CN112961663A - 一种驱油型压裂液体系及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种驱油型压裂液体系及其制备方法,属于油田化学领域。该驱油型压裂液体系,以质量百分比计,由以下成分组成:胍胶0.25‑0.3%;超低界面张力表面活性剂0.5‑0.8%;氯化钾1.0‑3.0%;杀菌剂0.1%~0.5%;余量为水。该驱油型压裂液体系针对注水开发的油井,重复改造时利用驱油型压裂液体系扩散进入水驱通道,返排时具有一定的驱(洗)特征,提高水驱开发油藏重复压裂时压裂液破胶液的洗油效率。其制备方法包括以下步骤:取胍胶、超低界面张力表面活性剂、氯化钾、杀菌剂和水进行混合,搅拌均匀后得到驱油型压裂液体系。该制备方法简单,易于现场快速配制,使用方便,且现场施工安全。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于油田化学领域,具体涉及一种驱油型压裂液体系及其制备方法。
背景技术
常规水基压裂是以彻底破胶为手段来增加返排能力,减小压裂液对储层的伤害。压裂液稠化剂以胍胶为主,破胶后通过助排剂提高压裂的助排性能,减少多储层的伤害。中国专利公告号CN 102732244B提供了超低羟丙基瓜胶浓度压裂液用交联剂及其制得的压裂液,通过降低压裂液中稠化剂用量,从而降低伤害。中国专利公告号CN 104119852B提供了一种压裂酸化纳米乳液助排剂及其制备方法,通过新型纳米乳液助排剂,提高压裂液的返排效率高,降低压裂液对储层的滞留伤害。
压裂开发是低渗透油气田的主要开发方式,然而在压裂完成后,压裂液的返排情况会直接影响到后期该油田的采出量,低渗透油藏压力后返排数据显示压裂液返排率低于20%的油井,投产后产量相对较高,返排率大于60%的井压后产量相对较低。在低渗透油田压裂时不仅要考虑压裂液破胶后对储层的伤害,同时还要考虑滤失进基质的压裂液对渗流特性的影响。压裂液破胶液在毛细管作用下从裂缝渗吸进入含油的基质岩块中,而基质的原油通过油水的置换被驱出来的过程为渗吸驱油。若能发挥未返排压裂液的渗吸替油作用,则可以达到一举两得的作用。
对鄂尔多斯长7储层采用“造缝、蓄能”一体化压裂模式,发现:渗透率越高,渗吸原油置换率越大,粘度越大,渗吸速度越慢,渗吸原油置换率越低;岩心在搞矿化度盐水渗吸时,岩心内外盐浓度差越大,置换率越高。统计长庆油田某区块存地液量与油井一年累积产量的关系发现,存地液量越大,一年累积产量越高,与常规的返排率越高产量越高概念恰恰相反,可能与存地液的自发渗吸替油有关。
基于老油田的驱替洗油,页岩储层的造缝-蓄能需求,本发明提出了一种驱(洗)油压裂液的配方、制备方法及现场施工方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种驱油型压裂液体系及其制备方法,该驱油型压裂液体系针对低渗透油层实施重复压裂、页岩油储层蓄能闷井工艺技术需求,通过该技术的实施,有助于提高压裂液对基质的洗油效率,同时提高压裂的措施效果。其制备方法简单,易于现场快速配制,使用方便,且现场施工安全。
本发明是通过以下技术方案来实现:
本发明公开的一种驱油型压裂液体系,以质量百分比计,由以下成分组成:
胍胶0.25-0.3%
超低界面张力表面活性剂0.5-0.8%
氯化钾1.0-3.0%
杀菌剂0.1%~0.5%
余量为水。
优选地,胍胶为羟丙基胍尔胶,杀菌剂为CJSJ-3杀菌剂。该两种主剂确保该体系的压裂液粘度和携砂特征,羟丙基胍尔胶、CJSJ-3杀菌剂为西安长庆化工集团生产,
优选地,所述超低界面张力表面活性剂,由烷醇酰胺、十二烷基磺酸钠和磺基甜菜碱混合后搅拌均匀制得,其中,烷醇酰胺、十二烷基磺酸钠和磺基甜菜碱的质量比为2:1.0:1.6,有效含量40%,其余为水。
优选地,超低界面张力表面活性剂的油水界面张力为10-3~10-4mN/m。
优选地,氯化钾的纯度为95%以上。
进一步优选地,配制好驱油压裂液后压裂液的密度大于1.0g/cm3,盐浓度差有助于储层流体和压裂液的粒子交换,密度大于1.0g/cm3,密度差有利于驱油压裂液进入到储层的更深部位。
优选地,所述驱油型压裂液体系在储层温度下破胶后密度大于1.0g/cm3,界面张力小于1.0×10-3mN/m。
本发明还公开了上述的驱油型压裂液体系的制备方法,包括以下步骤:按质量配比取胍胶、超低界面张力表面活性剂、氯化钾、杀菌剂和水进行混合,搅拌均匀后得到驱油型压裂液体系;
为确保渗吸驱油平衡,压裂施工结束后,根据储层特性和施工参数,需关井闷井时间大于7天以上后,待井口压力24小时变化小于5%时,认为驱油渗吸达到平衡,可以开始防喷求产。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益的技术效果:
本发明公开的驱油型压裂液体系,针对注水开发的油井,重复改造时利用驱油型压裂液体系扩散进入水驱通道,返排时具有一定的驱(洗)特征,提高水驱开发油藏重复压裂时压裂液破胶液的洗油效率。其组成成分包括超低界面张力表面活性剂和氯化钾,超低界面张力表面活性剂能有效地改变砂岩表面的润湿性,从亲油转为亲水,使岩石表面发生润湿反转,并大幅降低油水界面张力,清洗岩石表面的残余油,从而提高驱替效率,提高采收率。采用氯化钾作为防膨剂能提高压裂液的密度,有助于破胶液进入毛细管。
针对自然能量开发的非常规储层,闷井蓄能过程中,该压裂液体系的密度大于1.0g/cm3,有利于扩大压裂液破胶液的波及体积,该压裂液体系的界面张力小于1.0×10- 3mN/m,有助于提高压裂液波及到的区域中,压裂液的洗油效率,从而达到提高压裂增产的效果。
该驱油型压裂液体系的制备方法简便,其方法中所用配方组成简单、易于现场快速配制、使用方便、现场施工安全。
附图说明
图1为实施例1所得的驱油型压裂液体系压裂后破胶液在60℃下,10min的界面张力数据图;
图2为实施例1所得的驱油型压裂液体系压裂后破胶液在60℃下,10min的界面张力测定对比图,其中a为3min,b为5min,c为7min,d为9min。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体的实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明,所述是对本发明的解释而不是限定。
本发明公开的驱油型压裂液体系,以质量百分比计,由以下成分组成:
胍胶0.25-0.3%;
超低界面张力表面活性剂0.5-0.8%;
氯化钾1.0-3.0%;
杀菌剂0.1%~0.5%;
余量为水。
本发明公开的驱油型压裂液体系中稠化剂胍胶(CJ2-6)、杀菌剂(CJSJ-3)均为长庆化工集团产品。超低界面张力表面活性剂(EOS-3)为阴离子与非离子表面活性剂复配所得,即由烷醇酰胺、十二烷基磺酸钠和磺基甜菜碱按照质量比为2:1:1.6(有效含量40%,其余为水)混合后搅拌均匀制得。氯化钾(KCl)要求纯度95%以上。该体系在储层温度下破胶后密度大于1.0g/cm3,界面张力小于1.0×10-3mN/m,对基质岩石具有较高的洗油效率。
本发明与现有的压裂液相比有如下优点:
1)配方组成简单,易于现场快速配制,现场施工安全、配制简单、方便;
2)压裂液破胶液具有超低界面张力,界面张力小于1.0×10-3mN/m;
3)该压裂液体系密度大于1.0g/cm3。
实施例1
本实施例的驱油型压裂液体系,以质量百分比计,由以下成分组成:
胍胶(CJ2-6)0.25%;超低界面张力表面活性剂(EOS-3)0.5%;氯化钾(KCl)1.0%;杀菌剂(CJSJ-3)0.5%;余量为水。
超低界面张力表面活性剂(EOS-3)的制备方法:将烷醇酰胺、十二烷基磺酸钠和磺基甜菜碱,按照质量比为2:1:1.6进行混合,混合液的质量百分数为40%,其余为水,然后搅拌均匀,得到超低界面张力表面活性剂(EOS-3),其油水界面张力达到1.2×10-3mN/m。
本实施例1驱油型压裂液体系的制备方法:按照上述质量百分比,取胍胶、超低界面张力表面活性剂(EOS-3)、氯化钾(KCl)、杀菌剂(CJSJ-3)和余量水,混合后充分搅拌均匀,制得驱油型压裂液体系。
将实施例1制得的驱油型压裂液体系应用于A243-XX井长X层为致密砂岩储层,深度2155~2200m,储层温度约60℃。现场压裂施工顺利,平均砂比达到30%,压后关井扩压7天后,压裂后破胶液具有较低界面张力,界面张力为1.2×10-3mN/m,密度大于1.01g/cm3,洗油作用明显,抽汲3个班即见油。该驱油型压裂液体系压裂后破胶液在60℃下、10min的界面张力数据图、界面张力测定对比图分别如图1和图2所示。
实施例2
本实施例的驱油型压裂液体系,以质量百分比计,由以下成分组成:
胍胶(CJ2-6)0.25%;超低界面表面活性剂(EOS-3)0.5%;氯化钾(KCl)3.0%;杀菌剂(CJSJ-3)0.5%;余量为水。
超低界面张力表面活性剂(EOS-3)的制备方法:将烷醇酰胺、十二烷基磺酸钠和磺基甜菜碱,按照质量比为2:1:1.6进行混合,混合液的质量百分数为40%,其余为水,然后搅拌均匀,得到超低界面张力表面活性剂(EOS-3),其油水界面张力达到1.2×10-3mN/m。
本实施例2驱油型压裂液体系的制备方法:按照上述质量百分比,取胍胶、超低界面张力表面活性剂(EOS-3)、氯化钾(KCl)、杀菌剂(CJSJ-3)和余量水,混合后充分搅拌均匀,制得驱油型压裂液体系。
将实施例2制得的驱油型压裂液体系应用于A241-XX井长X层为致密砂岩储层重复压裂施工,深度2213~2230m,储层温度约60℃,施工顺利,平均砂比达到30%,压后关井扩压7天后,压裂后破胶液具有较低界面张力,界面张力为(1.2×10-3mN/m),密度为(1.03)g/cm3,洗油作用明显,单井增油达400t。
实施例3
本实施例的驱油型压裂液体系,以质量百分比计,由以下成分组成:
胍胶(CJ2-6)0.25%;超低界面张力表面活性剂(EOS-3)0.8%;氯化钾(KCl)1.8%;杀菌剂(CJSJ-3)0.1%;余量为水。
超低界面张力表面活性剂(EOS-3)的制备方法:将烷醇酰胺、十二烷基磺酸钠和磺基甜菜碱,按照质量比为2:1:1.6进行混合,混合液的质量百分数为40%,其余为水,然后搅拌均匀,得到超低界面张力表面活性剂(EOS-3),其油水界面张力达到1.2×10-3mN/m。
本实施例3驱油型压裂液体系的制备方法:按照上述质量百分比,取胍胶、超低界面张力表面活性剂(EOS-3)、氯化钾(KCl)、杀菌剂(CJSJ-3)和余量水,混合后充分搅拌均匀,制得驱油型压裂液体系。
将实施例3制得的驱油型压裂液体系应用于A241-XX井长X层为致密砂岩储层重复压裂施工,深度2213~2230m,储层温度约60℃,施工顺利,平均砂比达到30%,压后关井扩压7天后,压裂后破胶液具有较低界面张力,界面张力为(1.1×10-3mN/m)mN/M,密度为(1.02)g/cm3,洗油作用明显,单井增油达399t。
实施例4
本实施例的驱油型压裂液体系,以质量百分比计,由以下成分组成:
胍胶(CJ2-6)0.25%;超低界面张力表面活性剂(EOS-3)0.5%;氯化钾(KCl)1.8%;杀菌剂(CJSJ-3)0.1%;余量为水。
超低界面张力表面活性剂(EOS-3)的制备方法:将烷醇酰胺、十二烷基磺酸钠和磺基甜菜碱,按照质量比为2:1:1.6进行混合,混合液的质量百分数为40%,其余为水,然后搅拌均匀,得到超低界面张力表面活性剂(EOS-3),其油水界面张力达到1.2×10-3mN/m。
本实施例3驱油型压裂液体系的制备方法:按照上述质量百分比,取胍胶、超低界面张力表面活性剂(EOS-3)、氯化钾(KCl)、杀菌剂(CJSJ-3)和余量水,混合后充分搅拌均匀,制得驱油型压裂液体系。
将实施例3制得的驱油型压裂液体系应用于H40-13井长X层为页岩储层水平井蓄能压裂施工,深度2213~2230m,储层温度约60℃,施工顺利,平均砂比达到20%,压后关井扩压90天后,压裂后破胶液具有较低界面张力,界面张力为(1.3×10-3mN/m)mN/M,密度为(1.01)g/cm3,见油返排率为3.1%。
Claims (7)
1.一种驱油型压裂液体系,其特征在于,以质量百分比计,由以下成分组成:
胍胶0.25%~0.3%
超低界面张力表面活性剂0.5%~0.8%
氯化钾1.0%~3.0%
杀菌剂0.1%~0.5%
余量为水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的驱油型压裂液体系,其特征在于,胍胶为羟丙基胍尔胶,杀菌剂为CJSJ-3杀菌剂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的驱油型压裂液体系,其特征在于,超低界面张力表面活性剂由烷醇酰胺、十二烷基磺酸钠和磺基甜菜碱混合后搅拌均匀制得,烷醇酰胺、十二烷基磺酸钠和磺基甜菜碱的质量比为2:1:1.6。
4.根据权利要求1所述的驱油型压裂液体系,其特征在于,超低界面张力表面活性剂的油水界面张力为10-3~10-4mN/m。
5.根据权利要求1所述的驱油型压裂液体系,其特征在于,氯化钾的纯度为95%以上。
6.根据权利要求1所述的驱油型压裂液体系,其特征在于,所述驱油型压裂液体系在储层温度下破胶后密度大于1.0g/cm3,界面张力小于1.0×10-3mN/m。
7.权利要求1~6任意一项所述的驱油型压裂液体系的制备方法,其特征在于,包括:按质量配比取胍胶、超低界面张力表面活性剂、氯化钾、杀菌剂和水进行混合,搅拌均匀后得到驱油型压裂液体系。
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