CN112962332B - Washing-free method for dyeing by reactive dye - Google Patents
Washing-free method for dyeing by reactive dye Download PDFInfo
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- CN112962332B CN112962332B CN202110096208.8A CN202110096208A CN112962332B CN 112962332 B CN112962332 B CN 112962332B CN 202110096208 A CN202110096208 A CN 202110096208A CN 112962332 B CN112962332 B CN 112962332B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/38—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using reactive dyes
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/02—Material containing basic nitrogen
- D06P3/04—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups
- D06P3/10—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups using reactive dyes
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/02—Material containing basic nitrogen
- D06P3/04—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups
- D06P3/14—Wool
- D06P3/148—Wool using reactive dyes
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/58—Material containing hydroxyl groups
- D06P3/60—Natural or regenerated cellulose
- D06P3/66—Natural or regenerated cellulose using reactive dyes
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/82—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres
- D06P3/8204—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres fibres of different chemical nature
- D06P3/8219—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres fibres of different chemical nature mixtures of fibres containing hydroxyl and amide groups
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
- D06P5/02—After-treatment
- D06P5/04—After-treatment with organic compounds
- D06P5/06—After-treatment with organic compounds containing nitrogen
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
- D06P5/02—After-treatment
- D06P5/04—After-treatment with organic compounds
- D06P5/08—After-treatment with organic compounds macromolecular
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
- Y02P70/62—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear
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Abstract
The invention relates to a washing-free method for dyeing by using a reactive dye, which comprises the steps of sequentially carrying out padding of an alkali liquor, padding of a reactive dye dyeing solution, pre-drying, reaction of the reactive dye and fibers in a fabric in a non-aqueous solvent, padding of a color fixing agent and baking on the fabric, thus obtaining a dyed finished product, wherein the fiber material is cellulose and/or protein; after the pre-drying treatment, the water content of the fabric is less than or equal to 40% of the weight of the fabric; the reactive dye reacts with the fiber in the fabric in the non-aqueous solvent, namely the pre-dried fabric is placed in the non-aqueous solvent with the temperature of 90-100 ℃ for heat preservation for 35-130 s, and the fixation rate of the reactive dye on the fabric is more than 95%; the non-aqueous solvent is a solvent which is not soluble in water and has no interaction with the reactive dye, and the boiling point is above 100 ℃. The washing-free method for dyeing by using the reactive dye can completely avoid the washing process after dyeing, thereby greatly reducing the discharge of the printing and dyeing washing wastewater; can realize less alkali, less water, no salt and no assistant dyeing, and really meets the requirement of green clean production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of dyeing and finishing processes, and relates to a washing-free method for dyeing by using reactive dyes.
Background
With the development of economic society from high speed to high quality, the requirements on the production of manufacturing industry are higher and higher, and especially the discharge of waste water is always a key point of social concern. Pure cotton fabrics have been popular because of their natural characteristics and comfortable wearing conditions. In the production and processing of textiles, the ratio of cotton fabrics occupies a large part all the time, and the cotton fabrics are important components in dyeing and finishing production.
In the traditional reactive dye water bath dyeing, a pad steaming method and a dip dyeing process are usually adopted for cellulose and protein fabrics, but the two common processing methods have a serious problem, and the color fixing rate of the reactive dye is not high and is about 50-70%. After dyeing is completed, the hydrolyzed dye and the unfixed dye form a loose color between the voids of the fiber and on the surface of the fabric. After dyeing is finished, a large amount of water washing is needed, and the fastness of the dye can meet the market demand. Most of the sources of the dyeing wastewater come from washing wastewater, and the dyeing and finishing process is carried out, wherein 100 tons of water are consumed for dyeing 1 ton of cotton textiles, and 80 tons of the dyeing wastewater are washing wastewater. Therefore, dyeing and finishing industry workers always find a new dyeing process and a new post-treatment auxiliary agent, so that the color fixing rate and the washing fastness of the reactive dye are improved, and the water consumption of the washing procedure is reduced.
Researchers find that the water content of the fabric is reduced in a dyeing system, so that the dye hydrolysis can be greatly reduced, the fixation rate of the reactive dye is greatly improved, and the water consumption can be reduced in the washing stage. CN201310226672.X adopts a method for changing the preparation methods of dye liquor and color fixing liquor in a textile pad dyeing process, and the dye liquor or the color fixing liquor formed by mixing a high-proportion alcohol organic solvent, a small amount of water and a dye or a color fixing agent is used for pad dyeing and color fixing of the textile respectively, so that the pad dyeing and color fixing rate of the textile is improved. The dye hydrolysis is reduced and the color fixing rate is improved while the dye uptake and level dyeing property are ensured. However, ethanol or isopropanol is miscible with water, is flammable and explosive, and has problems in the recycling and safety of alcohol substances. CN20161077603.8 uses two solvents to replace water in a dyeing system, and dyes a fabric in a completely anhydrous environment, so that the color fixing rate of a reactive dye is greatly improved, the fabric can completely meet various fastness requirements after being dyed by a certain post-treatment process, and solvent dyeing of cotton textiles is realized, but the two solvents used in the system are respectively a good solvent and a poor solvent of the reactive dye, the good solvent of the reactive dye, such as N, N-dimethylformamide, N-dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ionic liquid, an alcohol ether solvent and the like, can enter the inside of fibers, and the solvents are difficult to recover, so that the safety and the dyeing cost of the dyed fabric are influenced, and large-area industrial popularization is difficult. In the traditional water bath dyeing process, the reactive dye is inevitably hydrolyzed, and the fixation rate is reduced. Although reactive dye dyeing with high fixation can be obtained by using a part of organic solvent to replace part of water, even all of water, and after dyeing, less water is used to remove floating and unfixed dye, the reactive dye dyeing process of organic solvent dyeing or organic solvent partial replacement water faces various problems in practical production, such as difficult recycling of medium, complex process and the like. Therefore, how to improve the fixation rate of the reactive dye and reduce the wastewater discharge becomes a key problem of green production.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a washing-free method for dyeing by using reactive dyes.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following scheme:
a washing-free method for dyeing by reactive dyes comprises the steps of sequentially carrying out padding of a fabric with cellulose and/or protein by using an alkali liquor, padding of a reactive dye dyeing solution, pre-drying, reaction of the reactive dye and fibers in the fabric in a non-aqueous solvent, padding of a color fixing agent and baking to obtain a dyed finished product;
after the pre-drying treatment, the water content of the fabric is less than or equal to 40% of the weight of the fabric; the main purpose of prebaking is to reduce the liquid carrying rate on the fabric, when prebaking at low temperature, the hydrolysis rate of the dye is very slow due to low temperature, if prebaking for a long time, the fixation rate of the reactive dye is affected, for example, cold pad-batch is 24 hours at room temperature, so long-time stacking can affect the fixation rate of the dye, and if the temperature is 1-5 min at 40 ℃, the hydrolysis rate of the reactive dye is only about 0.1-1%. In addition, under the condition, the dye basically does not react with the fiber, the temperature is low, and the permeation and the reaction of the dye to the interior of the fiber are low;
the reactive dye reacts with the fiber in the fabric in the non-aqueous solvent, namely the pre-dried fabric is placed in the non-aqueous solvent with the temperature of 90-100 ℃ for heat preservation for 35-130 s, and the color fixing rate of the reactive dye on the fabric is more than 95%; the fabric with low liquid carrying rate enters the non-aqueous solvent with low surface tension, the non-aqueous solvent is quickly spread on the surface of the fabric, heat is transferred to the fabric and the dye, the dye is promoted to permeate and diffuse into the fiber, and the reactive dye permeated into the fiber is quickly subjected to nucleophilic addition or nucleophilic substitution reaction with the fiber to form a covalent bond with the fiber. Due to the incompatibility of the aqueous dye solution and the non-aqueous solvent, and the continuous entry of the fabric into the non-aqueous solvent, there is no exchange (only heat transfer) between the non-aqueous solvent and the dye, so that the dye adsorbed on the fiber does not desorb into the non-aqueous solvent. In summary, the fast spreading of the non-aqueous solvent on the fiber surface (fast heat transfer) and the non-aqueous solvent into which the dye is not desorbed greatly improve the fixation rate of the reactive dye.
The non-aqueous solvent is a solvent which is not soluble in water and has no interaction with the reactive dye (the reactive dye carried on the fiber is prevented from diffusing into the non-aqueous solvent to influence the fixation rate of the reactive dye), and the boiling point of the non-aqueous solvent is above 100 ℃ (the fixation temperature of the reactive dye is generally lower than 90 ℃, so that the medium is prevented from being vaporized when the reactive dye reacts with the fiber to influence the uniformity of dyeing).
As a preferred technical scheme:
the washing-free method for dyeing by using the reactive dye comprises the following specific process flows of: padding alkali liquor, primary drying, padding reactive dye dyeing liquor, pre-drying, putting into a non-aqueous solvent for dyeing, secondary drying, padding color fixing agent finishing liquor, baking and dyeing to obtain a finished product.
According to the washing-free method for dyeing by using the reactive dye, after the pre-drying treatment, the water content of the fabric is 20-40% of the weight of the fabric (not only can the hydrolysis of the dye be reduced, but also the fiber can be ensured to be fully swelled).
The washing-free method for dyeing by using the reactive dye comprises the following steps that the alkali liquor is a mixed solution of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide, wherein the concentration of the sodium carbonate in the mixed solution is 40-60 g/l, and the concentration of the sodium hydroxide in the mixed solution is 4-6 g/l; the alkali-containing liquid carrying rate in the process of padding the alkali liquor is 50-70%.
The concentration of the dyeing liquid of the reactive dye is 5-60 g/l; the liquid carrying rate when padding reactive dye dyeing liquid is 50-100%;
the reactive dye is a reactive dye with multiple reactive groups, the number of the reactive groups is 2-3, and the dye consumption is 0.5-5% of the weight of the fabric.
The washing-free method for dyeing by using the reactive dye has the advantages that the pre-drying temperature is 30-50 ℃, and the time is 1-5 min; the temperature of the first drying is 60 ℃, and the time is 10-15 min; the temperature of the second drying is 60 ℃, and the time is 4-8 h; evaporating and condensing the non-aqueous solvent on the fabric for recycling; the baking temperature is 120-170 ℃, and the baking time is 0.5-3 min.
According to the washing-free method for dyeing by using the reactive dye, the fabric is made of more than one of cotton, viscose, silk and wool.
According to the washing-free method for dyeing by using the reactive dye, the concentration of the color fixing agent in the color fixing agent finishing liquid is 20-40 g/l, and the pH value of the color fixing agent finishing liquid is 5-7; the color fixing agent is a pyridine quaternary ammonium salt, cetyl pyridine quaternary ammonium salt chloride, dicyandiamide formaldehyde resin water-soluble primary condensate, polyamine resin type formaldehyde-free color fixing agent, a quaternary ammonium salt type polycation color fixing agent, a cationic aqueous polyurethane type color fixing agent or a nano color fixing agent;
after the color fixing agent finishing liquid is padded, the liquid carrying rate of the fabric is 50-100%.
The viscosity of the non-aqueous solvent at 40 ℃ is lower than 30mm 2 (the process is a continuous process, the viscosity is too high, the fabric cannot easily pass through the medium, and the viscosity is too high, which can affect the recovery of the medium).
The non-aqueous solvent is more than one of alkane, ether, sulfolane, dimethyl sulfoxide and siloxane; the alkane is isooctane or paraffin.
According to the washing-free method for dyeing by using the reactive dye, the dry rubbing fastness of a dyed finished product is grade 5, the wet rubbing fastness is grade 3-4, and the washing fastness is grade 4-5. (the test standard is GB/T3921-2008 'method B2 of textile soaping color fastness test method'; GB/T3920-2008 'method for testing textile rubbing color fastness' is implemented, and the test is carried out after 29tex20S single yarn is spun by color fiber).
The mechanism of the invention is as follows:
the invention relates to a washing-free dyeing method suitable for dyeing cellulose and/or protein fabrics with reactive dyes, in the process, the reactive dyes and alkali liquor are attached to the surface of the fabric by a padding method, the moisture content of the pre-dried fabric is lower than 40% of the weight of the fabric, then a non-aqueous solvent liquid with a certain temperature is quickly passed through, when the padded fabric passes through the non-aqueous solvent with a certain temperature, the non-aqueous solvent can quickly spread on the surface of the fabric (the quick spreading is related to the surface tension of the non-aqueous solvent, generally 16-48 mN/m, the lower the surface tension, the faster the expansion speed of the non-aqueous solvent on the fabric is, the shorter the heat transfer time is, the temperature is transferred to the fabric, under the condition, the reactive dyes can quickly react with cellulose fibers and protein fibers, the moisture content on the padded fabric is low, the dyes are basically swelled and reacted with the fibers, the water used for dye hydrolysis is low, the hydrolysis of the dyes can further reduce the hydrolysis of the dyes, the dye fixation rate can be more than 95%, the fixation treatment can be realized by a small amount of the fixation agent, the surface washing-free dyeing effect of the floating and the friction can be realized. This can greatly reduce the pressure of wastewater discharge and sewage treatment. The production cost of enterprises is reduced, and the environmental protection pressure of a processing area is relieved. The invention adopts the dyeing medium with low surface force, realizes dyeing with less alkali, less water, no salt and no auxiliary agent, and really meets the requirement of green and clean production.
Compared with the traditional reactive dye dyeing process, the reactive dye dyeing washing-free process only needs water with the weight 2-3 times of the weight of the fabric in the preparation of alkali liquor, dye liquor and fixing liquor, and can meet the commercialization requirement without washing after dyeing. Reduces the energy consumption and the sewage discharge in the processing process. The pad dyeing process is adopted, the color fixing rate of the reactive dye after color fixing is higher than 90%, and then the color fixing treatment is carried out, namely after the color fixing agent is applied, the dry and wet rubbing fastness and the washing fastness of the fabric can meet the requirements of suspended fabrics in home textile products.
Advantageous effects
(1) Compared with the traditional dyeing method, the washing-free method for dyeing by using the reactive dye can completely omit the washing process after dyeing, thereby greatly reducing the discharge of the dyeing washing wastewater;
(2) According to the washing-free method for dyeing by using the reactive dye, the consumption of water, electricity and steam is greatly saved in the dyeing process;
(3) According to the washing-free method for dyeing the reactive dye, the selected medium is non-toxic, odorless and degradable, after dyeing processing is finished, the fabric is only required to be dried, and the solvent can be recycled;
(4) The washing-free method for dyeing by using the reactive dye adopts the dyeing medium with low surface force, realizes dyeing with less alkali, less water, no salt and no assistant, and really meets the requirement of green clean production.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Example 1
A washing-free method for dyeing by reactive dyes comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a fabric to be dyed: the fabric to be dyed is a cotton fabric;
(2) Padding a fabric to be dyed into a mixed solution of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide, wherein the concentration of the sodium carbonate is 40g/l, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide is 4g/l, and the alkali-containing liquid carrying rate during padding is 55%;
(3) Performing primary drying at 60 deg.C for 10min;
(4) Padding the fabric subjected to primary drying with 15g/l reactive red 111 dyeing solution, wherein the liquor carrying rate during padding is 55%, and the dye consumption is 0.5% of the weight of the fabric;
(5) Carrying out pre-drying treatment, wherein the pre-drying temperature is 30 ℃, the time is 5min, and the water content of the fabric after the pre-drying treatment is 32% of the weight of the fabric;
(6) Putting the fabric subjected to the pre-drying treatment into isooctane at the temperature of 90 ℃ for heat preservation for 35s, and dyeing; the fixation rate of the reactive dye on the fabric is 97.58%;
(7) Performing secondary drying at 60 ℃ for 4h;
(8) Padding the fabric subjected to secondary drying with a cetylpyridinium bromide finishing liquid with the concentration of 20g/l and the pH value of 5, wherein the liquid carrying rate of the padded fabric is 70%;
(9) Baking at 120 deg.C for 3min to obtain dyed product; the dry rubbing fastness of the dyeing finished product is grade 5, the wet rubbing fastness is grade 4, and the washing fastness is grade 5.
Example 2
A washing-free method for dyeing by reactive dyes comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a fabric to be dyed: the fabric to be dyed is a cotton fabric;
(2) Padding a fabric to be dyed into a mixed solution of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide, wherein the concentration of the sodium carbonate is 40g/l, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide is 5g/l, and the alkali-containing liquid carrying rate in padding is 50%;
(3) Performing primary drying at 60 deg.C for 12min;
(4) Padding the fabric subjected to primary drying with reactive red 195 dyeing solution with the concentration of 5g/l, wherein the liquid carrying rate during padding is 60%, and the using amount of dye is 0.8% of the weight of the fabric;
(5) Pre-drying at 35 deg.C for 4min to obtain fabric with water content of 30% of the fabric weight;
(6) Putting the pre-dried fabric into paraffin wax at the temperature of 90 ℃ for heat preservation for 35s, and dyeing; the fixation rate of the reactive dye on the fabric is 96.91%;
(7) Performing secondary drying at 60 ℃ for 4h;
(8) Padding the fabric subjected to secondary drying into 2-methacryloyloxyethyl trimethylamine methosulfate finishing liquid with the concentration of 20g/l and the pH value of 5, wherein the liquid carrying rate of the fabric after padding is 100%;
(9) Baking at 125 deg.C for 3min to obtain dyed product; the dry rubbing fastness of the dyeing finished product is grade 5, the wet rubbing fastness is grade 4, and the washing fastness is grade 5.
Example 3
A washing-free method for dyeing by reactive dyes comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a fabric to be dyed: the fabric to be dyed is viscose fabric;
(2) Padding a fabric to be dyed into a mixed solution of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide, wherein the concentration of the sodium carbonate is 45g/l, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide is 4.5g/l, and the alkali-containing liquid carrying rate during padding is 60%;
(3) Performing primary drying at 60 deg.C for 12min;
(4) Padding the fabric subjected to primary drying with 12g/l of reactive yellow 3RS dyeing solution, wherein the liquid carrying rate during padding is 70%, and the dye consumption is 1.2% of the weight of the fabric;
(5) Pre-drying at 40 deg.C for 3min to obtain fabric with water content of 28% of the fabric weight;
(6) Placing the pre-dried fabric into n-butyl ether at the temperature of 95 ℃ for heat preservation for 50s, and dyeing; the fixation rate of the reactive dye on the fabric is 98.22 percent;
(7) Performing secondary drying at 60 ℃ for 4.2h;
(8) Padding the fabric subjected to secondary drying with a cetyl pyridinium quaternary ammonium salt and ammonium chloride finishing liquid with the concentration of 25g/l and the pH value of 5, wherein the liquid carrying rate of the padded fabric is 68%;
(9) Baking at 128 deg.C for 2.5min to obtain dyed product; the dry rubbing fastness of the dyed finished product is grade 5, the wet rubbing fastness is grade 3-4, and the washing fastness is grade 4-5.
Example 4
A washing-free method for dyeing by reactive dyes comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a fabric to be dyed: the fabric to be dyed is silk fabric;
(2) Padding a fabric to be dyed into a mixed solution of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide, wherein the concentration of the sodium carbonate is 50g/l, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide is 5g/l, and the alkali-containing liquid carrying rate during padding is 52%;
(3) Performing primary drying at 60 deg.C for 10min;
(4) Padding the fabric subjected to primary drying with 20g/l reactive orange 122 dyeing solution, wherein the solution carrying rate during padding is 100%, and the dye consumption is 1.5% of the weight of the fabric;
(5) Carrying out pre-drying treatment at 43 ℃ for 3min, wherein the water content of the fabric after the pre-drying treatment is 40% of the weight of the fabric;
(6) Placing the fabric subjected to the pre-drying treatment into sulfolane at the temperature of 95 ℃ for heat preservation for 60s, and dyeing; the fixation rate of the reactive dye on the fabric is 96.92 percent;
(7) Performing secondary drying at 60 ℃ for 4.8h;
(8) Padding the fabric subjected to secondary drying with a dicyandiamide-diethylenetriamine condensate finishing liquid with the concentration of 32g/l and the pH value of 5.5, wherein the liquid carrying rate of the padded fabric is 92%;
(9) Baking at 120 deg.C for 3.5min to obtain dyed product; the dry rubbing fastness of the dyed finished product is grade 5, the wet rubbing fastness is grade 3-4, and the washing fastness is grade 4-5.
Example 5
A washing-free method for dyeing by reactive dyes comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a fabric to be dyed: the fabric to be dyed is a wool fabric;
(2) Padding a fabric to be dyed into a mixed solution of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide, wherein the concentration of the sodium carbonate is 50g/l, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide is 5g/l, and the alkali-containing liquid carrying rate during padding is 65%;
(3) Performing primary drying at 60 deg.C for 15min;
(4) Padding the fabric subjected to primary drying with reactive red 194 dyeing liquid with the concentration of 20g/l, wherein the liquid carrying rate during padding is 72%, and the using amount of the dye is 2% of the weight of the fabric;
(5) Carrying out pre-drying treatment, wherein the pre-drying temperature is 38 ℃, the time is 3.5min, and the water content of the fabric after the pre-drying treatment is 36% of the weight of the fabric;
(6) Putting the pre-dried fabric into dimethyl sulfoxide at the temperature of 92 ℃ for heat preservation for 75s, and dyeing; the fixation rate of the reactive dye on the fabric is 95.62%;
(7) Performing secondary drying at 60 ℃ for 6h;
(8) Padding the fabric subjected to secondary drying with silk color fixing agent LA finishing liquid with the concentration of 30g/l and the pH value of 6.5, wherein the liquid carrying rate of the fabric subjected to padding is 74%;
(9) Baking at 136 deg.C for 2min to obtain dyed product; the dry rubbing fastness of the dyed finished product is grade 5, the wet rubbing fastness is grade 4, and the washing fastness is grade 5.
Example 6
A washing-free method for dyeing by reactive dyes comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a fabric to be dyed: the fabric to be dyed is a blended fabric of cotton and silk with the mass ratio of 50;
(2) Padding a fabric to be dyed with a mixed solution of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide, wherein the concentration of the sodium carbonate is 60g/l, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide is 6g/l, and the alkali-containing liquid carrying rate in padding is 70%;
(3) Performing primary drying at 60 deg.C for 10min;
(4) Padding the fabric subjected to primary drying with reactive red M-8B dyeing solution with the concentration of 30g/l, wherein the liquor carrying rate during padding is 68%, and the dye consumption is 4% of the weight of the fabric;
(5) Pre-drying at 40 deg.C for 3min to obtain fabric with water content of 38% of the fabric weight;
(6) Placing the fabric subjected to the pre-drying treatment into dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane with the temperature of 98 ℃ for heat preservation for 85s, and dyeing; the fixation rate of the reactive dye on the fabric is 98.24%;
(7) Performing secondary drying at 60 ℃ for 8h;
(8) Padding the fabric dried for the second time with 35g/l of aqueous PU resin emulsion with the pH value of 7, wherein the liquid carrying rate of the padded fabric is 82%;
(9) Baking at 148 deg.C for 1.2min to obtain dyed product; the dry rubbing fastness of the dyed finished product is grade 5, the wet rubbing fastness is grade 4, and the washing fastness is grade 5.
Example 7
A washing-free method for dyeing by reactive dyes comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a fabric to be dyed: the fabric to be dyed is silk fabric;
(2) Padding a fabric to be dyed into a mixed solution of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide, wherein the concentration of the sodium carbonate is 60g/l, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide is 6g/l, and the alkali-containing liquid carrying rate in padding is 50%;
(3) Performing primary drying at 60 deg.C for 12min;
(4) Padding the fabric subjected to primary drying with reactive red 250 dyeing liquor with the concentration of 60g/l, wherein the liquor carrying rate during padding is 82%, and the using amount of the dye is 5% of the weight of the fabric;
(5) Carrying out pre-drying treatment, wherein the pre-drying temperature is 45 ℃, the time is 2min, and the water content of the fabric after the pre-drying treatment is 29% of the weight of the fabric;
(6) Placing the fabric subjected to the pre-drying treatment into a mixture of isooctane and dimethyl sulfoxide with the mass ratio of 1:1 at the temperature of 100 ℃ for heat preservation for 102s, and dyeing; the fixation rate of the reactive dye on the fabric is 97.09%;
(7) Performing secondary drying at 60 ℃ for 8h;
(8) Padding the fabric subjected to secondary drying into a poly dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride finishing solution with the concentration of 40g/l and the pH value of 7, wherein the liquid carrying rate of the padded fabric is 87%;
(9) Baking at 170 deg.C for 0.8min to obtain dyed product; the dry rubbing fastness of the dyed finished product is grade 5, the wet rubbing fastness is grade 3-4, and the washing fastness is grade 4-5.
Example 8
A washing-free method for dyeing by reactive dyes comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a fabric to be dyed: the fabric to be dyed is silk fabric;
(2) Padding a fabric to be dyed into a mixed solution of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide, wherein the concentration of the sodium carbonate is 55g/l, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide is 4.8g/l, and the alkali-containing liquid carrying rate during padding is 60%;
(3) Performing primary drying at 60 deg.C for 15min;
(4) Padding the fabric subjected to primary drying with 55g/l reactive blue KE-2B dyeing solution, wherein the liquor carrying rate during padding is 90%, and the dye consumption is 4.5% of the weight of the fabric;
(5) Pre-drying at 50 deg.C for 1min to obtain fabric with water content of 30% of the fabric weight;
(6) Placing the fabric subjected to the pre-drying treatment into isooctane at the temperature of 96 ℃ for preserving the temperature for 130s, and dyeing; the fixation rate of the reactive dye on the fabric is 98.1 percent;
(7) Performing secondary drying at 60 ℃ for 6.5 hours;
(8) Padding the fabric subjected to secondary drying with a nano color fixing agent TinokineVG finishing liquid with the concentration of 40g/l and the pH value of 7, wherein the liquid carrying rate of the padded fabric is 93%;
(9) Baking at 170 deg.C for 0.5min to obtain dyed product; the dry rubbing fastness of the dyed finished product is grade 5, the wet rubbing fastness is grade 3-4, and the washing fastness is grade 4-5.
Claims (9)
1. A washing-free method for dyeing by reactive dyes is characterized in that: sequentially carrying out padding of an alkali liquor, padding of a reactive dye dyeing liquor, pre-drying, reaction of the reactive dye and fibers in the fabric in a non-aqueous solvent, padding of a color fixing agent and baking on the fabric with the fiber material being cellulose and/or protein to obtain a dyed finished product;
after the pre-drying treatment, the water content of the fabric is less than or equal to 40% of the weight of the fabric;
the dosage of the reactive dye is 0.5-5% of the weight of the fabric;
the reactive dye reacts with the fibers in the fabric in a non-aqueous solvent, namely the fabric after being pre-dried is placed in the non-aqueous solvent with the temperature of 90-100 ℃ for treatment for 35-130s, and the fixation rate of the reactive dye on the fabric is more than 95%;
the non-aqueous solvent is a solvent which is not soluble in water and has no interaction with the reactive dye, and the boiling point of the non-aqueous solvent is above 100 ℃;
the dry rubbing fastness of the dyed finished product is grade 5, the wet rubbing fastness is grade 3~4, and the washing fastness is grade 4~5.
2. The washing-free method for dyeing by using the reactive dye according to claim 1, wherein the specific process flow for obtaining the dyed finished product is as follows: padding alkali liquor, primary drying, padding reactive dye dyeing liquor, pre-drying, putting into a non-aqueous solvent for dyeing, secondary drying, padding color fixing agent finishing liquor, baking and dyeing to obtain a finished product.
3. The washing-free method for dyeing by using the reactive dye as claimed in claim 2, wherein the water content of the fabric after the pre-drying treatment is 20-40% of the weight of the fabric.
4. The washing-free method for dyeing by using the reactive dye according to claim 2, wherein the alkali liquor is a mixed solution of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide, the concentration of the sodium carbonate in the mixed solution is 40-60 g/l, and the concentration of the sodium hydroxide in the mixed solution is 4-6 g/l; the alkali-containing liquid carrying rate in the process of padding the alkali liquor is 50-70%,
the concentration of the reactive dye dyeing solution is 5-60 g/l; the liquid carrying rate in padding reactive dye dyeing liquid is 50% -100%;
the reactive dye is 2~3 reactive groups.
5. The washing-free method for dyeing by using the reactive dye as claimed in claim 2, wherein the pre-baking temperature is 30-50 ℃ and the time is 1-5 min; the temperature of the first drying is 60 ℃, and the time is 10-15min; the temperature of the second drying is 60 ℃, and the time is 4 to 8 hours; the baking temperature is 120-170 ℃, and the baking time is 0.5min-3min.
6. The washing-free method for dyeing with reactive dyes according to claim 1, characterized in that the fabric is made of more than one of cotton, viscose, silk and wool.
7. The washing-free method for dyeing by using the reactive dye as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentration of the fixing agent in the fixing agent finishing liquid is 20 to 40g/l, and the pH value of the fixing agent finishing liquid is 5~7; the color fixing agent is a pyridine quaternary ammonium salt, cetyl pyridine quaternary ammonium salt chloride, dicyandiamide formaldehyde resin water-soluble primary condensate, polyamine resin type formaldehyde-free color fixing agent, a quaternary ammonium salt type polycation color fixing agent, a cationic aqueous polyurethane type color fixing agent or a nano color fixing agent;
after the padding of the finishing liquid of the fixing agent, the liquid carrying rate of the fabric is 50-100% of the weight of the fabric components.
8. The washing-free method for dyeing with reactive dye according to claim 1, characterized in that the viscosity of the non-aqueous solvent is lower than 30mm at 40 ℃ 2 /s。
9. The water-free washing method for dyeing with the reactive dye according to claim 1, wherein the non-aqueous solvent is one or more of alkane, ether, sulfolane, dimethyl sulfoxide and siloxane; the alkane is isooctane or paraffin.
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