CN112963460A

CN112963460A - Rolling coupler

Info

Publication number: CN112963460A
Application number: CN202110228070.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡明; 刘光辉; 周瑞; 王加祥; 国兴洋
Original assignee: SHANDONG MACHINERY DESIGN INST
Current assignee: SHANDONG MACHINERY DESIGN INST
Priority date: 2021-03-02
Filing date: 2021-03-02
Publication date: 2021-06-15
Anticipated expiration: 2041-03-02
Also published as: CN112963460B

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a rolling coupling comprising a driving socket, a cross block, a steel ball and a driven socket; the cross block is arranged between the driving socket and the driven socket, rectangular convex claws or rectangular grooves are arranged at two ends of the cross block, the parts of the driving socket and the driven socket, which are matched with the cross block, are correspondingly provided with the rectangular grooves or the rectangular convex claws, a steel ball raceway groove is arranged between the rectangular convex claws and the vertical faces of the rectangular grooves, steel balls are arranged in the steel ball raceway groove, and the cross block is guided to move according to the guide of the rectangular convex claws and the rectangular grooves. Therefore, the rolling coupling changes the rotation friction into the rolling friction, has small friction force, overcomes the defects of the Oldham coupling, makes up the error between the transmission shafts, and has high transmission precision and good stability; the device is suitable for transmission equipment of high-grade numerical control machines, precision equipment and detection instruments, and the requirements of use occasions are met without improving the precision of related parts.

Description

Rolling coupler

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of mechanical couplings, in particular to a rolling coupling.

Background

The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.

Couplings are used for coupling between two shaft ends to transmit torque and motion. Couplings can be divided into two broad categories, rigid couplings and elastic couplings. A rigid coupling can transmit the correct transmission ratio but, because it has no elastic elements, it transmits both shock and vibration as well as torque. The rigid coupling is divided into a fixed rigid coupling and a movable rigid coupling; the former has higher requirement on the coaxiality of the two shafts, otherwise, great additional stress is generated in the coupler and parts connected with the coupler; the latter allows for some misalignment of the axes due to movement of the intermediate rigid member. The elastic coupling has an elastic intermediate element, so that the elastic coupling can reduce the load variation and impact of a driven shaft by the elastic element and can also compensate the different axial degrees of intersection of two shafts caused by the deformation of the shaft during manufacturing, assembly and operation, but the elastic coupling can hardly compensate the different axial degrees of parallel and staggered two shafts. Therefore, the couplings with various structures have own advantages and disadvantages, and the couplings with different structures can be selected and used only according to different working conditions.

In practice, for two-axis connection with large parallel phase dislocation and different axiality errors, a cross-shaped sliding block coupler is usually preferentially selected and matched, and other types of couplers can not be used as the power; however, for the connection of two shafts which are staggered in parallel and have different axialities or have larger error of the axialities and require precision or have higher rotating speed, the defects of the Oldham coupling are also very obvious and mainly expressed in the following aspects: (1) a gap exists between the sliding parts, so that the transmission precision is not high; (2) the friction force between the sliding parts is increased along with the increase of the transmission torque, and the transmission efficiency is low; (3) the crosshead shoe rotates and moves simultaneously in the operation process, has slow response and is not suitable for high-speed rotation; (4) lubrication is required between the sliding parts and it is not always easy to ensure good lubrication. Therefore, the Oldham coupling is not suitable for continuous, long-term operation.

Because the crosshead shoe shaft coupling has the defects, so far, two shafts which are staggered in parallel and have larger error and higher precision or rotating speed are connected, and a more ideal shaft coupling is not available. However, the two-shaft coupling with larger parallel phase-staggered non-shaft error, precision or higher rotating speed is more suitable for high-grade numerical control machines, precision equipment and detecting instruments, and because the coupling cannot compensate for the larger error of the two coupling shafts, the coupling has to adopt a mode of improving the precision of related parts again and again to compensate, thereby greatly increasing more unnecessary manufacturing cost.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present disclosure provides a rolling coupling. The coupling changes the rotation friction into rolling friction, has small friction, overcomes the defects of the Oldham coupling, makes up the error between transmission shafts, and has high transmission precision and good stability; the device is suitable for transmission equipment of high-grade numerical control machines, precision equipment and detection instruments, and the requirements of use occasions are met without improving the precision of related parts.

In order to achieve the purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted in the disclosure:

one or more embodiments provide a rolling coupling comprising a driving socket 1, a cross 2, a steel ball 3, and a driven socket 4;

the driving socket 1 is connected with a driving shaft of the transmission equipment, and the driven socket 4 is connected with a driven shaft of the transmission equipment; the cross block 2 is arranged between the driving socket 1 and the driven socket 4, both ends of the cross block 2 are respectively provided with a rectangular convex claw or a rectangular groove, and the rectangular convex claws or the rectangular grooves at both ends of the cross block 2 are mutually vertical; correspondingly, one end of the driving socket 1, which is matched with the cross block 2, is provided with a corresponding rectangular groove or a corresponding rectangular convex claw, and one end of the driven socket 4, which is matched with the cross block 2, is also provided with a corresponding rectangular groove or a corresponding rectangular convex claw; the rectangular grooves or rectangular convex claws of the driving socket 1 and the driven socket 4 are in direct insertion matching with the rectangular convex claws or the rectangular grooves matched with the cross block 2;

the square convex claw or the square groove of the driving socket 1 or the driven socket 4 and the corresponding square groove or the square convex claw at the two ends of the cross block 2 are provided with a gap between the contact surfaces when being matched, the contact vertical surfaces of the matched square convex claw and the square groove are respectively provided with a steel ball rolling groove, and the steel ball rolling groove is internally provided with a steel ball 3 to guide the cross block 2 to move according to the guide of the square convex claw and the square groove.

Furthermore, the section of the steel ball rolling groove is formed by three sections of circular arcs, and the radius of the circular arcs on two sides of the steel ball rolling groove is larger than that of the steel ball 3. Therefore, the steel ball 3 is in contact with the ball raceway groove at only two points, and the friction force is small.

Furthermore, two ends of the cross block 2 are provided with rectangular convex claws, and the symmetrical surfaces of the rectangular convex claws are superposed with the axis of the cross block 2.

Furthermore, two ends of the cross block 2 are rectangular grooves, and the symmetry plane of the rectangular grooves is overlapped with the axis of the cross block 2.

Furthermore, one end of the cross block 2 is a rectangular convex claw, the other end of the cross block is a rectangular groove, and the symmetrical surfaces of the rectangular convex claw and the rectangular groove are overlapped with the axis of the cross block 2.

Furthermore, the symmetrical surfaces of the rectangular convex claws at the two ends of the cross block 2 are perpendicular to each other.

Furthermore, the symmetrical surfaces of the rectangular grooves at the two ends of the cross block 2 are perpendicular to each other.

Furthermore, the symmetrical surfaces of the rectangular convex claws and the rectangular grooves at the two ends of the cross block 2 are perpendicular to each other.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this disclosure is:

according to the rolling coupler provided by the disclosure, as the rolling bodies are embedded between the cross block and the driving socket and the driven socket, the movement of the cross block is rolling friction, and the friction force is small; when necessary, pretightening force can be applied to the rolling bodies to eliminate transmission gaps, the defects of the Oldham coupling are completely overcome, not only can the parallel phase error and the non-coaxial error be compensated, but also the transmission precision is high and the stability is good; when the device is used for transmission of high-grade numerical control machine tools, precision equipment and detector devices, the use requirement is not required to be met by improving the precision of related parts.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure and not to limit the disclosure.

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a rolling coupling of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a left side schematic view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional schematic illustration of a rolling coupling of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 is an exploded schematic view of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a double-ended dog cross of a rolling coupling according to the present disclosure;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of another form of rolling coupling of the present disclosure;

FIG. 9 is a top view of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a left side schematic view of FIG. 8;

FIG. 11 is a three-dimensional schematic view of another form of rolling coupling of the present disclosure;

FIG. 12 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a cross block with grooves at two ends of a rolling coupling according to the present disclosure;

FIG. 13 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a cross block with a convex claw at one end and a concave groove at one end of a rolling coupling according to the present disclosure;

fig. 14 is a partially enlarged schematic view of an assembly state of a steel ball, a longitudinal track groove and a transverse track groove of the rolling coupling.

The rolling device comprises a driving socket 1, a cross block 2, a steel ball 3, a driven socket 4, a longitudinal rolling groove 5 and a transverse rolling groove 6.

Detailed Description

The present disclosure is further described with reference to the following drawings and examples.

It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments in the present disclosure may be combined with each other. The embodiments will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a rolling joint, as shown in fig. 1 to 7. The rolling coupling comprises a driving socket 1, a cross block 2, a steel ball 3 and a driven socket 4, wherein the driving socket 1 and the driven socket 4 are respectively connected with a driving shaft and a driven shaft of a transmission device, the cross block 2 is arranged between the driving socket 1 and the driven socket 4, two ends of the cross block 2 are respectively provided with a rectangular convex claw or a rectangular groove, and the rectangular convex claws or the rectangular grooves at two ends of the cross block 2 are mutually vertical to form a cross shape and are called as the cross block; a rectangular groove or a rectangular convex claw is arranged at one end of the driving socket 1, which is matched with the cross block 2, a rectangular groove or a rectangular convex claw is also arranged at one end of the driven socket 4, which is matched with the cross block 2, a gap is reserved between the surfaces of the matched rectangular convex claw and the rectangular groove, a steel ball 3 is arranged between the vertical surfaces of the matched rectangular convex claw and the rectangular groove, longitudinal rolling grooves 5 or transverse rolling grooves 6 are respectively arranged on the vertical surfaces of the matched rectangular convex claw and the rectangular groove, the longitudinal rolling grooves 5 or transverse rolling grooves 6 on the matched rectangular convex claw and the transverse rolling grooves 6 on the rectangular groove or the longitudinal rolling grooves 5 are mutually vertical, namely the axes of the rolling grooves on two sides of any steel ball are vertically distributed; the cross block 2 can move along the direction of the rectangular convex claw and the rectangular groove; because the rolling bodies are embedded between the cross block 2 and the driving socket 1 and the driven socket 4, the movement of the cross block 2 is a rolling friction pair.

Therefore, the present structure overcomes the following drawbacks of the oldham coupling: (1) a gap exists between the sliding parts, so that the transmission precision is not high; (2) the friction force between the sliding parts is increased along with the increase of the transmission torque, and the transmission efficiency is low; (3) the crosshead shoe rotates and moves simultaneously in the operation process, has slow response and is not suitable for high-speed rotation; (4) lubrication is needed between sliding parts, and continuous and long-time operation is not suitable.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 14, the steel ball 3 is placed in the steel ball raceway grooves of the cross block 2, the driving socket 1 and the driven socket 4, the section of the steel ball raceway groove is formed by three sections of circular arcs, and the radius R of the circular arcs at two sides of the steel ball guide groove is larger than the radius R of the steel ball 3, so that the steel ball 3 is in two-point contact with the steel ball raceway grooves; so as to apply pretightening force and improve the transmission precision. Therefore, the cross block rolling coupler can make up errors of parallel phase dislocation and different axes in a larger range, and meets the requirement of precise or high-rotating-speed two-axis connection; the problem of high-grade digit control machine tool, precision equipment and detecting instrument's hub connection is solved.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, the two ends of the cross block 2 are in a rectangular claw structure, the symmetrical surfaces of the rectangular claws at the two ends pass through the axis of the cross block 2, and the symmetrical surfaces of the rectangular claws at the two ends are perpendicular to each other; the manufacturing process is good and the cost is low.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 11 and 12, two ends of the cross block 2 are in a rectangular groove structure, the symmetric planes of the rectangular grooves at the two ends pass through the axis of the cross block 2, and the symmetric planes of the rectangular grooves at the two ends are perpendicular to each other; high rigidity and large bearing torque.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 13, one end of the cross block 2 is in a rectangular convex claw structure, the other end of the cross block is in a rectangular groove structure, the symmetry planes of the rectangular convex claw and the rectangular groove cross the axis of the cross block 2, and the symmetry planes of the rectangular convex claw and the rectangular groove are perpendicular to each other; the installation is convenient, is suitable for more equipment.

It is worth mentioning that, the rolling body is embedded between the cross block and the driving socket and the driven socket, the movement of the cross block is rolling friction, the friction force is small, and when necessary, pretightening force can be applied to the rolling body to eliminate the transmission gap, thereby completely overcoming the defect of the cross sliding block coupling.

The same and similar parts in the various embodiments in this specification may be referred to each other.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present disclosure by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A rolling shaft coupling is characterized by comprising a driving socket (1), a cross block (2), a steel ball (3) and a driven socket (4);

the driving socket (1) is connected with a driving shaft of the transmission equipment, and the driven socket (4) is connected with a driven shaft of the transmission equipment; the cross block (2) is arranged between the driving socket (1) and the driven socket (4), both ends of the cross block (2) are respectively provided with a rectangular convex claw or a rectangular groove, and the rectangular convex claws or the rectangular grooves at both ends of the cross block (2) are mutually vertical; correspondingly, one end of the driving socket (1) matched with the cross block (2) is provided with a corresponding rectangular groove or a corresponding rectangular convex claw, and one end of the driven socket (4) matched with the cross block (2) is also provided with a corresponding rectangular groove or a corresponding rectangular convex claw; the rectangular grooves or rectangular convex claws of the driving socket (1) and the driven socket (4) are in direct insertion matching with the rectangular convex claws or the rectangular grooves matched with the cross block (2);

the square-shaped steel ball rolling device is characterized in that a gap is reserved between a rectangular convex claw or a rectangular groove of the driving socket (1) or the driven socket (4) and a corresponding rectangular groove or a rectangular convex claw at two ends of the cross block (2) when the rectangular convex claw or the rectangular convex claw is matched, steel ball rolling grooves are respectively arranged on contact vertical faces of the rectangular convex claw and the rectangular groove which are matched, steel balls (3) are arranged in the steel ball rolling grooves, and the cross block (2) is guided to move according to the directions of the rectangular convex claw and the rectangular groove.

2. The rolling coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross section of the steel ball guide groove is formed by three circular arcs, and the radius of the circular arcs at both sides of the steel ball guide groove is larger than that of the steel balls (3).

3. Rolling coupling according to claim 1, characterised in that the cross block (2) has rectangular claws at both ends, the symmetry plane of which coincides with the axis of the cross block (2).

4. Rolling coupling according to claim 1, characterised in that the cross block (2) has rectangular recesses at both ends, the symmetry plane of which coincides with the axis of the cross block (2).

5. Rolling coupling in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the cross block (2) has rectangular claws at one end and rectangular recesses at the other end, the planes of symmetry of the claws and recesses coinciding with the axis of the cross block (2).

6. Rolling coupling according to claim 3, characterised in that the symmetry planes of the rectangular claws at both ends of the cross block (2) are perpendicular to each other.

7. Rolling coupling according to claim 4, characterised in that the symmetry planes of the rectangular recesses at both ends of the cross-piece (2) are perpendicular to each other.

8. Rolling coupling according to claim 4, characterised in that the symmetry planes of the rectangular claws and the rectangular recesses at both ends of the cross block (2) are perpendicular to each other.