CN112970783B - Composite bait agent of artemisia sieversiana crude extract and metarhizium anisopliae for preventing and treating locusts asiaticus and application of composite bait agent - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural biology, and particularly relates to a composite bait agent of artemisia sieversiana crude extract and metarhizium anisopliae for controlling locusts asiatic and application thereof. The composite bait comprises 10% or 20% of artemisia sieversiana extract and 10%⁷The growth rate of the Asian dolly locust is reduced by feeding the bio-control preparation mixed by the artemisia sieversiana extract and the metarhizium anisopliae per gram of the metarhizium anisopliae, and the growth rate of the Asian dolly locust has good lethal efficiency. The artemisia sieversiana extractive and the metarhizium anisopliae are mixed and applied, so that the synergistic effect is remarkable in insecticidal effect on the locusts asiatic, and the growth and development of the locusts asiatic are inhibited.

Description

Composite bait agent of artemisia sieversiana crude extract and metarhizium anisopliae for preventing and treating locusts asiaticus and application of composite bait agent

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of biological control, and particularly relates to a composite bait agent of artemisia sieversiana crude extract and metarhizium anisopliae for controlling locusts asiatic and application thereof.

Background

Asian locusts are the dominant locusts in grasslands in northern China, and are fed by gramineae plants, so that the generation quantity is large, and serious loss is caused to the ecological environment and agricultural production of grasslands in China. In recent years, with the increasing trend of global warming, locusts with high density appear frequently, the risk of long-distance migratory flight is intensified, and the national inner Mongolia grassland and a large number of gramineous crops are seriously threatened. At present, the control of grassland pests still mainly uses chemical pesticides, great hidden dangers are brought to the ecological environment of grasslands, and a novel green pollution-free method for controlling Asian dolly locusts is urgently needed to be developed for establishing green control of the grassland pests.

The Artemisia sieversia sieversiana is an annual or perennial herbaceous plant of Artemisia of Compositae, is widely distributed in Mongolian areas in China, has extremely rich resources, and has less research on insecticidal activity and synergism on fungal insecticides at present.

The Metarhizium anisopliae is used as a common biological pesticide, has the advantages of wide host range, strong pathogenicity, no toxicity to people, livestock and crops, no residue, long lasting period and the like, and has wide application prospect. However, since the fungal preparation is a living spore, screening of the plant-derived active substance with insecticidal activity has a synergistic effect on metarhizium anisopliae, so that the locust quantity can be effectively controlled in a short time, which is a problem to be solved in agriculture.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a biocontrol agent for controlling Asian locusts.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide the use of the above biocontrol agent.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the biocontrol preparation for controlling Asian locusts comprises the artemisia sieversiana extract with the mass concentration of 10% or 20% and 10%⁷Each gram of the spores is of the metarhizium anisopliae,

wherein the artemisia sieversiana extract is prepared by the following steps:

cutting the artemisia sieversiana into small segments, and mixing the small segments according to the mass ratio of distilled water to the artemisia sieversiana of 1: 9 or 2: 8 to 10 percent or 20 percent, placing the mixture into an autoclave to be treated at a high temperature of 120 ℃ for 30min, heating the mixture, taking out the mixture, cooling the mixture to room temperature, and filtering the plant residues.

According to the biocontrol agent for controlling Asian dolly locust, the metarhizium anisopliae is metarhizium anisopliae IPPM 202.

The biocontrol agent for controlling Asian locusts according to the embodiment of the invention further comprises vegetable oil and wheat bran.

The invention also provides application of the biocontrol agent in preventing and treating Asian locusts.

The invention also provides a method for controlling the Asian locusts, which comprises the step of using the biocontrol agent for controlling the Asian locusts to control the Asian locusts.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the artemisia sieversiana extractive and the metarhizium anisopliae are mixed at the same time, so that the growth and development of locusts are effectively inhibited, and a good control effect is achieved. The biocontrol agent can improve the lethal effect of the metarhizium anisopliae on the acremon asiaticus under the synergistic effect of the artemisia megacephalum extract, wherein the acremon asiaticus accounts for 20 percent of the artemisia megacephalum and 10 percent of the metarhizium anisopliae⁷Under the action of the concentration mixture, the death rate is 80%, and the growth rate is reduced by more than 4.0 mg/head. The artemisia sieversiana extract and the metarhizium anisopliae act synergistically, so that the acting force is effectively improved, and the control effect on the locusts in Asia is greatly improved.

Detailed Description

1. Source of test insects

Asian locusts used in the test are collected from the Haitian Stachys grassland and are raised in an insect cage at room temperature. The breeding conditions are as follows: the temperature is 30 +/-2 ℃, the humidity is 60%, and the illumination time and the dark time are 16h and 8 h. The animals were raised with fresh K.kirschner wire using an insect cage (100 cm. times.100 cm).

2. Test strains

The Metarrhizium anisopliae is inoculated on a PDAY culture medium (200 g of potatoes, 20g of agar, 20g of cane sugar, 5g of yeast powder and 1000mL of water), cultured for 14 days at 25 ℃, scraped off conidia, dried and stored at 4 ℃.

3. Preparation of crude extract of artemisia sieversiana

Extracting a crude plant extract by adopting a water extraction method: cutting the fresh plant material artemisia sieversiana into small sections of about 1cm, putting the small sections into a conical flask, and mixing the small sections according to the mass ratio of distilled water to the artemisia sieversiana as 1: 9 or 2: 8 adding distilled water, and placing into autoclave for high temperature treatment at 120 deg.C for 30 min; the artemisia sieversiana is provided with two aqueous extracts with the concentration of 10% and 20%; heating, cooling to room temperature, and filtering to obtain plant residue.

Example 1 lethal action of single and mixed dose of Artemisia sieboldii and Metarrhizium anisopliae

Starvation treatment is carried out on 4-year-old nymphs of field collected locusts asiaticus for 24h in advance, 20 healthy locusts asiaticus (male-female ratio is 1: 1) are picked and placed into a sterile plastic basket, and each treatment is repeated for 5 times. Dipping 10% and 20% of the crude extract of the artemisia scoparia with a writing brush respectively, and uniformly coating the artemisia scoparia on the kirschner pin for feeding, wherein water is used as a blank control; gradient concentration of Metarrhizium anisopliae 10⁶,10⁷,10⁸(spores/g) was mixed with 5mg wheat bran and fed (table 1), 24h later with fresh k's pin thatch, data were observed and recorded, and the experiment was in one week. The experiment was performed in a 16L:8D lower chamber at 30 ℃ and repeated three times. Mortality was recorded daily for each treatment as shown in table 2.

TABLE 1 treatment Components and concentrations

Note: the bait is sterile testa Tritici containing 5% vegetable oil

TABLE 2 mortality of Asian locusts (%) -on each treatment

As can be seen from Table 2, the mortality rates of Asian locusta migratoria ranges over 50% after the combined treatment of the artemisia scoparia and the Metarrhizium anisopliae, which is significantly higher than the control and the treatment group using the artemisia scoparia alone. In addition, the concentration of mugwort 20% and 10% and that of Metarrhizium anisopliae 10⁷The death rate after the concentration common treatment is higher than 80 percent and is obviously higher than 10 percent of that of the single use of the Metarrhizium anisopliae⁷Mortality of concentration treatment; the concentration of the artemisia sieversiana 20% and 10% and that of the Metarrhizium anisopliae 10%⁸The death rate after the concentration co-treatment is lower than 10 of that of the metarhizium anisopliae alone⁸Mortality of concentration treatment; while the concentration of the artemisia sieversiana 20 percent and 10 percent is equal to that of the Metarrhizium anisopliae 10 percent⁶The death rate after the concentration co-treatment is obviously lower than that of the single-use Metarrhizium anisopliae 10⁶Mortality of concentration treatment. Thus, 10% and 20% of Artemisia sieversiana and Metarrhizium anisopliae 10% in the present invention⁷The concentration is mixed for use, and the high lethal effect of the synergistic effect on the locusts in Asia is obtained.

TABLE 3 growth rates of locusts in Asia after treatment

As can be seen from the analysis of the table 3, the single use of the artemisia sieversiana and the mixed preparation has obvious inhibition effect on the growth rate of the locusts, while the single use of the metarhizium anisopliae has promotion effect on the growth rate of the locusts. 20% of artemisia sieversiana and 10% of metarhizium anisopliae⁷The concentration mixing treatment has the highest inhibition effect on the growth rate of locusts asiaticus, namely-4.43 mg/head, 20 percent of artemisia sieversiana and 10 percent of metarhizium anisopliae⁶And 10⁸The growth rate inhibition effect of the concentration mixed treatment on the locusts asiaticus is also obviously higher than that of the control group and the single use of the artemisia sieversiana and the metarhizium anisopliae. This is achieved byIn addition, 10% of artemisia sieversiana and 10% of metarhizium anisopliae⁸The growth rate inhibition effect of the concentration mixed treatment on the locusta migratoria is obviously higher than that of a control group and the control group which uses the artemisia sieversiana or the metarhizium anisopliae alone, and the artemisia sieversiana and the metarhizium anisopliae account for 10 percent⁶And 10⁷The concentration mixed treatment also has an inhibitory effect on the growth rate of locusts in asia, while there is no significant difference from metarhizium anisopliae compared to the control and the use of artemisia sieversiana alone. Therefore, 20% of artemisia sieversiana and 10% of metarhizium anisopliae⁷The concentration mixing treatment has obvious effect on inhibiting the growth rate of locusts in Asia locusts.

Therefore, considering the lethal effect and the growth-inhibiting effect in combination, it is preferable to mix 20% of the artemisia sieversiana of the present invention with 10% of metarhizium anisopliae⁷The advantages of both parties can be combined by mixing and applying the concentration, on one hand, the slow death problem of the fungal pesticide can be solved, on the other hand, the use and pollution of the chemical pesticide can be reduced to a great extent, the problem of drug resistance of pests to the chemical pesticide is relieved, and therefore the purpose of green prevention and control is achieved.

Claims (5)

1. The compound bait for preventing and treating locusts asiatica is characterized by comprising 10% or 20% of artemisia sieversiana extract and 10% of artemisia sieversiana extract by mass concentration⁷Spore/g Metarrhizium anisopliae, wherein the artemisia sieversiana extract is prepared by the following steps:

cutting herba Artemisiae Scopariae into small pieces, adding distilled water, placing into autoclave, treating at high temperature for 30min, heating, cooling to room temperature, filtering to remove plant residue,

the metarhizium anisopliae is metarhizium anisopliae IPPM 202.

2. The composite bait for controlling locusts asiaticus according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of artemisia sieversiana to water is 2: 8 or 1: 9.

3. the composite bait for controlling locusts asia, according to claim 1, further comprising vegetable oil and wheat bran.

4. The use of the composite locusta asiatica bait according to claim 1 for controlling locusta asiatica.

5. A method for controlling locusta asiatica comprises using 10% or 20% by mass of artemisia sieversiana extract and 10% by mass of artemisia sieversiana extract⁷The method comprises the following steps of controlling Asian locusts by using spores/g Metarrhizium anisopliae, wherein the artemisia sieversiana extract is prepared by the following steps:

cutting herba Artemisiae Scopariae into small pieces, adding distilled water, placing into autoclave, treating at high temperature for 30min, heating, cooling to room temperature, filtering to remove plant residue,

the metarhizium anisopliae is metarhizium anisopliae IPPM 202.