and is used for carrying out drawing test on the soil sample; the pulling and pressing sensor (9) is connected with the dredging cutter tooth metal test plate (8) and is used for collecting the pulling force in real time; the computer control system (20) is respectively connected with the loading mechanism, the drawing mechanism and the drawing pressure sensor (9) and is used for controlling the vertical pressure applied by the loading mechanism, controlling the drawing speed of the drawing mechanism and acquiring the drawing force acquired by the drawing pressure sensor (9);
the loading mechanism comprises a dowel bar (3), an air cylinder (4), a loading reaction frame (5), a pressurizing plate (6) and an air compressor;
the loading counter-force frame (5) is arranged on the water tank (2) and connected with the air cylinder (4), the air cylinder (4) is connected with the air compressor, meanwhile, the bottom of the air cylinder (4) is connected with the pressurizing plate (6) through the dowel bar (3), the pressurizing plate (6) is positioned above the position of the concretion soil sample box or the drawing soil sample box (7), and the size of the pressurizing plate (6) is the same as the size of the drawing soil sample box (7) and the upper top surface of a soil sample filled in the concretion soil sample box;
the air compressor is connected with the computer control system (20), and the computer control system (20) controls the vertical pressure applied by the air cylinder (4) to the concretion soil sample box or the soil sample in the drawing soil sample box (7);
the drawing mechanism also comprises a roller bracket (11), rollers (12), a trolley (13), a vertical drawing plate (14), a horizontal drawing plate (15), a transmission shaft (16), a track (17) and a servo motor (18);
two rails (17) are arranged at the top of the water tank (2), a trolley (13) is movably arranged on the two rails (17), and a servo motor (18) is connected with the trolley (13) through a transmission shaft (16) and can drive the trolley (13) to move on the rails (17); the bottom of the trolley (13) is connected with a vertical pulling plate (14), the vertical pulling plate (14) is connected with a horizontal pulling plate (15) which is horizontally arranged, the horizontal pulling plate (15) is connected with a dredging cutter tooth metal test plate (8), and the horizontal pulling plate (15) and the dredging cutter tooth metal test plate (8) are positioned at the same horizontal position;
the rotation of the servo motor (18) is converted into the translation of the trolley (13) through the transmission shaft (16), and the dredging cutter tooth metal test plate (8) is driven by the vertical pulling plate (14) and the horizontal pulling plate (15) to carry out a drawing test on the soil sample in the drawing soil sample box (7); the servo motor (18) is also connected with the computer control system (20), and the drawing speed of the dredging cutter tooth metal test plate (8) is controlled by the computer control system (20);
the inner bottom of the water tank (2) is provided with two groups of roller brackets, each group of roller brackets is provided with an upper row of rollers and a lower row of rollers with adjustable height, the upper row of rollers and the lower row of rollers are horizontally arranged, the distance between the upper row of rollers and the lower row of rollers (12) is equal to the thickness of the transverse pulling plate (15), and two sides of the transverse pulling plate (15) are respectively and movably penetrated between the upper row of rollers and the lower row of rollers (12);
the roller bracket is provided with a mounting hole, and the roller is mounted on the roller bracket through the mounting hole; meanwhile, the mounting hole has a certain length so as to adjust the mounting height of the roller.
2. The multifunctional device for dredging cutter teeth and clay adhesion determination and cutter teeth optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that: the computer control system (20) is internally provided with orthogonal test analysis software for judging the main factors influencing the adhesion between the dredging cutter tooth metal plate and clay and the optimal combination for reducing the adhesion according to the measurement results of tangential adhesion between the dredging cutter tooth metal test plate and clay under different overlying loads, different running speeds, different materials and different roughness conditions in the atmosphere or in a water immersion environment.
3. Multifunctional device for dredging cutter teeth and clay adhesion determination and cutter tooth optimization according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the pulling and pressing sensor (9) is arranged on the transverse pulling plate (15) and connected with the computer control system (20), and the pulling force is acquired in real time through the computer control system (20).
4. Multifunctional device for dredging cutter teeth and clay adhesion determination and cutter tooth optimization according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the drawing soil sample box (7) is provided with a horizontal opening for placing a dredging cutter tooth metal test plate (8) for carrying out drawing test on the soil sample.
5. Multifunctional device for dredging cutter teeth and clay adhesion determination and cutter tooth optimization according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the consolidated soil sample box comprises a steel plate (21), a hoop (22) and a water permeable plate (23);
the steel plates (21) are assembled through the hoops (22) to form a detachable movable device, and the periphery and the bottom of the movable device are provided with water permeable plates (23) to form a consolidated soil sample box.
6. Multifunctional device for dredging cutter teeth and clay adhesion determination and cutter tooth optimization according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: a stop lever (10) is arranged at the inner bottom of the water tank (2) and is used for fixing a fixed soil sample box or drawing the soil sample box (7).
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| CN112730231B (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2022-10-14 | 中铁十四局集团大盾构工程有限公司 | Test device and determination method for measuring tangential adhesion of soil and solid interface |
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