CN114230899A - Environment-friendly polyethylene garbage bag easy to decompose and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Environment-friendly polyethylene garbage bag easy to decompose and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an environment-friendly polyethylene garbage bag easy to decompose and a preparation process thereof, wherein the formula comprises the following components: high-density polyethylene, modified starch, biochar, lignocellulose aerogel, a silane coupling agent and silanized bentonite; the preparation process comprises the steps of firstly, preparing modified starch; step two, biochar treatment; step three, preparing silanized bentonite; step four, mixing and granulating; step five, blow molding; the modified starch replaces natural starch, so that the thermoplasticity of the modified starch is improved, the rheological property of the modified starch can be improved, the modified starch is conveniently and uniformly dispersed in the high-density polyethylene, and the processing and forming properties are improved; the porous structure biochar, the lignocellulose aerogel and the starch are matched to provide a breeding place and nutrients for microorganisms, so that the degradability of the garbage bag in the soil environment is improved; the raw materials adopted by the invention have wide sources and low cost, and are convenient to popularize and use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of garbage bags, in particular to an environment-friendly garbage bag with easily decomposed polyethylene and a preparation process thereof.
Background
The existing garbage bags are mostly made of polyethylene materials, and the garbage bags have large requirements, so that certain requirements are made on the garbage bags and the preparation process thereof in the market; however, most of the existing garbage bags are made of polyethylene materials which are not easy to degrade, so that serious resource waste and environmental pollution are easily caused; therefore, the invention of the environment-friendly polyethylene garbage bag easy to decompose and the preparation process thereof are very necessary at the present stage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an environment-friendly polyethylene garbage bag easy to decompose and a preparation process thereof, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an environment-friendly polyethylene garbage bag easy to decompose comprises the following components: the composite material comprises high-density polyethylene, modified starch, biochar, lignocellulose aerogel, a silane coupling agent and silanized bentonite, wherein the components in parts by weight are as follows: 15-30 parts of starch, 60-80 parts of high-density polyethylene, 20-25 parts of biochar, 5-10 parts of lignocellulose aerogel, 3-8 parts of silane coupling agent and 10-15 parts of silanized bentonite.
A preparation process of an environment-friendly polyethylene easily-decomposed garbage bag comprises the steps of preparing modified starch; step two, biochar treatment; step three, preparing silanized bentonite; step four, mixing and granulating; and step five, blow molding.
In the first step, firstly, uniformly mixing starch and nano silicon dioxide according to the mass ratio of 25:1, and then, treating for 5-10min by adopting microwave to prepare a starch mixture; uniformly mixing the starch mixture and the modification solution according to 0.5-0.8g/mL, adding the mixture into a reaction kettle, stirring the mixture for 1.5-2 hours at the temperature of 95 ℃ at the rotating speed of 1200r/min, and then filtering and drying the mixture to obtain a pre-modified starch mixture; and then adding a mixture of chloroform-ethanol mixed solution and pre-modified starch in a mass ratio of 5:1 into a high-speed mixer, stirring for 1.5-2h, and then filtering and drying to obtain the modified starch.
And in the second step, adding the biochar into a nitric acid solution with the mass concentration of 0.6-1%, treating for 15-30min at 50-70 ℃ under the ultrasonic condition, filtering, washing by deionized water, and drying to obtain the treated biochar.
In the third step, firstly, uniformly mixing an organosilane coupling agent and 30% by mass of ethanol solution according to the ratio of 0.1-0.3g/mL, heating to 45-60 ℃ to obtain an organosilane coupling agent solution, adding 35-45% by mass of calcined bentonite into the silane coupling agent solution, uniformly stirring, performing ultrasonic treatment for 8-10min, standing for 1.5-2h, filtering, and drying to constant weight to obtain the silanized bentonite.
In the fourth step, 15-30 parts of starch, 60-80 parts of high-density polyethylene, 20-25 parts of charcoal, 5-10 parts of lignocellulose aerogel, 3-8 parts of silane coupling agent and 10-15 parts of silanized bentonite are respectively weighed and put into a mixer to be uniformly mixed; and then putting the prepared mixture into a double-screw extruder for mixing and extruding, and then cooling and granulating to prepare the polyethylene modified material for the degradable garbage bag.
And in the fifth step, the polyethylene modified material prepared in the third step is introduced into a blown film machine for film blowing, an air cooling mechanism is arranged at the position of a film blowing opening, the film cooling forming is accelerated through the air cooling mechanism, harmful and unpleasant gas generated by the film cooling forming is filtered and removed through a filter at the air cooling mechanism, then color printing and cutting are carried out, a film with a specification size is prepared, and finally, the edge sealing is carried out, so that the environment-friendly plastic garbage bag easy to decompose is prepared.
Preferably, in the first step, the starch used is one or more of potato starch, corn starch and soybean starch.
Preferably, in the first step, the modification solution is prepared by mixing acrylic acid, sodium hypochlorite, methyl siloxane, ethanol and deionized water in a mass ratio of 5:1:2:15: 50.
Preferably, in the third step, the bentonite is calcined at 850 ℃ of 700-20 min.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the double-screw extruder has six sections, the extrusion temperature of the first section and the second section is 180-190 ℃, the extrusion temperature of other sections is 190-210 ℃, and the rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 300-350 r/min.
Preferably, in the fifth step, the blow molding temperature of the blow molding machine is 180-190 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the modified starch is safe and reliable, the modified starch replaces natural starch, and the natural starch has poor solubility, is hydrophilic and not easy to dissolve in water, is not melted by heating and has poor forming performance; by using the modified starch and the silanized bentonite, crosslinking caused by thermal aging in the process of preparing the garbage bag can be prevented, gelation is prevented, the thermal stability of the prepared plastic bag can be greatly improved, and the plasticizing effect is achieved; the porous structure biochar, the lignocellulose aerogel and the starch are matched to provide a breeding place and nutrients for microorganisms, so that the degradability of the garbage bag in the soil environment is improved; through certain treatment processing of the biochar, hydrophilic groups on the surface of the biochar are reduced, while lipophilic groups are increased, so that the biochar can be better combined with polyethylene, and the using amount of the polyethylene is reduced; the cooling water used by the double-screw extruder in the preparation process is recycled, no waste water, waste gas or waste residue is generated, the environment is protected, emission is reduced, the cost is reduced, the air cooling mechanism and the filter are arranged at the output port of the film blowing machine, the film is cooled through the air cooling mechanism, the film forming is accelerated, harmful and unpleasant gas generated during the film forming process is filtered and removed through the filter, the production efficiency is improved, the environment is protected, and the emission is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a technical solution provided by the present invention:
example 1:
an environment-friendly polyethylene garbage bag easy to decompose comprises the following components: the composite material comprises high-density polyethylene, modified starch, biochar, lignocellulose aerogel, a silane coupling agent and silanized bentonite, wherein the components in parts by weight are as follows: 25 parts of starch, 60 parts of high-density polyethylene, 25 parts of biochar, 5 parts of lignocellulose aerogel, 3 parts of silane coupling agent and 10 parts of silanized bentonite.
A preparation process of an environment-friendly polyethylene easily-decomposed garbage bag comprises the steps of preparing modified starch; step two, biochar treatment; step three, preparing silanized bentonite; step four, mixing and granulating; and step five, blow molding.
In the first step, starch and nano silicon dioxide are uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of 25:1, then microwave treatment is adopted for 5-10min, and a starch mixture is prepared, wherein the starch is one or more of potato starch, corn starch and soybean starch; uniformly mixing the starch mixture and a modification solution according to 0.5-0.8g/mL, adding the mixture into a reaction kettle, stirring at the temperature of 95 ℃ at the rotating speed of 1200r/min for 1.5-2h, and then filtering and drying to obtain a pre-modified starch mixture, wherein the modification solution is prepared by mixing acrylic acid, sodium hypochlorite, methyl siloxane, ethanol and deionized water in a mass ratio of 5:1:2:15: 50; and then adding a mixture of chloroform-ethanol mixed solution and pre-modified starch in a mass ratio of 5:1 into a high-speed mixer, stirring for 1.5-2h, and then filtering and drying to obtain the modified starch.
And in the second step, adding the biochar into a nitric acid solution with the mass concentration of 0.6-1%, treating for 15-30min at 50-70 ℃ under the ultrasonic condition, filtering, washing by deionized water, and drying to obtain the treated biochar.
In the third step, firstly, uniformly mixing an organosilane coupling agent and 30% by mass of ethanol solution according to the ratio of 0.1-0.3g/mL, heating to 45-60 ℃ to obtain an organosilane coupling agent solution, adding 35-45% by mass of calcined bentonite into the silane coupling agent solution, uniformly stirring, performing ultrasonic treatment for 8-10min, standing for 1.5-2h, filtering, drying to constant weight to obtain silanized bentonite, and calcining the bentonite at the temperature of 850 ℃ of 700-.
In the fourth step, 25 parts of starch, 60 parts of high-density polyethylene, 25 parts of charcoal, 5 parts of lignocellulose aerogel, 3 parts of silane coupling agent and 10 parts of silanized bentonite are respectively weighed and put into a mixer to be uniformly mixed; and then putting the prepared mixture into a double-screw extruder for mixing and extruding, and then cooling and granulating to prepare the polyethylene modified material for the degradable garbage bag, wherein the double-screw extruder has six sections, the extrusion temperature of the first section and the second section is 180-190 ℃, the extrusion temperature of other sections is 190-210 ℃, and the rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 300-350 r/min.
And in the fifth step, the polyethylene modified material prepared in the third step is introduced into a blown film machine for film blowing, the blowing temperature of the blown film machine is 180-190 ℃, an air cooling mechanism is arranged at a film blowing port, the film cooling forming is accelerated through the air cooling mechanism, harmful and unpleasant gas generated by the film cooling forming is filtered and removed through a filter at the air cooling mechanism, then color printing and slitting are carried out, a film with a specification size is prepared, and finally edge sealing is carried out to prepare the environment-friendly easily-decomposed plastic garbage bag.
Example 2:
an environment-friendly polyethylene garbage bag easy to decompose comprises the following components: the composite material comprises high-density polyethylene, modified starch, biochar, lignocellulose aerogel, a silane coupling agent and silanized bentonite, wherein the components in parts by weight are as follows: 25 parts of starch, 75 parts of high-density polyethylene, 20 parts of biochar, 6 parts of lignocellulose aerogel, 5 parts of silane coupling agent and 10 parts of silanized bentonite.
A preparation process of an environment-friendly polyethylene easily-decomposed garbage bag comprises the steps of preparing modified starch; step two, biochar treatment; step three, preparing silanized bentonite; step four, mixing and granulating; and step five, blow molding.
In the first step, starch and nano silicon dioxide are uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of 25:1, then microwave treatment is adopted for 5-10min, and a starch mixture is prepared, wherein the starch is one or more of potato starch, corn starch and soybean starch; uniformly mixing the starch mixture and a modification solution according to 0.5-0.8g/mL, adding the mixture into a reaction kettle, stirring at the temperature of 95 ℃ at the rotating speed of 1200r/min for 1.5-2h, and then filtering and drying to obtain a pre-modified starch mixture, wherein the modification solution is prepared by mixing acrylic acid, sodium hypochlorite, methyl siloxane, ethanol and deionized water in a mass ratio of 5:1:2:15: 50; and then adding a mixture of chloroform-ethanol mixed solution and pre-modified starch in a mass ratio of 5:1 into a high-speed mixer, stirring for 1.5-2h, and then filtering and drying to obtain the modified starch.
And in the second step, adding the biochar into a nitric acid solution with the mass concentration of 0.6-1%, treating for 15-30min at 50-70 ℃ under the ultrasonic condition, filtering, washing by deionized water, and drying to obtain the treated biochar.
In the third step, firstly, uniformly mixing an organosilane coupling agent and 30% by mass of ethanol solution according to the ratio of 0.1-0.3g/mL, heating to 45-60 ℃ to obtain an organosilane coupling agent solution, adding 35-45% by mass of calcined bentonite into the silane coupling agent solution, uniformly stirring, performing ultrasonic treatment for 8-10min, standing for 1.5-2h, filtering, drying to constant weight to obtain silanized bentonite, and calcining the bentonite at the temperature of 850 ℃ of 700-.
In the fourth step, 25 parts of starch, 75 parts of high-density polyethylene, 20 parts of charcoal, 6 parts of lignocellulose aerogel, 5 parts of silane coupling agent and 10 parts of silanized bentonite are respectively weighed and put into a mixer to be uniformly mixed; and then putting the prepared mixture into a double-screw extruder for mixing and extruding, and then cooling and granulating to prepare the polyethylene modified material for the degradable garbage bag, wherein the double-screw extruder has six sections, the extrusion temperature of the first section and the second section is 180-190 ℃, the extrusion temperature of other sections is 190-210 ℃, and the rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 300-350 r/min.
And step five, introducing the polyethylene modified material prepared in the step three into a blow molding film machine for film blowing, wherein the blow molding temperature of the blow molding machine is 180-190 ℃, then performing color printing and slitting to prepare a film with a specification size, and finally sealing edges to prepare the environment-friendly easily-decomposed plastic garbage bag.
Example 3:
an environment-friendly polyethylene garbage bag easy to decompose comprises the following components: the composite material comprises high-density polyethylene, modified starch, biochar, lignocellulose aerogel, a silane coupling agent and silanized bentonite, wherein the components in parts by weight are as follows: 20 parts of starch, 65 parts of high-density polyethylene, 20 parts of biochar, 8 parts of lignocellulose aerogel, 7 parts of silane coupling agent and 12 parts of silanized bentonite.
A preparation process of an environment-friendly polyethylene easily-decomposed garbage bag comprises the steps of preparing modified starch; step two, biochar treatment; step three, preparing silanized bentonite; step four, mixing and granulating; and step five, blow molding.
In the first step, starch and nano silicon dioxide are uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of 25:1, then microwave treatment is adopted for 5-10min, and a starch mixture is prepared, wherein the starch is one or more of potato starch, corn starch and soybean starch; uniformly mixing the starch mixture and a modification solution according to 0.5-0.8g/mL, adding the mixture into a reaction kettle, stirring at the temperature of 95 ℃ at the rotating speed of 1200r/min for 1.5-2h, and then filtering and drying to obtain a pre-modified starch mixture, wherein the modification solution is prepared by mixing acrylic acid, sodium hypochlorite, methyl siloxane, ethanol and deionized water in a mass ratio of 5:1:2:15: 50; and then adding a mixture of chloroform-ethanol mixed solution and pre-modified starch in a mass ratio of 5:1 into a high-speed mixer, stirring for 1.5-2h, and then filtering and drying to obtain the modified starch.
And in the second step, adding the biochar into a nitric acid solution with the mass concentration of 0.6-1%, treating for 15-30min at 50-70 ℃ under the ultrasonic condition, filtering, washing by deionized water, and drying to obtain the treated biochar.
In the third step, firstly, uniformly mixing an organosilane coupling agent and 30% by mass of ethanol solution according to the ratio of 0.1-0.3g/mL, heating to 45-60 ℃ to obtain an organosilane coupling agent solution, adding 35-45% by mass of calcined bentonite into the silane coupling agent solution, uniformly stirring, performing ultrasonic treatment for 8-10min, standing for 1.5-2h, filtering, drying to constant weight to obtain silanized bentonite, and calcining the bentonite at the temperature of 850 ℃ of 700-.
In the fourth step, 20 parts of starch, 65 parts of high-density polyethylene, 20 parts of charcoal, 8 parts of lignocellulose aerogel, 7 parts of silane coupling agent and 12 parts of silanized bentonite are weighed and put into a mixer to be uniformly mixed; and then putting the prepared mixture into a double-screw extruder for mixing and extruding, and then cooling and granulating to prepare the polyethylene modified material for the degradable garbage bag, wherein the double-screw extruder has six sections, the extrusion temperature of the first section and the second section is 180-190 ℃, the extrusion temperature of other sections is 190-210 ℃, and the rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 300-350 r/min.
And step five, introducing the polyethylene modified material prepared in the step three into a blow molding film machine for film blowing, wherein the blow molding temperature of the blow molding machine is 180-190 ℃, then performing color printing and slitting to prepare a film with a specification size, and finally sealing edges to prepare the environment-friendly easily-decomposed plastic garbage bag.
The properties of the examples are compared in the following table:
based on the above, compared with the existing degradable garbage bag, the modified starch is adopted to replace natural starch, so that the thermoplasticity of the garbage bag is improved, the rheological property of the garbage bag can also be improved, the modified starch is conveniently and uniformly dispersed in high-density polyethylene, the processing and forming properties are improved, and the degradability of the garbage bag is conveniently improved; by matching the modified starch and the silanized bentonite, the thermal stability of the prepared plastic bag can be greatly improved, and the plasticizing effect is achieved; through the use of the biochar and the lignocellulose aerogel with porous structures, the biological carbon and the lignocellulose aerogel are suitable for the propagation of microorganisms, and the starch can provide sufficient nutrients for the propagation of the microorganisms, so that the degradability of the garbage bag in the soil environment is further improved; by using the modified biochar, hydrophilic groups on the surface of the biochar are reduced, lipophilic groups are increased, the biochar is conveniently combined with polyethylene, and the using amount of the polyethylene is reduced; the air cooling mechanism and the filter are arranged at the output port of the film blowing machine, so that the film forming is accelerated, harmful and unpleasant gases are filtered and removed, the production efficiency is improved, the environment is protected, and the emission is reduced.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (7)
1. An environment-friendly polyethylene garbage bag easy to decompose comprises the following components: high density polyethylene, modified starch, biochar, lignocellulose aerogel, silane coupling agent and silanization bentonite, its characterized in that: the weight parts of the components are respectively as follows: 15-30 parts of starch, 60-80 parts of high-density polyethylene, 20-25 parts of biochar, 5-10 parts of lignocellulose aerogel, 3-8 parts of silane coupling agent and 10-15 parts of silanized bentonite.
2. A preparation process of an environment-friendly polyethylene easily-decomposed garbage bag comprises the steps of preparing modified starch; step two, biochar treatment; step three, preparing silanized bentonite; step four, mixing and granulating; step five, blow molding; the method is characterized in that:
in the first step, firstly, uniformly mixing starch and nano silicon dioxide according to the mass ratio of 25:1, and then, treating for 5-10min by adopting microwave to prepare a starch mixture; uniformly mixing the starch mixture and the modification solution according to 0.5-0.8g/mL, adding the mixture into a reaction kettle, stirring the mixture for 1.5-2 hours at the temperature of 95 ℃ at the rotating speed of 1200r/min, and then filtering and drying the mixture to obtain a pre-modified starch mixture; then adding a mixture of chloroform-ethanol mixed solution and pre-modified starch in a mass ratio of 5:1 into a high-speed mixer, stirring for 1.5-2h, and then filtering and drying to obtain modified starch;
adding the biochar into a nitric acid solution with the mass concentration of 0.6-1% in the second step, treating for 15-30min at 50-70 ℃ under the ultrasonic condition, filtering, washing by deionized water, and drying to obtain treated biochar;
in the third step, firstly, uniformly mixing an organosilane coupling agent and 30% by mass of ethanol solution according to the ratio of 0.1-0.3g/mL, heating to 45-60 ℃ to obtain an organosilane coupling agent solution, adding 35-45% by mass of calcined bentonite into the silane coupling agent solution, uniformly stirring, performing ultrasonic treatment for 8-10min, standing for 1.5-2h, filtering, and drying to constant weight to obtain silanized bentonite;
in the fourth step, 15-30 parts of starch, 60-80 parts of high-density polyethylene, 20-25 parts of charcoal, 5-10 parts of lignocellulose aerogel, 3-8 parts of silane coupling agent and 10-15 parts of silanized bentonite are respectively weighed and put into a mixer to be uniformly mixed; then putting the prepared mixture into a double-screw extruder for mixing and extruding, and then cooling and granulating to prepare the polyethylene modified material for the degradable garbage bag;
and in the fifth step, the polyethylene modified material prepared in the third step is introduced into a blown film machine for film blowing, an air cooling mechanism is arranged at the position of a film blowing opening, the film cooling forming is accelerated through the air cooling mechanism, harmful and unpleasant gas generated by the film cooling forming is filtered and removed through a filter at the air cooling mechanism, then color printing and cutting are carried out, a film with a specification size is prepared, and finally, the edge sealing is carried out, so that the environment-friendly plastic garbage bag easy to decompose is prepared.
3. The preparation process of the environment-friendly polyethylene easily-decomposed garbage bag according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the first step, the starch used is one or more of potato starch, corn starch and soybean starch.
4. The preparation process of the environment-friendly polyethylene easily-decomposed garbage bag according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the first step, the modification liquid is prepared by mixing acrylic acid, sodium hypochlorite, methyl siloxane, ethanol and deionized water in a mass ratio of 5:1:2:15: 50.
5. The preparation process of the environment-friendly polyethylene easily-decomposed garbage bag according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the third step, the bentonite is calcined at 850 ℃ of 700-850 ℃ for 15-20 min.
6. The preparation process of the environment-friendly polyethylene easily-decomposed garbage bag according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the fourth step, the double-screw extruder has six sections, the extrusion temperature of the first section and the second section is 180-190 ℃, the extrusion temperature of other sections is 190-210 ℃, and the rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 300-350 r/min.
7. The preparation process of the environment-friendly polyethylene easily-decomposed garbage bag according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the fifth step, the blow molding temperature of the blow molding machine is 180-190 ℃.
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| CN117004094A (en) * | 2023-09-01 | 2023-11-07 | 河南奥尼斯帝新材料有限公司 | Starch-based foaming composition, starch-based foaming product and preparation method thereof |
| CN117259402A (en) * | 2023-11-01 | 2023-12-22 | 长沙大旗至诚环保科技有限公司 | Method, device and application for treating kitchen waste of resident family |
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| CN117004094A (en) * | 2023-09-01 | 2023-11-07 | 河南奥尼斯帝新材料有限公司 | Starch-based foaming composition, starch-based foaming product and preparation method thereof |
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