CN114719709B

CN114719709B - Detection device for detecting blank allowance by crankshaft positioning reference

Info

Publication number: CN114719709B
Application number: CN202210200180.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 薛飞; 江豪; 唐一峰; 戈光福
Original assignee: SAIC Volkswagen Automotive Co Ltd
Current assignee: SAIC Volkswagen Automotive Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-03-02
Filing date: 2022-03-02
Publication date: 2023-09-22
Anticipated expiration: 2042-03-02
Also published as: CN114719709A

Abstract

The invention discloses a detecting device for detecting blank allowance by using a crankshaft positioning reference, which comprises the following components: the crankshaft blank clamping and positioning mechanism is provided with a support with a vertical guide rail, a transverse guide rail, a first four-bar mechanism, a second four-bar mechanism, a first dial indicator, a second dial indicator, a first measuring guide rod, a second measuring guide rod and a crankshaft blank clamping and positioning mechanism for clamping the crankshaft blank in the axial direction of the crankshaft blank. The crankshaft template is gradually sleeved on the periphery of the crankshaft blank along with the sliding of the first four-bar mechanism and the second four-bar mechanism in the vertical and horizontal directions, and the crankshaft template is not contacted with the crankshaft blank in a state without deviation; in the state of deviation, the crankshaft template is contacted with the crankshaft blank, and the first dial indicator and the second dial indicator are used for displaying the deviation value between the crankshaft template and the crankshaft blank.

Description

Detection device for detecting blank allowance by crankshaft positioning reference

Technical Field

The invention relates to a detection tool, in particular to a detection device for detecting the blank allowance of a crankshaft.

Background

As is known in the automotive field, crankshafts are a core component in an engine, and the production requirements of crankshafts are quite high, which directly affect the quality of the vehicle engine.

In a vehicle engine, the main journal of the crankshaft needs to cooperate with the bearing blocks of the cylinder block. In the current prior art, the process route of the main journal of the crankshaft is generally: AF10 milling an end face and drilling a center hole; AF20 turning and broaching a main journal; AF90 grinding the main journal; the AF150 is polished. The AF20 turning and pulling process bears the rough machining task of the main journal of the crankshaft, and the phenomenon of cutter explosion is serious in the actual machining process.

According to statistics, the work waste rate of the AF20 turning and pulling process is the highest in the whole crankshaft production line, and meanwhile, the cutter damage rate is also the highest in the whole crankshaft production line, so that the machining efficiency can be seriously affected, and the production cost can be greatly increased. For this reason, the inventors have found through extensive studies that, in the current prior art, the main causes of damage to the tool holder are mainly the following problems:

(a) AF20 is based on AF10 processing and is worked out bent axle both ends centre bore, adopts two top to press from both sides tight location to bent axle both ends centre bore. As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 schematically shows a schematic structure when a center hole is drilled by using AF10 end milling in the prior art. In order to ensure that the crankshaft obtains better dynamic balance characteristics, the AF10 is formed by machining a central hole according to the mass center of the crankshaft, and the allowance of a main journal blank of the crankshaft is distributed according to the geometric center of the crankshaft. Because most of the balance weights of the EA888 engine crankshaft do not need machining, a certain deviation exists between the geometric center and the mass center, namely the axial lead S1 of the excircle of the AF20 turning blank is inconsistent with the revolution central line S2 of the crankshaft workpiece, and the turning allowance is uneven, and the matching form of the geometric center and the mass center is shown in the following figure 3. Normally, the axis S1 of the outer circle of the AF20 turned blank should coincide with the revolution center S2 of the crankshaft work, as shown in FIG. 2.

(b) In the AF20 machining process, the crankshaft workpiece is trimmed off from the crankshaft clamping surface by a trimming die after the die section. When the temperature of the crankshaft does not fall to the process specified temperature during passivation or trimming of the edge of the trimming die, the situation of high flash O of the crankshaft die joint surface shown in fig. 4 is caused.

(c) In the current AF20 processing step, the crankshaft is displaced by a predetermined amount when the molding is closed, as shown in fig. 5.

(d) In the AF20 processing procedure, when the crankshaft is molded, certain errors exist in the diameter, roundness and cylindricity of a crankshaft blank due to the influences of poor mold precision or compensation material shrinkage, bending and other factors.

In summary, when the AF20 turns the outer circle of the crankshaft main journal blank, the turning allowance is uneven due to superposition of various factors. When the cutter cuts into the workpiece, the intermittent cutting has larger impact on the turning tool due to the non-uniformity of the blank, and even the situation that the blank allowance is larger than the cutting safety distance of the cutter (shown in fig. 6 and 7) occurs, so that the cutter is crashed. Therefore, a detection device for comprehensively detecting a crankshaft blank by taking the actual positioning reference of the crankshaft as a measurement reference is needed.

In order to solve the above problems, some researchers have studied and have devised the following solutions:

1. In the AF10 end face milling and center hole drilling process, the center hole of the crankshaft is machined according to the geometric center hole of the crankshaft.

2. In the AF20 turning and pulling process, the safety distance of cutting in by a cutter is increased, namely, the working starting point of a turning tool is moved backwards in a mode of maximum blank allowance.

3. In the AF20 turning and pulling process, the feed speed and the back draft of the cutter are reduced.

4. And a rough machining process is added after the blank is forged so as to correct the uneven allowance of the blank and reduce the impact on a cutter during the AF20 turning and pulling process.

However, it should be noted that, when the above four solutions are actually adopted, the inventor has found that these four solutions still have certain drawbacks, for example, when the above solution 1 is adopted, the problem of uneven blank allowance of the AF20 car napping blank is reduced, but the blank correction amount of the subsequent dynamic balancing process is greatly increased. Meanwhile, the crankshaft finish machining is finished in the dynamic balancing process, so that the correction amount on the balance weight is small, the dynamic balancing requirement cannot be met even after correction, and the crankshaft is scrapped.

When the solution 2 and the solution 3 are adopted, the maneuvering time of the crankshaft processing is increased, and the tact is reduced. Meanwhile, the AF20 turning and pulling process is a bottleneck process of the whole crankshaft in three lines, and the scheme can lead to the beat reduction of the whole crankshaft production line. When the solution 4 is adopted, a certain equipment investment is required to be increased, the manufacturing period of the crankshaft is prolonged, and the purchase price of the crankshaft blank is increased.

Based on the above, the inventor creatively designs a detecting device for detecting the blank allowance by using the crankshaft positioning reference, so that the current operator can detect the allowance of the crankshaft blank by using the actual crankshaft positioning reference as a measuring reference, and the whole flash of the crankshaft blank is detected in an efficient and omnibearing manner.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a detecting device for detecting blank allowance by using a crankshaft positioning reference, which has ingenious conception, simple and reliable structure and simple manufacture and maintenance. The detecting device can detect the allowance of the crankshaft blank by taking the actual positioning reference of the crankshaft as the measuring reference so as to carry out high-efficiency omnibearing detection on the whole flash of the crankshaft blank.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a detecting device for detecting a blank margin with a crankshaft positioning reference, comprising:

the bracket is provided with a vertical guide rail;

a transverse guide rail;

a first four-bar linkage that is slidable in a vertical direction along the vertical rail and slidable in a horizontal direction along the lateral rail; the first four-bar mechanism comprises a long bar, a first cross bar and one edge of an L-shaped bar which are sequentially hinged end to end, and a second cross bar; wherein the extension direction of the long rod is consistent with the extension direction of the transverse guide rail;

The second four-bar structure comprises the other side of the L-shaped rod, a third transverse rod, a crankshaft template and a fourth transverse rod which are sequentially hinged end to end, wherein the crankshaft template is provided with a hollowed crankshaft blank outline;

the first dial indicator is fixedly arranged on one edge of the L-shaped rod;

the second dial indicator is fixedly arranged on the other edge of the L-shaped rod;

the first measuring guide rod is parallel to the first cross rod and the second cross rod and is arranged between the first cross rod and the second cross rod, the head end of the first measuring guide rod is connected with the first four-bar mechanism through a first rotating shaft perpendicular to the plane of the first four-bar mechanism and can rotate around the first rotating shaft, and the tail end of the first measuring guide rod is provided with a first measuring surface which faces to the measuring head of the first dial indicator;

the first measuring guide rod is parallel to the third cross rod and the fourth cross rod and is arranged between the third cross rod and the fourth cross rod, the head end of the second measuring guide rod is connected with the crankshaft sample plate through a second rotating shaft perpendicular to the plane of the second four-bar mechanism and can rotate around the second rotating shaft, and the tail end of the second measuring guide rod is provided with a second measuring surface which faces to the measuring head of the second dial indicator;

A crankshaft blank clamping and positioning mechanism for clamping the crankshaft blank in the axial direction of the crankshaft blank;

the crankshaft template is gradually sleeved on the periphery of the crankshaft blank along with the sliding of the first four-bar mechanism and the second four-bar mechanism in the vertical and horizontal directions, and the crankshaft template is not contacted with the crankshaft blank in a state without deviation; in the state of deviation, the crankshaft template is contacted with the crankshaft blank, and the first dial indicator and the second dial indicator are used for displaying the deviation value between the crankshaft template and the crankshaft blank.

Further, in the detection device of the invention, two sides of the first measurement guide rod are respectively provided with a first tension spring, one end of the first tension spring is connected with the first measurement guide rod, and the other end of the tension spring is connected with the first four-bar mechanism; the two sides of the second measuring guide rod are respectively provided with a second tension spring, one end of the second tension spring is connected with the second measuring guide rod, and the other end of the second tension spring is connected with the crankshaft template.

Further, in the detecting device of the present invention, the crankshaft template and the crankshaft blank are connected in a circuit loop, the circuit loop is provided with an alarm device, and when the crankshaft template and the crankshaft blank are in contact, the circuit loop is conducted, and the alarm device sends out an alarm signal.

Further, in the detection device of the present invention, the alarm device includes a bulb.

Further, in the detection device of the present invention, a guiding chute is provided on the bracket, and the guiding chute includes an inclined portion and a locking portion; the detection device further comprises a handle which penetrates through the guide chute and is connected with a long rod of the first four-bar mechanism, the long rod of the first four-bar mechanism is connected with a transverse guide rail, and the transverse guide rail is connected with the vertical guide rail; as the handle slides up the guiding chute, the first four-bar linkage slides in both the vertical and horizontal directions, and when the handle is located in the locking portion, the position of the first four-bar linkage in the vertical and horizontal directions is no longer changed.

Further, in the detection device of the present invention, the detection device further includes a non-conductive base, and the support is fixedly disposed on the non-conductive base.

Further, in the detecting device of the present invention, the crankshaft blank clamping and positioning mechanism includes:

fixing the tip holder;

a fixed tip disposed on the fixed tip holder;

a movable center support;

the driving lever is connected with the side face of the movable center support through a pin shaft, and a waist hole is formed in the upper end of the driving lever;

The movable center guide rail is arranged at the top of the movable center bracket;

the movable center base is arranged to slide along the movable center guide rail so as to slide in the axial direction of the crankshaft blank, and is provided with a sliding pin correspondingly arranged in a waist hole of the driving lever;

the movable center is arranged on the movable center base, and a movable center spring is arranged between the movable center and the movable center base;

when the driving lever is pushed to rotate around the pin shaft of the driving lever, the driving lever drives the movable center to move in the direction towards or away from the fixed center, so that the crankshaft blank is axially clamped or loosened.

Further, the detection device according to the present invention further includes:

a crank wheel capable of rotating around its own axis;

a crank wheel handle connected to the crank wheel;

the extending direction of the sliding block guide rail is consistent with the axial direction of the crankshaft blank, and the connecting point of the sliding block guide rail and the crank wheel is eccentric to the axle center of the crank wheel;

the sliding block is arranged in the sliding ring guide rail and can slide along the sliding block guide rail, an extended sliding block pin shaft is arranged on the sliding block, and the sliding block pin shaft is inserted into a sliding groove at the lower end of the driving lever;

The sliding block connecting rod is connected between the sliding block and the crank wheel;

when the crank wheel handle is cranked, the crank wheel is driven to rotate, so that the sliding block is driven to slide along the sliding block guide rail, and the driving lever is driven to rotate around the pin shaft of the driving lever.

the tail end of the roller connecting rod is connected with the sliding block pin shaft, and the extending direction of the roller connecting rod is consistent with the axial direction of the crankshaft blank;

the roller connecting rod can slide along the roller connecting rod guide rail;

the roller is connected with the head end of the roller connecting rod;

two roller limiting blocks which are respectively arranged at two sides of the roller;

the tail end of the roller bracket is connected with the roller;

the tail end of the roller support seat is hinged with the roller support;

the tail end of the horizontal floating support frame is connected with the roller support seat;

the two vertical guide rods are vertically arranged, horizontal floating support blocks are respectively arranged on the two vertical guide rods, the horizontal floating support blocks can respectively move up and down along the vertical guide rods which are correspondingly arranged, and waist-shaped grooves are respectively arranged on the horizontal floating support blocks; the upper parts of the horizontal floating supporting blocks are respectively provided with a supporting plane;

The two ends of the Z-shaped lever are respectively connected with the waist-shaped groove on the horizontal floating support block through shafts arranged at the end parts, and the middle part of the Z-shaped lever is hinged with the horizontal floating support frame through a hinge shaft;

when the crank wheel handle is cranked, the crank wheel is driven to rotate, so that the sliding block is driven to slide along the sliding block guide rail, the sliding block pin shaft on the sliding block drives the roller connecting rod to slide along the roller connecting rod guide rail, the roller moves between the two roller limiting blocks, the movement of the roller drives the Z-shaped lever to rotate around the hinge shaft of the Z-shaped lever, and meanwhile, the horizontal floating supporting block is driven to slide up and down along the vertical guide rod, so that the supporting plane of the horizontal floating supporting block floatingly supports the crankshaft blank.

Further, in the detection device of the invention, a horizontal floating support spring is arranged between the horizontal floating support frame and the roller support seat.

Compared with the prior art, the detection device for detecting the blank allowance by using the crankshaft positioning reference has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

the detection device has ingenious conception, simple and reliable structure and simple manufacture and maintenance. The detecting device can detect the allowance of the crankshaft blank by taking the actual positioning reference of the crankshaft as the measuring reference so as to carry out high-efficiency omnibearing detection on the whole flash of the crankshaft blank.

The invention uses the principle of the quadrilateral connecting rod mechanism and is matched with the adoption of the dial indicator to observe the reading in real time to judge whether the turning allowance of the crankshaft to be tested is uneven, the detection precision is high, the operation is simple, the labor intensity is lower, the skill requirement on operators is also very low, and the invention has good popularization prospect and application value.

In some preferred embodiments, the detection device of the present invention may further be provided with an alarm device for alarming, for example, an electric bulb, where the alarm device is adopted to effectively reduce the possibility of misjudgment and effectively warn the operator.

Drawings

Fig. 1 schematically shows a schematic structure of a prior art technique for drilling a center hole by using AF10 to mill an end face.

Fig. 2 schematically shows a schematic view of the AF20 turning blank having an axis S1 of the outer circle coincident with the center line of revolution S2 of the crankshaft workpiece.

Fig. 3 schematically shows a schematic view of the deviation of the axis S1 of the outer circle of the AF20 turning blank from the revolution axis S2 of the crankshaft work piece.

Fig. 4 shows schematically a schematic structural view of a crankshaft blank.

Fig. 5 schematically shows a schematic view of crankshaft molding and die misalignment.

Fig. 6 schematically shows the tool machining start position.

Fig. 7 schematically shows the position of the cutter cutting into the crankshaft workpiece.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a detecting device according to an embodiment of the present invention at a view angle for detecting a crankshaft blank.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the inspection device shown in fig. 8 from another perspective for inspecting a crankshaft blank.

Fig. 10 schematically shows a guide chute provided in the bracket.

Fig. 11 is a front view of the inspection apparatus shown in fig. 8 in an inspection of a crankshaft blank.

Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view A-A as shown in fig. 11.

Fig. 13 schematically shows a front cross-sectional view of the structure of the handle of fig. 11 in the locked portion of the guide chute.

Fig. 14 is a section A-A of fig. 13.

Fig. 15 is a top view of the inspection apparatus shown in fig. 8 in an inspection of a crankshaft blank.

Fig. 16 is a partial cross-sectional view of the detection device shown in fig. 15.

Fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of the detection device shown in fig. 16 after part of the components are removed.

Fig. 18 is an enlarged view of the structure at B shown in fig. 16.

Fig. 19 is a schematic structural view of the detecting device shown in fig. 8 at still another view angle.

Fig. 20 is a partial enlarged view at C shown in fig. 19.

Fig. 21 is a partial enlarged view at D shown in fig. 19.

Fig. 22 is a sectional view of E-E shown in fig. 16.

Fig. 23 is a cross-sectional view of F-F shown in fig. 22.

Fig. 24 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention at a viewing angle.

Fig. 25 is a schematic view of the detection device shown in fig. 24 after the crankshaft template is removed.

Fig. 26 is a partial enlarged view at G shown in fig. 25.

Fig. 27 is a partial enlarged view at H shown in fig. 25.

Fig. 28 is a structural elevation view of the detecting device shown in fig. 24.

Fig. 29 is an I-I cross-sectional view as shown in fig. 28.

Fig. 30 is a sectional view of the J-J shown in fig. 28.

FIG. 31 schematically illustrates the E-E cross-sectional view of FIG. 16 with the horizontal floating support blocks in contact with the crankshaft blank.

FIG. 32 schematically illustrates the E-E cross-sectional view of FIG. 16 with the horizontal floating support blocks disengaged from the crankshaft blank.

Fig. 33 is a partial enlarged view at K shown in fig. 31.

Fig. 34 is a partial enlarged view at L shown in fig. 32.

Fig. 35 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection device according to the present invention under another view angle in an embodiment.

Fig. 36 schematically shows a warning circuit diagram according to the invention.

Detailed Description

The detecting device for detecting the blank allowance by the crankshaft positioning reference according to the invention will be further explained and illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, however, the explanation and illustration do not unduly limit the technical scheme of the invention.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, in the detecting device for detecting the margin of the blank with the crankshaft positioning reference according to the present invention, the crankshaft template 17 is sleeved on the periphery of the crankshaft blank M to be detected, so as to determine whether the margin of the crankshaft blank M to be detected has deviation. When the quality of the prepared crankshaft blank M is qualified, the crankshaft template 17 and the crankshaft blank M are not contacted.

When the allowance of the crankshaft blank M to be detected has deviation, the crankshaft template 17 and the crankshaft blank M are contacted, the quality of the prepared crankshaft blank M is not qualified, and meanwhile, two dial indicators on the detection device can detect and display the deviation value between the crankshaft template 17 and the crankshaft blank M.

Accordingly, referring to fig. 8 and 9 in combination, the crankshaft blank M to be detected is omitted, and in this embodiment, the detection device specifically includes: the crankshaft blank clamping and positioning mechanism comprises a base 14, a bracket 36, a vertical guide rail 361, a transverse guide rail 35, a first four-bar linkage 12, a second four-bar linkage 15, a first dial indicator 111 (shown in fig. 15), a second dial indicator 112 (shown in fig. 15), a first measuring guide rod 101 (shown in fig. 16), a second measuring guide rod 102 (shown in fig. 15) and a crankshaft blank clamping and positioning mechanism N.

In the present invention, the bracket 36 is vertically and fixedly disposed on the base 14, and two vertical guide rails 361 are disposed in the vertical direction of the bracket 36, and the vertical direction is set as the Z direction. Accordingly, as can be seen from fig. 8, 9 and 10, in the present embodiment, the guide chute 38 is further formed on the bracket 36, and the formed guide chute 38 further includes a vertical portion 381, an inclined portion 382 and a locking portion 383 (as shown in fig. 12 below), which can perform a guiding function.

For ease of viewing, the inventors selected to conceal portions of the components, leaving only the brackets 36 and the base plate 14, resulting in the structural schematic shown in FIG. 10 described below. Fig. 10 schematically shows a guide chute provided in the bracket.

Fig. 11 is a front view of the inspection apparatus shown in fig. 8 in an inspection of a crankshaft blank. In order to facilitate observation of the positioning of the crankshaft blank M by the crankshaft blank clamping and positioning mechanism N, the inventors have performed a sectional treatment on the structure of the crankshaft blank positioning mechanism for axially positioning the crankshaft blank M in fig. 11. The crankshaft blank positioning mechanism N can clamp and position the crankshaft blank M in the axial direction of the crankshaft blank M (the axial direction of the crankshaft blank M is set to be X direction) by utilizing two tips.

Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view A-A as shown in fig. 11.

As shown in fig. 12, in the present embodiment, the guide chute 38 further includes a vertical portion 381, an inclined portion 382, and a locking portion 383.

In fact, in the case of the present embodiment, in the detection device according to the present invention, a handle 37 is also provided for the operator to control the movement of the first four-bar linkage 12, and the handle 37 may be connected to the first four-bar linkage 12 through a guide chute 38.

In order to facilitate the movement of the handle 37, a roller (not shown in the drawing) may be further sleeved on the handle 37, and the roller may be sleeved in the middle of the handle 37, and specifically sleeved between the handle 37 and the guiding chute 38, so as to realize the clearance fit between the handle 37 and the guiding chute 38, and further move along the guiding chute 38 on the bracket 36.

In the present invention, the two vertical guide rails 361 vertically disposed on the support 36 are specifically a dovetail-shaped guide rail (as shown in fig. 10), while the lateral surface of the transverse guide rail 35 in the present invention is correspondingly provided with two dovetail-shaped openings matched with the two dovetail-shaped openings, and the transverse guide rail 35 can be slidably matched with the vertical guide rail 361, so as to realize up-and-down sliding along the vertical guide rail 361.

Accordingly, in the present embodiment, a dovetail-shaped guide groove is formed on the upper surface of the transverse rail 35 along the horizontal Y direction perpendicular to the X direction, and based on this dovetail-shaped guide groove, the first four-bar linkage 12 can be correspondingly disposed on the transverse rail 35, and the whole of the first four-bar linkage 12 can slide along the transverse rail 35 in the horizontal Y direction to approach or separate from the crankshaft blank M.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 11 and 12, the handle 37 and the first four-bar linkage 12 connected thereto are positioned at the lowest position of the guide chute 38 formed in the bracket 36 in the Z-direction. The operator can manually apply an external force using the handle 37 to control the handle 37 to slide upward along the guide chute 38 and move the components connected to the handle 37.

As the handle 37 slides up the guide chute 38, the handle 37 may pass successively over the vertical portion 381, the inclined portion 382 of the guide chute 38; when the handle 37 moves in the vertical portion 381 of the guide chute 38, the first four-bar linkage 12 slides only in the vertical Z-direction; while the handle 37 moves in the inclined portion 382 of the guide chute 38, the first four-bar linkage 12 can slide in both the vertical Z direction and the horizontal Y direction with the guide action of the guide chute 38; when the handle 37 is positioned at the lock part 383, the position of the first four-bar linkage 12 in the vertical Z direction and the horizontal Y direction is not changed any more, and the following structural schematic diagrams shown in fig. 13 and 14 are finally obtained.

Fig. 13 schematically shows a front cross-sectional view of the structure of the handle of fig. 11 in the locked portion of the guide chute. In order to facilitate the observation of the positioning of the crankshaft blank clamping and positioning mechanism with respect to the crankshaft blank M, the inventors have also performed a sectional treatment on the positioning structure between the crankshaft blank M and the crankshaft blank positioning mechanism in fig. 13.

Fig. 14 is a section A-A of fig. 13.

As shown in fig. 13 and 14, when the handle 37 is positioned at the locking portion 383, due to the designed special grooving angle of the locking portion 383, when the operator stops applying the external force, the handle 37 is caught in the locking portion 383 under the influence of the gravity of the first four-bar linkage 12 and the elements connected thereto, and the position of the first four-bar linkage 12 in the vertical Z-direction and the horizontal Y-direction is not changed any more.

Referring to fig. 14, it is apparent that when the handle 37 is caught by the locking portion 383 of the guide chute 38, the position of the crankshaft template 17 in the vertical direction is far from the crankshaft blank M to be measured, and the operator can easily assemble and disassemble the crankshaft blank M.

It should be noted that, during the upward movement of the handle 37 along the guiding chute 38, the transverse guide rail 35 is driven by the first four-bar linkage 12 slidingly connected thereto to slide only on the vertical guide rail 361 provided in the vertical Z direction, which does not displace in the horizontal direction, and the displacement of the first four-bar linkage 12 in the horizontal Y direction is achieved by sliding on the transverse guide rail 35.

In comparison with fig. 15, fig. 16 shows the connection of the handle 37 to the first four-bar linkage 12 in a sectional view, and it can be seen from fig. 16 that in this embodiment, the handle 37 is fixedly connected to the long rod 121 of the first four-bar linkage 12.

In the first four-bar linkage 12, the extension direction of the long rod 121 matches the extension direction of the lateral rail 35, and extends in the horizontal Y direction; and the long rod 121 can be correspondingly matched with a dovetail-shaped guide groove formed in the horizontal Y direction on the transverse guide rail 35, so that slidable connection is realized. In the present embodiment, based on this form of matching of the long rod 121 and the lateral rail 35, it is ensured that the first four-bar linkage 12 can slide in the horizontal Y direction along the lateral rail 35.

To further illustrate the structures and connection patterns of the first four-bar linkage 12, the second four-bar linkage 15, the first dial gauge 111, the second dial gauge 112, the first measuring guide 101, and the second measuring guide 102 employed in the present embodiment, the inventors selected parts (such as the bottom plate 14, the bracket 36, and the crankshaft blank clamping and positioning mechanism N) to be omitted, and obtained the following schematic structure of fig. 17.

As shown in fig. 16 and 17, in the present embodiment, the first four-bar linkage 12 may specifically include: a long rod 121, a first cross rod 122, and one side (extending direction is horizontal Y direction) of an L-shaped rod 123, and a second cross rod 124, which are hinged end to end in this order. The rod pieces are hinged through clearance fit of the pin shafts, and nuts are screwed on the end parts of the pin shafts for hinging so as to prevent the pin shafts from falling off.

In the present invention, the second four-bar linkage 15 may specifically include: the other side of the L-shaped rod 123 (extending in the horizontal X direction), the third cross bar 16, and the crank pattern 17 (the crank pattern may be understood in abstraction as one of the rods in the second four-bar linkage 15), and the fourth cross bar 151, which are hinged end to end in this order. The rod piece is hinged through the clearance fit of the pin shaft, and a nut is screwed on the end part of the pin shaft for hinging so as to prevent the pin shaft from falling off.

In designing the structures of the first four-bar linkage 12 and the second four-bar linkage 15, it is necessary to ensure that the axis of the crankshaft template 17 is kept parallel to the axes of the two centers of the crankshaft blank. Meanwhile, as can be seen from fig. 16 and 17, in the present embodiment, the fourth cross bar 151 and the second cross bar 124 may be hinged to both side corners of the L-shaped bar 123 using the same pin shaft.

Based on the design of the vertical guide rail 361, the transverse guide rail 35, the first four-bar linkage 12 and the second four-bar linkage 15, when the control handle 37 moves in the guide chute 38, the second four-bar linkage 15 is driven by the first four-bar linkage 12, so that the crankshaft template 17 on the second four-bar linkage 15 can move up and down along the vertical direction Z within a certain range and can move forward and backward along the horizontal direction Y.

It should be noted that, in the present invention, the crankshaft template 17 has a hollowed-out crankshaft blank contour 171 (as shown in fig. 17), and the hollowed-out crankshaft blank contour 171 on the crankshaft template 17 is set based on the maximum limit contour dimension of the crankshaft blank design, and is the same as the working distance of the cutter in the existing AF20 turning and pulling process. Therefore, by using the crankshaft template 17, it is possible to effectively evaluate whether the turning allowance of the crankshaft blank M to be measured is uneven.

When the crankshaft template 17 is adopted to evaluate the crankshaft blank M, the crankshaft template 17 can be gradually sleeved on the periphery of the crankshaft blank M, if the crankshaft blank M has no deviation, the crankshaft template 17 can be accurately sleeved on the periphery of the crankshaft blank M, and the crankshaft template 17 and the crankshaft blank M are not contacted.

However, if there is a deviation in the crankshaft blank M and there is a deviation in the outer dimension of the crankshaft blank M in the horizontal Y direction, when the crankshaft blank profile 171 on the crankshaft template 17 is controlled to match the crankshaft blank M, the crankshaft blank M will exert an urging force in the horizontal Y direction, this Y-direction urging force will be exerted on the crankshaft template 17, and the crankshaft sample 17 may transmit this Y-direction urging force to the L-shaped rod 123 by using the third rail 16 and the fourth rail 151 hinged thereto, so that the L-shaped rod 123 is displaced in the horizontal Y direction by the Y-direction urging force, thereby causing the first four-bar mechanism 12 to deform.

During the deformation of the first four-bar linkage 12, the first and second crossbars 122 and 124 swing, but due to the special structure of the L-shaped rod 123, the third and fourth crossbars 16 and 151 hinged to the L-shaped rod 123 actually swing slightly in the horizontal X direction, but the amount and influence of the swing are very small, which is negligible here.

Accordingly, if there is a deviation in the crankshaft blank M, and if there is a deviation in the outer dimension of the crankshaft blank M in the horizontal X direction perpendicular to the horizontal Y direction, when the crankshaft blank profile 171 on the control crankshaft template 17 matches the crankshaft blank M, the crankshaft blank M will exert an urging force in the horizontal X direction, and this X-direction urging force will be exerted on the crankshaft template 17, thereby causing the crankshaft template 17 to deviate in the X direction and deforming the second four-bar linkage 15.

Based on this design, the present invention can further utilize the first dial gauge 111 and the second dial gauge 112 to measure and display the offset amounts of the first four-bar linkage 12 and the second four-bar linkage 15, respectively, to accurately obtain the offset amount of the outer contour of the crankshaft blank M from the crankshaft blank contour 171 of the crankshaft master plate 17. Of these, two dial gauge readings show only one comparative measurement.

As can be seen from fig. 15 and 16, in the present embodiment, the first dial indicator 111 is fixedly provided on one side (extending direction is horizontal Y direction) of the L-shaped rod 123 belonging to the first four-bar linkage 12; and the second dial 112 is fixedly provided on the other side (extending direction is horizontal X direction) of the L-shaped rod 123 belonging to the second four-bar linkage 15. Wherein, the first dial indicator 111 and the second dial indicator 112 are provided with measuring heads for measurement.

In order to achieve accurate measurement of the first dial gauge 111 and the second dial gauge 112, the present invention is also correspondingly provided with a first measurement guide 101 and a second measurement guide 102 cooperating therewith. The cooperation between the second measuring guide 102 and the first measuring guide 101 and the second dial 112 and the first dial 111 is shown most clearly in figures 18 and 20 below.

Fig. 18 is an enlarged view of the structure at B shown in fig. 16.

As shown in fig. 18, referring to fig. 16 and 17 in combination, in the present embodiment, the second measuring bar 102 is disposed between the third rail 16 and the fourth rail 151, and the second measuring bar 102 is disposed parallel to the third rail 16 and the fourth rail 151.

In the present embodiment, the head end of the second measuring rod 102 is inserted into the first rotating block 391, and the connection to the crankshaft template 17 is achieved by the first rotating block 391. Meanwhile, a second rotating block 392 is further sleeved on the second measuring guide rod 102, and the second measuring guide rod 102 and the L-shaped rod 123 can be connected by using the second rotating block 392.

In the present invention, the first rotating block 391 and the second rotating block 392 are respectively engaged with the crankshaft template 17 and the L-shaped rod 123 by way of hole shaft engagement, and both can rotate around their own rotation axes.

Correspondingly, the tail end of the second measuring guide rod 102 is provided with a second measuring surface 1021 (as shown in fig. 18) opposite to the measuring head of the second dial indicator 112, and the measuring head of the second dial indicator 112 can be contacted with the second measuring surface 1021 at the tail end of the second measuring guide rod 102, so that the deviation value can be effectively measured, and an operator can intuitively read the value of the dial indicator.

When the crankshaft template 17 is biased in the X direction by the X-direction pushing force, and the second four-bar linkage 15 is deformed, the head end of the second measuring guide rod 102 connected to the crankshaft template moves along with the crankshaft template 17 along the horizontal X direction, while the L-shaped rod 123 is not displaced along the horizontal X direction, at this time, the second measuring guide rod 102 can rotate around the second rotating shaft P2 (as shown in fig. 17) along with the first rotating block 391, and the second rotating block 392 correspondingly rotates around its own axis, i.e. the position of the second measuring surface 1021 at the tail end of the second measuring guide rod 102 is biased, at this time, the second dial indicator 112 can display a bias value, so as to measure the bias direction and position of the crankshaft blank.

Fig. 20 is a partial enlarged view at C shown in fig. 19.

As shown in fig. 19, referring to fig. 15, 16 and 17 in combination, in the present embodiment, the first measuring guide 101 is disposed between the first rail 122 and the second rail 124, and the first measuring guide 101 is disposed parallel to the first rail 122 and the second rail 124.

In the present embodiment, the head end of the first measurement guide 101 is inserted into the third rotating block 393, and may be connected to the long rod 121 through the third rotating block 393. Meanwhile, a fourth rotating block 394 is further sleeved on the first measuring guide rod 101, and connection between the first measuring guide rod 101 and the L-shaped rod 123 can be achieved by using the fourth rotating block 394.

In the present invention, the third rotary block 393 and the fourth rotary block 394 are respectively engaged with the long rod 121 and the L-shaped rod 123 by means of hole shaft engagement, and both can rotate around their own rotation axes.

Correspondingly, the tail end of the first measuring guide rod 101 is provided with a first measuring surface 1011 (as shown in fig. 20) which faces the measuring head of the first dial indicator, the measuring head of the first dial indicator 111 can be contacted with the first measuring surface 1011 at the tail end of the first measuring guide rod 101, the deviation value can be effectively measured, and an operator can intuitively read the value of the dial indicator.

When the crankshaft template 17 receives a Y-direction pushing force to deform the first four-bar linkage 12, one end of the first measuring guide bar 101 connected to the L-shaped bar 123 is displaced in the horizontal Y-direction along with the L-shaped bar 123, while the head end of the first measuring guide bar 101 connected to the long bar 121 is not displaced. At this time, the first measuring guide 101 can rotate around the first rotation axis P1 (as shown in fig. 17) along with the third rotation block 393, and the fourth rotation block 394 will correspondingly rotate around its own axis, that is, the position of the first measuring surface 1011 at the tail end of the first measuring guide 101 will be shifted, and at this time, the deviation value can be displayed on the first dial indicator 111, so as to measure the deviation direction and position of the crankshaft blank M.

Fig. 21 is a partial enlarged view at D shown in fig. 19.

As shown in fig. 21, referring to fig. 15, in the present invention, a second tension spring 92 is provided on both sides of the second measuring guide 102, and one end of the second tension spring 92 is connected to the second measuring guide 102, and the other end is connected to the tension spring pin 8 on the crankshaft template 17.

In the present invention, the tension spring pin 8 may be fixed to the crank boss 17 by an interference fit through the shaft hole. One end of the second tension spring 92 is sleeved on the convex cylinders on two sides of the second measuring guide rod 102, and the other end is sleeved on the tension spring pin 8. Based on the design, when the crankshaft blank M is not measured, the second measuring guide rod 102 is kept at the middle position by the characteristic that the pulling forces on the two sides of the second measuring guide rod 102 are equal and opposite in direction, so that the second dial indicator is guaranteed to be at the 0 position.

Correspondingly, referring to fig. 17, a first tension spring 91 is also respectively disposed on two sides of the first measuring guide rod 101, one ends of the two first tension springs 91 are connected with the protruding cylinders on two sides of the first measuring guide rod 101, and the other ends of the two first tension springs are connected with a tension spring pin 8 fixed on the long rod 121 through shaft hole interference fit (i.e. the long rod 121 is also provided with the tension spring pin 8). Based on this design, when the crankshaft blank M is not measured, the two springs 91 can also have the effect of ensuring that the first measuring guide rod 101 is kept at the neutral position, and ensuring that the second dial indicator is at the 0 position, which is not described here again.

Fig. 22 is a sectional view of E-E shown in fig. 16.

Fig. 23 is a cross-sectional view of F-F shown in fig. 22.

As shown in fig. 24 and 25, in order to ensure that the clamping and positioning mechanism for a crankshaft blank according to the present invention is more clearly visible, the crankshaft blank M to be measured is hidden in fig. 24, and the crankshaft template 17 is hidden in fig. 25.

Fig. 26 is a partial enlarged view at G shown in fig. 25.

As shown in fig. 25 and 26, in the present embodiment, the crankshaft blank clamping and positioning mechanism according to the present invention specifically includes: the movable center comprises a fixed center support 33, a fixed center 34, a movable center support 18, a driving lever 19, a movable center guide rail 7, a movable center base 50 and a movable center 5.

In the present invention, the crankshaft blank M is positioned by the fixed center 34 and the movable center 5 (as can be seen visually from the sectional structure of fig. 11 and 13). The fixed center 34 is arranged on the fixed center support 33 through the interference fit of the pin shaft, the fixed center 34 is fixed, and the positioning mode of the fixed center 34 on the crankshaft blank is consistent with the positioning mode in the existing AF20 turning and pulling process; and the movable center 5 is provided on the movable center base 50, which can be moved in the horizontal X direction.

Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 26, in the present embodiment, a movable center spring 6 (can be intuitively seen from fig. 26) is further disposed between the movable center 5 and the movable center base 50, and when a certain error exists in the length of the crankshaft blank M in the horizontal direction, certain compensation can be performed by using the movable center spring 6, so as to further ensure reliable clamping and accurate positioning. For example, when the length of the crankshaft blank M in the horizontal direction is slightly longer, the movable center spring 6 may be compressed, functioning as compensation.

In the invention, the movable center support 18 (shown in fig. 19) is fixed on the base 14, the movable center guide rail 7 (shown in fig. 26) is arranged at the top of the movable center support 18, the movable center guide rail 7 is a dovetail-shaped guide rail, and the guide rail direction of the movable center guide rail 7 is the same as the axial direction of the crankshaft blank M; the movable center base 50 is provided so as to be slidable along the movable center rail 7, thereby sliding the movable center 3 in the axial direction of the crankshaft blank M.

In this embodiment, the sliding of the movable center base 50 on the movable center rail 7 is achieved based on the driving lever 19, the driving lever 19 can be connected to the side of the movable center support 18 through a pin shaft 192 (as can be seen in fig. 22) in a clearance fit manner, waist holes 191 (as can be seen in fig. 22) are formed at the upper and lower ends of the driving lever 19, and a sliding pin 501 (as shown in fig. 26) correspondingly disposed in the waist holes 191 at the upper end of the driving lever 19 is also disposed at the side of the movable center base 50.

When the driving lever 19 is pushed to rotate around the pin shaft 192 of the driving lever, the sliding pin 501 arranged in the waist hole 191 of the driving lever 19 can be used for transmitting force to the movable center base 50, so that the sliding pin 501 moves in the waist hole 191 and drives the movable center base 50 to slide on the movable center guide rail 7, thereby driving the movable center 5 to move in the direction towards or away from the fixed center 34, and clamping or loosening of the crankshaft blank M in the axial direction is realized.

In addition, it should be noted that, in order to facilitate the control of the movement of the driving lever 19 by the operator, the detection device according to the present invention is further designed to: crank wheel 25, crank wheel handle 24, slider rail 21, slider 22 and slider link 23. The sliding block 22 is provided with a sliding block pin 20 extending out, and the sliding block pin 20 is correspondingly inserted into a waist hole 191 at the lower end of the driving lever 19, and the specific structure thereof is shown in fig. 24.

As shown in fig. 24, in the present embodiment, the slider rail 21 is provided on the base 14 in the axial direction of the crankshaft blank M, and a dovetail-shaped chute is specifically formed thereon; the bottom of the sliding block 22 is provided with a boss matched with the dovetail-shaped sliding groove, and the boss can be arranged in the sliding groove of the sliding block guide rail 21 so as to ensure that the boss can slide along the sliding groove of the sliding block guide rail 21.

In the present invention, in order to push the slider 22 to slide along the slide groove of the slider guide rail 21, the inventor connects the slider link 23 between the slider 22 and the crank wheel 25, connects one end of the slider link 23 with the slider 22 through a pin clearance fit, and connects the other end of the slider link 23 with the crank wheel 25 through a pin clearance fit. In this embodiment, the pin shaft connecting the slider link 23 and the crank wheel 25 may pass through the crank wheel 25 and be fixedly connected with the crank wheel handle 24.

In the present invention, the crank wheel handle 24 is fixed to the crank wheel 25, and the crank wheel 25 is rotatable about its own axis. When an operator desires to drive the lever 19 to rotate around the pin shaft, the operator only needs to shake the crank wheel handle 24 to drive the crank wheel 25 to rotate around the own axis, and at the same time, the crank wheel 25 drives the slide block connecting rod 23 eccentrically connected with the crank wheel 25 to displace in the horizontal direction X, so as to drive the slide block 22 to slide along the slide groove of the slide block guide rail 21. When the slider 22 slides along the sliding groove of the slider guide 21, the force can be transmitted to the driving lever 19 based on the slider pin 20 extending from the slider 22, so as to drive the driving lever 19 to rotate around the pin 192 thereof.

For example: when the operator controls the crank wheel handle 24 to shake anticlockwise from the horizontal position shown in fig. 25, the crank wheel 25 can be driven to rotate anticlockwise around the axis of the crank wheel, at the moment, the slider 22 can be effectively pulled to move leftwards along the sliding groove of the slider guide rail 21 by the slider connecting rod 23, and at the moment, the lower end of the driving lever 19 can be driven to move leftwards by the slider pin shaft 20 on the slider 22. Since the driving lever 19 is rotated about the pin shaft 192 provided at the middle portion thereof, when the lower end of the driving lever 19 moves leftward, the upper end of the driving lever 19 can move rightward in the opposite direction.

In addition, it should be noted that, when the above-mentioned clamping and positioning mechanism for a crankshaft blank is adopted, the movable center 5 driven by the driving lever 19 cooperates with the fixed center 34 to position and clamp the crankshaft blank M, but if only the two centers are adopted to fix the crankshaft blank M, the crankshaft blank M may still rotate around its own axis.

In order to avoid the above situation, ensure the horizontal state of the crankshaft blank M, so that it does not rotate, the invention further designs a horizontal floating support mechanism.

As can be seen from a combination of fig. 22, 24 and 25, in this embodiment, the designed horizontal floating support mechanism may further include: the device comprises a roller 32, a roller connecting rod 29, a roller connecting rod guide rail 30, two roller limiting blocks 31, a roller bracket 40, a roller bracket seat 4, a horizontal floating support frame 2, a Z-shaped lever 3 and two vertical guide rods 60 which are vertically arranged. Wherein, a horizontal floating support block 1 is arranged on each of the two vertical guide rods 60, and the horizontal floating support block 1 can move up and down along the corresponding vertical guide rod 60.

In the invention, one end of the roller connecting rod 29 is connected with the roller 32 through the clearance fit of a pin shaft, and the other end of the roller connecting rod 29 is connected with the sliding block pin shaft 20 inserted into the waist hole 191 at the lower end of the driving lever 19; the roller link 29 extends in a direction that coincides with the axial direction (horizontal X direction) of the crankshaft blank M and that is capable of effectively mating with the dovetail groove of the roller link rail 30 and sliding in the horizontal X direction along the dovetail groove of the roller link rail 30.

Therefore, when the slider 22 slides along the sliding groove of the slider guide rail 21, the slider pin 20 on the slider 22 drives the roller link 29 to slide on the sliding groove of the roller link guide rail 30, and the roller 32 connected with the roller link 29 rolls on the base 14 correspondingly.

In addition, in order to limit the rolling range of the roller 32, two roller limiting blocks 31 are arranged on the base, and the two roller limiting blocks 31 are controlled to be respectively arranged on two sides of the roller 32, so that the limiting of the roller 32 is realized, and the roller 32 is limited to move left and right in the axial direction of the crankshaft blank M.

Correspondingly, in the present invention, the roller 32 is further connected with a roller bracket 40, one end of the roller bracket 40 can be hinged with the roller bracket seat 4 through a pin 401 (as shown in fig. 22) by using shaft hole matching, and the other end of the roller bracket 40 is connected with the roller 32 through pin clearance matching. Wherein, the roller support seat 4 is also connected with a horizontal floating support frame 2.

Fig. 27 is a partial enlarged view at H shown in fig. 25.

Referring to fig. 27, in the present embodiment, one end of the horizontal floating support rod 2 is connected to the roller support base 4, and the other end is hinged to the middle of the Z-type lever 3 through a hinge shaft.

As can be further seen from fig. 22, 25 and 27, in the present embodiment, two vertical guide rods 60 are vertically disposed on the base plate 14, and the horizontal floating support blocks 1 disposed on the vertical guide rods 60 can move up and down along the vertical guide rods 60 disposed correspondingly thereto, respectively. Meanwhile, the horizontal floating supporting blocks 1 are provided with waist-shaped grooves 41, and the upper parts of the horizontal floating supporting blocks 1 are provided with supporting planes 11. By using the two horizontal floating supporting blocks 1, the even stress on the two sides of the crankshaft blank M in the horizontal Y direction can be ensured, and the horizontal state of the crankshaft blank M is ensured without rotation.

In the present invention, the middle part of the Z-shaped lever 3 is hinged to the horizontal floating support 2 via a hinge shaft, and both ends of the Z-shaped lever 3 are connected to the waist-shaped groove 41 on the horizontal floating support 1 via shafts provided at the ends, respectively, via hole-shaft connection. Based on this arrangement, the Z-type lever 3 can be made rotatable about the hinge axis of the middle portion.

Fig. 29 is an I-I cross-sectional view as shown in fig. 28.

Fig. 30 is a sectional view of the J-J shown in fig. 29.

As shown in fig. 28 and 30, in the present embodiment, a horizontal floating support spring 26 is further provided between the horizontal floating support 2 and the roller support seat 4. The horizontal floating support spring 26 is sleeved outside the cylinder of the roller support seat 4, one end of the horizontal floating support spring is tightly attached to the end face of the roller support seat 4, and the other end of the horizontal floating support spring is tightly attached to the end face of the horizontal floating support 2. In some cases, the crankshaft blank M may be relatively thick, at which time this horizontal floating support spring 26 may be compressed, which may act to compensate for the displacement.

In the present embodiment, the roller bracket seat 4 and the roller bracket 40 hinged by the pin 401 can realize the up-and-down movement of the Z-type lever 3 in the vertical Z-direction. For example, when the roller 32 moves to the rightmost roller stopper 31, the roller support seat 4 and the roller support 40 are all completely erected and are in a straight line in the vertical direction, and at this time, the radial length of the combined support of the roller support seat 4 and the roller support 40 in the vertical direction is the largest, which can effectively support the Z-shaped lever 3 and the horizontal floating support block 1 connected thereto.

FIG. 31 schematically illustrates an E-E cross-sectional view of a horizontal floating support block in contact with a crankshaft blank.

FIG. 32 schematically illustrates an E-E cross-sectional view of the horizontal floating support block disengaged from the crankshaft blank.

Fig. 33 is a partial enlarged view at K shown in fig. 31.

Fig. 34 is a partial enlarged view at L shown in fig. 32.

In the invention, when an operator shakes the crank wheel handle 24, the crank wheel 25 is driven to rotate, so that the slide block 22 is driven to slide along the slide block guide rail 21, the slide block pin shaft 20 on the slide block 22 drives the roller connecting rod 29 to slide along the roller connecting rod guide rail 30, so that the roller 32 moves between the two roller limiting blocks 31, the movement of the roller 32 drives the Z-shaped lever 3 to rotate around the hinge shaft of the Z-shaped lever, and simultaneously drives the horizontal floating supporting block 1 to slide up and down along the vertical guide rod 60, so that the supporting plane 11 of the horizontal floating supporting block 1 floatingly supports the crankshaft blank M.

As shown in fig. 31 and 33, when the supporting plane 11 of the two horizontal floating supporting blocks 1 supports the crankshaft blank M, it can ensure that both sides of the crankshaft blank M in the horizontal Y direction are uniformly stressed, and the horizontal state of the crankshaft blank M is ensured without rotation.

Accordingly, as shown in fig. 32 and 34, when the two horizontal floating support blocks 1 slide down the vertical guide rods 60, the support planes 11 thereof no longer support the crankshaft blank M.

As shown in fig. 35, in order to facilitate the prompt of the detection result to the operator, a circuit loop is also designed in the detection device of the present invention for prompt alarm, which forms a circuit with the wire 27, the dry battery 28, and the light bulb 13 between the fixed center holder 33 and the vertical rail holder 36. The circuit diagram of this circuit loop can be seen in fig. 36 below. Fig. 36 schematically shows a warning circuit diagram according to the invention.

In the present invention, the base plate 14 is made of a non-conductive material, which may be made of an insulating marble material, so as to obtain the characteristics of good shock resistance and difficult deformation; and other parts can be made of metal.

The crankshaft template 17 and the crankshaft blank M according to the invention can be connected in a circuit loop, in which a power source for supplying power and an alarm device for alarming, namely a dry cell 28 and an electric bulb 13, are provided.

When the detecting device provided by the invention is used for detecting the blank allowance of the crankshaft blank M and the crankshaft template 17 is contacted with the crankshaft blank M, the crankshaft template 17 and the crankshaft blank M are made of metal materials, so that a circuit loop is conducted, and an alarm signal is sent out as an alarm device at the moment, namely, the electric bulb 13 is lighted to prompt an operator.

When the crank boss 17 is held in the neutral position by the elastic force of the tension spring at the measurement position, the bulb 13 does not light up if it is not in contact with the crank blank M, and if the bulb 13 emits light to indicate that the crank blank M is in contact with the crank boss 17, it is necessary to observe readings of two dial gauges.

In order to further explain the technical scheme of the invention, a process of detecting the blank allowance of the crankshaft blank by adopting the detection device of the invention under the condition of practical application will be described in detail.

When an operator manually applies an external force to lift the handle 37 upwards, the handle 37 drives the first four-bar linkage 12, the second four-bar linkage 15, the first dial indicator 111, the second dial indicator 112, the first measuring guide rod 101 and the second measuring guide rod 102 arranged on the first four-bar linkage 12, the second four-bar linkage 15 and the first measuring guide rod 101 due to the action of the guide chute 38 on the vertically arranged bracket 36. In this process, the lateral rail 35 moves in the vertical direction along the vertical rail 361 provided on the bracket 36.

Based on the special guide chute 38 shown in fig. 10, the first four-bar linkage 12, the second four-bar linkage, the first dial indicator 111, the second dial indicator 112, the first measuring guide 101 and the second measuring guide 102 move obliquely upward under the drive of the handle 37. In the process, the transverse guide 35 is still moved in the vertical direction along the vertical guide 361 provided on the bracket 36, and the whole formed by the above elements can be slid in the horizontal Y direction along the transverse guide in a direction away from the crankshaft blank clamping and positioning mechanism N.

When the handle 37 moves to the locking part 383 of the guide chute 38, due to the special design of the locking part 383, when an operator removes the applied external force, the handle 37 is blocked in the locking part 383 under the influence of the gravity of the first four-bar linkage 12 and a plurality of elements connected with the first four-bar linkage, and the positions of the first four-bar linkage 12 and the plurality of elements connected with the first four-bar linkage in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction are not changed any more, so that the self-locking effect is achieved.

After the self-locking is completed, the shielding of the crankshaft template 17 is avoided, and an operator can clamp the crankshaft blank in the axial direction of the crankshaft blank M very simply by using the crankshaft blank clamping and positioning mechanism N.

In the present invention, the operator can turn the crank wheel handle 24 based on clockwise to rotate the crank wheel 25 around its own center, and pull the slider 22 through the slider rail 21 to move rightward in the horizontal X direction (the axial direction of the crankshaft blank) along the slider rail 21.

During the movement of the slider 22, the slider pin 20 provided on the slider 22 may drive the roller link 29 to move rightward along the horizontal X direction. The roller 32 will move to the right on the base 14 along the horizontal X direction under the driving of the roller link 29 until the roller stopper 31 disposed on the right side of the roller 32 is touched (i.e., the roller 32 moves from the position shown in fig. 31 to the position shown in fig. 30).

The roller bracket 40 connected with the roller 32 can vertically jack up the roller bracket seat 4, the horizontal floating support frame 2 and the Z-shaped lever 3 under the action of the movement of the workpiece roller 32. The horizontal floating supporting block 1 arranged on the vertical guide rod 60 can be lifted upwards to prop up the connecting rod necks on two sides of the crankshaft blank M under the guiding action of the vertical guide rod 60 and the jacking action of the Z-shaped lever 3, and under the elastic force compensation of the Z-shaped lever 3 and the horizontal floating supporting spring 26, the supporting forces with the same size are generated on the connecting rod necks on two sides of the horizontal Y direction of the crankshaft blank M, so that the flash plane of the crankshaft blank M is ensured to be parallel to the base 14.

It should be noted that, in the process of moving the slider 22 rightward in the horizontal direction X, the slider pin 20 provided on the slider 22 also drives the lower end of the driving lever 19 to move rightward so as to push the driving lever 19. Since the driving lever 19 can rotate around the pin 192 connected to the side of the movable center holder 18, the upper end of the driving lever 19 moves leftward when the lower end of the driving lever 19 moves rightward.

At this time, the upper end of the driving lever 19 may push the movable center base 50 to slide along the movable center rail 7 in the axial direction of the crankshaft blank M toward the side of the fixed center 34, so that the movable center 5 provided on the movable center base 50 is brought close to the fixed center 34.

After the movable center 5 contacts with the center hole at one end of the crankshaft blank M, the crankshaft blank M can be pushed leftwards continuously, so that the center hole at the other end of the crankshaft blank M contacts with the fixed center 34 arranged on the fixed center support 33, positioning and clamping of the crankshaft blank M are achieved, and the elastic force of the movable center spring 6 can play a role in micro compensation position.

After the above operation is completed, the operator can manually control the handle 37 to move out of the locking portion 383 of the guide chute 38 and move along the inclined portion 382 and the vertical portion 381 of the guide chute in sequence, and in this process, the first four-bar linkage 12, the second four-bar linkage, the first dial indicator 111, the second dial indicator 112, the first measuring guide 101 and the second measuring guide 102 move obliquely downward (move toward the direction approaching the blank of the crankshaft M) under the driving of the handle 37 and then move downward in the vertical direction to perform the operation on the blank of the crankshaft M.

If the crankshaft blank M fails to pass the crankshaft blank profile 171 of the crankshaft template 17 at all, it is stated that the maximum entity caused by the behavioral tolerances of the crankshaft blank diameter, cylindricity, etc. exceeds the standard range. It is necessary to check the diameter, cylindricity, etc. of the crankshaft blank M.

If the crankshaft blank is able to pass the crankshaft blank contour 171 of the crankshaft template 17, and the light bulb 13 is not illuminated. The outline of the crankshaft blank is smaller than the standard range, and the tool collision cannot occur when the working starting point of the tool in the machine tool is larger than the rest height of the crankshaft blank.

If the crankshaft blank M is able to pass the crankshaft blank contour of the crankshaft template 17, but the light bulb 13 is illuminated, it is indicated that the outer contour of the crankshaft blank is in contact with the crankshaft template 17. At this time, the operator can intuitively observe the readings of the first dial gauge 111 and the second dial gauge 112. The method for detecting and measuring the distance between the measuring surfaces of the guide rods by utilizing the principle of the permanent parallel motion of the opposite sides of the parallelogram connecting rods and the dial indicator can know whether the crankshaft blank has larger deviation in the longitudinal direction or the transverse direction and the value of the deviation. And then compensating the processing starting point position in the corresponding direction program to the blank allowance reverse direction in the AF20 turning machine tool, so as to avoid cutter collision.

It should be noted that the combination of the technical features in the present invention is not limited to the combination described in the claims or the combination described in the specific embodiments, and all the technical features described in the present invention may be freely combined or combined in any manner unless contradiction occurs between them.

It should also be noted that the above-recited embodiments are merely specific examples of the present invention. It is apparent that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and similar changes or modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure, and it is intended to be within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A detecting device for detecting a blank margin with a crankshaft positioning reference, comprising:

the bracket is provided with a vertical guide rail;

a transverse guide rail;

the first dial indicator is fixedly arranged on one edge of the L-shaped rod;

2. The detecting device according to claim 1, wherein the two sides of the first measuring guide rod are respectively provided with a first tension spring, one end of the first tension spring is connected with the first measuring guide rod, and the other end of the tension spring is connected with the first four-bar mechanism; the two sides of the second measuring guide rod are respectively provided with a second tension spring, one end of the second tension spring is connected with the second measuring guide rod, and the other end of the second tension spring is connected with the crankshaft template.

3. The inspection device of claim 1 wherein the crankshaft pattern and the crankshaft blank are connected in a circuit loop having an alarm device therein, the circuit loop being conductive when the crankshaft pattern contacts the crankshaft blank, the alarm device emitting an alarm signal.

4. A test device according to claim 3, wherein the alarm means comprises a light bulb.

5. The detecting device according to claim 1, wherein a guide chute is provided on the bracket, the guide chute including an inclined portion and a locking portion; the detection device further comprises a handle which penetrates through the guide chute and is connected with a long rod of the first four-bar mechanism, the long rod of the first four-bar mechanism is connected with a transverse guide rail, and the transverse guide rail is connected with the vertical guide rail; as the handle slides up the guiding chute, the first four bar linkage slides in both the vertical and horizontal directions, and when the handle is located at the locking portion, the position of the first four bar linkage in the vertical and horizontal directions is not changed any more.

6. The test device of claim 1, further comprising a non-conductive base, wherein the support is fixedly disposed on the non-conductive base.

7. The inspection apparatus of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the crankshaft blank clamping and positioning mechanism comprises:

fixing the tip holder;

a fixed tip disposed on the fixed tip holder;

a movable center support;

8. The detection apparatus according to claim 7, further comprising:

a crank wheel capable of rotating around its own axis;

a crank wheel handle connected to the crank wheel;

the sliding block is arranged in the sliding block guide rail and can slide along the sliding block guide rail, an extended sliding block pin shaft is arranged on the sliding block, and the sliding block pin shaft is inserted into a sliding groove at the lower end of the driving lever;

9. The detection apparatus as set forth in claim 8, further comprising:

the roller connecting rod can slide along the roller connecting rod guide rail;

the roller is connected with the head end of the roller connecting rod;

the tail end of the roller bracket is connected with the roller;

the tail end of the roller support seat is hinged with the roller support;

the two vertical guide rods are vertically arranged, horizontal floating support blocks are arranged on the two vertical guide rods, the horizontal floating support blocks can move up and down along the vertical guide rods which are correspondingly arranged, and waist-shaped grooves are formed in the horizontal floating support blocks; the upper parts of the horizontal floating supporting blocks are respectively provided with a supporting plane;

10. The inspection device of claim 9, wherein a horizontal floating support spring is disposed between the horizontal floating support frame and the roller support frame mount.