CN112968479B - Power system dispatching operation method considering P2X variable working condition characteristics - Google Patents
Power system dispatching operation method considering P2X variable working condition characteristics Download PDFInfo
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- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/466—Scheduling the operation of the generators, e.g. connecting or disconnecting generators to meet a given demand
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- H02J3/144—Demand-response operation of the power transmission or distribution network
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- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
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- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
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- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/50—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads
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Abstract
The invention discloses a power system dispatching operation method considering P2X variable working condition characteristics, which comprises the following steps: 1) Analyzing the operating characteristics of the P2X variable working condition and carrying out linear modeling; 2) Establishing power system operation constraint considering P2X variable working condition characteristics; 3) Embedding P2X variable working condition operation constraints into a power system scheduling operation optimization model, and solving; 4) And determining a scheduling operation scheme of the power system by solving the optimization model. The method can effectively describe the actual operation condition of the P2X in the power system, so that the operation scheduling strategy gives consideration to the P2X variable working condition characteristics and the optimal economic output requirement of the generator set, the analysis capability of the high-proportion renewable energy power system is improved, and the support is provided for the scheduling operation of the high-proportion renewable energy power system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric power system dispatching operation, relates to an electric power system dispatching operation method, and particularly relates to an electric power system dispatching operation method considering P2X variable working condition characteristics.
Background
The large-scale grid connection of renewable energy sources is an important trend of the development of a future power system, the problem of electricity abandonment of the renewable energy sources of a high-proportion renewable energy source system is serious, and the promotion of the consumption level of the renewable energy sources is a key scientific problem of the power system. The P2X (Power to X) technology replaces the traditional industrial production depending on fossil energy through electrification in the chemical industry, and various inorganic and organic raw materials and fuels (X) are prepared from electric energy generated by clean energy, so that a way of large-scale consumption of renewable energy such as wind, light and the like is hopefully provided while the carbon emission is reduced. Therefore, modeling studies considering P2X operating characteristics are an important issue for future power system dispatch operation analysis.
P2X technology is currently receiving a great deal of attention worldwide. In the research aspect of cooperative operation scheduling of P2X and an electric power system, current researchers have developed a certain degree of research aiming at the aspects of a day-ahead scheduling method of an electric-to-gas system considering the operation characteristics of electrolysis water and methanation, an electric-heat-wind coupling scheduling strategy in an auxiliary mode of an electric heat pump and a gas boiler, and the like. However, these researches are less oriented to multi-type P2X technologies, and analysis and research for variable working condition characteristics of different types of P2X in the power system are not sufficient in consideration of factors such as ambient temperature, so that the influence of different types of P2X on the operation and the renewable energy consumption of the power system in a variable working condition state cannot be analyzed.
In summary, in the technical field of scheduling and operating of power systems, a P2X model with variable working condition characteristics needs to be provided for performing scheduling and operating analysis of the power systems, and a scheduling and operating strategy of the power systems conforming to actual operating conditions is provided, which is an important challenge in the prior art.
Object of the Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a power system scheduling operation method considering P2X variable working condition characteristics. Aiming at the problem that the traditional research is less related to the optimized dispatching operation analysis of the power system based on the characteristics of the multi-type P2X variable working conditions, the invention provides a P2X variable working condition modeling method oriented to multi-type X media, establishes P2X operation constraints under different operation working conditions, and embeds the generated constraint set into an optimized operation model of the power system for solving. The electric power operation scheduling personnel can model and analyze the operation states of various P2X in the power grid according to the method and reasonably arrange the coordinated output of various generator sets, thereby ensuring the power generation economy requirement and the renewable energy consumption level in the electric power system and providing the electric power system scheduling operation strategy which meets the actual operation requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a scheduling operation method of an electric power system considering P2X variable working condition characteristics, the electric power system applies P2X technology, namely, electric energy generated by clean energy sources such as wind or light is used for preparing various inorganic and organic raw materials and fuels, the scheduling operation method comprises the following steps:
step 1: the P2X variable working condition operation characteristic analysis and linear modeling specifically comprises the steps of considering the variable working condition operation characteristics of a P2X device aiming at various different types of P2X technologies, establishing a mathematical model, and analyzing the operation characteristics of various types of P2X participating in the power system; step 1 further comprises the following substeps:
step S11: modeling a P2X energy conversion process, specifically, modeling physical conversion processes of different P2X devices, as shown in formula (1):
X＝η X ·P (1)，
wherein, P is the power consumption of the P2X equipment, X represents the material or energy obtained by the P2X equipment, eta X Representing the energy conversion efficiency of the device, the superscript X representing different forms of matter or energy;
step S12: modeling P2X variable working condition characteristics, specifically, modeling an energy conversion process considering P2X under a variable working condition, as shown in formula (2):
X＝η X (P,θ)·P (2)，
wherein the energy conversion efficiency eta X (P, θ) is a function of the power consumption P and the efficiency environmental parameters θ, including temperature, humidity;
step S13: linearizing the P2X variable working condition operating characteristics, specifically adopting a piecewise linearization method to carry out nonlinear eta in the formula (2) X Processing the (P, theta) change curve, and under the condition of variable working conditions, processing the power consumption P of the P2X device X x Divided into s segments by power range upper bound, i.e. expressed as set P x,1 ,P x,2 ,P x,3 ,…,P x,s ]Adding a constraint condition shown in the formula (3) to each section of consumed electric power:
wherein u is g For a variable of 0-1 representing the state of the X segments of the P2X device, when the power P is consumed x At the k-th segment, u g,1 ,u g,2 ,…,u g,k 1, and u g,k+1 ,…,u g,s Power consumption P at time point of =0, P2X x As shown in formula (4):
inputting electric power for the P2X device in any section k after segmentation, setting the energy conversion efficiency between the electric power input and the X output to be constant in the electric power range, and setting the energy conversion efficiency to be constant
The vector expression of the energy conversion efficiency η is shown in formula (5):
x output by the P2X device in any segment k is expressed as shown in formula (6):
the input electric power of the total output X corresponding to the consumed electric power in the k-th output range is expressed as shown in equation (7):
and 2, step: establishing a power system dispatching operation model considering the operation characteristics of the power system participated by the multi-type P2X analyzed and analyzed in the step 1, and setting constraint conditions of the dispatching operation model;
and step 3: embedding the constraint conditions in the step 2 into the power system dispatching operation model, and solving;
and 4, step 4: and (4) optimizing the model according to the solving result in the step (3) and determining a scheduling operation scheme of the power system.
Preferably, the objective function of the power system dispatching operation model in step 2 is as shown in equation (8):
minC Ope,E +C Ope,X (8)，
wherein C Ope,E Represents the annual scheduled operating costs of the power system, C Ope,X Supplying the annual operating cost of the system to X;
annual dispatch operating cost C of the power system Ope,E Including the cost of fuel C for power generation of the thermal power generating unit in the power system E ,G And the unit start-stop cost C E,S And load shedding penalty cost C E,Cur Expressed as shown in formula (9):
C Ope,E ＝C E,G +C E,S +C E,Cur (9)；
the power generation fuel cost C of the thermal power generating unit E,G The fuel cost expression of the thermal power generating unit adopting linearization is shown as the formula (10):
wherein g represents a conventional thermal power generating unit, m/d/t represents a time coordinate of month/day/hour, respectively, and c G,Ope Represents the unit power generation fuel cost of the thermal power generating unit, P G Representing the power generation power of a conventional thermal power generating unit;
the starting and stopping cost C of the thermal power generating unit E,S Expressed as shown in formula (11):
wherein c is SU Indicating the starting cost of the unit, s SU Representing a variable 0-1 indicating the starting action of the thermal power generating unit, wherein 1 represents starting, and 0 represents not starting;
the load shedding penalty cost C E,Cur Expressed as shown in formula (12):
wherein VoLL represents the unit load shedding penalty cost, D Cur Representing the load shedding power;
annual operating cost C of the X supply system Ope,X Expressed as shown in formula (13):
wherein,
represents the unit cost of the traditional fossil energy supply X Coal Representing a variable of the traditional fossil energy supply X.
Preferably, the constraint conditions in the step 2 include node power balance constraint, power transmission network constraint, thermal power generating unit operation constraint, renewable energy output constraint, electrochemical energy storage operation constraint, P2X model and operation constraint, and supply system balance equation constraint of each X;
the node power balance constraint is expressed as shown in equation (14) and equation (15):
wherein, subscript n represents the grid node number; collection
Respectively representing the topological connection relations of conventional thermal power, wind power, photovoltaic power, electrochemical energy storage and P2X equipment and a node n,
respectively representing a line set of a power flow reference direction of the power transmission line l by taking the node n as an initial node and a termination node; p is G 、P W 、P PV Respectively representing the generating power of conventional thermal power, wind power and a photovoltaic unit; p is B,Cha 、P B,Dis Respectively representing the charge and discharge power of the electrochemical energy storage, P X ,Ele Representing the consumed power of P2X equipment, F representing the power flow of the transmission line, D representing the node load power, D Cur Representing the load shedding power of the node;
the power transmission network constraint is expressed by the following formulas (16), (17) and (18):
the formula (16) is a direct current characteristic equation of the power transmission line, theta represents a node power angle, and x represents line reactance; the formula (17) represents the upper and lower limits of the node power angle; equation (18) represents the line power ceiling constraint, F L,Max Represents an upper power limit of the line flow;
the operation constraint of the thermal power generating unit is expressed by the following formulas (19), (20) and (21):
wherein, formula (19) isThe upper and lower output limits of a conventional thermal power generating unit are restricted, x is a variable 0-1 indicating the starting state of the unit, 0 represents the shutdown state, 1 represents the starting state, and P represents the power output limit of the unit G,Max /P G,Min Representing the upper/lower power limit of the output of the thermal power generating unit; the formula (20) is the restriction of the upper and lower limits of the climbing of the thermal power generating unit, alpha Ru /α Rd The ramp rate of the thermal power generating unit is G, and the installed capacity of the thermal power generating unit is G; the formula (21) is a start-stop constraint set of the thermal power generating unit, wherein a first equation represents a state 0-1 variable x and an action 0-1 variable s of start-stop SU /s SD The second and third equations represent the minimum time constraint for power on/off, where T On /T Off The shortest starting/shutdown time of the unit is represented, and the fourth equation represents x, s SU ,s SD All 0-1 variables indicating status;
the renewable energy output constraint is expressed as shown in formula (22) and formula (23):
wherein, the formula (22) represents the output upper and lower limit constraints of the wind turbine generator, the formula (23) represents the output upper and lower limit constraints of the photovoltaic generator, and P W,Fore Representing the predicted upper limit of output, P, of the wind turbine PV,Fore Representing the predicted upper output limit of the photovoltaic unit;
the electrochemical energy storage operation constraint is expressed as shown in formula (24), formula (25), formula (26) and formula (27):
wherein, the formula (24) is an energy storage energy balance equation of adjacent time intervals, E B Representing the amount of stored energy of electrochemistry eta B The electrochemical energy storage charge-discharge efficiency is represented; the formula (25) is the restriction of the upper and lower limits of the electrochemical energy storage charge-discharge power; the formula (26) is the upper and lower limit constraint of the energy storage and electricity storage quantity; equation (27) is the coulomb balance constraint of the electrochemical stored energy during the cycle period;
the P2X model and the operation constraint mean that the variable working condition P2X scheduling operation model described by the formulas (1) to (7) is embedded into the traditional power scheduling operation problem, and the formulas (1) to (7) are combined to form the constraint, which is expressed as the formula (28):
formulas (1) - (7) (28);
the supply system balance equation constraint for each X is expressed as shown in equation (29):
where equation (29) is the supply chain equilibrium equation for each X, D X Representing the corresponding X load demand.
Preferably, the solving process in the step 3 comprises the following sub-steps:
substep S31: forming an optimized dispatching operation model according to the step 2 in simultaneous (8) - (29);
substep S32: inputting the optimized scheduling operation model obtained in the substep S31 and the boundary condition into Cplex solving software for optimization solving;
substep S33: outputting a scheduling operation strategy obtained by optimization calculation, including P G 、P W 、P PV 、P B,Cha 、P B,Dis And P of varying conditions X,Ele Each ofElectrical power of the device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a P2X modeling and optimizing method for a high-proportion renewable energy power system, the overall process is shown in figure 1, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) For the multi-type P2X technology, a P2X model considering variable working conditions is established
Aiming at different types of P2X technologies, variable working condition operation characteristics of a P2X device are considered, and a mathematical model is established to analyze the characteristics of the various types of P2X participating in the operation of the power system. The modeling envelope of the variable working condition running characteristic of the P2X comprises the following steps:
1-1) modeling of P2X energy conversion Process
The physical transformation process of different P2X devices was modeled using equation (1):
X＝η X ·P (28)，
wherein, P is the power consumption of the P2X equipment, X represents the material/energy obtained by the P2X equipment, eta X Representing the energy conversion efficiency of the device, and the superscript X represents the different forms of matter/energy.
1-2) P2X variable working condition characteristic modeling
The P2X device is affected by various factors such as ambient temperature and operating conditions during actual operation, and the energy conversion efficiency of the device is not generally a constant but changes in real time. Therefore, the energy conversion efficiency reflects the actual operation working state of the P2X equipment and is an important parameter of the variable working condition state. The method introduces an efficiency curve which considers the characteristic of variable working conditions to describe the actual operating conditions of the P2X equipment. On the basis of the formula (28), the modeling of the energy conversion process of P2X under the variable working condition is shown as the formula (2):
X＝η X (P,θ)·P (29)，
wherein the energy conversion efficiency eta X (P, θ) is a function of the consumed power P and the efficiency environmental parameter θ (e.g., temperature, humidity, etc.).
1-3) linearization treatment of P2X variable working condition operation characteristic
In order to enable the variable operating constraint of P2X to be added into the power system operation scheduling model, further processing is required to be performed on equation (29). The invention adopts a piecewise linearization method to carry out nonlinear eta X And (P, theta) change curves are processed:
under the condition of variable working conditions, the power consumption P of a P2X device X x Divided into s segments [ P ] according to the upper limit of the power range x,1 ,P x,2 ,P x,3 ,…,P x,s ]Adding constraint to each section of consumed power as shown in formula (3):
wherein u is g U is a 0-1 variable representing the state of P2X device segments when the power consumed is in the kth segment g,1 ,u g,2 ,…,u g,k =1, and u g,k+1 ,…,u g,s =0, and the power consumption at this time of P2X is represented by equation (4).
Setting the energy conversion efficiency between the power input and the X output to be constant in the power range aiming at the P2X equipment input electric power in any section k after the segmentation, and setting the energy conversion efficiency to be constant
The vector expression of the energy conversion efficiency η is shown in formula (5):
therefore, the P2X device output X in any segment k can be expressed as shown in equation (6):
the total output X corresponding to the consumed power input within the output range k can be expressed as shown in equation (7):
2) Power system dispatching operation model considering P2X variable working condition operation characteristics
The objective function of the scheduling operation model is:
minC Ope,E +C Ope,X (35)，
wherein C Ope,E Representing annual dispatch operating costs of the power system, C Ope,X The annual operating cost of the system is supplied to X. Each cost is specifically expressed as follows
A. Annual operating cost of power system C Ope,E
The annual operating cost of the power system comprises the cost C of fuel generated by a thermoelectric generator set in the power system E,G And the unit start-stop cost C E,S And a load shedding penalty cost C E,Cur ：
C Ope,E ＝C E,G +C E,S +C E,Cur (36)，
The fuel cost of the thermal power generating unit is expressed by the fuel cost of the thermal power generating unit in a linear mode, and the formula (10) is as follows:
wherein g represents a conventional thermal power generating unit, m/d/t represents a time coordinate of month/day/hour, respectively, c G,Ope Represents the unit power generation fuel cost, P, of the thermal power generating unit G Representing the generated power of a conventional thermal power generating unit.
The starting and stopping cost of the thermal power generating unit is shown as the formula (11):
wherein c is SU Indicating machineStarting-up cost of the group, s SU And representing a variable 0-1 indicating the starting action of the thermal power generating unit, wherein 1 represents starting, and 0 represents not starting.
The load shedding penalty cost is shown as equation (12):
wherein VoLL represents the unit load shedding penalty cost, D Cur Indicating the load shedding power.
B.x annual operating cost of supply system C Ope,X
The operation cost of the X supply system mainly considers the cost of the traditional fossil energy supply X, and the expression is shown as a formula (13):
wherein,
represents the unit cost of the traditional fossil energy supply X, X Coal Representing a variable of a traditional fossil energy supply X.
The constraints of the optimization model include:
2-1) node power balance constraints:
equation (41) represents the node power balance constraint of the power network, where the subscript n represents the grid node number; collection
Respectively represents conventional thermal power, wind power, photovoltaic and electrochemical energy storageAnd the topological connection relationship between the P2X equipment and the node n,
respectively representing a power flow reference direction of the power transmission line l and taking the node n as a line set of an initial node/a termination node; p is G /P W /P PV Respectively represents the generating power P of the conventional thermal power, wind power and photovoltaic units B,Cha /P B,Dis Representing the charge/discharge power, P, of the electrochemical stored energy, respectively X,Ele Representing the power consumption of the P2X equipment, F representing the power flow of the transmission line, D representing the node load power, D Cur Representing the load shedding power of the node. Equation (42) limits the node load shedding upper limit to not exceed the node load power.
2-2) power transmission network constraints:
equation (43) is a direct current characteristic equation of the power transmission line, where θ represents a node power angle, and x represents a line reactance; the formula (44) represents the upper and lower limits of the node power angle; equation (45) represents the line power ceiling constraint, where F L,Max Representing the upper power limit of the line flow.
2-3) operation constraint of the thermal power generating unit:
formula (46) is the output upper and lower limit constraints of the conventional thermal power generating unit, wherein x is a variable 0-1 indicating the starting state of the unit, 0 represents the shutdown state, and 1 represents the starting stateA state; p is G,Max /P G,Min And representing the upper/lower power limits of the output of the thermal power generating unit.
Formula (47) is the ramp upper and lower limit constraint of the thermal power generating unit, wherein alpha Ru /α Rd And G is the climbing speed of the thermal power generating unit, and G is the installed capacity of the thermal power generating unit.
The constraint set (48) is the start-stop constraint of the thermal power generating unit, wherein a first equation in the constraint set represents a state 0-1 variable x and an action 0-1 variable s of start-stop SU /s SD The logical relationship of (1); the second and third equations represent the minimum time constraint for power on/off, where T On /T Off The shortest starting/shutdown time of the unit is represented; the fourth equation represents x, s SU ,s SD Are all 0-1 variables that indicate status.
2-4) renewable energy output constraint:
expressions (49) - (50) respectively represent upper and lower output limit constraints of the wind power/photovoltaic unit, wherein P W,Fore /P PV,Fore And respectively representing the predicted output upper limit of the wind power/photovoltaic set.
2-5) electrochemical energy storage operation constraints
Equation (51) is the energy storage energy balance equation for adjacent time periods, where E B Representing the amount of stored energy, η, of electrochemical energy storage B The electrochemical energy storage charge-discharge efficiency is shown.
The equation (52) is the restriction of the upper and lower limits of the electrochemical energy storage charge-discharge power, and the equation (53) is the restriction of the upper and lower limits of the energy storage capacity.
Equation (54) is the coulomb balance constraint of the electrochemical stored energy over the cycle period.
2-6) P2X model and operational constraints
Embedding variable working condition P2X scheduling operation models (28) - (34) formed in the step 1) into a traditional power scheduling operation problem:
(1)-(7) (28)
2-7) supply system balance equation constraints for each X:
equation (29) is the supply chain balance equation for each X, where D X Representing the corresponding X load demand.
3) Solving step
Firstly, forming an optimized scheduling operation model according to the step 2) simultaneous (35) - (29); inputting the obtained mathematical model and boundary conditions into Cplex solving software for optimization solving; finally, outputting a scheduling operation strategy obtained by optimized calculation, wherein the scheduling operation strategy comprises P G /P W /P PV /P B,Cha /P B,Dis And P of varying conditions X,Ele And the power of each device provides reference for the formulation of the scheduling operation strategy of the power system.
The invention has the advantages of
The invention provides a power system scheduling operation method considering P2X variable working condition characteristics, which provides technical reference for the operation simulation of a future power system. The core of the method is that a unified P2X model considering P2X variable working condition operation characteristics is established, and the P2X operation working condition is subjected to linearization processing based on a piecewise linearization method; analyzing and depicting the operating characteristics of the power system based on the P2X technology, and embedding an optimized scheduling model of the power system to analyze the operating characteristics of the power system. Compared with the existing optimal scheduling model of the power system, the method researches the optimal scheduling operation strategy of the power system and the X supply system by analytically modeling the P2X physical change process in the variable working condition operation state. Through the solution of the optimization model, the power dispatching personnel can carry out reasonable dispatching operation control on the power system according to the calculation result, analyze and consider the dispatching operation condition of the power system with the P2X variable working condition operation characteristic, and provide a method basis for formulating the dispatching operation strategy of the actual power system. Therefore, the effective consumption of renewable energy sources of the power system is promoted by considering the power dispatching of actual working conditions, and the economical efficiency and the environmental protection property of system operation are improved.
The invention has the following technical characteristics:
1) Aiming at the multi-type P2X technology, a P2X model considering variable working conditions is established, and the characteristics that the multi-type P2X participates in the operation of the power system in the state of the variable working conditions are analyzed;
2) Carrying out linearization processing on the variable working condition operation efficiency of the P2X, so that the processed P2X operation model is suitable for the optimization solution of the power system dispatching operation model;
3) Embedding the proposed P2X variable working condition model into an optimized operation scheduling model of the power system, and solving based on the model to obtain a scheduling operation strategy according with the actual operation condition;
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the P2X variable working condition operation characteristics can be considered in a traditional power system dispatching operation model, so that the influence of the multi-type P2X variable working condition operation on the dispatching operation of the power system is analyzed, and a reasonable power dispatching strategy is given. By solving the power scheduling model added with the P2X variable working condition operation constraint, the actual operation condition of the P2X in the power system can be effectively described, so that the operation scheduling strategy gives consideration to the P2X variable working condition characteristics and the optimal economic output requirement of the generator set; compared with the existing research, the method provided by the invention can effectively analyze the operating characteristics of the P2X variable working condition, improve the analysis capability of the high-proportion renewable energy power system and provide support for the dispatching operation of the future high-proportion renewable energy power system.
Claims (4)
1. A method for scheduling and operating a power system considering P2X variable operation characteristics, the power system applying P2X technology, i.e., using electric energy generated from clean energy such as wind or light to produce various inorganic and organic raw materials and fuels, the method comprising the steps of:
step 1: the P2X variable working condition operation characteristic analysis and linear modeling specifically comprises the steps of considering the variable working condition operation characteristics of a P2X device aiming at various different types of P2X technologies, establishing a mathematical model, and analyzing the operation characteristics of various types of P2X participating in the power system; step 1 further comprises the following substeps:
step S11: modeling the P2X energy conversion process, specifically, modeling the physical conversion process of different P2X devices, as shown in formula (1):
X＝η X ·P (1)，
wherein P is the power consumption of the P2X equipment, X represents the material or energy obtained by the P2X equipment, eta X Representing the energy conversion efficiency of the device, the superscript X representing different forms of matter or energy;
step S12: modeling P2X variable working condition characteristics, specifically, modeling an energy conversion process of P2X under a variable working condition, as shown in formula (2):
X＝η X (P,θ)·P (2)，
wherein the energy conversion efficiency eta X (P, θ) is consumptionA function of electrical power P and efficiency environmental parameters θ including temperature, humidity;
step S13: linearizing the P2X variable working condition operating characteristics, specifically adopting a piecewise linearization method to carry out nonlinear eta in the formula (2) X Processing the (P, theta) change curve, and under the condition of variable working conditions, converting the power consumption P of the P2X device X into the power consumption P x Divided into s segments by upper power range limit, i.e. expressed as set P x,1 ,P x,2 ,P x,3 ,…,P x,s ]Adding a constraint condition shown in the formula (3) to each section of consumed power:
wherein u is g For a variable of 0-1 representing the state of the X segments of the P2X device, when the power P is consumed x At the k-th segment, u g,1 ,u g,2 ,…,u g,k =1, and u g,k+1 ,…,u g,s Power consumption P at time point of =0, P2X x As shown in formula (4):
inputting electric power for the P2X device in any section k after segmentation, setting the energy conversion efficiency between the electric power input and the X output to be constant in the electric power range, and setting the energy conversion efficiency to be constant
The vector expression of the energy conversion efficiency η is shown in formula (5):
x output by the P2X device in any segment k is expressed as shown in formula (6):
the input electric power of the total output X corresponding to the consumed electric power in the k-th output range is expressed as shown in equation (7):
step 2: establishing a power system dispatching operation model considering the operation characteristics of the power system participated by the multi-type P2X analyzed and analyzed in the step 1, and setting constraint conditions of the dispatching operation model;
and step 3: embedding the constraint conditions in the step 2 into the power system dispatching operation model, and solving;
and 4, step 4: and (4) optimizing the model according to the solving result in the step (3) and determining a scheduling operation scheme of the power system.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the objective function of the power system dispatching operation model in step 2 is as shown in equation (8):
minC Ope,E +C Ope,X (8)，
wherein C Ope,E Representing annual dispatch operating costs of the power system, C Ope,X Supplying the annual operating cost of the system to X;
annual dispatch operating cost C of the power system Ope,E Cost of fuel for power generation including a thermal power unit in an electric power system C E,G And the start-stop cost C of the unit E,S And load shedding penalty cost C E,Cur Expressed as shown in formula (9):
C Ope,E ＝C E,G +C E,S +C E,Cur (9)；
the power generation fuel cost C of the thermal power generating unit E,G The fuel cost expression of the thermal power generating unit adopting linearization is shown as the formula (10):
wherein g represents a conventional thermal power generating unit, m/d/t represents a time coordinate of month/day/hour, respectively, and c G,Ope Represents the unit power generation fuel cost, P, of the thermal power generating unit G Representing the power generation power of a conventional thermal power generating unit;
the starting and stopping cost C of the thermal power generating unit E,S Expressed as shown in formula (11):
wherein c is SU Indicating the starting cost of the unit, s SU Representing a variable 0-1 indicating the starting action of the thermal power generating unit, wherein 1 represents starting, and 0 represents not starting;
the load shedding penalty cost C E,Cur Expressed as shown in formula (12):
wherein VoLL represents the unit load shedding penalty cost, D Cur Representing the load shedding power;
annual operating cost C of the X supply system Ope,X Expressed as shown in formula (13):
wherein,
represents the unit cost of the traditional fossil energy supply X, X Coal Representing a variable of a traditional fossil energy supply X.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the constraint conditions in step 2 include node power balance constraint, power transmission network constraint, thermal power unit operation constraint, renewable energy output constraint, electrochemical energy storage operation constraint, P2X model and operation constraint, supply system balance equation constraint of each X;
the node power balance constraint is expressed as shown in equation (14) and equation (15):
wherein, subscript n represents the number of the grid node; collection
Respectively representing the topological connection relations of conventional thermal power, wind power, photovoltaic power, electrochemical energy storage and P2X equipment and a node n,
respectively representing a line set of a power flow reference direction of a power transmission line l by taking a node n as an initial node and a termination node; p G 、P W 、P PV Respectively representing the generating power of conventional thermal power, wind power and a photovoltaic unit; p is B,Cha 、P B,Dis Respectively representing the charge and discharge power of the electrochemical energy storage, P X,Ele Representing the power consumption of the P2X equipment, F representing the power flow of the transmission line, D representing the node load power, D Cur Representing the load shedding power of the node;
the power transmission network constraint is expressed by the following formulas (16), (17) and (18):
the formula (16) is a direct current power flow characteristic equation of the power transmission line, theta represents a node power angle, and x represents line reactance; the formula (17) represents the upper and lower limits of the node power angle; equation (18) represents the line power upper and lower bounds constraint, F L,Max Represents an upper power limit of the line flow;
the operation constraint of the thermal power generating unit is expressed by the following formulas (19), (20) and (21):
wherein, the formula (19) is the output upper and lower limit constraint of the conventional thermal power generating unit, x is a variable 0-1 indicating the starting state of the unit, 0 represents the shutdown state, 1 represents the starting state, and P represents the power-on state G,Max /P G,Min Representing the power upper/lower limit of the thermal power unit output; the formula (20) is the restriction of the upper and lower limits of the climbing of the thermal power generating unit, alpha Ru /α Rd The ramp rate of the thermal power generating unit is G, and the installed capacity of the thermal power generating unit is G; the formula (21) is a start-stop constraint set of the thermal power generating unit, wherein the first equation represents a state 0-1 variable x and an action 0-1 variable s of start-stop SU /s SD A logical relationship of (c), a second and a third equationRepresenting a minimum time constraint of power on/off, where T On /T Off The shortest starting/stopping time of the unit is represented, and the fourth equation represents x, s SU ,s SD All 0-1 variables indicating status;
the renewable energy output constraint is expressed as shown in formula (22) and formula (23):
wherein, the formula (22) represents the output upper and lower limit constraints of the wind turbine generator, the formula (23) represents the output upper and lower limit constraints of the photovoltaic generator, and P W,Fore Representing the predicted upper limit of output, P, of the wind turbine PV,Fore Representing the predicted upper output limit of the photovoltaic unit;
the electrochemical energy storage operation constraint is expressed as shown in formula (24), formula (25), formula (26) and formula (27):
wherein, the equation (24) is the energy storage energy balance equation of the adjacent time period, E B Representing the amount of stored energy, η, of electrochemical energy storage B The electrochemical energy storage charge-discharge efficiency is represented; the formula (25) is the restriction of the upper and lower limits of the electrochemical energy storage charge-discharge power; the formula (26) is the upper and lower limit constraint of the energy storage and electricity storage quantity; equation (27) is the coulomb balance constraint of the electrochemical stored energy during the cycle period;
the P2X model and the operation constraint mean that the variable working condition P2X scheduling operation model described by the formulas (1) to (7) is embedded into the traditional power scheduling operation problem, and the formulas (1) to (7) are combined to form the constraint, which is expressed as the formula (28):
formulae (1) - (7) (28);
the supply system balance equation constraint for each X is expressed as shown in equation (29):
where equation (29) is the supply chain equilibrium equation for each X, D X Representing the corresponding X load demand.
4. The method for scheduling and operating the power system according to claim 3, wherein the solving process in the step 3 comprises the following sub-steps:
substep S31: forming an optimized dispatching operation model according to the step 2 in simultaneous (8) - (29);
substep S32: inputting the optimized scheduling operation model obtained in the substep S31 and the boundary condition into Cplex solving software for optimization solving;
substep S33: outputting a scheduling operation strategy obtained by optimization calculation, including P G 、P W 、P PV 、P B,Cha 、P B,Dis And P of varying conditions X,Ele Electric power of each device.
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