CN112963124A - Coal bed gas extraction method - Google Patents
Coal bed gas extraction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112963124A CN112963124A CN202110207184.9A CN202110207184A CN112963124A CN 112963124 A CN112963124 A CN 112963124A CN 202110207184 A CN202110207184 A CN 202110207184A CN 112963124 A CN112963124 A CN 112963124A
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/006—Production of coal-bed methane
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/02—Subsoil filtering
- E21B43/10—Setting of casings, screens, liners or the like in wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/30—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells
- E21B43/305—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells comprising at least one inclined or horizontal well
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/046—Directional drilling horizontal drilling
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Abstract
The invention discloses a coal bed gas extraction method, which comprises the following steps: s10, drilling a main horizontal well: drilling a horizontal well on the ground till the middle part of a target coal seam, and cementing a main horizontal well after well completion; s20, drilling a branch horizontal well: drilling at least two horizontal branches extending along the horizontal direction into the target coal seam continuously at the bottom of the main horizontal well, and respectively putting a sieve tube into each horizontal branch; s30, gas extraction: and butting the pumping equipment with the sieve tube in the branch horizontal well, and pumping the gas outwards from the wellhead of the main horizontal well. Performing horizontal well drilling operation through drilling equipment, and packing a main horizontal well through well cementation before drilling a horizontal section of a target coal seam; drilling at least two branch horizontal wells in the coal seam; after drilling, respectively putting the sieve tubes into the two branch horizontal wells, and finally butting the sieve tubes with the two branch horizontal wells through air pumping equipment, so that the aim of quickly and stably pumping the coal bed gas can be fulfilled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal bed gas extraction, in particular to a coal bed gas extraction method.
Background
Coal bed gas, also called coal bed gas, is a clean, convenient and efficient energy source. Coal mine gas not only poses serious threat to life safety of underground workers, but also causes serious pollution to air environment due to direct discharge. Therefore, the reasonable gas treatment method becomes the most key factor for determining whether the coal mine can be safely exploited. Coal mine gas extraction is carried out through ground drilling, so that not only can the safety production of a coal mine be promoted, but also the situation that the delay of underground gas control rock roadway engineering influences the production succession is solved; but also can reduce the pollution to the environment and improve the utilization rate of gas energy.
Coal mine gas extraction mainly comprises ground well drilling extraction and underground extraction. Compared with underground extraction, ground well drilling has the advantages of high gas production, high methane concentration of extracted gas, high well bore extraction efficiency and the like.
And (3) extracting underground coal bed gas through ground drilling in a mining area with good coal bed crack development, good permeability and good extraction performance, so that the scale is formed. However, during the extraction of the ground drilling, due to the mining influence, the phenomena of drilling breakage or blockage often occur, so that the gas extraction amount is reduced, even the function is invalid, and the continuous and stable extraction cannot be maintained.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to overcome the defects that the drilling is easy to block and the gas is difficult to continuously and stably extract in the coal bed gas extraction method in the prior art, thereby providing the coal bed gas extraction method.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a coal bed gas extraction method comprises the following steps:
s10, drilling a main horizontal well: drilling a horizontal well on the ground till the middle part of a target coal seam, and cementing the main horizontal well after completion;
s20, drilling a branch horizontal well: drilling at least two horizontal branches extending along the horizontal direction into a target coal seam continuously at the bottom of the main horizontal well, and respectively putting a sieve tube into each horizontal branch;
s30, gas extraction: and butting pumping equipment with the sieve tube in the branch horizontal well, and pumping gas outwards from the well mouth of the main horizontal well.
Further, in the step of S10, the method includes:
s11, drilling a drilling straight well section to 40-60 m below a bed rock surface by using a drill bit with the first selected drill hole diameter, putting a surface casing with the first selected pipe diameter, and returning well cementation cement slurry to the ground;
and S12, drilling the second drilling horizontal section to the middle part of the target coal seam by adopting a drill bit with the second selected drill hole diameter, putting a technical casing with the second selected pipe diameter after drilling, and returning the well cementation cement slurry to the ground.
Further, in the step of S11, the drill bit with the first selected drill hole size is a drill bit with a diameter of phi 311.1mm, and the surface casing with the first selected pipe diameter size is a surface casing with a diameter of phi 244.5 mm; in the step of S12, the drill bit with the second selected drilling hole size is a drill bit with a diameter of phi 215.9mm, and the technical casing with the second selected pipe diameter size is a technical casing with a diameter of phi 177.8 mm.
Further, in the step of S12, the length of the technical casing with the second selected pipe diameter size is 1-3 m shorter than the length of the horizontal section of the second drill after the second drill is finished.
Further, in the step of S20, the method specifically includes the following steps:
s21, drilling the overlapping section: drilling a superposition section with a preset length at the bottom of the main horizontal well along the horizontal direction;
s22, drilling a first branch horizontal well: adopting a drill bit with a third selected drilling hole diameter to obliquely drill a first arc line section of a first branch horizontal well along a direction which forms a first included angle with the extending direction of the overlapping section on the first side wall of the overlapping section, adjusting the drilling direction of the drill bit when the distance between one end of the first arc line section, which is far away from the overlapping section, and a straight line of the overlapping section reaches 25-30 m, continuing to directionally drill a first horizontal section of the first branch horizontal well along the horizontal direction at the bottom of the first arc line section, and feeding a first sieve tube with a first selected pipe diameter into the first branch horizontal well;
s23, drilling a second branch horizontal well: and (2) adopting a drill bit with a fourth selected drilling hole diameter to obliquely drill a second arc line section of a second branch horizontal well along a direction which forms a second included angle with the extension direction of the overlapped section on a second side wall of the overlapped section, adjusting the drilling direction of the drill bit when the distance between one end of the second arc line section, which is far away from the overlapped section, and the straight line of the overlapped section reaches 25-30 m, continuing to directionally drill a second horizontal section of the second branch horizontal well along the horizontal direction at the bottom of the second arc line section, and feeding a second sieve tube with a second selected pipe diameter into the second branch horizontal well.
Further, in the steps of S22 and S23, the drill bit with the third selected borehole size and the drill bit with the fourth selected borehole size are both drill bits with a diameter of 152.4mm, and the first screen pipe and the second screen pipe are both screen pipes with a diameter of 130.0 mm.
Further, in the steps of S22 and S23, the first screen and the second screen are both made of glass fiber reinforced plastic (frp) screen with a diameter of 130.0 mm.
Further, in the steps of S22 and S23, the drilling depth of the first horizontal branch well and the second horizontal branch well is 800-1200 m, and the distance between the first horizontal segment and the second horizontal segment is 50-60 m.
Further, in the step of S30, the gas-extracting device is a downhole rodless pump.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention provides a method for extracting coal bed gas, which comprises the steps of firstly, carrying out horizontal well drilling operation through ground drilling equipment, and cementing and packing an upper stratum through a casing before drilling a horizontal section of a target coal bed; drilling at least two branch horizontal wells in the coal seam; after drilling, respectively putting the sieve tube into the two branch horizontal wells, finally butting the sieve tube with the two branch horizontal wells through the air extraction pump, wherein gas seeped from the coal bed can enter the shaft through the sieve holes of the sieve tube and then is extracted outwards by the air extraction equipment, so that the aim of quickly and stably extracting the coal bed gas is fulfilled.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a coal seam drainage gas well according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the relative positions of two horizontal offset wells and the overlap section of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a gas production rate schematic diagram of the coal bed gas extraction method provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a main horizontal well; 2. a surface casing; 3. a technical sleeve; 4. a superposition section; 5. a first branch horizontal well; 51. a first arc segment; 52. a first horizontal segment; 6. a first sieve tube; 7. a second branch horizontal well; 71. a second arc segment; 72. a second horizontal segment; 8. a second screen.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The extraction method of the coal bed gas shown in the figures 1-3 comprises the following steps:
step S10, drilling a main horizontal well 1: and drilling a horizontal well on the ground till the middle part of the target coal seam, and cementing the main horizontal well 1 after well completion. In the step of S10, the method specifically includes the steps of:
and step S11, drilling the first drilling straight well section to 40-60 m below the surface of the bedrock by using a drill bit with the first selected drilling hole diameter, putting the surface casing 2 with the first selected pipe diameter, and returning the well cementation cement slurry to the ground. In a specific implementation manner of this embodiment, the drill bit with the first selected drilling hole size in the first drilling is a drill bit with a diameter of phi 311.1mm, and the drilling depth of the drill bit is 50 m; the skin sleeve 2 of the first selected pipe diameter size is a phi 244.5mm skin sleeve 2 of 50m length. Specifically, the cementing operation of the surface casing 2 adopts a scheme of full sealing by an interpolation method, the sealing quality of a wellhead and the shoe position of the surface casing 2 is ensured, and the density of cement slurry adopted by the cementing operation is 1.85g/cm 3; initial setting time is more than 60min, and the environment is 20 ℃ multiplied by 0.1 MPa; the cement paste is subjected to a 24-hour compressive strength test, and the compressive strength is more than 3.5 MPa.
And step S12, drilling the second drilling horizontal section to the middle part of the target coal seam by adopting a drill bit with the second selected drill hole diameter, putting the technical casing 3 with the second selected pipe diameter after drilling, and returning the well cementation cement slurry to the ground. In a specific implementation manner of this embodiment, in the second open hole drilling, the drill bit with the second selected drilling hole size is a drill bit with a diameter of 215.9mm, the drilling length of the drill bit is 550m, the technical casing 3 with the second selected pipe diameter size is a technical casing 3 with a diameter of 177.8mm, the length of which is 548m, and the total length of the surface casing 2 is slightly smaller than the drilling length of the drill bit. Specifically, the well cementation operation of the surface casing 2 adopts one-time cement slurry full-seal well cementation, the density of the cement slurry adopted by the well cementation operation is 1.85-1.9 g/cm3, and the cement slurry returns to the ground.
Step S20, drilling a branch horizontal well: and continuously drilling at least two horizontal branches extending along the horizontal direction into the target coal seam at the bottom of the main horizontal well 1, and respectively putting a screen pipe into each horizontal branch. The specific implementation step of step S20 is described by taking drilling two branch horizontal wells as an example:
step S21, drilling the overlapping section 4: and drilling a superposition section 4 with a preset length at the bottom of the main horizontal well 1 along the horizontal direction. Wherein, the horizontal direction is parallel to the axial direction of the future excavation tunnel, and the superposition section 4 is communicated with the main horizontal well 1.
Step S22, drilling a first branch horizontal well 5: and (2) adopting a drill bit with a third selected drilling hole diameter to obliquely drill a first arc line section 51 of a first branch horizontal well 5 along a direction which forms a first included angle with the extension direction of the overlapping section 4 on the first side wall of the overlapping section 4, adjusting the drilling direction of the drill bit when the distance between one end of the first arc line section 51, which is far away from the overlapping section 4, and the straight line of the overlapping section 4 reaches 25-30 m, continuing to directionally drill a first horizontal section 52 of the first branch horizontal well 5 along the horizontal direction at the bottom of the first arc line section 51, and lowering a first sieve tube 6 with a first selected pipe diameter into the first branch horizontal well 5.
In one embodiment of this embodiment, the drilling of the overlap section 4 and the drilling of the first horizontal branch well 5 may be performed by using the same type of drill bit, and the steps of drilling the overlap section 4 and the drilling of the first horizontal branch well 5 may be performed simultaneously or in steps.
Step S23, drilling a second branch horizontal well 7: and (2) adopting a drill bit with a fourth selected drilling hole diameter to obliquely drill a second arc line section 71 of a second branch horizontal well 7 along a direction which forms a second included angle with the extension direction of the overlapping section 4 on the second side wall of the overlapping section 4, adjusting the drilling direction of the drill bit when the distance between one end of the second arc line section 71, which is far away from the overlapping section 4, and the straight line of the overlapping section 4 reaches 25-30 m, continuing to directionally drill a second horizontal section 72 of the second branch horizontal well 7 along the horizontal direction at the bottom of the second arc line section 71, and feeding a second sieve tube 8 with a second selected pipe diameter into the second branch horizontal well 7.
In one embodiment of this embodiment, the drill bit of the third selected borehole size and the drill bit of the fourth selected borehole size are both 152.4mm diameter drill bits, and the first screen 6 and the second screen 8 are both 130.0mm diameter fiberglass screens. The glass fiber reinforced plastic sieve tube has high hardness, and can prevent the problem that the gas is difficult to continuously and stably extract due to the blockage of the branch horizontal well caused by the collapse of the coal bed after being placed in the branch horizontal well. In other alternative embodiments, other relatively rigid plastic screens may be used.
In the steps of S22 and S23, the drilling depth of the first horizontal branch 5 and the second horizontal branch 7 is 800-1200 m, and the distance between the first horizontal segment 52 and the second horizontal segment 72 is 50-60 m.
Step S30, gas extraction: and butting pumping equipment with the glass fiber reinforced plastic sieve tube in the branch horizontal well, and pumping gas outwards from the well mouth of the main horizontal well 1. In particular, the gas extraction device may be a downhole rodless pump. The gas yield schematic diagram of the coal bed gas extraction method is shown in fig. 3, and as can be seen from fig. 3, the gas extraction method can ensure that the gas keeps high and stable yield and has high extraction efficiency.
The invention provides a method for extracting coal bed gas, which comprises the steps of firstly, carrying out horizontal well drilling operation through ground drilling equipment, and cementing and packing an upper stratum through a casing before drilling a horizontal section of a target coal bed; drilling two branch horizontal wells in the coal seam; after drilling, respectively putting the glass fiber reinforced plastic sieve tube into the two branch horizontal wells, finally butting the glass fiber reinforced plastic sieve tube with the two branch horizontal wells through the air extraction pump, wherein gas seeped from the coal seam can enter the shaft through sieve holes of the sieve tube and then is extracted outwards by air extraction equipment, so that the aim of quickly and stably extracting the coal seam gas is fulfilled.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The extraction method of the coal bed gas is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s10, drilling a main horizontal well: drilling a horizontal well on the ground till the middle part of a target coal seam, and cementing the main horizontal well after completion;
s20, drilling a branch horizontal well: drilling at least two horizontal branches extending along the horizontal direction into a target coal seam continuously at the bottom of the main horizontal well, and respectively putting a sieve tube into each horizontal branch;
s30, gas extraction: and butting pumping equipment with the sieve tube in the branch horizontal well, and pumping gas outwards from the well mouth of the main horizontal well.
2. The extraction method of coal bed gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step of S10, the extraction method comprises:
s11, drilling a drilling straight well section to 40-60 m below a bed rock surface by using a drill bit with the first selected drill hole diameter, putting a surface casing with the first selected pipe diameter, and returning well cementation cement slurry to the ground;
and S12, drilling the second drilling horizontal section to the middle part of the target coal seam by adopting a drill bit with the second selected drill hole diameter, putting a technical casing with the second selected pipe diameter after drilling, and returning the well cementation cement slurry to the ground.
3. The method for extracting coal bed gas according to claim 2, wherein in the step S11, the drill bit with the first selected borehole diameter size is a drill bit with a diameter of phi 311.1mm, and the surface casing pipe with the first selected borehole diameter size is a surface casing pipe with a diameter of phi 244.5 mm; in the step of S12, the drill bit with the second selected drilling hole size is a drill bit with a diameter of phi 215.9mm, and the technical casing with the second selected pipe diameter size is a technical casing with a diameter of phi 177.8 mm.
4. The extraction method of coal bed gas as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step S12, after the second cut drill is finished, the length of the technical casing with the second selected pipe diameter is 1-3 m shorter than the length of the horizontal section of the second cut drill.
5. The extraction method of coal bed gas according to claim 1, characterized by specifically comprising the following steps in the step of S20:
s21, drilling the overlapping section: drilling a superposition section with a preset length at the bottom of the main horizontal well along the horizontal direction;
s22, drilling a first branch horizontal well: adopting a drill bit with a third selected drilling hole diameter to obliquely drill a first arc line section of a first branch horizontal well along a direction which forms a first included angle with the extending direction of the overlapping section on the first side wall of the overlapping section, adjusting the drilling direction of the drill bit when the distance between one end of the first arc line section, which is far away from the overlapping section, and a straight line of the overlapping section reaches 25-30 m, continuing to directionally drill a first horizontal section of the first branch horizontal well along the horizontal direction at the bottom of the first arc line section, and feeding a first sieve tube with a first selected pipe diameter into the first branch horizontal well;
s23, drilling a second branch horizontal well: and (2) adopting a drill bit with a fourth selected drilling hole diameter to obliquely drill a second arc line section of a second branch horizontal well along a direction which forms a second included angle with the extension direction of the overlapped section on a second side wall of the overlapped section, adjusting the drilling direction of the drill bit when the distance between one end of the second arc line section, which is far away from the overlapped section, and the straight line of the overlapped section reaches 25-30 m, continuing to directionally drill a second horizontal section of the second branch horizontal well along the horizontal direction at the bottom of the second arc line section, and feeding a second sieve tube with a second selected pipe diameter into the second branch horizontal well.
6. The method for extracting coal bed gas as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the steps of S22 and S23, the drill bit with the third selected borehole size and the drill bit with the fourth selected borehole size are both drill bits with a diameter of 152.4mm, and the first sieve tube and the second sieve tube are both sieve tubes with a diameter of 130.0 mm.
7. The method for extracting coal bed gas as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the steps of S22 and S23, the first sieve tube and the second sieve tube are both made of glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) sieve tubes with 130.0mm phi.
8. The extraction method of coal bed gas as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the steps of S22 and S23, the drilling depth of the first branch horizontal well and the second branch horizontal well is 800-1200 m, and the distance between the first horizontal segment and the second horizontal segment is 50-60 m.
9. The method for extracting coal bed gas according to claim 1, wherein in the step S30, the extraction equipment is a downhole rodless pump.
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Application publication date: 20210615 |