CN112968479A - Power system scheduling operation method considering P2X variable working condition characteristics - Google Patents

Power system scheduling operation method considering P2X variable working condition characteristics Download PDF

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CN112968479A
CN112968479A CN202110267951.5A CN202110267951A CN112968479A CN 112968479 A CN112968479 A CN 112968479A CN 202110267951 A CN202110267951 A CN 202110267951A CN 112968479 A CN112968479 A CN 112968479A
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CN112968479B (en
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肖晋宇
侯金鸣
张瑾轩
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Global Energy Internet Group Ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/466—Scheduling the operation of the generators, e.g. connecting or disconnecting generators to meet a given demand
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
    • H02J3/144—Demand-response operation of the power transmission or distribution network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/50—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads
    • H02J2310/56—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads characterised by the condition upon which the selective controlling is based
    • H02J2310/58—The condition being electrical
    • H02J2310/60—Limiting power consumption in the network or in one section of the network, e.g. load shedding or peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a power system dispatching operation method considering P2X variable working condition characteristics, which comprises the following steps: 1) P2X variable working condition operation characteristic analysis and linear modeling; 2) establishing power system operation constraint considering P2X variable working condition characteristics; 3) embedding P2X variable working condition operation constraint into a power system scheduling operation optimization model, and solving; 4) and determining a scheduling operation scheme of the power system by solving the optimization model. The method can effectively describe the actual operation condition of the P2X in the power system, so that the operation scheduling strategy gives consideration to the P2X variable working condition characteristics and the optimal economic output requirement of the generator set, the analysis capability of the high-proportion renewable energy power system is improved, and the support is provided for the scheduling operation of the high-proportion renewable energy power system.

Description

Power system scheduling operation method considering P2X variable working condition characteristics
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power system dispatching operation, relates to a power system dispatching operation method, and particularly relates to a power system dispatching operation method considering P2X variable working condition characteristics.
Background
The large-scale grid connection of renewable energy sources is an important trend of future power system development, the renewable energy source electricity abandoning problem of a high-proportion renewable energy source system is serious, and the promotion of the consumption level of the renewable energy sources is a key scientific problem of the power system. The P2X (Power to X) technology replaces the traditional industrial production depending on fossil energy through electrification in the chemical industry, and various inorganic and organic raw materials and fuels (X) are prepared by using electric energy generated by clean energy, so that a path for large-scale consumption of renewable energy sources such as wind, light and the like is hopefully provided while carbon emission is reduced. Therefore, modeling studies that consider the operating characteristics of P2X are an important issue for future power system dispatch operation analysis.
Current P2X technology is receiving widespread attention worldwide. In the research aspect of the cooperative operation scheduling of the P2X and the power system, current researchers have conducted researches to a certain extent on the aspects of a day-ahead scheduling method of an electric-to-gas conversion system considering the operation characteristics of electrolysis water and methanation, an electric-heat-wind coupling scheduling strategy in an electric heat pump and gas boiler auxiliary mode, and the like. However, these researches are less oriented to the multi-type P2X technology, and analysis and research on variable working condition characteristics of different types of P2X in the power system are not sufficient in consideration of factors such as ambient temperature, so that the influence of different types of P2X on the operation and the consumption of renewable energy in the power system under the variable working condition state cannot be analyzed.
In summary, in the technical field of scheduling operation of an electric power system, it is necessary to provide a P2X model with variable working condition characteristics for performing scheduling operation analysis of the electric power system and providing an electric power system scheduling operation strategy that meets an actual operation condition, which is an important challenge in the prior art.
Object of the Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a power system scheduling operation method considering the P2X variable working condition characteristics. Aiming at the problem that the traditional research is less related to the optimized dispatching operation analysis of the power system based on the multi-type P2X variable working condition characteristics, the invention provides a P2X variable working condition modeling method oriented to multi-type X media, establishes P2X operation constraints under different operation working conditions, and embeds the generated constraint set into an optimized operation model of the power system for solving. According to the method, the electric power operation scheduling personnel can model and analyze the operation states of various P2X in the power grid and reasonably arrange the coordinated output of various generator sets, so that the power generation economical requirement and the renewable energy consumption level in the electric power system are ensured, and the electric power system scheduling operation strategy meeting the actual operation requirement is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a scheduling operation method of an electric power system considering P2X variable working condition characteristics, the electric power system applies P2X technology, namely, electric energy generated by clean energy sources such as wind or light is used for preparing various inorganic and organic raw materials and fuels, the scheduling operation method comprises the following steps:
step 1: the P2X variable working condition operation characteristic analysis and linear modeling specifically comprises the steps of considering the variable working condition operation characteristics of a P2X device aiming at various different types of P2X technologies, establishing a mathematical model, and analyzing the operation characteristics of a plurality of types of P2X participating in the power system;
step 2: establishing a power system dispatching operation model considering the operation characteristics of the power system participated by the multi-type P2X analyzed and analyzed in the step 1, and setting the constraint conditions of the dispatching operation model;
and step 3: embedding the constraint conditions in the step 2 into the power system dispatching operation model, and solving;
and 4, step 4: and (4) optimizing the model according to the solving result in the step (3) and determining a scheduling operation scheme of the power system.
Preferably, the P2X variable-operating-condition operating characteristic analysis and linearization modeling in step 1 further comprises the following sub-steps:
step S11: modeling the energy conversion process of P2X, specifically, modeling the physical conversion process of different P2X devices, as shown in formula (1):
X＝ηX·P (1)，
wherein P is the power consumption of P2X equipment, X represents the material or energy obtained by P2X equipment, etaXRepresenting energy conversion efficiency of the deviceThe superscript X represents a different form of matter or energy;
step S12: modeling the variable working condition characteristic of P2X, specifically, modeling the energy conversion process of P2X under the variable working condition, as shown in formula (2):
X＝ηX(P,θ)·P (2)，
wherein the energy conversion efficiency etaX(P, θ) is a function of the power consumption P and the efficiency environmental parameters θ, including temperature, humidity;
step S13: the method is used for carrying out linearization treatment on the P2X variable working condition operating characteristic, in particular to nonlinear eta in the formula (2) by adopting a piecewise linearization methodXProcessing the (P, theta) change curve, and under the condition of variable working conditions, processing the power consumption P of the P2X device xxDivided into s segments by power range upper bound, i.e. expressed as set Px,1,Px,2,Px,3,…,Px,s]Adding a constraint condition shown in the formula (3) to each section of consumed electric power:
Figure BDA0002973003020000031
wherein u isgFor a 0-1 variable representing the state of the x segment of the P2X device, when power P is consumedxAt the k-th segment, ug,1,ug,2,…,ug,k1, and ug,k+1,…,ug,sWhen P2X is equal to 0, the consumed power P at this timexAs shown in formula (4):
Figure BDA0002973003020000032
inputting electric power for the P2X device in any section k after the section, setting the energy conversion efficiency between the electric power input and the X output to be constant in the electric power range, and setting the energy conversion efficiency to be constant
Figure BDA0002973003020000041
The vector expression of the energy conversion efficiency η is shown in formula (5):
Figure BDA0002973003020000042
the X output from the P2X device in any segment k is expressed as shown in equation (6):
Figure BDA0002973003020000043
the input electric power of the total output X corresponding to the consumed electric power in the k-th output range is expressed as shown in equation (7):
Figure BDA0002973003020000044
more preferably, the objective function of the power system dispatching operation model in step 2 is as shown in equation (8):
minCOpe,E+COpe,X (8)，
wherein C isOpe,ERepresents the annual scheduled operating costs of the power system, COpe,XSupplying the annual operating cost of the system to X;
annual dispatching operation cost C of the power systemOpe,ECost of fuel for power generation including a thermal power unit in an electric power system CE ,GAnd the unit start-stop cost CE,SAnd load shedding cost CE,CurExpressed as shown in formula (9):
COpe,E＝CE,G+CE,S+CE,Cur (9)；
the power generation fuel cost C of the thermal power generating unitE,GThe fuel cost expression of the thermal power generating unit adopting linearization is shown as the formula (10):
Figure BDA0002973003020000045
wherein g represents a conventional thermal power generating unit, m/d/t represents a time coordinate of month/day/hour, respectively, and cG,OpeIndicating thermal powerUnit fuel cost per power generation, PGRepresenting the power generation power of a conventional thermal power generating unit;
the starting and stopping cost C of the thermal power generating unitE,SExpressed as shown in formula (11):
Figure BDA0002973003020000051
wherein c isSUIndicating the starting cost of the unit, sSURepresenting a variable 0-1 indicating the starting action of the thermal power generating unit, wherein 1 represents starting, and 0 represents not starting;
the load shedding penalty cost CE,CurExpressed as shown in formula (12):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
wherein VoLL represents the unit load shedding penalty cost, DCurRepresenting the load shedding power;
annual operating cost C of the X supply systemOpe,XExpressed as shown in formula (13):
Figure BDA0002973003020000053
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002973003020000054
represents the unit cost of the traditional fossil energy supply X, XCoalRepresenting a variable of the traditional fossil energy supply X.
Further preferably, the constraint conditions in step 2 include node power balance constraint, power transmission network constraint, thermal power generating unit operation constraint, renewable energy output constraint, electrochemical energy storage operation constraint, P2X model and operation constraint, and supply system balance equation constraint of each X;
the node power balance constraint is expressed as shown in equation (14) and equation (15):
Figure BDA0002973003020000055
Figure BDA0002973003020000056
wherein, subscript n represents the grid node number; collection
Figure BDA0002973003020000057
Respectively represents the topological connection relations of conventional thermal power, wind power, photovoltaic power, electrochemical energy storage and P2X equipment and a node n,
Figure BDA0002973003020000058
respectively representing a line set of a power flow reference direction of a power transmission line l by taking a node n as an initial node and a termination node; pG、PW、PPVRespectively representing the generating power of conventional thermal power, wind power and a photovoltaic unit; pB,Cha、PB,DisRespectively representing the charge and discharge power of the electrochemical energy storage, PX ,EleRepresenting the power consumption of the P2X equipment, F representing the transmission line power flow, D representing the node load power, DCurRepresenting the load shedding power of the node;
the power transmission network constraint is expressed by the following formulas (16), (17) and (18):
Figure BDA0002973003020000061
Figure BDA0002973003020000062
Figure BDA0002973003020000063
wherein, the formula (16) is a direct current characteristic equation of the transmission line, theta represents a node power angle, and xRepresents the line reactance; the formula (17) represents the upper and lower limits of the node power angle; equation (18) represents the line power ceiling constraint, FL,MaxRepresenting an upper power limit of the line flow;
the operation constraint of the thermal power generating unit is expressed by the following formulas (19), (20) and (21):
Figure BDA0002973003020000064
Figure BDA0002973003020000065
Figure BDA0002973003020000066
wherein, the formula (19) is the output upper and lower limit constraint of the conventional thermal power generating unit, x is a variable 0-1 indicating the starting state of the unit, 0 represents the shutdown state, 1 represents the starting state, and P represents the power output of the unitG,Max/PG,MinRepresenting the power upper/lower limit of the thermal power unit output; the formula (20) is the restriction of the upper and lower limits of the climbing of the thermal power generating unit, alphaRu/αRdThe ramp rate of the thermal power generating unit is G, and the installed capacity of the thermal power generating unit is G; the formula (21) is a start-stop constraint set of the thermal power generating unit, wherein a first equation represents a state 0-1 variable x and an action 0-1 variable s of start-stopSU/sSDThe second and third equations represent the minimum time constraint for power on/off, where TOn/TOffThe shortest starting/shutdown time of the unit is represented, and the fourth equation represents x, sSU,sSDAll 0-1 variables indicating status;
the renewable energy output constraint is expressed as shown in formula (22) and formula (23):
Figure BDA0002973003020000071
Figure BDA0002973003020000072
wherein, formula (22) represents the upper and lower output limit constraints of the wind turbine generator, formula (23) represents the upper and lower output limit constraints of the photovoltaic generator, and P representsW,ForeRepresenting the predicted upper limit of output, P, of the wind turbinePV,ForeRepresenting the predicted upper output limit of the photovoltaic unit;
the electrochemical energy storage operation constraint is expressed as shown in formula (24), formula (25), formula (26) and formula (27):
Figure BDA0002973003020000073
Figure BDA0002973003020000074
Figure BDA0002973003020000075
Figure BDA0002973003020000076
wherein, the formula (24) is an energy storage energy balance equation of adjacent time intervals, EBRepresenting the amount of stored energy, η, of electrochemical energy storageBThe electrochemical energy storage charge-discharge efficiency is represented; the formula (25) is the restriction of the upper and lower limits of the electrochemical energy storage charge-discharge power; the formula (26) is the upper and lower limit constraint of the energy storage and electricity storage quantity; equation (27) is the coulomb balance constraint of the electrochemical stored energy during the cycle period;
the P2X model and the operation constraint mean that the variable working condition considered P2X scheduling operation model described by the formulas (1) to (7) is embedded into the traditional power scheduling operation problem, and is expressed as shown in a formula (29):
(1)-(7) (28)；
the supply system balance equation constraint for each X is expressed as shown in equation (30):
Figure BDA0002973003020000081
wherein equation (30) is the supply chain equilibrium equation for each X, DXRepresenting the corresponding X load demand.
Still further preferably, the solving process in step 3 comprises the following sub-steps:
substep S31: forming an optimized dispatching operation model according to the step 2 in simultaneous (8) - (30);
substep S32: inputting the optimized scheduling operation model obtained in the substep S31 and the boundary condition into Cplex solving software for optimization solving;
substep S33: outputting a scheduling operation strategy obtained by optimization calculation, including PG、PW、PPV、PB,Cha、 PB,DisAnd P of varying conditionsX,EleElectric power of each device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a P2X modeling and optimizing method for a high-proportion renewable energy power system, the overall flow is shown in figure 1, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) for the multi-type P2X technology, a P2X model considering variable working conditions is established
Aiming at different types of P2X technologies, variable working condition operation characteristics of a P2X device are considered, and a mathematical model is established to analyze the characteristics of the participation of multiple types of P2X in the operation of the power system. The variable-operating-condition operating characteristic modeling envelope of the P2X comprises the following steps:
1-1) modeling of P2X energy conversion Process
The physical transformation process of the different P2X devices was modeled using equation (1):
X＝ηX·P (30)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,Pfor the power consumption of the P2X plant, X represents the mass/energy produced by the P2X plant, ηXRepresenting energy conversion efficiency of the deviceThe superscript X denotes the different forms of matter/energy.
1-2) P2X variable condition characteristic modeling
The P2X equipment is affected by many factors such as ambient temperature and operating conditions in the actual operation process, and the energy conversion efficiency of the equipment is not constant generally, but changes in real time. Therefore, the energy conversion efficiency represents the actual operation state of the P2X equipment and is an important parameter of the variable working condition state. The method introduces an efficiency curve describing the actual operation condition of the P2X equipment by considering the variable-condition characteristic. On the basis of the equation (30), the energy conversion process of P2X under the variable working condition is modeled as the equation (2):
X＝ηX(P,θ)·P (31)
wherein the energy conversion efficiency etaX(P, θ) is a function of the consumed power P and the efficiency environmental parameter θ (e.g., temperature, humidity, etc.).
1-3) linearization treatment of P2X variable working condition operation characteristic
Equation (31) needs to be further processed to enable the variable-regime operation constraint of P2X to be added to the power system operation scheduling model. The invention adopts a piecewise linearization method to carry out nonlinear etaXAnd (P, theta) change curves are processed:
under the condition of variable working conditions, the power consumption P of P2X device xxDivided into s segments [ P ] according to the upper limit of the power rangex,1,Px,2,Px,3,…,Px,s]Adding constraint to each section of consumed electric power as shown in formula (3):
Figure BDA0002973003020000091
wherein u isgU is a 0-1 variable representing the state of P2X device segment when the power consumption is in the kth segmentg,1,ug,2,…,ug,k1, and ug,k+1,…,ug,sWhen P2X is 0, the power consumption at this time is expressed by equation (4).
Figure BDA0002973003020000101
Inputting electric power for the P2X equipment in any section k after the section, setting the energy conversion efficiency between the electric power input and the X output to be constant in the power range, and setting the energy conversion efficiency to be constant
Figure BDA0002973003020000102
The vector expression of the energy conversion efficiency η is shown in formula (5):
Figure BDA0002973003020000103
therefore, the P2X device output X in any segment k can be expressed as shown in equation (6):
Figure BDA0002973003020000104
the total output X corresponding to the consumed power input within the output range k can be expressed as shown in equation (7):
Figure BDA0002973003020000105
2) establishing power system dispatching operation model considering P2X variable working condition operation characteristics
The objective function of the scheduling operation model is:
minCOpe,E+COpe,X (37)
wherein C isOpe,ERepresents the annual scheduled operating costs of the power system, COpe,XThe annual operating cost of the system is supplied to X. Each cost is specifically expressed as follows
A. Annual operating cost of power system COpe,E
The annual operating cost of the power system comprises the cost C of fuel generated by a thermal power unit in the power systemE,GAnd the unit start-stop cost CE,SAnd load shedding cost CE,Cur：
COpe,E＝CE,G+CE,S+CE,Cur (38)
The fuel cost of the thermal power generating unit is expressed by the fuel cost of the thermal power generating unit in a linear mode, and the formula (10) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002973003020000106
wherein g represents a conventional thermal power generating unit, m/d/t represents a time coordinate of month/day/hour, respectively, and cG,OpeRepresents the unit power generation fuel cost of the thermal power generating unit, PGRepresenting the generated power of a conventional thermal power generating unit.
The starting and stopping cost of the thermal power generating unit is shown as the formula (11):
Figure BDA0002973003020000111
wherein c isSUIndicating the starting cost of the unit, sSUAnd representing a variable 0-1 indicating the starting action of the thermal power generating unit, wherein 1 represents starting, and 0 represents not starting.
The load shedding penalty cost is shown as equation (12):
Figure BDA0002973003020000112
wherein VoLL represents the unit load shedding penalty cost, DCurIndicating the load shedding power.
B.X supply System annual operating costs COpe,X
The operation cost of the X supply system mainly considers the cost of the traditional fossil energy supply X, and the expression is shown as a formula (13):
Figure BDA0002973003020000113
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002973003020000114
represents the unit cost of the traditional fossil energy supply X, XCoalRepresenting a variable of the traditional fossil energy supply X.
The constraints of the optimization model include:
2-1) node power balance constraints:
Figure BDA0002973003020000115
Figure BDA0002973003020000116
equation (43) represents the node power balance constraint of the power network, where the subscript n represents the grid node number; collection
Figure BDA0002973003020000117
Respectively represents the topological connection relations of conventional thermal power, wind power, photovoltaic power, electrochemical energy storage and P2X equipment and a node n,
Figure BDA0002973003020000121
respectively representing a line set of a power flow reference direction of a power transmission line l by taking a node n as an initial node/a termination node; pG/PW/PPVRespectively representing the generating power P of conventional thermal power, wind power and photovoltaic unitsB,Cha/PB,DisRespectively representing the charge/discharge power of the electrochemical storage, PX,EleRepresenting the power consumption of the P2X equipment, F representing the transmission line power flow, D representing the node load power, DCurRepresenting the load shedding power of the node. Equation (44) limits the node load shedding upper limit to not exceed the node load power.
2-2) power transmission network constraints:
Figure BDA0002973003020000122
Figure BDA0002973003020000123
Figure BDA0002973003020000124
equation (45) is a direct current characteristic equation of the power transmission line, wherein θ represents a node power angle, and x represents line reactance; equation (46) represents the upper and lower limits of the power angle of the node; equation (47) represents the line power ceiling constraint, where FL,MaxRepresenting the upper power limit of the line flow.
2-3) operation constraint of the thermal power generating unit:
Figure BDA0002973003020000125
formula (48) is the output upper and lower limit constraints of a conventional thermal power generating unit, wherein x is a variable 0-1 indicating the starting state of the unit, 0 represents the shutdown state, and 1 represents the starting state; pG,Max/PG,MinAnd representing the power upper/lower limit of the thermal power unit output.
Figure BDA0002973003020000126
Formula (49) is the ramp upper and lower limit constraint of the thermal power generating unit, wherein alphaRu/αRdAnd G is the climbing speed of the thermal power generating unit, and G is the installed capacity of the thermal power generating unit.
Figure BDA0002973003020000131
The constraint set (50) is the start-stop constraint of the thermal power generating unit, wherein a first equation in the constraint set represents a state 0-1 variable x and an action 0-1 variable s of start-stopSU/sSDThe logical relationship of (1); the second and third equations represent the minimum time constraint for power on/off, where TOn/TOffThe shortest starting up/shutdown time of the unit is represented; the fourth equation represents x, sSU,sSDAre all made ofA 0-1 variable indicating status.
2-4) renewable energy output constraint:
Figure BDA0002973003020000132
Figure BDA0002973003020000133
expressions (51) to (52) respectively represent upper and lower output limit constraints of the wind power/photovoltaic set, wherein PW,Fore/PPV,ForeAnd respectively representing the predicted output upper limit of the wind power/photovoltaic set.
2-5) electrochemical energy storage operation constraints
Figure BDA0002973003020000134
Equation (53) is the energy storage energy balance equation for adjacent time periods, where EBRepresenting the amount of stored energy, η, of electrochemical energy storageBThe electrochemical energy storage charge-discharge efficiency is shown.
Figure BDA0002973003020000135
Figure BDA0002973003020000136
The equation (54) is the restriction of the upper and lower limits of the electrochemical energy storage charge and discharge power, and the equation (55) is the restriction of the upper and lower limits of the energy storage capacity.
Figure BDA0002973003020000141
Equation (56) is the coulomb balance constraint of the electrochemical stored energy over the cycle period.
2-6) P2X model and operational constraints
Embedding variable working condition P2X scheduling operation models (30) - (36) formed in the step 1) into a traditional power scheduling operation problem:
(1)-(7) (57)
2-7) supply system balance equation constraints for each X:
Figure BDA0002973003020000142
equation (58) is a supply chain balance equation for each X, where DXRepresenting the corresponding X load demand.
3) Solving step
Firstly, forming an optimized dispatching operation model according to the step 2) simultaneous (37) - (58); inputting the obtained mathematical model and boundary conditions into Cplex solving software for optimization solving; finally, outputting a scheduling operation strategy obtained by optimization calculation, wherein the scheduling operation strategy comprises PG/PW/PPV/PB,Cha/PB,DisAnd P of varying conditionsX,EleAnd the power of each device provides reference for the formulation of the scheduling operation strategy of the power system.
The invention has the advantages of
The invention provides a power system scheduling operation method considering P2X variable working condition characteristics, and provides technical reference for future power system operation simulation. The core of the method is that a unified P2X model considering the P2X variable working condition operation characteristics is established, and the P2X operation working condition is subjected to linearization treatment based on a piecewise linearization method; analyzing and depicting the operating characteristics of the power system based on the P2X technology, and embedding a power system optimization scheduling model to analyze the operating characteristics of the power system. Compared with the existing power system optimization scheduling model, the method researches the optimization scheduling operation strategy of the power system and the X supply system by analytically modeling the P2X physical change process in the variable working condition operation state. Through the solution of the optimization model, the power dispatching personnel can carry out reasonable dispatching operation control on the power system according to the calculation result, analyze and consider the dispatching operation condition of the power system with the P2X variable working condition operation characteristic, and provide a method basis for formulating the dispatching operation strategy of the actual power system. Therefore, the effective consumption of renewable energy sources of the power system is promoted by considering the power dispatching of the actual working conditions, and the economical efficiency and the environmental protection performance of the system operation are improved.
The invention has the following technical characteristics:
1) aiming at the multi-type P2X technology, a P2X model considering variable working conditions is established, and the characteristics that the multi-type P2X participates in the operation of the power system under the state of the variable working conditions are analyzed analytically;
2) carrying out linearization processing on the variable working condition operation efficiency of the P2X, so that the processed P2X operation model is suitable for the optimization solution of the power system dispatching operation model;
3) embedding the proposed P2X variable working condition model into an optimized operation scheduling model of the power system, and solving based on the model to obtain a scheduling operation strategy according with the actual operation condition;
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
P2X variable working condition operation characteristics can be considered in a traditional power system dispatching operation model, so that the influence of multi-type P2X variable working condition operation on power system dispatching operation is analyzed, and a reasonable power dispatching strategy is given. By solving the power dispatching model added with the P2X variable working condition operation constraint, the actual operation condition of the P2X in the power system can be effectively described, so that the operation dispatching strategy gives consideration to the P2X variable working condition characteristic and the optimal economic output requirement of the generator set; compared with the existing research, the method provided by the invention can effectively analyze the P2X variable working condition operation characteristics, improve the analysis capability of the high-proportion renewable energy power system, and provide support for the scheduling operation of the high-proportion renewable energy power system in the future.

Claims (5)

1. A method for scheduling operation of an electric power system considering P2X variable condition characteristics, the electric power system applying P2X technology, i.e. using electric energy generated by clean energy sources such as wind or light to prepare various inorganic and organic raw materials and fuels, the method comprising the steps of:
step 1: the P2X variable working condition operation characteristic analysis and linear modeling specifically comprises the steps of considering the variable working condition operation characteristics of a P2X device aiming at various different types of P2X technologies, establishing a mathematical model, and analyzing the operation characteristics of a plurality of types of P2X participating in the power system;
step 2: establishing a power system dispatching operation model considering the operation characteristics of the power system participated by the multi-type P2X analyzed and analyzed in the step 1, and setting the constraint conditions of the dispatching operation model;
and step 3: embedding the constraint conditions in the step 2 into the power system dispatching operation model, and solving;
and 4, step 4: and (4) optimizing the model according to the solving result in the step (3) and determining a scheduling operation scheme of the power system.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the P2X variable-operating-condition operating characteristic analysis and linearization modeling in step 1 further comprises the following sub-steps:
step S11: modeling the energy conversion process of P2X, specifically, modeling the physical conversion process of different P2X devices, as shown in formula (1):
X＝ηX·P (1)，
wherein P is the power consumption of P2X equipment, X represents the material or energy obtained by P2X equipment, etaXRepresenting the energy conversion efficiency of the device, the superscript X representing the different forms of matter or energy;
step S12: modeling the variable working condition characteristic of P2X, specifically, modeling the energy conversion process of P2X under the variable working condition, as shown in formula (2):
X＝ηX(P,θ)·P (2)，
wherein the energy conversion efficiency etaX(P, θ) is a function of the power consumption P and the efficiency environmental parameters θ, including temperature, humidity;
step S13: the method is used for carrying out linearization treatment on the P2X variable working condition operating characteristic, in particular to nonlinear eta in the formula (2) by adopting a piecewise linearization methodXProcessing the (P, theta) change curve, and under the condition of variable working conditions, processing the power consumption of the P2X device xPower PxDivided into s segments by power range upper bound, i.e. expressed as set Px,1,Px,2,Px,3,…,Px,s]Adding a constraint condition shown in the formula (3) to each section of consumed electric power:
Figure FDA0002973003010000021
wherein u isgFor a 0-1 variable representing the state of the x segment of the P2X device, when power P is consumedxAt the k-th segment, ug,1,ug,2,…,ug,k1, and ug,k+1,…,ug,sWhen P2X is equal to 0, the consumed power P at this timexAs shown in formula (4):
Figure FDA0002973003010000022
inputting electric power for the P2X device in any section k after the section, setting the energy conversion efficiency between the electric power input and the X output to be constant in the electric power range, and setting the energy conversion efficiency to be constant
Figure FDA0002973003010000023
The vector expression of the energy conversion efficiency η is shown in formula (5):
Figure FDA0002973003010000031
the X output from the P2X device in any segment k is expressed as shown in equation (6):
Figure FDA0002973003010000032
the input electric power of the total output X corresponding to the consumed electric power in the k-th output range is expressed as shown in equation (7):
Figure FDA0002973003010000033
3. the method according to claim 2, wherein the objective function of the power system dispatching operation model in step 2 is as shown in equation (8):
minCOpe,E+COpe,X (8)，
wherein C isOpe,ERepresents the annual scheduled operating costs of the power system, COpe,XSupplying the annual operating cost of the system to X;
annual dispatching operation cost C of the power systemOpe,ECost of fuel for power generation including a thermal power unit in an electric power system CE,GAnd the unit start-stop cost CE,SAnd load shedding cost CE,CurExpressed as shown in formula (9):
COpe,E＝CE,G+CE,S+CE,Cur (9)；
the power generation fuel cost C of the thermal power generating unitE,GThe fuel cost expression of the thermal power generating unit adopting linearization is shown as the formula (10):
Figure FDA0002973003010000034
wherein g represents a conventional thermal power generating unit, m/d/t represents a time coordinate of month/day/hour, respectively, and cG,OpeRepresents the unit power generation fuel cost of the thermal power generating unit, PGRepresenting the power generation power of a conventional thermal power generating unit;
the starting and stopping cost C of the thermal power generating unitE,SExpressed as shown in formula (11):
Figure FDA0002973003010000041
wherein c isSUIndicating the starting cost of the unit, sSU0 indicating and indicating starting action of thermal power generating unit-1 variable, where 1 denotes power on and 0 denotes power off;
the load shedding penalty cost CE,CurExpressed as shown in formula (12):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
wherein VoLL represents the unit load shedding penalty cost, DCurRepresenting the load shedding power;
annual operating cost C of the X supply systemOpe,XExpressed as shown in formula (13):
Figure FDA0002973003010000043
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0002973003010000044
represents the unit cost of the traditional fossil energy supply X, XCoalRepresenting a variable of the traditional fossil energy supply X.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the constraint conditions in step 2 include node power balance constraint, power transmission network constraint, thermal power unit operation constraint, renewable energy output constraint, electrochemical energy storage operation constraint, P2X model and operation constraint, supply system balance equation constraint of each X;
the node power balance constraint is expressed as shown in equation (14) and equation (15):
Figure FDA0002973003010000045
Figure FDA0002973003010000046
wherein, subscript n represents the grid node number; collection
Figure FDA0002973003010000047
Respectively represents the topological connection relations of conventional thermal power, wind power, photovoltaic power, electrochemical energy storage and P2X equipment and a node n,
Figure FDA0002973003010000048
respectively representing a line set of a power flow reference direction of a power transmission line l by taking a node n as an initial node and a termination node; pG、PW、PPVRespectively representing the generating power of conventional thermal power, wind power and a photovoltaic unit; pB,Cha、PB,DisRespectively representing the charge and discharge power of the electrochemical energy storage, PX,EleRepresenting the power consumption of the P2X equipment, F representing the transmission line power flow, D representing the node load power, DCurRepresenting the load shedding power of the node;
the power transmission network constraint is expressed by the following formulas (16), (17) and (18):
Figure FDA0002973003010000051
Figure FDA0002973003010000052
Figure FDA0002973003010000053
the formula (16) is a direct current characteristic equation of the power transmission line, theta represents a node power angle, and x represents line reactance; the formula (17) represents the upper and lower limits of the node power angle; equation (18) represents the line power ceiling constraint, FL,MaxRepresenting an upper power limit of the line flow;
the operation constraint of the thermal power generating unit is expressed by the following formulas (19), (20) and (21):
Figure FDA0002973003010000054
Figure FDA0002973003010000055
Figure FDA0002973003010000056
wherein, the formula (19) is the output upper and lower limit constraint of the conventional thermal power generating unit, x is a variable 0-1 indicating the starting state of the unit, 0 represents the shutdown state, 1 represents the starting state, and P represents the power output of the unitG,Max/PG,MinRepresenting the power upper/lower limit of the thermal power unit output; the formula (20) is the restriction of the upper and lower limits of the climbing of the thermal power generating unit, alphaRu/αRdThe ramp rate of the thermal power generating unit is G, and the installed capacity of the thermal power generating unit is G; the formula (21) is a start-stop constraint set of the thermal power generating unit, wherein a first equation represents a state 0-1 variable x and an action 0-1 variable s of start-stopSU/sSDThe second and third equations represent the minimum time constraint for power on/off, where TOn/TOffThe shortest starting/shutdown time of the unit is represented, and the fourth equation represents x, sSU,sSDAll 0-1 variables indicating status;
the renewable energy output constraint is expressed as shown in formula (22) and formula (23):
Figure FDA0002973003010000061
Figure FDA0002973003010000062
wherein, formula (22) represents the upper and lower output limit constraints of the wind turbine generator, and formula (23) represents the photovoltaicUpper and lower limits of output, P, of the unitW,ForeRepresenting the predicted upper limit of output, P, of the wind turbinePV,ForeRepresenting the predicted upper output limit of the photovoltaic unit;
the electrochemical energy storage operation constraint is expressed as shown in formula (24), formula (25), formula (26) and formula (27):
Figure FDA0002973003010000063
Figure FDA0002973003010000064
Figure FDA0002973003010000065
Figure FDA0002973003010000066
wherein, the formula (24) is an energy storage energy balance equation of adjacent time intervals, EBRepresenting the amount of stored energy, η, of electrochemical energy storageBThe electrochemical energy storage charge-discharge efficiency is represented; the formula (25) is the restriction of the upper and lower limits of the electrochemical energy storage charge-discharge power; the formula (26) is the upper and lower limit constraint of the energy storage and electricity storage quantity; equation (27) is the coulomb balance constraint of the electrochemical stored energy during the cycle period;
the P2X model and the operation constraint mean that the variable working condition considered P2X scheduling operation model described by the formulas (1) to (7) is embedded into the traditional power scheduling operation problem, and the formulas (1) to (7) are combined to form the constraint, which is expressed as the formula (29):
formulae (1) - (7) (28);
the supply system balance equation constraint for each X is expressed as shown in equation (30):
Figure FDA0002973003010000071
where equation (29) is the supply chain equilibrium equation for each X, DXRepresenting the corresponding X load demand.
5. The method for scheduling and operating the power system according to claim 4, wherein the solving process in the step 3 comprises the following sub-steps:
substep S31: forming an optimized dispatching operation model according to the step 2 in simultaneous (8) - (29);
substep S32: inputting the optimized scheduling operation model obtained in the substep S31 and the boundary condition into Cplex solving software for optimization solving;
substep S33: outputting a scheduling operation strategy obtained by optimization calculation, including PG、PW、PPV、PB,Cha、PB,DisAnd P of varying conditionsX,EleElectric power of each device.
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