CN112960067A

CN112960067A - Ship section stowage method

Info

Publication number: CN112960067A
Application number: CN202110129823.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘宗强; 谢义东; 秦永刚; 张德志
Original assignee: Guangzhou Shipyard International Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guangzhou Shipyard International Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-01-29
Filing date: 2021-01-29
Publication date: 2021-06-15
Anticipated expiration: 2041-01-29
Also published as: CN112960067B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ships and discloses a ship section stowage method. The method comprises the following steps: s1, selecting a stacking area on a deck of the transport ship; s2, drawing a three-dimensional model of the stacking area and the ship segment; s3, setting a preset height and a preset stacking bottom surface; s4, pre-loading the three-dimensional model of the ship section on the three-dimensional model of the stacking area to form a pre-loading model; s5, planning a first fixing position between the adjacent ship sections and a second fixing position between the ship sections and the deck; s6, arranging a first fixing column on the deck according to the first fixing position, and arranging a second fixing column on the deck according to the second fixing position; s7, actually stacking the ship sections, arranging a first cable tie at a first fixing position, and fixing the first cable tie at a first fixing column to form an actual stowage module; s8, arranging a second cable tie at the second fixing position, and fixing the second cable tie at the second fixing column. The invention reduces the transportation cost.

Description

Ship section stowage method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ships, in particular to a ship section stowage method.

Background

In the process of ship construction, all the sheet bodies are welded to form ship sections, and then the ship sections are welded and combined to form a ship. Ship segments are usually constructed outsourced due to the different production capacities of the various shipyards. After the ship is built in sections, the ship needs to be transported to a shipyard through a transport ship for combination. When the ship segments are loaded on the transport ship, workers on the loading site mostly stack the ship segments according to the sizes and shapes of the ship segments to determine the specific stacking positions of the ship segments, so that the stacked ship segments exceed the deck of the transport ship easily, the ship segments need to be lifted and adjusted again, potential safety hazards exist, too large gaps among the ship segments are easily caused, the space of the transport ship is wasted, the transport resources are wasted, the transport times are increased, the transport cost is improved, and the space utilization rate is reduced. In addition, contact of the protruding structures of the two ship sections can occur, so that during transportation, the protruding structures are pressed against each other, and the ship sections are deformed.

Based on this, a ship segment stowage method is needed to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a ship section stowage method, which improves the space utilization rate and reduces the transportation cost.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a ship segment stowage method for stowage of a plurality of ship segments on a transport ship, comprising:

s1, selecting a stacking area for stacking a plurality of ship segments on a deck of the transport ship;

s2, drawing a 1:1 three-dimensional model corresponding to the deck of the stacking area and all the ship sections;

s3, setting a preset height, and setting a preset stacking bottom surface according to the stacking area;

s4, pre-loading the three-dimensional model of the ship section on the three-dimensional model of the stacking area according to the preset height and the preset stacking bottom surface to form a pre-loading model;

s5, planning a first fixing position between the adjacent ship sections and a second fixing position between the ship sections and the deck in the stacking area on the pre-loading model;

s6, fixedly arranging a first fixed column on the deck according to the first fixed position, and fixedly arranging a second fixed column on the deck according to the second fixed position;

s7, actually stacking the ship sections in the stacking area according to the pre-stowage model, arranging a first cable tie in the first fixing position, and fixedly connecting the first cable tie to the first fixing column so as to bind and fix the adjacent ship sections to form an actual stowage module;

and S8, arranging a second cable tie at the second fixing position, and fixedly connecting the second cable tie to the second fixing column so as to bind and fix the ship section and the deck.

Preferably, in step S7, the method further includes: s71, channel steel is arranged between the adjacent ship sections, and two ends of the channel steel are respectively welded and fixed with the adjacent ship sections.

Preferably, the channel steel is fixedly connected with the first fixing column.

Preferably, in step S8, the method further includes: and S81, fixing the ship section on the deck by using a steel wire rope.

Preferably, a plurality of first connection rings are circumferentially arranged on the side wall of the ship section, a plurality of second connection rings are arranged on the deck, and one end of the steel wire rope is connected to one of the first connection rings, and the other end of the steel wire rope is connected to one of the second connection rings.

Preferably, the preset height is set according to the water level of a channel through which the transport ship passes and the height of a bridge on the channel, and the height of the actual stowage module does not exceed the preset height.

Preferably, the first cable tie is a steel belt, and a rubber interlayer is arranged between the first cable tie and the ship section.

Preferably, the second cable tie is a steel belt, and a rubber interlayer is arranged between the second cable tie and the ship section.

Preferably, the first fixing column is detachably connected with the deck.

Preferably, the second fixing column is detachably connected with the deck.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: by creating the three-dimensional model of the ship segment and pre-loading, the actual loading condition is simulated before actual loading, the space utilization rate is improved, the transportation times are reduced, the transportation cost is reduced, mutual extrusion of protruding structures of the ship segment is avoided, the problem that the ship segment deforms in the transportation process is avoided, and the maintenance cost is reduced. The ship segment fixing device has the advantages that the ship segment is fixed through the first ribbon, the first ribbon is fixed on the first fixing column on the deck, the ship segment is fixed with the deck through the second ribbon, the second ribbon is fixed on the second fixing column on the deck, the ship segment can be stably fixed on the deck, the ship segment is prevented from falling due to vibration generated by sea waves in the transportation process, and the reliability of fixed connection between the ship segment and a transport ship and between the ship segments is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of main steps of a ship segment stowage method provided by an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating detailed steps of a ship segment stowage method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems solved, technical solutions adopted and technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.

The embodiment provides a ship segment stowage method which is used for stowage of a plurality of ship segments on a transport ship. As shown in fig. 1, the ship segment stowage method includes:

s2, drawing a deck of the stacking area and a 1:1 three-dimensional model corresponding to all ship sections;

s5, a first fixing position between the adjacent ship sections on the pre-loading model and a second fixing position between the planning ship section and a deck in the stacking area;

s7, according to the pre-loading model, actually stacking ship sections in the stacking area, arranging a first cable tie at a first fixing position, and fixedly connecting the first cable tie to a first fixing column so as to bind and fix the adjacent ship sections to form an actual loading module;

By creating the three-dimensional model of the ship segment and pre-loading, the actual loading condition is simulated before actual loading, the space utilization rate is improved, the transportation times are reduced, the transportation cost is reduced, mutual extrusion of protruding structures of the ship segment is avoided, the problem that the ship segment deforms in the transportation process is avoided, and the maintenance cost is reduced. The ship segment fixing device has the advantages that the ship segment is fixed through the first ribbon, the first ribbon is fixed on the first fixing column on the deck, the ship segment is fixed with the deck through the second ribbon, the second ribbon is fixed on the second fixing column on the deck, the ship segment can be stably fixed on the deck, the ship segment is prevented from falling due to vibration generated by sea waves in the transportation process, and the reliability of fixed connection between the ship segment and a transport ship and between the ship segments is improved.

Fig. 2 is a detailed step flow chart of a ship block stowage method, and the ship block stowage method is described in detail below according to fig. 2. The ship subsection stowage method comprises the following steps:

and S1, selecting a stacking area for stacking a plurality of ship segments on the deck of the transport ship.

It can be understood that the stacking area should avoid the pipeline, the valve, the iron outfitting piece and the fairlead pile structure on the deck of the transport ship, and the ship section is prevented from colliding with the structure in the transportation process, so that the ship section is prevented from deforming. In addition, the stacking area is provided with a supporting structure below the deck, so that the deck is prevented from deforming due to the gravity of the ship section.

And S2, drawing a 1:1 three-dimensional model corresponding to the deck of the stacking area and all ship sections.

It will be appreciated that the provision of a three-dimensional model of the vessel section and deck 1:1 facilitates subsequent pre-stowage in accordance with the actual conditions of the vessel section and deck. Furthermore, the weight of each ship section should be noted.

And S3, setting a preset height, and setting a preset stacking bottom according to the stacking area.

Specifically, a preset height is set according to the water level of a channel through which the transport ship passes and the height of a bridge on the channel. In other embodiments, the preset height may also be set according to the load-bearing capacity of the transport vessel, the tidal change of the channel water level, the weather conditions, and the like.

And S4, pre-loading the three-dimensional model of the ship section on the three-dimensional model of the stacking area according to the preset height and the preset stacking bottom surface to form a pre-loading model.

Specifically, the height of the pre-loading model is not more than the preset height, and the projection of any cross section of the pre-loading model on the three-dimensional model of the deck of the stacking area is within the range of the preset bottom surface, so that the actual loading condition can be simulated, and the space utilization rate is improved.

In this embodiment, when the principle that the loading of the ship sections is difficult before the loading of the ship sections is easy and the center of gravity moves down is followed, that is, if all the ship sections can be transported by multiple times of carrying, the ship sections with a complicated structure are pre-loaded, and then the ship sections with a simple structure are pre-loaded. When the three-dimensional model of the ship section is pre-loaded, the gravity center of the pre-loaded model is ensured to be in the middle of the cross section where the gravity center is located and to be in the lower half part of the whole pre-loaded model. At the time of stowage on each transport vessel, the following eight stowage methods should be followed. 1) Light and heavy subsection combined loading: in order to avoid the load of the transport vessel exceeding the nominal load during the pre-loading, the lighter and heavier vessel sections are pre-loaded simultaneously on the same transport vessel. 2) Large and small section combination stowage: the ship section with larger volume and the ship section with smaller volume can be respectively and independently loaded to different positions of the stacking area on the transportation ship. 3) Not high segmentation lamination stowage: and carrying the ship sections which do not exceed the preset ship section height into a stacking area in a layering and pre-loading mode in the vertical direction. 4) Large-line type subsection preferential stowage: when the model for pre-stowage is selected, the large-line ship section is preferably selected, the bending radius is large, and the stacking is stable. 5) Flat and curved section combination loading: the ship sections with smooth outer walls are stacked in a layered mode, and the ship sections with bent outer walls are attached to the ship sections with the same or similar curve shapes when pre-loaded, so that the large space utilization rate is guaranteed. 6) Symmetrical subsection combined stowage: for two ship sections with symmetrical structures, the ship sections are symmetrically placed on the pre-loading model during pre-loading. 7) Flat and straight subsection bottoming and stowage: in order to ensure the stability of the ship sections during actual stacking, the bottom surface of the pre-loading model is also ensured to be a flat surface. 8) Carrying out bottom-weight and top-weight segmented lamination: namely, the weight of the pre-loading model is reduced from bottom to top in sequence. In addition, in order not to influence the building plan of the ship, the ship sections can be selected according to the production requirements of the ship, and the timely supply of the ship sections is guaranteed.

Preferably, in the pre-loading process, a wood cushion layer can be arranged between the ship segments, so that the ship segments are prevented from being deformed due to mutual extrusion, and the increase of shipbuilding cost is avoided.

And S5, planning a first fixing position between the adjacent ship sections and a second fixing position between the ship sections and the deck in the stacking area on the pre-loading model.

It will be appreciated that the first fixing location is provided at the gap between adjacent vessel sections. And the adjacent ship sections may be two or more, which is not limited herein. The second fixed position is arranged on the ship section at the bottom layer of the pre-loading model.

And S6, fixedly arranging a first fixing column on the deck according to the first fixing position, and fixedly arranging a second fixing column on the deck according to the second fixing position.

Specifically, the first fixing column is detachably connected with the deck. When the preset stowage model changes, the first fixing position changes along with the change of the first fixing position, the first fixing column is detachably connected with the deck, and the position between the first fixing column and the deck is convenient to replace according to different first fixing positions. Similarly, can dismantle between second fixed column and the deck and be connected, when predetermineeing the stowage model and change, the second fixed position changes thereupon, can dismantle between second fixed column and the deck and be connected, is convenient for change the position between second fixed column and the deck according to the second fixed position of difference. First fixed column and second fixed column all can adopt stainless steel and fix on the deck through the nut. In some embodiments, the first fixed column and the second fixed column are both connected with the deck in a welding mode, the connection strength is improved, and when the positions of the first fixed column and the second fixed column need to be changed, the first fixed column and the second fixed column can be cut off through a cutting torch.

Preferably, still can set up the steel sheet on the deck of stacking area for bear the weight of boats and ships segmentation, and first fixed column and second fixed column all weld on the steel sheet, and the steel sheet can weld with the deck and be connected. When the first fixing position and the second fixing position need to be changed, the first fixing column and the second fixing column on the steel plate are cut off and welded to other positions on the steel plate. Set up the steel sheet on the deck, avoided having improved the incorruptibility of transport ship because of cutting off the damage that first fixed column and second fixed column caused to the deck, reduced the maintenance cost.

S7, according to the pre-loading model, ship sections are actually stacked in the stacking area, a first binding belt is arranged at a first fixing position and fixedly connected to a first fixing column, and therefore adjacent ship sections are bound and fixed to form an actual loading module.

Specifically, the height of the actual stowage module does not exceed the preset height, and the projection of any cross section of the actual stowage module on the deck is within the range of the preset bottom surface. Set up first ribbon and connect adjacent boats and ships segmentation to fix first ribbon on first fixed column, avoided rocking because of the boats and ships segmentation in the transportation and lead to mutual extrusion between the boats and ships segmentation, lead to the condition that boats and ships segmentation warp.

Preferably, the first cable tie is a steel belt, and a rubber interlayer is arranged between the first cable tie and the ship section. The rubber interlayer is arranged to prevent the steel belt from scratching the ship section. And (3) passing the steel strip through the annular structures of the adjacent ship sections, connecting the steel strip end to end and welding and fixing the steel strip. And then the steel belt is welded and fixed with the first fixing column. The steel belt and the ship section are fixed through welding. In other embodiments, the first cable tie may also be made of a softer material while ensuring the strength and durability of the mechanism.

Preferably, in step S7, the method further includes:

and S71, arranging channel steel between the adjacent ship sections, and welding and fixing two ends of the channel steel with the adjacent ship sections respectively.

And the channel steel is arranged, so that the reliability of fixed connection between ship sections is further improved. Wherein, channel-section steel and first fixed column fixed connection have improved the fixed stability of boats and ships segmentation. Specifically, the side wall of the channel steel is connected with the first fixing column in a welding mode. In other embodiments, the channel steel can be replaced by steel plates.

It can be understood that the ship segments are fixed with the deck, so that the ship segments are prevented from moving on the deck in the transportation process, the safety in transportation is improved, the ship segments are prevented from being extruded mutually, and the shipbuilding cost is prevented from being increased due to deformation of the ship segments.

Preferably, the second cable tie is a steel belt, and a rubber interlayer is arranged between the second cable tie and the ship section. The rubber interlayer is arranged to prevent the steel belt from scratching the ship section. The ship section is usually provided with an annular structure, and a steel belt penetrates through the annular structure of the ship section, is connected end to end and is welded and fixed. And then the steel belt is welded and fixed with the second fixing column. The steel belt and the ship section are also fixed by welding. In other embodiments, the second strap may also be made of a softer material while ensuring the strength and durability of the mechanism. Set up second ribbon and first ribbon, guaranteed jointly that can be stable with the boats and ships segmentation fixed on the deck, avoided boats and ships segmentation extrusion to cause to warp, avoided shipbuilding cost to rise.

Preferably, in step S8, the method further includes:

and S81, fixing the ship section on the deck by using a steel wire rope.

In this embodiment, a plurality of first connection rings are circumferentially arranged on the side wall of the ship section, a plurality of second connection rings are arranged on the deck, and one end of the steel wire rope is connected to one of the first connection rings and the other end of the steel wire rope is connected to one of the second connection rings. The ship block is provided with the first connecting rings, so that the ship block is prevented from vibrating in the transportation process, the defects of deformation of the ship block and the like are overcome, the first connecting rings are arranged on the ship block, and the steel wire rope is arranged between the first connecting rings and the second connecting rings, so that the service length of the steel wire rope is shortened, and the weight borne by a transport ship is reduced. In other embodiments, a plurality of steel cables may be placed on the ship section, and both ends of each steel cable may be fixed to two second connecting rings arranged on the deck at both sides of the ship section, so that the ship section is fixed to the deck in the stacking area.

After step S8, it further includes checking the actual stowage module. The firmness of the connection between the ship sections and the deck are specifically checked.

It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ship section stowage method for stowage of a plurality of ship sections on a transport ship, comprising:

2. The ship block stowage method according to claim 1, wherein the step S7 further includes: s71, channel steel is arranged between the adjacent ship sections, and two ends of the channel steel are respectively welded and fixed with the adjacent ship sections.

3. The ship section stowage method according to claim 2, wherein the channel steel is fixedly connected with the first fixing column.

4. The ship block stowage method according to claim 1, wherein the step S8 further includes: and S81, fixing the ship section on the deck by using a steel wire rope.

5. The vessel segment stowage method according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of first connection rings are circumferentially provided on a side wall of the vessel segment, a plurality of second connection rings are provided on the deck, and one end of the wire rope is connected to one of the first connection rings and the other end is connected to one of the second connection rings.

6. The ship block stowage method according to claim 1, wherein the preset height is set according to a channel water level through which the transport ship passes and a bridge height on the channel, and a height of the actual stowage module does not exceed the preset height.

7. The vessel segment stowage method according to claim 1, wherein the first tie strap is a steel strap, and a rubber interlayer is provided between the first tie strap and the vessel segment.

8. The vessel segment stowage method according to claim 1, wherein the second tie strap is a steel belt, and a rubber interlayer is provided between the second tie strap and the vessel segment.

9. The vessel segment stowage method according to claim 1 wherein said first securing column is removably connected to said deck.

10. The vessel segment stowage method according to claim 1 wherein said second securing column is removably connected to said deck.