CN112959060A - Engine balance shaft assembling device - Google Patents
Engine balance shaft assembling device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112959060A CN112959060A CN202110284550.0A CN202110284550A CN112959060A CN 112959060 A CN112959060 A CN 112959060A CN 202110284550 A CN202110284550 A CN 202110284550A CN 112959060 A CN112959060 A CN 112959060A
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- balance shaft
- positioning
- gear
- positioning tool
- tool
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P21/00—Machines for assembling a multiplicity of different parts to compose units, with or without preceding or subsequent working of such parts, e.g. with programme control
- B23P21/004—Machines for assembling a multiplicity of different parts to compose units, with or without preceding or subsequent working of such parts, e.g. with programme control the units passing two or more work-stations whilst being composed
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Abstract
The utility model provides an engine balance shaft assembly quality, which comprises a vertical frame, be provided with frock removal subassembly in the vertical frame, be provided with down bearing location frock on the frock removal subassembly, helical gear location frock, scissors gear location frock, the top of vertical frame is provided with the electron press, the below of electron press is provided with pressure head subassembly and balance shaft location frock along longitudinal movable, frock removal subassembly will be down bearing location frock along the horizontal direction, helical gear location frock, scissors gear location frock removes the below to balance shaft location frock respectively, the below of balance shaft location frock is provided with top locating component down. The device assembly equipment has the advantages of simple structure and easy maintenance, has the functions of automatic alignment of the balance shaft, error prevention of bearing and gear placement, automatic fine positioning of the bevel gear, adjustable gear assembly angle and the like, can accurately position the balance shaft, the bevel gear and the scissors gear in the balance shaft fixture, and can adjust the assembly angle of the gear in the positioning fixture according to product batches.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an assembly device and an assembly method for an engine balance shaft.
Background
Among the entire NVH (Noise, Vibration, Harshness) parameters of the vehicle, Vibration is undoubtedly the most critical and most widely-affected element, and not only is one of the sources of Noise, but also is the main culprit of high oil consumption, and is an important factor affecting riding comfort. Therefore, how to control the vibration, especially the vibration of the engine, becomes the most serious problem in the NVH aspect of the whole vehicle, and is also a problem to be solved urgently. The common plane arrangement crankshaft mode of the internal combustion engine causes violent vibration and even resonance to be caused by exciting force and exciting torque which change periodically in the engine. Practice proves that the effect of balancing the first-order reciprocating force, the first-order reciprocating inertia moment and the second-order reciprocating inertia moment can be achieved by arranging the balance shaft on the crank of the engine crankshaft or adding the balance block. If the balance shaft is arranged in the engine, the action of second-order reciprocating inertia force can be completely eliminated on the basis of a common balance mechanism, and the generation of vibration is greatly inhibited.
Referring to fig. 1, the balance shaft assembly generally comprises a balance shaft body 11, an upper bearing 12, a lower bearing 13, a bevel gear 14 and a scissors gear 15 which are assembled and combined into a whole, and the unbalance amount of the balance shaft itself determines the important significance of the balance shaft process design on the NVH of the whole vehicle. Because the balance shaft plays a very critical role in the engine, automobile manufacturers have very high requirements on the dimensional accuracy and the installation angle of the balance shaft, parts are required to be clean and free of rust, and the unbalance amount of each balance shaft must meet the requirements. The processing of the balance shaft is carried out in large batch, the processing technology of the balance shaft is quite complex, the mounting angle control and the pressure assembly process in the processing of the balance shaft are difficult points in the processing process of the balance shaft, the assembly precision of the balance shaft and the helical gear directly influences the balance effect of the balance shaft, and the unbalanced gravity center position of the balance shaft and the starting point position of the helical angle of the helical gear must reach the required precision of engineering design. The balance shaft device transmits rotation from a crankshaft gear provided on a crankshaft to the balance shaft via a driven gear, and the crankshaft and the balance module are usually supported on a separate mechanism, so that there is a problem that an error is easily generated in a supported position, and a backlash can be effectively absorbed by using a scissors gear as the driven gear in the balance module, thereby reducing tooth hitting shock. The conventional balance shaft assembly mainly adopts the assembly of a single product, the assembly equipment is complex, the maintenance is difficult, the manufacturing cost is high, the main gear of the scissors cannot be directly positioned, the assembly angle of the gear in the positioning clamp cannot be adjusted according to the product batch, and the clamping strength of the balance shaft body in the balance shaft clamp is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a simple and economical balance shaft assembling device which is compatible with various products.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides an engine balance shaft assembling device which comprises a vertical rack, wherein a tool moving assembly is arranged on the vertical rack, a lower bearing positioning tool, a helical gear positioning tool and a shear gear positioning tool are arranged on the tool moving assembly, an electronic press is arranged above the vertical rack, an upper press head assembly and a balance shaft positioning tool are longitudinally and movably arranged below the electronic press, the lower bearing positioning tool, the helical gear positioning tool and the shear gear positioning tool are respectively moved to the position below the balance shaft positioning tool by the tool moving assembly along the horizontal direction, and a lower tip positioning assembly is arranged below the balance shaft positioning tool.
Preferably, the balance shaft positioning tool comprises a supporting cylinder, a ball plunger is arranged at the output end of the supporting cylinder, a floating press block is connected to the ball plunger, the supporting cylinder admits air to enable the ball plunger to extend out, and when the floating press block abuts against the side of a balance block of the balance shaft, the supporting cylinder locks the position of the ball plunger to ensure the press-mounting angle of the balance shaft.
Preferably, the balance shaft positioning tool is obliquely arranged to ensure that the floating pressing block is always in elastic contact with the end face of the balance block of the balance shaft.
Preferably, the lower center positioning assembly comprises a lower center cylinder arranged along the longitudinal direction, a lower center connected to the lower center cylinder, a bolt cylinder arranged along the transverse direction, and a bolt member connected to the bolt cylinder, wherein when the lower center cylinder extends out, the bolt cylinder extends out, and the bolt member transversely locks the lower center.
Preferably, the upper pressure head assembly comprises a sliding block, a pressure head, a positioning rod and an upper tip, an upper bearing is sleeved on the positioning rod, the pressure head is provided with a swing rod mechanism to detect the front and the back of a distinguishing bearing, and the exterior of the positioning rod is provided with a correlation optical fiber to distinguish the model of the bearing.
Preferably, the lower bearing positioning tool, the helical gear positioning tool and the scissors gear positioning tool respectively comprise a base and a positioning disc arranged on the base, wherein a positioning groove is formed in the middle of the positioning disc, and a lower bearing, a helical gear and a scissors gear are correspondingly arranged in the positioning groove.
Preferably, the lower bearing positioning tool is provided with a laser reflection sensor for detecting whether the workpiece exists or not.
Preferably, the edge of the positioning groove of the helical gear positioning tool is provided with a mistake proofing block, and the tooth space direction of the helical gear is the same as the direction of the mistake proofing block.
Preferably, the locating grooves of the bevel gear locating tool and the scissors gear locating tool are internally provided with a yielding hole, the locking pins on the bevel gear and the scissors gear are roughly located through angles of the yielding hole, and the edge of the locating groove is provided with a tip inserted into the tooth grooves of the bevel gear and the scissors gear for fine location.
Preferably, the scissors gear positioning tool comprises a positioning seat, a fixed disc arranged on the positioning seat and a positioning disc rotatably arranged on the fixed disc, a driving disc is arranged between the fixed disc and the positioning disc, a plurality of reducing driving grooves are formed in the driving disc, apexes are movably arranged in each driving groove, the driving disc is provided with a positioning driving arm and an unlocking driving arm, a positioning cylinder, an unlocking cylinder and an image detection unit are arranged on the vertical rack, the image detection unit identifies the accurate angle of the gear, the unlocking cylinder drives the driving disc to rotate so that the apexes move out of tooth grooves, and the scissors gear is separated from the positioning groove and assembled with the balance shaft.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the assembly equipment of the balance shaft assembly device is simple in structure and easy to maintain, has the functions of automatic alignment of the balance shaft, error prevention of bearing and gear placement, automatic fine positioning of the bevel gear, adjustable gear assembly angle and the like, and can accurately position the balance shaft, the bevel gear and the scissors teeth in the balance shaft clamp, so that the complete balance shaft assembly is assembled at an accurate balance shaft assembly angle, the assembly angle of the gear in the positioning clamp can be adjusted according to product batches, and the clamping strength of the balance shaft body in the balance shaft clamp is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a balance shaft assembly;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an engine balance shaft assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a lower tip positioning assembly of the engine balance shaft assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a balance shaft positioning tool of the engine balance shaft assembling device according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a balance shaft positioning tool of the engine balance shaft assembling device according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an upper ram assembly of the engine balance shaft assembly in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a lower bearing positioning tool of the engine balance shaft assembling device according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a bevel gear positioning tool of the engine balance shaft assembling device according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a scissors gear positioning tooling of the engine balance shaft assembly apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a scissors gear positioning tooling of the engine balance shaft assembly apparatus according to the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a scissors gear positioning tool of the engine balance shaft assembling device according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will make the advantages and features of the invention easier to understand by those skilled in the art, and thus will clearly and clearly define the scope of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the engine balance shaft assembling device according to the present invention, the engine balance shaft assembling device in this embodiment includes a vertical frame 1, a tool moving assembly 2 is disposed on the vertical frame 1, a lower bearing positioning tool 3, a helical gear positioning tool 4, and a scissor gear positioning tool 5 are disposed on the tool moving assembly 2, an electronic press 6 is disposed above the vertical frame 1, an upper press head assembly 7 and a balance shaft positioning tool 8 are longitudinally movably disposed below the electronic press 6, and a lower center positioning assembly 9 is disposed below the balance shaft positioning tool 8. The tool moving assembly 2 moves the lower bearing positioning tool 3, the helical gear positioning tool 4 and the scissors gear positioning tool 5 to the lower part of the balance shaft positioning tool 8 respectively along the horizontal direction, the tool moving assembly 2 is driven by a servo electric cylinder, and the distance of each movement of the electric cylinder is equal to the distance between the electric cylinder and the tool positioning center.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a lower center positioning assembly of the engine balance shaft assembling device according to the present invention, wherein the lower center positioning assembly 9 includes a lower center cylinder 16 arranged along a longitudinal direction, a lower center 17 connected to the lower center cylinder 16, a latch cylinder 18 arranged along a transverse direction, and a latch member 19 connected to the latch cylinder 18, and when the lower center cylinder 16 is extended, the latch cylinder 18 is extended, and the latch member 19 locks the lower center 17 in the transverse direction.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a balance shaft positioning tool of the engine balance shaft assembling device according to the present invention, wherein the balance shaft positioning tool 8 uses an elastically adjustable support end surface and uses a support cylinder 10 to lock an end surface angle of a balance shaft body 11. The balance shaft positioning tool 8 comprises a supporting cylinder 10, a ball plunger 16 is arranged at the output end of the supporting cylinder 10, a floating press block 17 is connected onto the ball plunger 16, and the ball plunger 16 is used for compensating the size tolerance of a workpiece and assisting in correcting the posture of the balance shaft. In the press mounting process, two ends of the balance shaft body 11 are firstly clamped and positioned by the upper tip and the lower tip, the support cylinder 10 is used for air inlet to enable the ball plunger 16 to extend out, the floating press block 17 is driven to be fully contacted and abutted against the side of the balance block of the balance shaft body 11, and the support cylinder 10 is continuously ventilated at the moment so as to lock the position of the ball plunger 16 to ensure the press mounting angle of the balance shaft. The balance shaft positioning tool 8 adopts a machine body inclined by 15 degrees, and when the balance bearing is placed in the balance shaft positioning tool 8, the end face of the balance block is always in contact with the elastic support.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a balance shaft positioning tool of an engine balance shaft assembly device according to the present invention, in which a support cylinder 10 includes a support body 18 and a ball plunger 16, the ball plunger 16 descends in an unventilated state, the ball plunger 16 ascends after supplying air pressure, and stops (at any position) after contacting with a workpiece, and a load borne by the workpiece is only a plunger spring force; after the pressure rise is completed, the small piston 19 near the intake port reaches the rising end, and then air flows into the outer periphery of the collet 20, and the collet 20 grips the ball plunger 16 by the interaction of the internal components, and does not fall even when the ball plunger 16 is pressed down.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an upper ram assembly of the engine balance shaft assembly in accordance with the present invention; go up pressure head subassembly 7 and include slider 21, pressure head 22, locating lever 23, go up apex 24, the cover is equipped with upper bearing 12 on the locating lever 23, because of the bearing holder is different to the distance of positive and negative terminal surface, it surveys the distance of holder apart from the terminal surface and measures and distinguishes bearing positive and negative to be provided with pendulum rod mechanism 25 on the pressure head 22, pendulum rod mechanism utilizes the enlarged principle of pendulum rod, enlarge into great distance difference with less distance difference, finally use proximity switch to detect, in addition, the outside of locating lever 23 is provided with correlation optic fibre 26 and distinguishes the bearing model.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a lower bearing positioning tool of an engine balance shaft assembling device according to the present invention, fig. 8 is a schematic view of a helical gear positioning tool of an engine balance shaft assembling device according to the present invention, and fig. 9 is a schematic view of a scissors gear positioning tool of an engine balance shaft assembling device according to the present invention. The lower bearing positioning tool 3, the helical gear positioning tool 4 and the scissors gear positioning tool 5 respectively comprise a base 27 and a positioning disc 28 arranged on the base 27, a positioning groove 29 is formed in the middle of the positioning disc 28, and a lower bearing 13, a helical gear 14 and a scissors gear 15 are correspondingly arranged in the positioning groove 29.
As shown in fig. 7, the lower bearing positioning tool 3 is provided with a laser reflection sensor 30 for detecting whether a workpiece exists or not.
As shown in fig. 8, the edge of the positioning groove 29 of the helical gear positioning tool 4 is provided with an error-proofing block 31, and the tooth-groove direction of the helical gear 14 is the same as the direction of the error-proofing block 31. In order to accurately position the press-fitting angle between the helical gear 14 and the balance shaft body 11, the edge of the positioning groove 29 is provided with a tip 32 inserted into the tooth groove of the helical gear 14.
As shown in fig. 9, a relief hole 33 is formed in the positioning groove 29 of the scissors gear positioning tool 5, and the locking pin 34 on the scissors gear 15 is angularly and roughly positioned through the relief hole 33.
Fig. 10 is a sectional view of a scissors gear positioning tool of an engine balance shaft assembling device according to the present invention, and fig. 11 is a schematic view of the scissors gear positioning tool of the engine balance shaft assembling device according to the present invention. The scissors gear positioning tool 5 comprises a positioning seat 27, a fixed disc 35 arranged on the positioning seat 27, and a positioning disc 28 rotatably arranged on the fixed disc 35, wherein a driving disc 36 is arranged between the fixed disc 35 and the positioning disc 28, a plurality of reducing driving grooves 37 are arranged on the driving disc 36, a tip 32 is movably arranged in each driving groove 37, the driving disc 36 is provided with a positioning driving arm 38 and an unlocking driving arm 39, a positioning cylinder 40, an unlocking cylinder 41 and an image detection unit 42 are arranged on the vertical machine frame 1, the image detection unit 42 identifies the position of a gear mark point so as to determine the accurate angle of the gear, the structure uses the positioning air cylinder 40 to drive the positioning driving arm 38 to rotate, converts the rotation into the clamping action of the four positioning centers 32, and after the press fitting is finished, the unlocking cylinder 41 can drive the unlocking, and finally the scissors gear can be freely separated from the tool to be assembled with the balance shaft body 11.
The following is the operation flow of the device: placing a bearing gear, a balance shaft and a bearing on a tool by manually scanning a code workpiece, and starting a button; the sensor detects whether the workpiece is in place or not; the lower center extends out, and then the bolt cylinder extends out; then the electronic press descends until the upper tip and the lower tip contact the workpiece; the support cylinder is ventilated and extends out; the electronic press continues to lower the pressure and install a bearing (pressure return); the electronic press retracts to the lower center to separate from the workpiece; the bolt cylinder retracts; the electronic press continues to lower the pressure and mount the lower bearing (pressure return); the electronic press retracts to the lower center to separate from the workpiece; retracting the lower center, and then horizontally moving the electric cylinder to move the switching tool; the lower center extends out, and then the electronic press descends to press and mount the bevel gear; the electronic press retracts to the lower center to separate from the workpiece; retracting the lower center, and then horizontally moving the electric cylinder to move the switching tool; the positioning cylinder extends in place, and the lower center extends out; the positioning cylinder retracts, and the electronic press descends to press and mount the scissors teeth (pressure return); the electronic compressor retracts to the original position, and the supporting cylinder is cut off and retracts; the unlocking cylinder extends and retracts; retracting the lower center; horizontally moving the electric cylinder switching tool to return to the original position; and (5) manual blanking. The assembling equipment for the balance shaft assembling device has the advantages of simple structure and easiness in maintenance, has the functions of automatic alignment of the balance shaft, error proofing of placement of the bearing and the gear, automatic fine positioning of the bevel gear, adjustability of the assembling angle of the gear and the like, and can accurately position the balance shaft, the bevel gear and the scissors teeth in the balance shaft fixture, so that the complete balance shaft assembly is assembled at the accurate assembling angle of the balance shaft, the assembling angle of the gear in the positioning fixture can be adjusted according to the product batch, and the clamping strength of the balance shaft body in the balance shaft fixture is high.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an engine balance shaft assembly quality which characterized in that: the vertical type gear positioning device comprises a vertical type rack, wherein a tool moving assembly is arranged on the vertical type rack, a lower bearing positioning tool, a bevel gear positioning tool and a shear gear positioning tool are arranged on the tool moving assembly, an electronic press is arranged above the vertical type rack, an upper pressure head assembly and a balance shaft positioning tool are arranged below the electronic press along the longitudinal direction in a movable mode, the tool moving assembly moves the lower bearing positioning tool, the bevel gear positioning tool and the shear gear positioning tool to the lower side of the balance shaft positioning tool along the horizontal direction, and a lower tip positioning assembly is arranged below the balance shaft positioning tool.
2. The engine balance shaft assembling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the balance shaft positioning tool comprises a supporting cylinder, a ball plunger is arranged at the output end of the supporting cylinder, a floating press block is connected onto the ball plunger, the supporting cylinder is used for air intake so that the ball plunger extends out, and when the floating press block is tightly abutted against the side of a balance block of the balance shaft, the position of the ball plunger is locked by the supporting cylinder so as to ensure the press-mounting angle of the balance shaft.
3. The engine balance shaft assembling apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the balance shaft positioning tool is obliquely arranged to ensure that the floating pressing block is always in elastic contact with the end face of the balance block of the balance shaft.
4. The engine balance shaft assembling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the lower center positioning assembly comprises a lower center cylinder arranged along the longitudinal direction, a lower center connected with the lower center cylinder, a bolt cylinder arranged along the transverse direction and a bolt piece connected with the bolt cylinder, wherein when the lower center cylinder extends out, the bolt cylinder extends out, and the bolt piece transversely locks the lower center.
5. The engine balance shaft assembling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the upper pressure head assembly comprises a sliding block, a pressure head, a positioning rod and an upper tip, an upper bearing is sleeved on the positioning rod, the pressure head is provided with a swing rod mechanism to detect the front and back of a distinguishing bearing, and the exterior of the positioning rod is provided with a correlation optical fiber to distinguish the type of the bearing.
6. The engine balance shaft assembling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the lower bearing positioning tool, the helical gear positioning tool and the scissors gear positioning tool respectively comprise a base and a positioning disc arranged on the base, wherein a positioning groove is formed in the middle of the positioning disc, and a lower bearing, a helical gear and a scissors gear are correspondingly arranged in the positioning groove.
7. The engine balance shaft assembling apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: the lower bearing positioning tool is provided with a laser reflection sensor for detecting whether a workpiece exists or not.
8. The engine balance shaft assembling apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: the edge of the positioning groove of the helical gear positioning tool is provided with an anti-error block, and the tooth space direction of the helical gear is the same as the direction of the anti-error block.
9. The engine balance shaft assembling apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: the positioning grooves of the helical gear positioning tool and the scissors gear positioning tool are internally provided with a abdicating hole, the locking pins on the helical gear and the scissors gear are roughly positioned through abdicating hole angles, and the edge of the positioning groove is provided with a tip inserted into the tooth grooves of the helical gear and the scissors gear for fine positioning.
10. The engine balance shaft assembling apparatus according to claim 9, wherein: the scissors gear positioning tool comprises a positioning seat, a fixed disc arranged on the positioning seat and a positioning disc rotatably arranged on the fixed disc, a driving disc is arranged between the fixed disc and the positioning disc, a plurality of reducing driving grooves are formed in the driving disc, apexes are movably arranged in each driving groove, the driving disc is provided with a positioning driving arm and an unlocking driving arm, a positioning cylinder, an unlocking cylinder and an image detection unit are arranged on the vertical rack, the image detection unit identifies the accurate angle of a gear, the unlocking cylinder drives the driving disc to rotate so that the apexes move out of tooth grooves, and a scissors gear is separated from the positioning groove and assembled with a balance shaft.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110284550.0A CN112959060A (en) | 2021-03-17 | 2021-03-17 | Engine balance shaft assembling device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110284550.0A CN112959060A (en) | 2021-03-17 | 2021-03-17 | Engine balance shaft assembling device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112959060A true CN112959060A (en) | 2021-06-15 |
Family
ID=76279586
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110284550.0A Withdrawn CN112959060A (en) | 2021-03-17 | 2021-03-17 | Engine balance shaft assembling device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112959060A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114559251A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-05-31 | 重庆工程职业技术学院 | Balance shaft dismounting module and pantograph dismounting assembly line thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-03-17 CN CN202110284550.0A patent/CN112959060A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114559251A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-05-31 | 重庆工程职业技术学院 | Balance shaft dismounting module and pantograph dismounting assembly line thereof |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
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| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20210615 |
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| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |