CN112968459B - Tap control method based on homopolar converter transformer tap fixed deviation alternating control - Google Patents

Tap control method based on homopolar converter transformer tap fixed deviation alternating control Download PDF

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CN112968459B
CN112968459B CN202110162426.7A CN202110162426A CN112968459B CN 112968459 B CN112968459 B CN 112968459B CN 202110162426 A CN202110162426 A CN 202110162426A CN 112968459 B CN112968459 B CN 112968459B
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tap
converter transformer
end converter
low
control
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CN112968459A (en
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时伟光
冯利君
成小胜
杜建忠
郝成龙
王克胜
李平伟
赵宇亭
赵明君
张辉
斛冬冬
张伟
任春光
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MAINTENANCE BRANCH OF STATE GRID SHANXI ELECTRIC POWER Co
Taiyuan University of Technology
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MAINTENANCE BRANCH OF STATE GRID SHANXI ELECTRIC POWER Co
Taiyuan University of Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/60—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]

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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of converter transformer tap control of a rectification station of an extra-high voltage direct current transmission system, in particular to a tap control method of the high voltage direct current transmission system based on homopolar converter transformer tap fixed deviation alternating control. The invention solves the problem of frequent action of the traditional fixed-angle control tap. The control method ensures that the same-high-low-end converter transformer tap is alternately involved in control by selecting the same-high-low-end converter transformer tap starting signals on the premise of ensuring that the deviation of the same-high-low-end converter transformer tap is controllable, thereby maintaining the normal operation of the whole double-12 pulse series system, effectively reducing tap action times and reducing the operation and maintenance investment of the station end of the rectifying station. The method is suitable for the technical field of control of the rectifying side converter transformer tap in the ultra-high voltage direct current transmission system, the constant current control of the rectifying side converter and the constant voltage control mode of the inverting side converter, and has good economical efficiency and applicability.

Description

Tap control method based on homopolar converter transformer tap fixed deviation alternating control
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of converter transformer tap control of a rectification station of an extra-high voltage direct current transmission system, in particular to a tap control method based on homopolar converter transformer tap fixed deviation alternating control.
Background
The high-voltage direct-current transmission technology has the advantages of high transmission power and good stability, and is widely applied to the fields of long-distance transmission, cross-region and cross-frequency power grid interconnection, so that the optimal configuration of power resources is realized. The converter valve and the on-load voltage regulating device of the converter transformer are controlled to form a main control link of the high-voltage direct-current transmission system, wherein the valve control part is mainly used for coping with transient changes of the direct-current transmission system, the response is quicker, the converter transformer tap control is generally driven by a mechanical device, the action is relatively slow, and the valve control part is mainly used for limiting specific operation indexes in a dead zone range. The common control method is constant current control at the rectifying side, wherein the tap control triggering angle is used in the dead zone range, constant voltage or predictive arc extinction angle control is adopted at the inverting side, and the tap control arc extinction angle or direct current voltage at the rectifying side is used in the dead zone range. At present, an extra-high voltage direct current transmission project in operation mostly adopts a double 12-pulse converter series structure, and in order to ensure the consistency of valve group trigger pulses, respective pre-control trigger angles are calculated by utilizing current, voltage or angle deviation control modules at two sides and are converted into uniform pulse trigger signals to be sent to each converter valve unit.
The rectification station tap fixed angle control has good dynamic response performance, and can keep the trigger angle running at a lower level, so that the utilization efficiency of the converter is improved, and the reactive power loss of the station end is reduced. However, the problem of frequent action of the tap is caused, the maintenance period of the on-load voltage regulating device of the converter transformer is shortened, the mechanical life loss of related primary equipment is accelerated, meanwhile, the increase of the tap action times can cause the increase of the failure rate of control, protection and communication links, and potential safety hazards are brought to the operation and maintenance of the converter station transformer. It is therefore necessary to improve the existing control methods and further reduce the tap operation times while ensuring that the firing angle is in a controllable range.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention designs a tap control method of a high-voltage direct-current power transmission system based on homopolar converter transformer tap constant deviation alternating control.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
step 1, collecting the same high-end converter transformer Tap gear tap_H and the same low-end converter transformer Tap gear tap_L, and inputting the same high-end converter transformer Tap gear tap_H and the same low-end converter transformer Tap gear tap_L into an arithmetic unit to obtain an absolute difference K= |tap_H-tap_L|.
And step 2, setting allowable deviation N of the high-low end converter transformer tap, wherein N is more than or equal to 1. The allowable deviation amount needs to avoid the overvoltage protection action of the homopolar double valve group, and meanwhile, bus harmonic wave is ensured to be in an acceptable range, and the insulation of the M-type lightning arrester is not damaged.
And step 3, comparing an actual absolute difference K of the gear of the high-end converter transformer Tap with an allowable deviation N, and when the absolute difference K is smaller than the allowable deviation N, preferentially selecting the high-end converter transformer Tap for control, sending an enabling signal (tap_H enabling), and locking the low-end converter transformer Tap.
And step 4, judging whether the trigger angle alpha is out of limit, if so, executing gear shifting operation on the high-end converter transformer tap, and if not, locking the converter transformer tap.
Step 5, following step 3, when the absolute difference value K reaches or exceeds the allowable deviation value N, comparing the actual value of the gear of the high-low-end converter transformer tap:
if tap_H is more than tap_L, and the trigger angle meets the action condition, sending out an UP-shift signal (UP trigger), selecting a low-end converter transformer action (tap_L enabling) preferentially, and locking a high-end converter transformer Tap; if the trigger angle sends out a DOWN shift signal (DOWN trigger), the high-end converter transformer action (tap_H enable) is preferentially selected, and the low-end converter transformer Tap is locked; if the trigger angle is kept in the dead zone range, the tap is not operated, and the gear shifting operation is executed when the condition is met.
If tap_H is smaller than tap_L, and the trigger angle meets the action condition, sending out a gear-increasing signal, preferentially selecting high-end converter transformer action (tap_H enabling), and locking a low-end converter transformer Tap; if the trigger angle sends out a downshift signal, a low-end converter transformer action (tap_L enabling) is selected preferentially, and a high-end converter transformer Tap is locked; if the trigger angle is kept in the dead zone range, the tap is not operated, and the gear shifting operation is executed when the condition is met.
And taking the power-up operation working condition of the direct-current transmission system into consideration, adopting a control mode that the rectification station is controlled by constant current, the tap limiting trigger angle alpha range is in the dead zone range, the inversion station is controlled by constant voltage, and the tap limiting arc extinction angle is in the dead zone range. The dc current Id rises from 0.1pu to 1.0pu. The firing angle is rated value alpha N The initial gear of the high-low end converter transformer tap is T 0 It is assumed that the ac system voltage regulation and reactive compensation are sufficient to maintain the converter transformer network side voltage constant. The change in commutation reactance is ignored.
(1) In the initial stage, K=0, the trigger angle is not out of limit, the converter transformer tap does not act, as the direct current rises, the trigger angle is reduced from a rated value to a lower limit value, the first round of angle circulation is finished, and the high-end converter transformer tap acts to be enabled. The operation process meets the following formula:
Figure GDA0004077783790000031
wherein U is 1 For primary side ac voltage of converter transformer, T N For tap rated gear, deltaU is gear distance, eta N To estimate the transformation ratio, alpha downlimit For the lower limit of the trigger angle, xr is the commutation reactance, id 0 Is the initial value of DC current, id 1 When the trigger angle a is changed from the rated value to the limit value, the direct current is changed from Id 0 Change to Id 1 。
(2) After the trigger angle alpha is out of limit, tap_H is increased by 1 gear, and tap_L is kept unchanged. Neglecting the influence of the gear difference of the high-low end converter transformer tap on the trigger angle, and the action process of the trigger angle meets the following formula:
Figure GDA0004077783790000041
wherein T is H1 And the gear of the high-end converter transformer tap after the 1 st gear shift is indicated.
(3) After gear shifting is finished, as the direct current rises, the trigger angle is formed by alpha 1 Down to alpha downlimit The second round of angle cycle is finished, and the operation process meets the following formula:
Figure GDA0004077783790000042
wherein Id 2 Representing the firing angle from alpha 1 When the operation limit is reached, the DC current is equal to Id 1 Change to Id 2 。
(4) Similarly, when the n-th voltage of the high-end converter transformer tap is regulated, the trigger angle is changed from alpha n Down to alpha downlimit And then, the actual difference value of the gear of the high-low end converter transformer Tap reaches the allowable deviation value, tap_L is enabled at the moment, and after the trigger angle alpha is out of limit, the low-end converter transformer Tap is started to act, so that the following formula is satisfied:
Figure GDA0004077783790000043
/>
Figure GDA0004077783790000044
wherein T is L1 Representing the gear position, id after the 1 st gear position of the low-end converter transformer tap in the power increasing process n+1 Representing the firing angle alpha n Dc current value Id when reaching operation limit n+2 Representing the firing angle from alpha n+1 When the operation limit is reached, the DC current is equal to Id n+1 Change to Id n+2 。
(5) When the action times of the low-end converter transformer Tap reaches n, tap_H is enabled, and the low-end converter transformer Tap is closed again to reciprocate until the direct current Id reaches 1.0pu and the trigger angle is not out of limit.
Considering the power reduction operation condition of the direct current transmission system, the direct current is reduced from 1.0pu to 0.1pu, and the trigger angle rating alpha N The initial gear of the high-low end converter transformer tap is T N 。
(1) At the beginning, K=0, the trigger angle is not out of limit, the converter transformer tap does not act, as the direct current is reduced, the trigger angle rises from the rated value to the upper limit value, the first round of angle circulation is finished, and the high-end converter transformer tap acts to be enabled. The operation process meets the following formula:
Figure GDA0004077783790000051
wherein alpha is uplimit Is the upper limit value of the trigger angle.
(2) After the trigger angle alpha is out of limit, tap_H is reduced by 1 gear, and tap_L is kept unchanged. The action process meets the following formula:
Figure GDA0004077783790000053
wherein T is H(N-1) The gear is the gear after the 1 st gear shift of the high-end converter transformer tap in the power reduction process.
(3) After gear shifting is finished, as the direct current is reduced, the trigger angle is changed from alpha 1 Rise to alpha uplimit The second round of angle cycle is finished, and the operation process meets the following formula:
Figure GDA0004077783790000052
(4) Similarly, when the n-th voltage of the high-end converter transformer tap is regulated, the trigger angle is changed from alpha n Rise to alpha uplimit After that, the actual difference value of the gear of the high-low end converter transformer tap reaches the allowable valueThe permissible deviation amount is that tap_L is enabled at the moment, and after the triggering angle alpha is out of limit, the action of the low-end converter transformer Tap is started to meet the following formula:
Figure GDA0004077783790000062
Figure GDA0004077783790000061
wherein T is L(N-1) The gear is the gear after the 1 st gear shift of the low-end converter transformer tap in the power reduction process.
(5) When the action times of the low-end converter transformer Tap reaches n, tap_H is enabled, and the low-end converter transformer Tap is closed again to reciprocate until the direct current Id reaches 0.1pu and the trigger angle is not out of limit.
Compared with the prior art, the tap control method for the high-voltage direct-current transmission system based on homopolar converter transformer tap fixed deviation alternating control has the advantages that: (1) The problem of frequent action of the tap by adopting the fixed angle control method is effectively solved, the operation and maintenance investment of the station end of the rectifying station is reduced, and the ageing of the mechanical life of the tap device is delayed. (2) The unnecessary control process of partial converter transformer taps is avoided, and the utilization efficiency of equipment is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a tap control block diagram of a high-voltage direct-current transmission system based on homopolar converter transformer tap fixed deviation alternating control, which is related to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a plot of tap motion and firing angle fluctuation in an embodiment of the present invention using the method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a plot of tap motion and firing angle fluctuation for the implementation of the method of the present invention in a reduced power operating condition.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a tap control method of a high-voltage direct-current transmission system based on homopolar converter transformer tap fixed deviation alternating control, which is specifically developed as follows:
step 1, collecting the gear tap_H of the same high-end converter transformer Tap and the Tap tap_L of the same low-end converter transformer Tap, and inputting the gear tap_H and the Tap tap_L into an arithmetic unit to obtain an absolute difference K= |tap_H-tap_L|.
And 2, setting the allowable deviation N of the high-low end converter transformer tap to be 1.
And step 3, comparing the actual absolute difference value of the gear of the high-end converter transformer Tap with the allowable deviation value, and when the absolute difference value K of the actual absolute difference value K is smaller than 1, preferentially selecting the high-end converter transformer Tap for control, sending an enabling signal (tap_H enabling), and locking the low-end converter transformer Tap.
Step 4, judging whether the trigger angle alpha is out of limit, if so
Figure GDA0004077783790000071
I.e. out of limit, the high-end converter tap performs a gear shifting operation, and if the trigger angle alpha is not out of limit, the converter tap does not act.
And step 5, connecting step 3, and comparing the actual gear value of the high-low-end converter transformer tap when the absolute difference value reaches or exceeds the allowable value.
If tap_H is more than tap_L, and the trigger angle meets the action condition, sending out an UP-shift signal (UP trigger), selecting a low-end converter transformer action (tap_L enabling) preferentially, and locking a high-end converter transformer Tap; if the firing angle issues a downshift signal (DOWN trigger), tap_H is enabled and the low-side converter Tap is blocked. If the trigger angle is kept in the dead zone range, the tap is not operated, and the gear shifting operation is executed when the condition is met.
If tap_H is smaller than tap_L, and the trigger angle sends out an upshift signal, a high-end converter transformer action (tap_H enabling) is preferentially selected, and a low-end converter transformer Tap is locked; if the trigger angle sends out a downshift signal, tap_L is started to enable, and the high-end converter transformer Tap is locked. If the trigger angle is kept in the dead zone range, the tap is not operated, and the gear shifting operation is executed when the condition is met.
Considering the power-up operation condition of the direct-current transmission system, the direct-current Id is increased from 0.1pu to 1.0pu. The trigger angle is 15 DEG with the rated value and is highThe initial gear of the low-end converter transformer tap is T 0 It is assumed that the ac system voltage regulation and reactive compensation are sufficient to maintain the converter transformer network side voltage constant. The change in commutation reactance is ignored.
(1) In the initial stage, the trigger angle is not out of limit, the converter transformer tap does not act, the trigger angle is reduced to the lower limit value of 12.5 degrees along with the rising of direct current, the first round of angle circulation is finished, and the high-end converter transformer tap acts and is enabled. The operation process meets the following formula:
Figure GDA0004077783790000081
(2) After the trigger angle alpha is out of limit, tap_H is increased by 1 gear, and tap_L is kept unchanged. Neglecting the influence of the gear difference of the high-low end converter transformer tap on the trigger angle, and the action process of the trigger angle meets the following formula:
Figure GDA0004077783790000082
(3) After gear shifting is finished, as the direct current rises, the trigger angle is formed by alpha 1 And the angle is reduced to 12.5 DEG, the second round of angle circulation is finished, and the operation process meets the following formula:
Figure GDA0004077783790000083
(4) At this time, tap_l is enabled, and after the triggering angle α is out of limit, the Tap action of the low-end converter transformer is started, which satisfies the following formula:
Figure GDA0004077783790000084
Figure GDA0004077783790000085
(5) In this way, the DC current Id reaches 1.0pu, and the trigger angle is not out of limit.
Considering the power reduction operation working condition of the direct current transmission system, the direct current is reduced from 1.0pu to 0.1pu, the rated value of the trigger angle is 15 DEG, and the initial gear of the high-end converter transformer tap and the low-end converter transformer tap are both T N 。
(1) The initial trigger angle is not out of limit, the converter transformer tap does not act, the trigger angle rises to 17.5 degrees along with the reduction of direct current, the first round of angle circulation is finished, and the high-end converter transformer tap acts and is enabled. The operation process meets the following formula:
Figure GDA0004077783790000091
(2) After the trigger angle alpha is out of limit, tap_H is reduced by 1 gear, and tap_L is kept unchanged. The action process meets the following formula:
α 1 ＝arccos[(1-(T H(N-1) -T N )×1.25％)cos17.5°] (7)
(3) After gear shifting is finished, as the direct current is reduced, the trigger angle is changed from alpha 1 Rising to 17.5 degrees, ending the second round of angle circulation, wherein the operation process meets the following formula:
Figure GDA0004077783790000092
(4) At this time, tap_l is enabled, and after the triggering angle α is out of limit, the Tap action of the low-end converter transformer is started, which satisfies the following formula:
α 2 ＝arccos[(1-(T L(N-1) -T N )×1.25％)cos17.5°] (9)
Figure GDA0004077783790000093
(5) In this way, the DC current Id reaches 0.1pu, and the trigger angle is not out of limit.

Claims (1)

1. The tap control method based on homopolar converter transformer tap fixed deviation alternating control is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, acquiring the same high-end converter transformer Tap gear tap_H and the same low-end converter transformer Tap gear tap_L, and solving an absolute difference K= |tap_H-tap_L|;
step 2, setting allowable deviation N of a high-low end converter transformer tap;
step 3, comparing an actual absolute difference K of the gear of the high-low-end converter transformer tap with an allowable deviation N, and when the absolute difference K is smaller than the allowable deviation N, preferentially selecting the high-end converter transformer tap for control, sending an enabling signal and locking the low-end converter transformer tap;
step 4, judging whether the trigger angle alpha is out of limit, if so, executing gear shifting operation by the high-end converter transformer tap, and if not, locking the converter transformer tap;
step 5, when the absolute difference value K reaches or exceeds the allowable deviation value N, comparing the actual value of the gear of the high-low-end converter transformer tap:
if tap_H is more than tap_L, and the trigger angle is out of limit and an upshift signal is sent out, the low-end converter transformer action is preferentially selected, and the high-end converter transformer Tap is locked; if the trigger angle is out of limit and a downshift signal is sent, the high-end converter transformer action is preferentially selected, and the low-end converter transformer tap is locked; if the trigger angle is not out of limit, the tap does not act, and the gear shifting operation is executed when the condition is met;
if tap_H is smaller than tap_L, and the trigger angle is out of limit and an upshift signal is sent out, the high-end converter transformer action is preferentially selected, and the low-end converter transformer Tap is locked; if the trigger angle is out of limit and a downshift signal is sent, the low-end converter transformer action is preferentially selected, and the high-end converter transformer tap is locked; if the trigger angle is not out of limit, the tap does not act, and the gear shifting operation is executed when the condition is met.
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