Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the device and the method for integrally and continuously and gradually forming the plate-shaped surface, which can meet the processing requirement of integrally forming the whole roll of plate material by the continuous surface under the condition of one-time clamping of a large plate material, improve the processing precision of products and save the labor cost and the time cost. The device and the method can greatly improve the working efficiency and enable the application range of the incremental forming technology to be wider.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a sheet form integral continuous incremental forming apparatus comprising:
a frame;
the rolling device comprises an inlet roller and an outlet roller, wherein the inlet roller is arranged at the inlet end of the rack, and the outlet roller is arranged at the outlet end of the rack;
the driving device drives the inlet roller and the outlet roller to rotate;
the guide device is arranged on the rack and used for guiding the plate;
the clamping device comprises two fixing frames, and the two fixing frames clamp the plate;
and the transverse adjusting device drives the two fixed frames to move, and the moving direction of the fixed frames is vertical to that of the plates.
Furthermore, the guide device consists of a guide wheel, the guide wheel is arranged on the frame through a bearing and is mainly used for controlling the normal positioning of the plate in the moving process; the rolling devices are respectively positioned at the inlet and the outlet of the forming area of the frame and are mainly used for conveying the plates to keep the plates in an upright state so as to be convenient for the plates to smoothly enter and exit the working area; meanwhile, the surface of the inlet roller can be provided with patterns for rolling the patterns on the surface of the plate, and the inlet roller can be replaced to realize rolling with different patterns, so that the integral processing of macroscopic geometry and surface texture is realized; a clamping device: in the process of processing and forming, the plate is subjected to large and complex forming force, and the clamping device can provide good support and reliable clamping; the transverse adjusting device comprises: the device consists of a lead screw and a lead screw motor connected with the lead screw. Wherein the guide device and the rolling device jointly control the movement of the workpiece.
Furthermore, the roller of the rolling device is provided with patterns or micro textures, so that the integral processing of the macroscopic geometry and the surface texture of the plate is realized.
In a second aspect, the invention also provides a use method of the continuous incremental forming device for the sheet material, which comprises the following steps:
installing the three-dimensional continuous incremental forming device on a numerical control machine tool;
reliably fixing the coiled material at the inlet of the machine and adjusting the height;
inserting the end part of the single-layer plate between two inlet rollers, feeding the upper edge and the lower edge into a guide groove of a guide wheel, penetrating through a processing area, and inserting the other end into the middle of an outlet roller to enable the rollers to clamp the plate;
starting the incremental forming system, and waiting for each parameter to be stable and at a normal value;
adjusting the forming cutter head to be arranged at an initial position;
the rolling device and the guide wheel move together to send the plate into a processing area;
the plate stops moving along with the rolling device, and the fixer firmly clamps the plate;
the cutter head starts to work, and the plate is processed according to a preset route of a computer;
after the processing is finished, the cutter head automatically returns to the initial position, and the inlet roller, the outlet roller and the guide wheel move together to convey the plate to the outlet.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. when the continuous incremental forming machine is used for processing large plates, the forming cutter head and the rolling device are controlled by the computer to be matched with each other, and the continuous incremental forming processing of the subsequent plates can be realized only by manually clamping once, so that the processing efficiency is obviously improved.
2. The required patterns or micro-textures can be rolled on the plate by the rolling device so as to realize the integral processing of macroscopic geometric shapes and surface textures, and the fatigue resistance of the material can be improved by introducing residual compressive stress through rolling;
3. the guide wheel can reduce friction in the plate transportation process, improve transportation efficiency and reduce cost; the guide wheel is provided with the positioning groove, so that the normal position of the plate can be positioned, the plate is positioned at the correct position when the cutter is used for machining, and the plate can be prevented from sliding off the rack in the process of moving the plate.
4. The invention realizes the integrated work of automatic feeding, automatic fixing and automatic discharging, avoids the complex processes of manual feeding and fixing when the traditional three-dimensional incremental forming is used for processing the coiled sheet material, and greatly reduces the investment of manpower and time cost.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and/or "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof;
for convenience of description, the terms "top," "bottom," and words of the application, if any, are used merely to indicate correspondence with the top and bottom directions of the drawings themselves, and not to limit the structure, but merely to facilitate describing the invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be considered limiting of the application.
Term interpretation section: the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like in this application are to be construed broadly. For example, the connection can be fixed, detachable or integrated; they may be mechanically or electrically coupled, directly or indirectly through intervening media, or be interconnected between two elements or be in an interactive relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.
As described in the background art, the prior art cannot process large plates at one time, and repeated disassembly and clamping inevitably leads to reduction of working efficiency and extension of working time. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a continuous incremental forming device and method for a shape-surface integrated plate.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the embodiment of the invention discloses a continuous incremental forming device for a shape and surface integrated plate, which mainly comprises the following parts:
the frame provides a basic support for the whole device;
the rolling device comprises an inlet roller and an outlet roller, wherein the inlet roller is arranged at the inlet end of the rack, and the outlet roller is arranged at the outlet end of the rack and is mainly used for conveying the plate to keep the plate in an upright state so as to be convenient for the plate to smoothly enter and exit the working area; meanwhile, the surface of the replaceable inlet roller can be provided with patterns for rolling the patterns on the surface of the plate, so that the integrated processing of macroscopic geometry and surface texture is realized;
the driving device drives the inlet roller and the outlet roller to rotate;
the guide device is arranged on the rack and used for guiding the plates, and mainly comprises guide wheels, wherein the guide wheels are arranged on the rack through bearings and are mainly used for controlling the normal positioning of the plates in the moving process;
the clamping device comprises two fixing frames, and the two fixing frames clamp the plate; in the process of processing and forming, the plate is subjected to large and complex forming force, and the clamping device can provide good support and reliable clamping;
and the transverse adjusting device drives the two fixed frames to move, and the moving direction of the fixed frames is vertical to that of the plates. The device consists of a lead screw and a lead screw motor connected with the lead screw. Wherein the guide device and the rolling device jointly control the movement of the workpiece.
The above structure is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the frame 6 in this embodiment is a rectangular frame structure, as shown in fig. 1, which is a vertically and horizontally symmetrical structure, and has a groove in the center position of the bottom of the top plate and the top of the bottom plate along the moving direction of the plate, and the inlet roller 2, the outlet roller 4, and a fixing frame, which will be described later, are located on both sides of the groove.
The rolling device in the present embodiment includes an inlet roller 2 and an outlet roller 4; the inlet roller 2 and the outlet roller 4 are positioned at the inlet and outlet positions of the frame 6, the power for moving the plate is mainly provided by a rolling device, the inlet roller vertically transports the plate to a processing position, and the outlet roller 2 transports the processed plate out of the device. Furthermore, in order to facilitate the disassembly and assembly, the inlet roller 2 and the outlet roller 4 are fixed with a power output end through a coupler, and the power output end is connected with the rack through a shaft and a bearing. The power of the rolling device is provided by a roller motor 8, and the roller motor 8 rotates to drive the inlet roller 2 and the outlet roller 4 to rotate. Further, in industrial production, a micro texture or a pattern needs to be rolled on a plate, so that the inlet roller 2 is provided with a rolling pattern; at the outlet, the formed sheet has a certain microtexture or pattern so that the outlet rollers 4 only contact the edge portions of the sheet 1 so as not to affect the surface of the formed sheet 1. The roller motor 8 is given corresponding instructions by the numerical control machine through the program logic preset by the computer.
Further, the inlet rollers 2 comprise two inlet rollers which are symmetrically arranged on the frame, the roller motor 8 drives the two inlet rollers 2 to rotate reversely, two ends of the inlet rollers 2 are fixed on the frame 6 through bearings, and the middle parts of the inlet rollers are working surfaces for rolling plates.
Further, the outlet rollers 4 comprise four, two are arranged above the frame, two are symmetrically arranged below the frame, the outlet rollers 4 and the inlet rollers 2 are different in shape, and the outlet rollers 4 only process the edge part of the plate, so that the outlet rollers 4 are of a short cylindrical structure. It should be noted that the four exit rollers 4 of the present embodiment may be driven to rotate by the roller motor 8 through a transmission device, or may be driven to rotate by a separate driving device.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, guide wheels 5 are installed at upper and lower portions of the frame. The inlet rollers 2 and the outlet rollers 4 feed the sheet to be processed into the processing zone, following the movement of the guide wheels 5. The guide groove 10 is arranged on the outer circle surface of the guide wheel 5 and used for positioning the plate in the normal direction, and the plate is prevented from sliding off the rack in the moving process, so that the subsequent fixing and forming processes cannot be normally carried out. It should be further noted that the number of the guide wheels 5 in this embodiment may be set according to actual needs, and the guide wheels may be disposed in a vertically corresponding manner or may be disposed in a vertically staggered manner. When the plate forming machine works, the guide wheels roll along with the movement of the plates, and the guide wheels not only provide supporting force in the vertical direction of the plates, but also can reduce the friction between the guide wheels and the plates so as to ensure the forming precision of the plates.
Further, in the present embodiment, the holder 7 is used for fixing the sheet material 1 during the forming process. Since the sheet 1 is subjected to a large forming normal force during processing, which may affect the processing accuracy and forming accuracy, a holder 7 for fixing the sheet during processing is mounted on the frame. Because the fixer 7 needs to move and provides large force, a lead screw 11 is arranged on the fixer 7, is arranged on the rack and is driven by a lead screw motor 3; specifically, fixer 7 includes two fixed frames, and one of them top of fixed frame sets up a lead screw, and the bottom of another fixed frame sets up a lead screw, and two lead screws are by two motor drive respectively, can drive two fixed frame relative motion or opposite movement through two motors.
In the initial state, the two fixed frames of the holder 7 are located on both sides of the frame, and the inlet roller 2, the outlet roller 4 and the guide wheel 5 are fed together. After the plate enters the working area, the screw motor 3 controls the screw 11 to rotate so that the two fixing frames of the fixer 7 move towards the middle, and therefore the plate 1 to be processed is fixed. The lead screws for controlling the two fixed frames rotate in opposite directions, so that the two fixed frames can move symmetrically only by installing a motor at one end of the lead screw. Because the screw mechanism has good self-locking performance and reliable work, after the plate 1 is clamped, the screw motor 3 only needs to provide smaller torque to ensure that the fixer is not loosened.
Further, after the machining is finished, the screw motor 3 drives the screw 11 to control the two fixing frames of the fixer 7 to move towards the two sides of the rack. Since the plate 1 has a certain thickness after being formed, the two fixing frames need to have a sufficient distance to allow the plate 1 to pass through smoothly after being moved to both sides. The inlet roller 2, the outlet roller 4 and the guide wheel 5 then together feed the formed sheet 1 to the outlet.
It should be further noted that the screw motor 3 and the roller motor 8 in this embodiment are both servo motors.
Further, the invention also provides an example of a progressive forming processing technology, and the processing and repairing process of the device is further explained as follows:
the method for processing the plate by using the continuous flexible incremental forming processing device of the plate comprises the following steps:
1. the three-dimensional continuous incremental forming device is arranged on a numerical control machine tool,
and checking whether the coupling is firmly connected;
2. reliably fixing the coiled material at the inlet of the machine and adjusting the height;
3. inserting the end part of the single-layer plate into the middle of the inlet roller, feeding the upper edge and the lower edge into a guide groove of a guide wheel, penetrating through a processing area, and inserting the other end into the middle of the outlet roller to enable the rollers to clamp the plate;
4. starting the incremental forming system, and waiting for each parameter to be stable and at a normal value;
5. adjusting the forming cutter head to be arranged at an initial position;
7. the rolling device and the guide wheel move together to send the plate into a processing area;
7. the plate stops moving along with the rolling device, and the fixer firmly clamps the plate;
8. the cutter head starts to work, and the plate is processed according to a preset route of a computer;
9. after the processing is finished, the cutter head automatically returns to the initial position, and the inlet roller, the outlet roller and the guide wheel move together to convey the plate to the outlet;
10. the subsequent work is analogized. And (5) taking down the plate after the machining is finished, and shutting down the equipment.
When a large plate is machined, the continuous incremental forming machining of the subsequent plate can be realized only by manually clamping once by matching with the existing machine tool and controlling the forming tool bit and the rolling device to be matched with each other through the computer, so that the machining efficiency is obviously improved. The required patterns can be rolled on the plate by the rolling device so as to realize the integral processing of macroscopic geometric shapes and surface textures, and the fatigue resistance of the material can be improved by introducing residual compressive stress through rolling; the invention realizes the integrated work of automatic feeding, automatic fixing and automatic discharging, avoids the complex processes of manual feeding and fixing when the traditional three-dimensional incremental forming is used for processing the coiled sheet material, and greatly reduces the investment of manpower and time cost; or can be cooperated with other equipment on the production line to form a fully automatic integrated processing line.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.