CN112964791A - Pipeline pitting acoustic simulation testing device and method based on visualization constant load effect - Google Patents
Pipeline pitting acoustic simulation testing device and method based on visualization constant load effect Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A pipeline pitting acoustic simulation testing device and method based on visualization constant load action belongs to the technical field of pipeline damage monitoring. In the device, a test piece is arranged on a support frame, one end of the test piece is closed, the other end of the test piece is connected with a pipeline, the pipeline is positioned at the outer end of a clamping plate of the support frame, a pressure gauge, a valve and a water pump are arranged on the pipeline, and the tail end of the pipeline is connected with a water tank; the test piece is provided with a corrosion point, the reference electrode and the auxiliary electrode are respectively arranged on two sides of the corrosion point, the working electrode is arranged at the corrosion point, and the reference electrode, the working electrode and the auxiliary electrode are all connected with an electrochemical detection system; the DIC high-speed microscopic imaging system is used for acquiring image information of corrosion points; the two heating coils are arranged on the test piece on two sides of the overlooking point respectively; the acoustic emission sensor is arranged on the test piece and located on the outermost side far away from the water injection pipeline, and the acoustic emission sensor is sequentially connected with the preamplifier and the acoustic emission system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pipeline damage monitoring, relates to an acoustic emission detection technology, and particularly relates to an application of acoustic emission monitoring on pipeline corrosion.
Background
In the industrial production process, pipeline pitting is a common damage form, and the pitting appearance is hidden, but the hazard is huge. It is the main cause of stress corrosion cracking of pipelines, resulting in huge economic losses. The cracks of the pipeline are mainly generated at the pitting pits with concentrated stress, and the damage of pitting corrosion can be accurately and fully known only by accurately knowing the stress condition and environment of the pitting pits and the environment around the pits. The stress at the pitting pits varies depending on the size, depth, and state of the pitting. This reaction is also exacerbated by elevated temperatures, which ultimately results in the pipeline being out of service for the intended purpose, ultimately resulting in significant property damage. The acoustic emission is taken as a common nondestructive detection method, is very sensitive to the process of the pitting formation and the pitting expansion of the test piece, is an effective means for continuously monitoring the pitting acoustic signal of the test piece, can read the pitting expansion condition in real time through a series of acoustic emission data, obtains the pitting acoustic emission signal through an analysis experiment on the basis of the pitting acoustic emission signal, extracts the acoustic signal characteristics of the pitting acoustic emission signal, and is used as a pitting change basis under the constant-load corrosion multi-coupling action of the on-site monitoring pipeline.
The existing pipeline pitting corrosion detection method has a single mode, only aims at the working condition change of a certain specific condition, has a certain difference with the real complex condition, and cannot ensure the effectiveness of the experiment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to accurately obtain an acoustic emission signal in the process of changing the pitting corrosion pits of the pipeline test piece and research influence factors of constant load, corrosion environment and temperature on the pitting corrosion pits, the invention designs a corresponding test environment, provides an effective method for scientifically researching the pitting corrosion cracking mechanism of the pipeline and provides a basis for helping to solve the practical engineering problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the acoustic pipeline pitting corrosion simulation testing device based on the visual constant load effect comprises an acoustic emission system 1, a preamplifier 2, an acoustic emission sensor 3, a test piece 4, a support frame 5, a reference electrode 6, a DIC high-speed microscopic imaging system 7, a working electrode 8, an auxiliary electrode 9, a heating coil 10, an electrochemical detection system 11, a pressure gauge 12, a valve 13, a water pump 14, an electric lead screw 15 and a water tank 16; the test piece 4 is arranged on the support frame 5, and the support frame 5 can drive the clamping plates at two ends of the support frame 5 to move through the electric lead screw 15; one end of the test piece 4 is closed, the other end of the test piece is connected with a pipeline, the pipeline is positioned at the outer end of the clamping plate of the support frame 5, a pressure gauge 12, a valve 13 and a water pump 14 are arranged on the pipeline, and the tail end of the pipeline is connected with a water tank 16; the test piece 4 is provided with a corrosion point, the reference electrode 6 and the auxiliary electrode 9 are respectively arranged on two sides of the corrosion point, the working electrode 8 is arranged at the corrosion point, and the reference electrode 6, the working electrode 8 and the auxiliary electrode 9 are all connected with the electrochemical detection system 11; the DIC high-speed microscopic imaging system 7 is used for collecting image information of corrosion points; the two heating coils 10 are respectively arranged on the test piece 4 at two sides of the corrosion point; the acoustic emission sensor 3 is arranged on the test piece 4 and located on the outermost side far away from the water injection pipeline, and the acoustic emission sensor 3 is sequentially connected with the preamplifier 2 and the acoustic emission system 1.
Further, the cross section of the test piece 4 is hexagonal.
A pipeline pitting acoustic simulation test method based on visualization constant load action specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) thinning the middle part of the test piece 4 to form a weak area, and then grinding a corrosion pit again in the middle of each edge of the weak area;
(2) mounting the pretreated test piece 4 with the corrosion pit on a support frame 5, driving clamping plates at two ends of the support frame 5 to move through an electric lead screw 15, and stopping the electric lead screw 15 after the clamping plates are tightened to fix the test piece 4;
(3) the water pump 14 is turned on, liquid is transferred from the water tank 16 to the test piece 4, the valve 13 and the water pump 14 are closed when the pressure gauge 12 reaches the specified pressure, and the test piece 4 is subjected to constant static pressure;
(4) dropwise adding a corrosive liquid into the pretreated corrosion pit in the middle of the test piece 4, opening the electrochemical detection system 11, and carrying out corrosion monitoring by using a linear polarization method;
(5) heating coils 10 arranged at two ends of the corrosion pit are opened, and the pipeline pitting fatigue damage environment is changed by heating;
(6) opening the acoustic emission sensor 3, connecting the acoustic emission sensor 3 with the acoustic emission system 1 through the preamplifier 2, and collecting pit corrosion acoustic emission signals of the test piece 4 in real time; meanwhile, the DIC high-speed microscopic imaging system 7 is opened, images of generation and destruction of corrosion bubbles on the surface of the test piece 4 are recorded in stages through a high-speed imaging technology, the change condition of the pitting pit of the test piece 4 is judged visually, and the change condition is compared with the acoustic emission signals acquired from the surface of the pitting pit.
The pitting corrosion is a common form of pipeline test piece damage, the hazard is extremely high, the pitting corrosion enters a metastable state after germination, the stable pitting corrosion stage can be entered only when a specific stable pitting corrosion critical condition is met, and otherwise the stable pitting corrosion stage can be entered again. The constant load sample can destroy the metastable state of the test piece and destroy the surface passive film under the high hydrostatic pressure, so that the research on the influence factors of the constant load pressure on the pipeline pitting is of great significance. The method is mainly used for simulating the change process of the pipeline test piece pitting pit under the constant load, and real-time monitoring is carried out through the acoustic emission detection technology.
The main part of the invention is a pitting constant load damage simulation device, which provides various mixed pitting conditions for pipeline test pieces. The middle of the test piece is thinned to form a stress concentration area, due to the fact that the actual pitting shapes have large differences, the pipeline test piece can be pre-ground into pitting regions in different shapes, the utilization rate is low in the invention by adopting the traditional circular pipeline, and the traditional circular pipeline is not beneficial to dropwise adding of corrosive liquid, so that the middle test pipeline is designed to be hexagonal, and the operation is convenient. The corrosive environment can lead anions to be easily concentrated at the position with defects of the passive film on the surface of the test piece, which is an important reason for the pitting corrosion of the pipeline, so the device needs the corrosive environment. In addition, the temperature also has certain influence on the pitting fatigue damage of the test piece, a heating device needs to be installed to heat the surface of the test piece to achieve the purpose of controlling the temperature change, and the influence of the temperature on the test piece is analyzed. And finally, pressurizing the interior of the pipe fitting by using a water pump, and then closing a valve to keep the pressure in the pipeline stable, thereby simulating the pitting change of the pipeline under the constant load pressure. The acoustic emission technology is developed completely as modern mainstream nondestructive detection technology, is very sensitive to corrosion acoustic signals of a test piece, is an important means for test piece detection, and is mainly used for researching the change of each stage of the point corrosion pit. In order to ensure the effectiveness of acoustic emission, the device combines a linear polarization method and an image tracking method. The linear polarization method is a method for measuring the metal corrosion speed by mainly utilizing the linear relation between the polarization potential F near the corrosion potential and the polarization current I, has sensitive reaction, does not damage electrodes, and can be used for continuously monitoring the change of the corrosion speed on line. At the same time, a high-speed imaging device is installed, and generally, a DIC camera is used. The image tracking method is mainly used for visually judging the corrosion condition of the test piece. Through observing the generation and the destruction of the corrosion bubbles on the surface of the pipe fitting and comparing with the corrosion sound signals of the corresponding stages, a comparison basis is provided for sound signal analysis. .
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention breaks through the traditional pitting simulation test under a single condition and develops the pitting change research of the pipeline under the constant load action. The influence factors of the pitting constant load damage are simulated from all aspects, the actual working condition is reflected more truly, and meanwhile, the corresponding pitting fatigue acoustic emission characteristic signal is obtained, so that guidance is provided for the actual engineering problem. The method is mainly applied to the pitting corrosion cracking damage on-line monitoring technology of special equipment such as pressure pipelines and the like, and has important significance for deeply understanding the pitting corrosion mechanism and establishing a scientific stress corrosion life prediction model.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the overall structure of the device;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of corrosion defects of a test piece;
in the figure: 1, an acoustic emission system; 2 a preamplifier; 3, an acoustic emission sensor; 4, testing a sample; 5, supporting a frame; 6 a reference electrode; 7DIC high speed microscopy imaging systems; 8 a working electrode; 9 an auxiliary electrode; 10 heating coils; 11 an electrochemical detection system; 12 pressure gauge; 13 a valve; 14, a water pump; 15 electric lead screw; 16 water tanks.
Detailed Description
In order to further explain the technical scheme of the invention, the invention is explained in detail in the following with reference to the attached drawings.
A pipeline pitting acoustic simulation testing device based on visualization under the constant load effect comprises an acoustic emission device assembly, an electrochemical device assembly, a high-speed microscopic imaging system assembly and a constant load device assembly. The method comprises the following specific implementation steps: firstly, the middle part of a regular hexagon pipeline test piece 4 is thinned to form a weak area, then an erosion pit is ground again in the middle of each edge of the weak area, because the pipe fitting is designed into a hexagon, the erosion pit experiment effect of each edge point is the same, and the utilization rate of the test piece 4 can be greatly increased. In addition, in order to increase the diversity of pitting pits of the test piece 4, pitting areas of different shapes can be polished according to the characteristics of the simulated test piece 4, and different pitting areas can be set, wherein the specific pattern is shown in fig. 2. And then, installing the pretreated pipeline test piece 4 with the corrosion groove on a support frame 5, wherein the support frame 5 is a movable fixing device and drives clamping plates at two ends to move through an electric lead screw 15. Aim at the test piece 4 the both ends splint preset the draw-in groove, then open the motor forward movement button, splint move to the centre, can realize the quick installation of device, it is motor meeting automatic shutdown to step up when splint. When the test piece 4 is replaced, the test piece can be quickly detached only by opening the motor reverse movement button. The outer end of the clamping plate is welded with a pipeline for connection, the two ends of the inner part are provided with sealing rings to ensure that the pipeline cannot be leaked, and the middle part is hollow and can be communicated with the inner side and the outer side. Then the water pump 14 is turned on to transfer the liquid from the water tank 16 to the pipe test piece 4, and the valve 13 and the water pump 14 are closed when the pressure gauge 12 reaches the specified pressure, and the test piece 4 is subjected to constant static pressure. Next, a corrosive liquid is dripped into a corrosion area pretreated in the middle of the test piece 4, a high-temperature-resistant transparent plastic partition plate which is prepared in advance is arranged on the periphery of the corrosion area to prevent the corrosive liquid from flowing out, then an electrochemical detection system 11 is opened, corrosion monitoring is carried out by utilizing a linear polarization method, wherein a reference electrode 6, a working electrode 9 and an auxiliary electrode 8 are placed at the positions shown in figure 1, heating coils 10 which are placed at two ends of the corrosion area are opened, and the pipeline pitting fatigue damage environment is changed by heating. And finally, opening the acoustic emission sensor 3, and connecting the acoustic emission sensor 3 with the acoustic emission system 1 through the preamplifier 2 to acquire the pit corrosion acoustic emission signals of the test piece 4 in real time. Meanwhile, the DIC high-speed microscopic imaging system 7 is started, images of generation and destruction of corrosion bubbles on the surface of the test piece 4 are recorded in stages through a high-speed imaging technology, the change condition of the pitting pit of the test piece 4 is judged visually, and the change condition is compared with the acoustic emission signals acquired from the surface of the pitting pit.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the embodiments of the present invention, but not should be understood as the limitation of the scope of the invention patent, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall into the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The device is characterized by comprising an acoustic emission system (1), a preamplifier (2), an acoustic emission sensor (3), a test piece (4), a support frame (5), a reference electrode (6), a DIC high-speed microscopic imaging system (7), a working electrode (8), an auxiliary electrode (9), a heating coil (10), an electrochemical detection system (11), a pressure gauge (12), a valve (13), a water pump (14), an electric lead screw (15) and a water tank (16); the test piece (4) is arranged on the support frame (5), and the support frame (5) can drive the clamping plates at the two ends of the support frame (5) to move through the electric lead screw (15); one end of the test piece (4) is closed, the other end of the test piece is connected with a pipeline, the pipeline is positioned at the outer end of the clamping plate of the support frame (5), a pressure gauge (12), a valve (13) and a water pump (14) are arranged on the pipeline, and the tail end of the pipeline is connected with a water tank (16); the test piece (4) is provided with a corrosion point, the reference electrode (6) and the auxiliary electrode (9) are respectively arranged on two sides of the corrosion point, the working electrode (8) is arranged at the corrosion point, and the reference electrode (6), the working electrode (8) and the auxiliary electrode (9) are all connected with the electrochemical detection system (11); the DIC high-speed microscopic imaging system (7) is used for acquiring image information of corrosion points; the two heating coils (10) are respectively arranged on the test piece (4) at two sides of the corrosion point; the acoustic emission sensor (3) is arranged on the test piece (4) and located on the outermost side far away from the water injection pipeline, and the acoustic emission sensor (3) is sequentially connected with the preamplifier (2) and the acoustic emission system (1).
2. The acoustic simulation test device for pipeline pitting corrosion under the constant load effect based on visualization according to claim 1, wherein the cross section of the test piece (4) is hexagonal.
3. The testing method of the acoustic simulation testing device for pipeline pitting corrosion under the constant load effect based on visualization according to any one of claims 1 or 2 is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) thinning the middle part of the test piece (4) to form a weak area, and then grinding the middle of each edge of the weak area to form a corrosion pit;
(2) mounting a pretreated test piece (4) with an etching pit on a support frame (5), driving clamping plates at two ends of the support frame (5) to move through an electric lead screw (15), and stopping the electric lead screw (15) after the clamping plates are tightened to fix the test piece (4);
(3) the water pump (14) is turned on, liquid is transmitted into the test piece (4) from the water tank (16), the valve (13) and the water pump (14) are closed when the reading of the pressure gauge (12) reaches the specified pressure, and the test piece (4) is subjected to constant static pressure;
(4) dropwise adding corrosive liquid into the corrosion pit pretreated in the middle of the test piece (4), opening an electrochemical detection system (11), and carrying out corrosion monitoring by using a linear polarization method;
(5) heating coils (10) arranged at two ends of the corrosion pit are opened, and the pipeline pitting fatigue damage environment is changed by heating;
(6) opening the acoustic emission sensor (3), connecting the acoustic emission sensor (3) with the acoustic emission system (1) through the preamplifier (2), and collecting pit corrosion acoustic emission signals of the test piece (4) in real time; meanwhile, a DIC high-speed microscopic imaging system (7) is opened, images of generation and destruction of corrosion bubbles on the surface of the test piece (4) are recorded in stages through a high-speed imaging technology, the change condition of the pitting pit of the test piece (4) is visually judged, and the change condition is compared with an acoustic emission signal acquired by the surface of the pitting pit.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113358553A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2021-09-07 | 中山大学 | Device and method for submerging submarine pipeline completely and accelerating corrosion and crushing |
| CN113945583A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-01-18 | 武汉武桥检测工程有限公司 | Underwater detection device for offshore wind farm |
| CN115575308A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2023-01-06 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Electrochemical corrosion device and test method for FRP reinforced defective pipeline |
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| CN105866018A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-08-17 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Test device and method for evaluating scouring corrosion of oil-gas pipeline under high flow rate |
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