CN112961434A

CN112961434A - Preparation process of high polymer plastic

Info

Publication number: CN112961434A
Application number: CN202110189593.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈小豪
Original assignee: Xiamen Junzhongsheng New Material Co ltd
Current assignee: Xiamen Junzhongsheng New Material Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-02-19
Filing date: 2021-02-19
Publication date: 2021-06-15

Abstract

The application provides a preparation process of polymer plastic, and belongs to the field of polymer materials and material processing. According to the high polymer plastic provided by the application, high-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, glucomannan and polypropylene are used as main basic master batches, particularly glucomannan is added, and the reaction is accelerated and the high polymer plastic is quickly molded under the processing reaction conditions of melting and mixing under the action of a catalyst; and the stability of the basic performance of the material is ensured by substances such as a plasticizer, a filler, an antioxidant and the like.

Description

Preparation process of high polymer plastic

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of high polymer materials and material preparation, in particular to a preparation process of high polymer plastics.

Background

Plastics are widely used materials in the life at present, and bring great convenience for the daily life of people. In the food field, plastics are also commonly used, such as food bags, food plastic boxes and the like.

With the use of plastics, the degradation of plastics and the difficulty thereof lead to more and more plastic wastes and more serious white pollution.

Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new production process for producing plastics excellent in properties.

Content of application

The application discloses a preparation process of high polymer plastic, which comprises the following steps:

mixing high-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, glucomannan and polypropylene to be used as a high-molecular master batch, grinding and crushing the high-molecular master batch, and taking the high-molecular master batch as a first master batch and a second master batch;

preparing glass fiber, diatomite and asbestos into a filler, preparing epoxy soybean oil, epoxy fatty acid butyl ester and trioctyl trimellitate into a plasticizer, and stirring and mixing the plasticizer and the first master batch to obtain a first mixture;

preparing dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethyl amide into a foaming agent, preparing calcium stearate, calcium ricinoleate and zinc stearate into a stabilizer, and stirring and mixing the foaming agent and the stabilizer with the second master batch to obtain a second mixture;

melting and mixing the first mixture, the second mixture and a catalyst to obtain a molten material;

mixing the molten materials and extruding to prepare high polymer plastics;

the catalyst is nano silicon dioxide.

According to the preparation process of the polymer plastic, the prepared plastic has better performance through the mixing of different materials and different mixing sequences.

Glucomannan belongs to the excellent product of soluble hemicellulose in the seventh human nutrient cellulose. Glucomannan has various unique physical and chemical properties of water solubility, water retention and thickening, stability, suspension, gelation, adhesion, film formation and the like, so that the glucomannan has wide application and development values. The addition of glucomannan can not only improve the film-forming effect, but also promote the degradation of the material to a certain extent.

High-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, glucomannan and polypropylene are used as raw materials, so that the grafting and crosslinking degree is improved, and the performance and strength of the material are improved.

In some of the foregoing embodiments, the high density polyethylene, the low density polyethylene, the glucomannan and the polypropylene are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1 to 3:2:2 to 3.

In the embodiment, the tolerance temperature range of the material is controlled by controlling the dosage proportion of the high-density polyethylene, the low-density polyethylene, the glucomannan and the polypropylene; the reasonable utilization of raw materials is ensured, the yield is improved, and the aim of saving the production cost is fulfilled.

In some of the foregoing embodiments, the polymer masterbatch is ground to a powder of 200-300 mesh.

In the embodiment, the high molecular master batch is ground into powder with 200-300 meshes, which is beneficial to fully mixing all components, and the efficiency of absorbing heat of the material can be improved in the subsequent processing by grinding the powder to improve the specific surface area of the powder molecules; the yield of the reaction is improved.

In some of the foregoing embodiments, the mass ratio of the first masterbatch to the second masterbatch is 1-2: 1.

In some of the foregoing embodiments, the glass fibers, diatomaceous earth, and asbestos are formed into a filler in a mass ratio of 1-3:1: 2; epoxidized soybean oil, epoxidized fatty acid butyl ester and trioctyl trimellitate are prepared into the plasticizer according to the mass ratio of 1:2: 1-2.

In the embodiment, the glass fiber, the diatomite and the asbestos are prepared into the filler according to a certain proportion, so that the stability of the material performance is ensured, and the strength is kept in a reasonable range.

Plasticizers are additives for polymer materials, which are widely used in industrial production, and are also called plasticizers. Any substance added to a polymeric material that increases the plasticity of the polymer is called a plasticizer. The plasticizer can improve the performance of the high polymer material, reduce the production cost and improve the production benefit.

In some of the foregoing embodiments, the filler, plasticizer, and first masterbatch are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1: 18-25.

In the examples, the amount of filler and plasticizer is controlled to maximize the effectiveness of the filler and plasticizer without affecting the material preparation.

In some of the foregoing examples, dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethyl amide were made into a foaming agent in a mass ratio of 1-3:1, and calcium stearate, calcium ricinoleate and zinc stearate were made into a stabilizer in a mass ratio of 1-2:1: 1-2.

The foaming agent is used to effectively improve the surface tension of the material, prevent the formation of attachments and be beneficial to keeping the material clean.

In some of the foregoing embodiments, the blowing agent, stabilizer, and second masterbatch are mixed in a ratio of 1:2: 12-18.

In the embodiment, the foaming agent and the stabilizing agent are more beneficial to processing materials, so that the production cost is saved, and the production efficiency is improved.

In some of the foregoing embodiments, the first mix, the second mix, and the catalyst are mixed in a ratio of 18-20:15-17: 1.

Nanometer titanium dioxide is an inorganic chemical material, commonly called white carbon black. Due to the superfine nanometer grade and the size range of 1-100 nm, the material has a plurality of unique properties, such as optical performance of resisting ultraviolet rays, and can improve the ageing resistance, strength and chemical resistance of other materials. The application is very wide. The nano-scale silicon dioxide is amorphous white powder, is nontoxic, tasteless and pollution-free, and has a spherical microstructure and a flocculent and reticular quasi-particle structure. The plastic can become more compact, and the transparency, the strength, the toughness, the waterproof performance and the ageing resistance of the plastic can be improved after the silicon dioxide is added. Common plastics can be modified by utilizing the nano silicon dioxide.

In some embodiments, the melt mixing temperature is 180 ℃ to 182 ℃, and the mixing temperature is 170 ℃ to 175 ℃.

In the examples, the occurrence of reactions such as crosslinking and grafting of materials is accelerated by melting and kneading. And the reaction is accelerated by the catalyst, so that the efficiency is improved.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this application includes: according to the high polymer plastic provided by the application, high-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, glucomannan and polypropylene are used as main basic master batches, particularly glucomannan is added, and the reaction is accelerated and the high polymer plastic is quickly molded under the processing reaction conditions of melting and mixing under the action of a catalyst; and the stability of the basic performance of the material is ensured by substances such as a plasticizer, a filler, an antioxidant and the like.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

FIG. 1 is a photograph of an extruded plastic sheet of example 1 having a thickness of about 0.1 mm.

FIG. 2 is a photograph of about 6 months of degradation on soil of the extruded plastic sheet of example 1 having a thickness of about 0.1 mm.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following examples are only illustrative of the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.

The features and properties of the present application are described in further detail below with reference to examples.

Example 1

The embodiment provides a preparation process of polymer plastic, which comprises the following steps:

mixing 10g of high-density polyethylene, 10g of low-density polyethylene, 20g of glucomannan and 30g of polypropylene, and grinding into high-molecular master batch mixed powder of 200 meshes; taking 18g of the mixed powder of the high molecular master batches as a first master batch, and taking 18g of the mixed powder of the high molecular master batches as a second master batch.

1g of glass fiber, 1g of diatomaceous earth and 2g of asbestos were mixed, pulverized and ground into powder to prepare a filler.

Uniformly mixing 1g of epoxidized soybean oil, 2g of epoxidized fatty acid butyl ester and 2g of trioctyl trimellitate powder to prepare the plasticizer.

1g of dimethyl sulfoxide and 1g of dimethyl amide are mixed according to the proportion of 1:1, and are crushed and ground into powder to be used as a foaming agent.

Grinding calcium stearate 2g, calcium ricinoleate 1g and zinc stearate 1g into powder, and mixing to obtain stabilizer.

Mixing 1g of filler, 1g of plasticizer and 18g of first master batch to obtain a first mixture;

mixing 1g of foaming agent, 2g of stabilizing agent and 18g of second master batch to obtain a second mixed material;

mixing 18g of the first mixture and 17g of the second mixture with 1g of nano-silica catalyst, and melting and mixing at 180 ℃; obtaining a molten material; then transferring the mixture to a mixing mill, mixing at 170 ℃ and extruding.

Example 2

mixing 10g of high-density polyethylene, 30g of low-density polyethylene, 20g of glucomannan and 30g of polypropylene, and grinding into 300-mesh high-molecular master batch mixed powder; the first masterbatch is prepared from 24g of the mixed powder of the polymer masterbatch, and the second masterbatch is prepared from 12g of the mixed powder of the polymer masterbatch.

3g of glass fiber, 1g of diatomaceous earth and 2g of asbestos were mixed, pulverized and ground into powder to prepare a filler.

3g of dimethyl sulfoxide and 1g of dimethyl amide are mixed according to the ratio of 3:1, and are crushed and ground into powder to be used as a foaming agent.

Grinding 2g of calcium stearate, 1g of calcium ricinoleate and 2g of zinc stearate into powder, and mixing to prepare the stabilizer.

Mixing 1g of filler, 1g of plasticizer and 24g of first master batch to obtain a first mixture;

mixing 1g of foaming agent, 2g of stabilizing agent and 12g of second master batch to obtain a second mixed material;

mixing 25g of the first mixture and 15g of the second mixture with 1g of nano silicon dioxide catalyst, and melting and mixing at 182 ℃; obtaining a molten material; then the mixture is transferred to a mixing mill to be mixed and extruded at 175 ℃.

Example 3

mixing 10g of high-density polyethylene, 20g of low-density polyethylene, 20g of glucomannan and 30g of polypropylene, and grinding into high-molecular master batch mixed powder of 250 meshes; 25g of the polymer master batch mixed powder is taken as a first master batch, and 15g of the polymer master batch mixed powder is taken as a second master batch.

2g of glass fiber, 1g of diatomaceous earth and 2g of asbestos were mixed, pulverized and ground into powder to prepare a filler.

2g of dimethyl sulfoxide and 1g of dimethyl amide are mixed according to the ratio of 2:1, and are crushed and ground into powder to be used as a foaming agent.

Grinding 1g of calcium stearate, 1g of calcium ricinoleate and 2g of zinc stearate into powder, and mixing to prepare the stabilizer.

Mixing 1g of filler, 1g of plasticizer and 25g of first master batch to obtain a first mixture;

mixing 1g of foaming agent, 2g of stabilizing agent and 16g of second master batch to obtain a second mixed material;

mixing the first mixture 20g and the second mixture 16g with the nano-silica catalyst 1g, and melting and mixing at 182 ℃; obtaining a molten material; then the mixture is transferred to a mixing mill to be mixed and extruded at 175 ℃.

Example 4

mixing 10g of high-density polyethylene, 25g of low-density polyethylene, 20g of glucomannan and 20g of polypropylene, and grinding into 220-mesh high-molecular master batch mixed powder; the first masterbatch was prepared from 34g of the polymer masterbatch mixed powder, and the second masterbatch was prepared from 20g of the polymer masterbatch mixed powder.

mixing 1g of foaming agent, 2g of stabilizing agent and 14g of second master batch to obtain a second mixed material;

mixing 18g of the first mixture and 16g of the second mixture with 1g of nano-silica catalyst, and melting and mixing at 180 ℃; obtaining a molten material; then the mixture is transferred to a mixing mill to be mixed and extruded at 175 ℃.

Example 5

mixing 10g of high-density polyethylene, 20g of low-density polyethylene, 20g of glucomannan and 25g of polypropylene, and grinding into 280-mesh high-molecular master batch mixed powder; 40g of the polymer master batch mixed powder is taken as a first master batch, and 25g of the polymer master batch mixed powder is taken as a second master batch.

Uniformly mixing 1g of epoxidized soybean oil, 2g of epoxidized fatty acid butyl ester and 1g of trioctyl trimellitate powder to prepare the plasticizer.

Mixing 1g of filler, 1g of plasticizer and 22g of first master batch to obtain a first mixture;

mixing 1g of foaming agent, 2g of stabilizing agent and 17g of second master batch to obtain a second mixed material;

mixing 20g of the first mixture and 7g of the second mixture with 1g of nano-silica catalyst, and melting and mixing at 182 ℃; obtaining a molten material; then transferred to a mixer, further mixed at 173 ℃ and extruded.

Referring to FIGS. 1-2, FIGS. 1-2 are photographs of plastic sheets prepared in example 1 and having a thickness of about 0.1mm, respectively, degraded on earth for about 6 months. It can be seen from the photographs that it degrades into tiny plastic flakes after about 6 months of natural degradation.

The embodiments described above are some, but not all embodiments of the present application. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present application is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. The preparation process of the high polymer plastic is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

mixing high-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, glucomannan and polypropylene to be used as a high-molecular master batch, grinding and crushing the high-molecular master batch, and dividing the high-molecular master batch into a first master batch and a second master batch;

preparing glass fiber, diatomite and asbestos into a filler, preparing epoxy soybean oil, epoxy fatty acid butyl ester and trioctyl trimellitate into a plasticizer, and stirring and mixing the plasticizer with the first master batch to obtain a first mixture;

preparing dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethyl amide into a foaming agent, preparing calcium stearate, calcium ricinoleate and zinc stearate into a stabilizer, and stirring and mixing the foaming agent, the stabilizer and a second master batch to obtain a second mixture;

mixing the molten materials and extruding to prepare high polymer plastics;

the catalyst is nano silicon dioxide.

2. The process for preparing polymer plastic according to claim 1, wherein the high-density polyethylene, the low-density polyethylene, the glucomannan and the polypropylene are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1-3:2: 2-3.

3. The process for preparing polymer plastic according to claim 1, wherein the polymer masterbatch is ground into powder of 200-300 mesh.

4. A process for producing a polymeric plastic according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the first base material to the second base material is 1-2: 1.

5. The process for preparing polymer plastic according to claim 1, wherein the glass fiber, the diatomaceous earth and the asbestos are prepared into the filler according to a mass ratio of 1-3:1: 2; the epoxidized soybean oil, the epoxidized fatty acid butyl ester and the trimellitic acid trioctyl ester are prepared into the plasticizer according to the mass ratio of 1:2: 1-2.

6. A process for producing a polymer plastic according to claim 5, wherein the filler, the plasticizer and the first masterbatch are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1: 18-25.

7. A process for producing a polymer plastic according to claim 1, wherein the foaming agent is prepared from dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethyl amide at a mass ratio of 1-3:1, and the stabilizer is prepared from calcium stearate, calcium ricinoleate and zinc stearate at a mass ratio of 1-2:1: 1-2.

8. A process for preparing polymeric plastic according to claim 7, wherein the blowing agent, the stabilizer and the second masterbatch are mixed in a ratio of 1:2: 12-18.

9. The process for preparing high molecular plastic according to claim 1, wherein the first mixture, the second mixture and the catalyst are mixed in a ratio of 18-25:15-17: 1.

10. The process for preparing polymer plastic according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the melt mixing is 180-182 ℃, and the temperature of the mixing is 170-175 ℃.