CN112968459A - Tap control method based on fixed deviation alternate control of homopolar commutation variable tap - Google Patents

Tap control method based on fixed deviation alternate control of homopolar commutation variable tap Download PDF

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CN112968459A
CN112968459A CN202110162426.7A CN202110162426A CN112968459A CN 112968459 A CN112968459 A CN 112968459A CN 202110162426 A CN202110162426 A CN 202110162426A CN 112968459 A CN112968459 A CN 112968459A
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tap
converter transformer
end converter
low
control
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CN112968459B (en
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时伟光
冯利君
成小胜
杜建忠
郝成龙
王克胜
李平伟
赵宇亭
赵明君
张辉
斛冬冬
张伟
任春光
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Taiyuan University of Technology
Maintenance Branch of State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Co Ltd
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Taiyuan University of Technology
Maintenance Branch of State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/60—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]

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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of control of a converter transformer tap of a rectification station of an extra-high voltage direct current transmission system, in particular to a tap control method of a high voltage direct current transmission system based on fixed deviation alternative control of a homopolar converter transformer tap. The invention solves the problem of frequent action of the traditional fixed angle control tap. The control method selects the starting signals of the same-high-end and low-end converter transformer tap, and alternately participates in control on the premise of ensuring the controllable deviation amount of the same-high-end and low-end converter transformer tap, so that the normal operation of the whole double-12-pulse series system is maintained, the tap action times are effectively reduced, and the operation and maintenance investment of the station end of the rectifier station is reduced. The invention is suitable for the technical field of tap control of the converter transformer at the rectification side under the constant current control mode of the converter at the rectification side and the constant voltage control mode of the converter at the inversion side of an extra-high voltage direct current transmission system, and has good economical efficiency and applicability.

Description

Tap control method based on fixed deviation alternate control of homopolar commutation variable tap
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of control of a converter transformer tap of a rectifying station of an extra-high voltage direct current transmission system, in particular to a tap control method based on fixed deviation alternative control of a homopolar converter transformer tap.
Background
The high-voltage direct-current transmission technology has the advantages of high transmission power and good stability, and is widely applied to the fields of long-distance transmission, trans-regional and trans-frequency power grid interconnection, so that the optimal configuration of power resources is realized. The converter valve and the converter transformer on-load voltage regulation device are controlled to form a main control link of the high-voltage direct-current transmission system, wherein the valve control part is mainly used for dealing with transient change of the direct-current transmission system, the response is quick, the converter transformer tap control is generally transmitted through a mechanical device, the action is slow, and the converter transformer tap control is mainly used for limiting specific operation indexes within a dead zone range. The common control method is constant current control at the rectification side, a tap is used for controlling a trigger angle within a dead zone range, a constant voltage or prediction type arc-quenching angle control is adopted at the inversion side, and the tap is used for controlling the arc-quenching angle or direct current voltage at the rectification side within the dead zone range. At present, a series structure of double 12-pulse converters is adopted in an operating extra-high voltage direct-current transmission project, in order to ensure consistency of trigger pulses of valve groups, current, voltage or angle deviation control modules on two sides are utilized to calculate respective pre-control trigger angles, the pre-control trigger angles are converted into uniform pulse trigger signals, and the uniform pulse trigger signals are sent to each converter valve unit.
The constant-angle control of the tapping point of the rectifier station has good dynamic response performance, and the trigger angle can be kept to operate at a lower level, so that the utilization efficiency of the converter is improved, and the reactive loss of the station end is reduced. However, the problem of frequent action of the tap is brought, the overhaul period of the on-load voltage regulation device of the converter transformer is shortened, the mechanical service life loss of related primary equipment is accelerated, and meanwhile, the failure rate of control, protection and communication links is increased due to the increase of the action times of the tap, so that potential safety hazards are brought to the operation and maintenance of the converter transformer of the converter station. It is therefore desirable to improve upon existing control methods to further reduce the number of tap actions while maintaining a firing angle within a controllable range.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention designs a high-voltage direct-current power transmission system tap control method based on homopolar commutation variable-tap fixed deviation alternative control, aiming at solving the problem that a tap frequently acts in the traditional fixed angle control method and overcoming the defects of the prior art.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
step 1, a homopolar high-end converter transformer joint gear Tap _ H and a low-end converter transformer joint gear Tap _ L are collected and input to an arithmetic unit to calculate an absolute difference value K to be | Tap _ H-Tap _ L |.
And 2, setting the allowable deviation amount N of the high-low end converter transformer tap, wherein N is more than or equal to 1. The allowable deviation value needs to be set to avoid overvoltage protection action of the homopolar double-valve group, meanwhile, the bus harmonic wave is ensured to be within an acceptable range, and the insulation of the M-type lightning arrester is not damaged.
And 3, comparing the actual absolute difference K of the gear of the high-low end converter transformer Tap with the allowable deviation N, and preferentially selecting the control of the high-end converter transformer Tap to send an enabling signal (Tap _ H enabling) and simultaneously locking the low-end converter transformer Tap when the absolute difference K is smaller than the allowable deviation N.
And 4, judging whether the trigger angle alpha is out of limit, if so, executing gear shifting operation by the high-end converter transformer-tap, and if not, locking the converter transformer-tap.
And 5, step 3, when the absolute difference K reaches or exceeds the allowable deviation amount N, comparing the actual gear value of the low-end converter transformer tap with the actual gear value of the high-end converter transformer tap:
if Tap _ H is larger than Tap _ L and the trigger angle meets the action condition, sending a gear-increasing signal (UP trigger), preferentially selecting the low-end converter transformer action (Tap _ L enabling) and locking the high-end converter transformer tapping head; if the trigger angle sends a downshift signal (DOWN trigger), the high-end converter transformer action is preferentially selected (Tap _ H is enabled), and the low-end converter transformer Tap is locked; if the trigger angle is kept in the dead zone range, the tap joints do not act, and the gear shifting operation is executed when the conditions are met.
If Tap _ H is less than Tap _ L and the trigger angle meets the action condition, a gear-increasing signal is sent out, high-end converter transformer action (enabled by Tap _ H) is preferentially selected, and a low-end converter transformer Tap is locked; if the trigger angle sends a downshift signal, the low-end converter transformer action (Tap _ L enabled) is preferentially selected, and the high-end converter transformer Tap is locked; if the trigger angle is kept in the dead zone range, the tap joints do not act, and the gear shifting operation is executed when the conditions are met.
The method is characterized in that the boost power operation condition of a direct current transmission system is considered, constant current control of a rectifier station is adopted, a tap limits the trigger angle alpha range to be within a dead zone range, constant voltage control of an inverter station is adopted, and a tap limits the arc extinguishing angle to be within the dead zone range. The dc current Id rises from 0.1pu to 1.0 pu. The firing angle being a nominal value alphaNThe initial gears of the high-low end converter transformer tap are all T0It is assumed that the ac system voltage regulation and reactive compensation are sufficient to maintain the converter transformer network side voltage constant. The change in commutation reactance is ignored.
(1) In the initial stage, K is equal to 0, the trigger angle is not out of limit, the converter transformer tap does not act, the trigger angle is reduced from a rated value to a lower limit value along with the increase of the direct current, the first wheel angle cycle is ended, and the action of the high-end converter transformer tap is enabled. The operation process of the device meets the following formula:
Figure BDA0002935981500000031
wherein, U1For the primary side AC voltage, T, of the converter transformerNIs a tap rated gear, and Delta U is a span, etaNAt a rated transformation ratio of alphadownlimitFor lower limit of firing angle, Xr is commutation reactance, Id0Is an initial value of DC current, Id1When the firing angle a is changed from the rated value to the limit value, the direct current is changed from Id0To Id1。
(2) After the trigger angle alpha is out of limit, Tap _ H is raised to 1 gear, and Tap _ L is kept unchanged. Neglecting the influence of the gear difference of the high-low end converter transformer tap on the trigger angle, the action process of the converter transformer tap meets the following formula:
Figure BDA0002935981500000041
wherein, TH1And the gear of the high-end converter transformer tap after the 1 st gear shifting is shown.
(3) After the gear shifting is finished, the triggering angle is changed from alpha along with the rising of the direct current1Down to alphadownlimitAnd the second wheel angle cycle is ended, and the operation process meets the following formula:
Figure BDA0002935981500000042
wherein Id2Indicating a firing angle of alpha1When the operating limit is reached, the DC current is driven from Id1To Id2。
(4) By analogy, when the high-end converter transformer tap regulates the voltage for the nth time and the trigger angle is regulated by alphanDown to alphadownlimitThen, the actual difference value of the high-low end converter transformer Tap reaches the allowable deviation value, and at the moment, TapL is enabled, and after the triggering angle alpha is out of limit, the low-end converter transformer sub-joint is started to act, so that the following formula is satisfied:
Figure BDA0002935981500000043
Figure BDA0002935981500000044
wherein, TL1Represents the gear Id after the 1 st gear shifting of the low-end converter transformer adapter in the power-up processn+1Indicating the firing angle alphanDC current value Id at the time of reaching the operation limitn+2Indicating a firing angle of alphan+1When the operating limit is reached, the DC current is driven from Idn+1To Idn+2。
(5) When the number of times of the action of the low-end converter transformer Tap reaches n, the Tap _ H is enabled, the action of the low-end converter transformer Tap is locked again, and the operation is repeated until the direct current Id reaches 1.0pu, and the trigger angle is not out of limit.
Considering the power-down operation condition of the direct-current transmission system, the direct current is reduced from 1.0pu to 0.1pu, and the rated value alpha of the trigger angleNThe initial gears of the high-low end converter transformer tap are all TN。
(1) And initially K is 0, the trigger angle is not out of limit, the converter transformer tap does not act, the trigger angle is increased from a rated value to an upper limit value along with the reduction of the direct current, the first wheel angle cycle is ended, and the action of the high-end converter transformer tap is enabled. The operation process of the device meets the following formula:
Figure BDA0002935981500000051
wherein alpha isuplimitIs the firing angle upper limit value.
(2) After the trigger angle alpha is out of limit, the Tap _ H is reduced by 1 gear, and the Tap _ L is kept unchanged. The action process of the device meets the following formula:
Figure BDA0002935981500000053
wherein, TH(N-1)The gear after the 1 st gear shifting of the high-end converter transformer adapter in the power reduction process is achieved.
(3) After the gear shifting is finished, the triggering angle is changed from alpha along with the reduction of the direct current1Is raised to alphauplimitAnd the second wheel angle cycle is ended, and the operation process meets the following formula:
Figure BDA0002935981500000052
(4) by analogy, when the high-end converter transformer tap regulates the voltage for the nth time and the trigger angle is regulated by alphanIs raised to alphauplimitAnd then, the actual difference value of the gears of the high-end and low-end converter transformer sub-joints reaches an allowable deviation value, at the moment, Tap _ L is enabled, and after the trigger angle alpha is out of limit, the low-end converter transformer sub-joints are started to act, so that the following formula is met:
Figure BDA0002935981500000062
Figure BDA0002935981500000061
wherein, TL(N-1)The gear after the 1 st gear shifting of the low-end converter transformer adapter in the power reduction process is achieved.
(5) When the number of times of the action of the low-end converter transformer Tap reaches n, the Tap _ H is enabled, the action of the low-end converter transformer Tap is locked again, and the operation is repeated until the direct current Id reaches 0.1pu, and the trigger angle is not out of limit.
Compared with the prior art, the high-voltage direct-current power transmission system tap control method based on the homopolar commutation transformer tap fixed deviation alternative control has the advantages and positive effects that: (1) the problem that the time-division joint frequently acts by adopting a fixed angle control method is effectively solved, the operation and maintenance investment of the station end of the rectifier station is reduced, and the aging of the mechanical life of the joint device is delayed. (2) And a part of the converter transformer sub-joints are prevented from participating in an unnecessary control process, and the utilization efficiency of the equipment is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of tap control of a high voltage direct current transmission system based on fixed deviation alternative control of homopolar commutation variable tap according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of tap motion and firing angle ripple when the method of the present invention is used in a boost operating condition in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 3 is a graph of tap motion and firing angle ripple when the method of the present invention is used in a reduced power operating condition.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a high-voltage direct-current transmission system tap control method based on homopolar commutation variable-tap fixed deviation alternative control, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, a gear Tap _ H of the homopolar high-end converter transformer joint and a gear Tap _ L of the low-end converter transformer joint are collected and input into an arithmetic unit to calculate an absolute difference value K to be | Tap _ H-Tap _ L |.
And 2, setting the allowable deviation amount N of the high-low end converter transformer tap as 1.
And 3, comparing the actual absolute difference value and the allowable deviation amount of the gear of the high-low end converter transformer Tap, and preferentially selecting the control of the high-end converter transformer Tap when the absolute difference value K of the actual absolute difference value and the allowable deviation amount of the gear of the high-low end converter transformer Tap is less than 1, sending an enable signal (Tap _ H enable), and simultaneously locking the low-end converter transformer Tap.
Step 4, judging whether the triggering angle alpha exceeds the limit or not, if so, judging whether the triggering angle alpha exceeds the limit
Figure BDA0002935981500000071
Namely, the high-end converter transformer sub-joint executes the gear shifting operation if the trigger angle alpha is not out of limit, and the converter transformer sub-joint does not act.
And 5, step 3, when the absolute difference value reaches or exceeds an allowable value, comparing the actual value of the gear of the high-low end converter transformer tap with the actual value of the gear of the low-high end converter transformer tap.
If Tap _ H is larger than Tap _ L and the trigger angle meets the action condition, sending a gear-increasing signal (UP trigger), preferentially selecting the low-end converter transformer action (Tap _ L enabling) and locking the high-end converter transformer tapping head; if the trigger angle sends a downshift signal (DOWN trigger), the Tap _ H is started to enable, and the lower end converter transformer Tap is locked. If the trigger angle is kept in the dead zone range, the tap joints do not act, and the gear shifting operation is executed when the conditions are met.
If Tap _ H is less than Tap _ L and the trigger angle sends a gear-up signal at the same time, the high-end and low-end converter transformer action is preferentially selected (Tap _ H is enabled) to lock the high-end converter transformer tapping head; and if the trigger angle sends a downshift signal, starting the Tap _ L to enable, and locking the high-end converter transformer Tap. If the trigger angle is kept in the dead zone range, the tap joints do not act, and the gear shifting operation is executed when the conditions are met.
Considering the boost operating condition of the direct current transmission system, the direct current Id is boosted from 0.1pu to 1.0 pu. The triggering angle is rated value 15 degrees, and the initial gears of the high-low end converter transformer tap are all T0It is assumed that the ac system voltage regulation and reactive compensation are sufficient to maintain the converter transformer network side voltage constant. The change in commutation reactance is ignored.
(1) In the initial stage, the trigger angle is not out of limit, the converter transformer tap does not act, the trigger angle is reduced to the lower limit value of 12.5 degrees along with the rise of the direct current, the first wheel angle cycle is finished, and the action of the high-end converter transformer tap is enabled. The operation process of the device meets the following formula:
Figure BDA0002935981500000081
(2) after the trigger angle alpha is out of limit, Tap _ H is raised to 1 gear, and Tap _ L is kept unchanged. Neglecting the influence of the gear difference of the high-low end converter transformer tap on the trigger angle, the action process of the converter transformer tap meets the following formula:
Figure BDA0002935981500000082
(3) after the gear shifting is finished, the triggering angle is changed from alpha along with the rising of the direct current1Down to 12.5 deg., the second wheel angle cycle ends, which has run throughThe equation satisfies the following formula:
Figure BDA0002935981500000083
(4) at the moment, Tap _ L is enabled, and after the triggering angle alpha is out of limit, the low-end converter transformer Tap is started to act, so that the following formula is satisfied:
Figure BDA0002935981500000084
Figure BDA0002935981500000085
(5) the above steps are repeated until the direct current Id reaches 1.0pu, and the trigger angle is not out of limit.
Considering the power reduction operation condition of the direct current transmission system, the direct current is reduced from 1.0pu to 0.1pu, the rated value of a trigger angle is 15 degrees, and the initial gears of the high-end and low-end converter transformer tap are all TN。
(1) And if the initial trigger angle is not out of limit, the converter transformer tap does not act, the trigger angle is increased to 17.5 degrees along with the reduction of the direct current, the first wheel angle cycle is ended, and the action of the high-end converter transformer tap is enabled. The operation process of the device meets the following formula:
Figure BDA0002935981500000091
(2) after the trigger angle alpha is out of limit, the Tap _ H is reduced by 1 gear, and the Tap _ L is kept unchanged. The action process of the device meets the following formula:
α1＝arccos[(1-(TH(N-1)-TN)×1.25％)cos17.5°] (7)
(3) after the gear shifting is finished, the triggering angle is changed from alpha along with the reduction of the direct current1And when the angle rises to 17.5 degrees, the second wheel angle cycle is ended, and the operation process meets the following formula:
Figure BDA0002935981500000092
(4) at the moment, Tap _ L is enabled, and after the triggering angle alpha is out of limit, the low-end converter transformer Tap is started to act, so that the following formula is satisfied:
α2＝arccos[(1-(TL(N-1)-TN)×1.25％)cos17.5°] (9)
Figure BDA0002935981500000093
(5) the above steps are repeated until the direct current Id reaches 0.1pu, and the trigger angle is not out of limit.

Claims (1)

1. The tap control method based on the fixed deviation alternate control of the homopolar commutation variable tap is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, acquiring a homopolar high-end converter transformer sub-connector gear Tap _ H and a low-end converter transformer sub-connector gear Tap _ L, and solving an absolute difference value K = | Tap _ H-Tap _ L |;
step 2, setting the allowable deviation amount N of the high-low end converter transformer tap;
step 3, comparing the actual absolute difference K and the allowable deviation N of the gear of the high-low end converter transformer sub, and preferentially selecting the control of the high-end converter transformer sub to send an enabling signal and lock the low-end converter transformer sub when the absolute difference K is smaller than the allowable deviation N;
step 4, judging whether the trigger angle alpha exceeds the limit, if so, executing gear shifting operation by the high-end converter transformer sub-connector, and if not, locking the converter transformer sub-connector;
and 5, when the absolute difference K reaches or exceeds the allowable deviation amount N, comparing the actual value of the gear of the low-end converter transformer tap:
if Tap _ H is larger than Tap _ L and the trigger angle meets the action condition, a gear-increasing signal is sent out, the low-end converter transformer action is preferentially selected, and the high-end converter transformer tapping joint is locked; if the trigger angle sends a downshift signal, the high-end converter transformer action is preferentially selected, and the low-end converter transformer tap is locked; if the trigger angle is kept in the dead zone range, the tap joints do not act, and the gear shifting operation is executed when the conditions are met;
if Tap _ H is less than Tap _ L and the trigger angle meets the action condition, a gear-increasing signal is sent out, the high-end converter transformer action is preferentially selected, and the low-end converter transformer tapping joint is locked; if the trigger angle sends a downshift signal, the low-end converter transformer action is preferentially selected, and the high-end converter transformer tap is locked; if the trigger angle is kept in the dead zone range, the tap joints do not act, and the gear shifting operation is executed when the conditions are met.
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