CN112968580A - Rotor structure of built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor and design method - Google Patents
Rotor structure of built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor and design method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112968580A CN112968580A CN202110149501.6A CN202110149501A CN112968580A CN 112968580 A CN112968580 A CN 112968580A CN 202110149501 A CN202110149501 A CN 202110149501A CN 112968580 A CN112968580 A CN 112968580A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/28—Means for mounting or fastening rotating magnetic parts on to, or to, the rotor structures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/02—Details
- H02K21/021—Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux
- H02K21/022—Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux by modifying the relative position between field and armature, e.g. between rotor and stator
- H02K21/023—Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux by modifying the relative position between field and armature, e.g. between rotor and stator by varying the amount of superposition, i.e. the overlap, of field and armature
- H02K21/024—Radial air gap machines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
- H02K2201/03—Machines characterised by aspects of the air-gap between rotor and stator
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a rotor structure of a built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor and a design method, and belongs to the technical field of permanent magnet motors. A rotating shaft of the rotor structure penetrates through a central hole of the rotor core and is fixedly connected with the rotor core; the rotor core is evenly divided into even poles, a V-shaped magnetic barrier is arranged in each pole, a linear magnetic barrier is arranged in the middle of the V-shaped magnetic barrier, permanent magnet grooves are formed in the two sides of the V-shaped magnetic barrier and the center of the linear magnetic barrier, and permanent magnet blocks are arranged in the permanent magnet grooves. The center of an excircle formed by the V-shaped magnetic barriers in each pole is O, the point O is the center of the rotating shaft, the excircle of the rotor core of each pole is formed by five sections of arcs, and the distance between the center point of each section of arc and the point O is decreased from the middle arc to the two side arcs in an equivalent manner. The invention solves the problems of larger torque pulsation and higher back electromotive force of the existing built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor in the operation process, simultaneously reduces the harmonic content of air gap flux density, and improves the control precision of the motor, thereby realizing the stable and efficient operation of the motor and being better applied to the driving system of the electric automobile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of permanent magnet motors, and relates to a rotor structure of a built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor and a design method.
Background
In recent years, a permanent magnet synchronous motor has been widely used in the fields of industrial transmission systems, electric automobiles and the like due to its excellent performances such as high power density, high efficiency, light weight, small size, simple structure, wide speed regulation range and the like, and is gradually one of the mainstream driving motors.
The permanent magnet synchronous motor is divided into a built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor and a surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor. The built-in rotor structure can fully utilize reluctance torque generated by asymmetry of a rotor magnetic circuit, improve the power density of the motor, improve the dynamic performance of the motor compared with a surface-mounted rotor structure, and simplify the manufacturing process. In the field of electric vehicles, interior permanent magnet synchronous motors are mostly used.
In the rotor structure of the built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor, a V-shaped structure is very widely applied, but the output torque of the structure is small, and a V + I-shaped rotor structure is required to be adopted on occasions with requirements on the maximum output torque, but the output torque is improved, and meanwhile, the larger torque pulsation and the higher back electromotive force are the main defects of the V + I-shaped rotor structure, and when the structure is applied to certain high-performance systems such as an electric automobile driving system, the requirement on the stable operation of the system is difficult to meet, so that the technical problem of limiting the application and the development of the system is solved. Therefore, a method for effectively inhibiting the torque ripple and reducing the back electromotive force of the permanent magnet synchronous motor with the V + I type rotor structure is needed to be invented.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rotor structure of a built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor and a design method thereof, which are used for solving the problems of large torque pulsation and high back electromotive force of the existing built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor in the operation process, reducing the harmonic content of air gap flux density and improving the control precision of the motor, thereby realizing the stable and efficient operation of the motor and being better applied to a driving system of an electric automobile.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a rotor structure of a built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a rotating shaft, a rotor core and a permanent magnet block, wherein the rotor core is provided with a central hole, and the rotating shaft penetrates through the central hole of the rotor core and is fixedly connected with the rotor core; the rotor core is evenly divided into even poles, a V-shaped magnetic barrier is arranged in each pole, a linear magnetic barrier is arranged in the middle of the V-shaped magnetic barrier, symmetrical permanent magnet grooves are formed in two sides of the V-shaped magnetic barrier, a permanent magnet groove is formed in the center of the linear magnetic barrier, and permanent magnet blocks are arranged in the permanent magnet grooves; the center of an excircle formed by the V-shaped magnetic barriers in each pole is O, the point O is the center of the rotating shaft, the excircle of the rotor core of each pole is formed by five sections of arcs, and the distance between the center point of each section of arc and the point O is decreased from the middle arc to the two side arcs in an equivalent manner.
A design method of a rotor structure of a built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises the following steps:
the air gap can be enabled to be uneven by the aid of the arc with the different segmented radii on the rotor iron core, so that the flux density of the air gap is enabled to be closer to a sine waveform, harmonic content is reduced, torque pulsation of the motor is effectively inhibited, and counter electromotive force is properly reduced.
The first step is as follows: each pole of the rotor structure is divided into five parts according to the central angle, the distance between the midpoint of each part and the center O decreases from the middle to two sides in equal quantity, the two sides are symmetrical, and the distance between the midpoint of the first step of the central part and the O is R1The distance R between the midpoint of the second step and O from inside to outside is decreased by the same amount2Expressed as:
distance R between third step midpoint from inside to outside and O3Expressed as:
in the formula: h is the difference between the distance between the first step midpoint and the O and the distance between the third step midpoint and the O;
when the distance between the midpoint of the outermost step and the distance O is selected, the width of the motor magnetic bridge is ensured to meet the strength requirement.
The second step is that: and drawing an arc by taking the distance between the middle point of each step and the center O as a radius and the center O as a circle center, intersecting the straight line which equally divides each pole according to the central angle to form intersection points at two sides, selecting the intersection points at the two sides as the starting and ending points of the step arc, and connecting five sections of arcs to form the outer contour of the rotor.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the motor adopts an uneven air gap structure of a rotor outer side subsection circular arc, the sine degree of air gap magnetic density in the motor is improved, the air gap magnetic density waveform is optimized, and the harmonic content is reduced.
2. The problem of torque pulsation of a V + I type rotor structure of the built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor is effectively solved, the torque pulsation is obviously reduced, and the motor can be ensured to run more stably and efficiently in an electric transmission system.
3. The back electromotive force of the motor is reduced, and the requirement on the rated voltage of the motor can be reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural view of a rotor of a permanent magnet motor according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a structure diagram of one sixth rotor of the permanent magnet motor of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of one-sixth of a conventional rotor of a permanent magnet motor.
In the figure: 1 a first step; 2 a second step; 3 a third step; 4, air gaps between the stator and the rotor of the motor; 5 permanent magnet blocks; o is the center of the rotating shaft; point a is the midpoint of the first step; point B is the midpoint of the second step; point C is the midpoint of the third step; rsIs the stator inner diameter; rrIs the outer diameter of the rotor; r1Is the distance between the midpoint of the first step and O; r2Is the distance between the midpoint of the second step and O; r3Is the distance between the midpoint of the third step and O; h is the difference between the distance between the first step midpoint and the distance between the third step midpoint and the distance between the first step midpoint and the third step midpoint.
Detailed Description
In order that the present invention may be more readily and clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention briefly described above will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments that are illustrated in the appended drawings.
The permanent magnet motor is a 6-pole 54-slot built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the inner diameter R of a stator of the motors73.5mm, rotor outer diameter RrThe length of the motor air gap is 72.7mm, and the length g of the motor air gap is 0.8 mm.
As shown in fig. 3, the structure of the rotor of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is the conventional structure, that is, the outer contour of the rotor is only formed by a section of circular arc with the point O as the center of circle, and the air gaps between the stator and the rotor are uniform. The stator winding is electrified with 200A current, under the condition that the internal power factor angle is 50 degrees, the maximum value of the electromagnetic torque is 151.09N m, the minimum value is 137.28N m, the average torque is 143.11N m, the torque ripple reaches 9.65 percent, and the counter potential is 261.62V.
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the permanent magnet motor of the invention is a 6-pole 54-slot built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the inner diameter R of the stator of the motorsSelecting the distance R between the midpoint of the center step of the motor and the distance O as 73.5mm1And determining that the difference h between the distance from the center point of the central step to the O and the distance from the center point of the outermost step to the O is 1mm according to the relevant parameters of the motor, wherein the distance from the center point of each step to the O is decreased from the center to both sides equally. The other parameters of the motor are thus determined as follows:
the included angle between each step boundary point and the O connecting line
The distance from the center point of each step to the O is decreased from the center to both sides equally, and then the distance from the center point of the second step from the center to the outside to the O is decreased
Distance from center to center of third step toward outside
Similarly, when the stator winding is energized with a current of 200A and the internal power factor angle is 50 °, the maximum electromagnetic torque is 140.29N · m, the minimum electromagnetic torque is 132.36N · m, the average torque is 136.20N · m, and the torque ripple is reduced to 5.82%.
Table 1 shows the comparison of the motor performance between the conventional rotor structure and the rotor structure of the present invention, and it can be seen that the average torque value is slightly decreased and the percentage of torque ripple is reduced from 9.65% to 5.83%. The air gap flux density fundamental wave content is improved by 3 percent compared with the original air gap flux density fundamental wave content, which shows that the content of other higher harmonics is reduced, the counter potential is reduced by 5.43 percent, and various properties of the motor are obviously improved.
TABLE 1 comparison of the main properties of two rotor configurations
The built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor structure can effectively inhibit the torque pulsation of a motor, improve the fundamental wave content of air gap flux density, reduce harmonic wave components, improve the sine degree of the air gap flux density and reduce back electromotive force. The method has important significance for improving the control precision of the motor and being better applied to electric transmission systems of electric automobiles and the like.
Claims (2)
1. The rotor structure of the built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor is characterized by comprising a rotating shaft, a rotor core and a permanent magnet block, wherein the rotor core is provided with a central hole, and the rotating shaft penetrates through the central hole of the rotor core and is fixedly connected with the rotor core; the rotor core is evenly divided into even poles, a V-shaped magnetic barrier is arranged in each pole, a linear magnetic barrier is arranged in the middle of the V-shaped magnetic barrier, symmetrical permanent magnet grooves are formed in two sides of the V-shaped magnetic barrier, a permanent magnet groove is formed in the center of the linear magnetic barrier, and permanent magnet blocks are arranged in the permanent magnet grooves; the center of an excircle formed by the V-shaped magnetic barriers in each pole is O, the point O is the center of the rotating shaft, the excircle of the rotor core of each pole is formed by five sections of arcs, and the distance between the center point of each section of arc and the point O is decreased from the middle arc to the two side arcs in an equivalent manner.
2. The method for designing a rotor structure of an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
the first step is as follows: each pole of the rotor structure is divided into five parts according to the central angle, the distance between the midpoint of each part and the center O decreases from the middle to two sides in equal quantity, the two sides are symmetrical, and the distance between the midpoint of the first step of the central part and the O is R1The distance R between the midpoint of the second step and O from inside to outside is decreased by the same amount2Expressed as:
distance R between third step midpoint from inside to outside and O3Expressed as:
in the formula: h is the difference between the distance between the first step midpoint and the O and the distance between the third step midpoint and the O;
when the distance between the midpoint of the outermost step and the distance O is selected, the width of the motor magnetic bridge is required to meet the strength requirement;
the second step is that: and drawing an arc by taking the distance between the midpoint of each step and the O as the radius and the O as the center of the circle, intersecting the straight line which equally divides each pole according to the central angle to form intersection points at two sides, selecting the intersection points at the two sides as the starting and ending points of the step arc, and connecting the five sections of arcs to form the rotor outer contour.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110149501.6A CN112968580A (en) | 2021-02-03 | 2021-02-03 | Rotor structure of built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor and design method |
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| CN202110149501.6A CN112968580A (en) | 2021-02-03 | 2021-02-03 | Rotor structure of built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor and design method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114142688A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-03-04 | 常州工学院 | Reluctance motor magnetic barrier end deflection method for inhibiting torque pulsation |
| CN114400804A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-04-26 | 中车永济电机有限公司 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor structure with low torque fluctuation |
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| CN110365180A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-10-22 | 宁波华表机械制造有限公司 | A kind of oblique magnetic pole type permanent magnet synchronous motor |
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| JP2020054189A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2020-04-02 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Rotor, motor, and compressor |
| CN111525758A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-08-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Improved design method of built-in permanent magnet motor rotor magnetic field suitable for industrialization |
| CN211606216U (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-09-29 | 无锡众联能创动力科技有限公司 | Built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor with auxiliary groove formed in outer surface of rotor |
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2021
- 2021-02-03 CN CN202110149501.6A patent/CN112968580A/en active Pending
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| JP2005261024A (en) * | 2004-03-10 | 2005-09-22 | Hitachi Ltd | Permanent magnet rotating electric machine and electric vehicle using it |
| US20100166575A1 (en) * | 2006-04-24 | 2010-07-01 | Fujitsu General Limited | Magnet Embedded Rotor, Electric Motor Using the Same Rotor, and Compressor Using the Same Motor |
| JP2008278553A (en) * | 2007-04-25 | 2008-11-13 | Toshiba Industrial Products Manufacturing Corp | Rotor of rotating electric machine and rotating electric machine |
| CN101669266A (en) * | 2007-05-07 | 2010-03-10 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Permanent magnet buried type electric motor |
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| CN109742879A (en) * | 2019-02-02 | 2019-05-10 | 宁波安信数控技术有限公司 | A kind of rotor structure for permanent magnet motor |
| CN110365180A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-10-22 | 宁波华表机械制造有限公司 | A kind of oblique magnetic pole type permanent magnet synchronous motor |
| CN110752685A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-02-04 | 华为技术有限公司 | Rotor iron chip, rotor iron core, rotor, permanent magnet synchronous motor and related products |
| CN211606216U (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-09-29 | 无锡众联能创动力科技有限公司 | Built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor with auxiliary groove formed in outer surface of rotor |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114142688A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-03-04 | 常州工学院 | Reluctance motor magnetic barrier end deflection method for inhibiting torque pulsation |
| CN114400804A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-04-26 | 中车永济电机有限公司 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor structure with low torque fluctuation |
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