CN112958587A - Method and device for co-processing and utilizing aluminum ash and overhaul slag - Google Patents
Method and device for co-processing and utilizing aluminum ash and overhaul slag Download PDFInfo
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- CN112958587A CN112958587A CN202110127859.9A CN202110127859A CN112958587A CN 112958587 A CN112958587 A CN 112958587A CN 202110127859 A CN202110127859 A CN 202110127859A CN 112958587 A CN112958587 A CN 112958587A
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- powder
- aluminum ash
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for coprocessing and utilizing aluminum ash and overhaul slag; respectively processing the aluminum ash, the overhaul slag cathode carbon block and the limestone into aluminum ash powder, cathode powder and limestone powder, calcining a mixture of the aluminum ash powder, the cathode powder and the limestone powder, and cooling and crushing the calcined refining slag. The invention processes the aluminum ash, the overhaul slag cathode carbon block and the limestone into powder and then calcines the powder together, recovers most aluminum in the aluminum ash, generates a main product of calcium aluminate (refining slag) which can be used in a water purification process or other aluminum material industries, simultaneously heats the overhaul slag cathode carbon as fuel, effectively utilizes the high heat value of the cathode carbon block, decomposes harmful cyanide in the overhaul slag cathode carbon block under the high temperature condition, and reacts fluorine element and Ca element in the aluminum ash and the cathode carbon block to be solidified and solidifiedIs harmless CaF2Therefore, the harmless treatment and resource utilization of the aluminum ash slag and the overhaul slag are realized simultaneously.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electrolytic aluminum industrial waste residue treatment, and particularly relates to a method and a device for cooperatively treating and utilizing aluminum ash and overhaul residues.
Background
The aluminum ash slag is the main components of metallic aluminum and Al generated in the processes of production, use, recovery and the like of the aluminum industry such as electrolytic aluminum and the like2O3The solid substance can pollute soil and water body due to toxic elements of selenium, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead and the like contained in the solid substance, and is inflammable due to contact reaction with the water bodyToxic gas is listed as industrial solid dangerous waste and needs to be subjected to harmless treatment. The traditional method for landfill treatment of the aluminum ash cannot be harmless, and in recent years, a series of problems of impure products, serious secondary pollution, high cost and the like exist in methods for treatment, heat treatment and the like of more researched chemical agents, and the treatment and disposal problems cannot be solved from the perspective of complete harmlessness and recycling.
The aluminum electrolytic cell generally needs to be overhauled after being used for 4-5 years, and the overhaul slag of the aluminum electrolytic cell mainly comprises cathode carbon blocks (accounting for about 46.9 percent), refractory bricks (accounting for about 5.5 percent), binder paste (accounting for about 6.9 percent), insulating bricks (accounting for about 4.2 percent), refractory particles (accounting for about 3.6 percent) and the like. Because the overhaul slag is corroded by electrolyte liquid under the condition of long-term high temperature, the overhaul slag after the tank is stopped contains soluble fluoride and cyanide, wherein the soluble fluoride has strong corrosivity and belongs to harmful substances, and the cyanide is a highly toxic substance. At present, domestic electrolytic aluminum enterprises recycle the overhaul residues of the electrolytic cell except part of refractory materials, and other discharge ways mainly comprise landfill and open-air stacking, the overhaul residues are washed and soaked by rainwater, and soluble fluorine in the overhaul residues enters water and permeates underground after being leached out, so that soil and underground water are possibly polluted; in addition, the waste residues are piled in the open air for a long time, and the surface of the residues is weathered to form dust, so that secondary dust can be generated to pollute the atmosphere.
The existing electrolytic aluminum enterprises do not have mature harmless and recycling treatment technologies of aluminum ash and overhaul residues, and lack a method which can completely remove harmful substances and reduce the cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a method and a device for co-processing and utilizing aluminous ash and overhaul residues, which can simultaneously realize harmless treatment and resource utilization of aluminous ash and overhaul residues.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a method for cooperatively treating and utilizing aluminum ash and overhaul slag, which comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively processing the aluminum ash, the overhaul residue cathode carbon block and the limestone into aluminum ash powder, cathode powder and limestone powder;
(2) mixing 35-45% of aluminum ash powder, 10-20% of cathode powder and 40-50% of limestone powder, calcining the mixture, cooling the calcined refining slag and crushing.
As a preferable technical scheme, in the step (1), the aluminum ash, the overhaul residue cathode carbon block and the limestone are respectively processed into aluminum ash powder, cathode powder and limestone powder by a crushing or/and ball milling method.
As a preferable technical scheme, in the step (1), the particle size of the aluminum ash powder is more than 80 meshes, the particle size of the cathode powder is more than 80 meshes, and the particle size of the limestone powder is 5-30 cm.
In the preferable technical scheme, in the step (2), the aluminum ash powder, the cathode powder and the limestone powder are mixed and then ground into a mixture with the granularity of more than 100 meshes.
As a preferable technical scheme, in the step (2), the mixture passes through a preheating zone at 600-800 ℃, a calcining zone at 1300-1800 ℃ and a cooling zone at 600-800 ℃ in sequence during calcination, and the total process lasts for 2-4 hours.
The invention discloses a device for cooperatively treating and utilizing aluminum ash and overhaul slag, which comprises an aluminum ash pretreatment system, an overhaul slag cathode carbon block pretreatment system, a limestone pretreatment system, an aluminum ash powder bin, a cathode powder bin, a limestone powder bin, a batching and mixing system, a calcining system, a cooling system and a crushing and screening system, wherein the aluminum ash pretreatment system is connected with the overhaul slag cathode carbon block pretreatment system through a pipeline; the aluminum ash pretreatment system is used for processing aluminum ash powder, the aluminum ash pretreatment system is connected with an aluminum ash powder bin, the overhaul slag cathode carbon block pretreatment system is used for processing cathode powder, the overhaul slag cathode carbon block pretreatment system is connected with the cathode powder bin, the limestone pretreatment system is used for processing limestone powder, and the limestone pretreatment system is connected with a limestone powder bin; the aluminum ash powder bin, the cathode powder bin and the limestone powder bin are respectively connected with a batching and mixing system, the batching and mixing system is connected with a calcining system, the calcining system is connected with a cooling system, and the cooling system is connected with a crushing and screening system.
As the preferred technical scheme, the batching and mixing system comprises a spiral conveying electronic batching scale, a ball mill and a mixture material tank, wherein the spiral conveying electronic batching scale is respectively connected with an aluminum ash powder bin, a cathode powder bin and a limestone powder bin, the ball mill is connected with the spiral conveying electronic batching scale, and the mixture material tank is connected with the ball mill.
According to a preferable technical scheme, the calcining system comprises a rotary kiln, and the rotary kiln is divided into a preheating zone, a calcining zone and a cooling zone from feeding of a kiln tail to discharging of a kiln head.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention processes aluminum ash, overhaul slag cathode carbon block and limestone into powder and then calcines the powder together to recycle most of aluminum in the aluminum ash, the generated main product calcium aluminate (main component of refining slag) can be used in water purification process or other aluminum material industry, meanwhile, overhaul slag cathode carbon is used as fuel to heat, high heat value of cathode carbon block is effectively utilized, harmful cyanide in overhaul slag cathode carbon block is decomposed under high temperature condition, fluorine element in aluminum ash and cathode carbon block reacts with Ca element to be solidified into harmless CaF2Therefore, the harmless treatment and resource utilization of the aluminum ash slag and the overhaul slag are realized simultaneously.
Drawings
In order to make the object, technical scheme and beneficial effect of the invention more clear, the invention provides the following drawings for explanation:
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and can practice the present invention, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the device for co-processing and utilizing the aluminum ash and the overhaul slag comprises an aluminum ash pretreatment system, an overhaul slag cathode carbon block pretreatment system, a limestone pretreatment system, an aluminum ash powder bin, a cathode powder bin, a limestone powder bin, a batching and mixing system, a calcining system, a cooling system and a crushing and screening system.
The aluminum ash pretreatment system is used for processing aluminum ash powder, the aluminum ash pretreatment system is connected with an aluminum ash powder bin, the overhaul slag cathode carbon block pretreatment system is used for processing cathode powder, the overhaul slag cathode carbon block pretreatment system is connected with the cathode powder bin, the limestone pretreatment system is used for processing limestone powder, and the limestone pretreatment system is connected with the limestone powder bin.
The batching and mixing system comprises a spiral conveying electronic batching scale, a ball mill and a mixture tank, wherein the spiral conveying electronic batching scale is respectively connected with an aluminum ash powder bin, a cathode powder bin and a limestone powder bin, the ball mill is connected with the spiral conveying electronic batching scale, and the mixture tank is connected with the ball mill.
The material mixing system is connected with the calcining system, the calcining system comprises a rotary kiln, and the rotary kiln is divided into a preheating zone, a calcining zone and a cooling zone from kiln tail feeding to kiln head discharging; the calcining system is connected with a cooling system, and the cooling system is connected with a crushing and screening system.
Because the casting and refining processes are different, the composition and the content of the cathode carbon block of the aluminum ash slag and the overhaul slag generated by different enterprises are different.
Aluminous ash Al produced by certain enterprises2O3The content is more than or equal to 41.2 percent, and the content of F is 0.95 to 1.05 percent; the overhaul slag mainly comprises cathode carbon blocks, the cathode carbon blocks mainly comprise petroleum coke and asphalt, the content of fixed carbon is more than or equal to 63.2 percent, the content of cyanide is 7.75-13.00mg/L, and the content of F is 9.3-12.55 percent; the CaO content of limestone is about 51.47%.
A method for utilizing aluminum ash slag and overhaul slag in a synergistic manner comprises the following steps:
1. the aluminum ash is ball-milled into aluminum ash powder with the particle size of more than 80 meshes by an aluminum ash pretreatment system, the overhaul residue cathode carbon block is crushed and ball-milled into cathode powder with the particle size of more than 80 meshes by an overhaul residue cathode carbon block pretreatment system, and the limestone is crushed and ball-milled into limestone powder with the particle size of 5-30cm by a limestone pretreatment system.
2. Mixing the aluminum ash powder, the cathode powder and the limestone powder by an electronic scale according to the weight ratio of 35-45% of the aluminum ash powder, 10-20% of the cathode powder and 40-50% of the limestone powder, and then ball-milling the mixture into a mixture with more than 100 meshes.
3. The mixture is driven into a kiln tail high-level tank by a screw fan, and then the mixture is put into a rotary kiln from the kiln tail of the rotary kiln by the screw fan to be calcined and sintered for 2 to 4 hours; the rotary kiln roasting is divided into a preheating zone (the temperature is increased from normal temperature to 600 ℃, and then gradually increased to about 1300 ℃), a calcining zone (the calcining temperature is controlled to about 1500 ℃) and a cooling zone (the temperature is cooled to 800 ℃) from the kiln tail feeding to the kiln head discharging.
4. And (3) cooling the refining slag (blocks) sintered in the rotary kiln in a cooling system from the kiln head of the rotary kiln, discharging the refining slag after the refining slag is cooled by the cooling system, wherein the discharging temperature is about 70 ℃, and crushing and screening the refining slag (blocks) to prepare a finished product.
Limestone (CaCO)3) Decomposing into calcium oxide at high temperature in the rotary kiln, and further reacting with alumina in the aluminous ash to generate calcium dialuminate (CaO 2 Al) as a main product2O3) And calcium monoaluminate (CaO. Al)2O3). Heating the overhaul residue cathode carbon as fuel, decomposing harmful cyanide in the overhaul residue cathode carbon at high temperature, reacting the harmful cyanide when the temperature of the kiln rises to 600 ℃, and carrying out CN﹣Cyanide ions are oxidized, cyanide such as NaCN, KCN and the like undergoes redox reaction, and after the reaction is finished, CNO﹣And is further oxidized quickly, and when the kiln temperature is heated to above 700 ℃, cyanide disappears completely. Most of fluorine elements in the aluminum ash slag and the overhaul slag cathode carbon react with Ca element to be solidified into harmless CaF2And part of fluoride enters the purification system along with the flue gas.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The equivalent substitution or change made by the technical personnel in the technical field on the basis of the invention is all within the protection scope of the invention. The protection scope of the invention is subject to the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method for utilizing aluminum ash slag and overhaul slag in a synergistic manner is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively processing the aluminum ash, the overhaul residue cathode carbon block and the limestone into aluminum ash powder, cathode powder and limestone powder;
(2) mixing 35-45% of aluminum ash powder, 10-20% of cathode powder and 40-50% of limestone powder, calcining the mixture, cooling the calcined refining slag and crushing.
2. The aluminous ash and overhaul slag co-processing utilization method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step (1), the aluminum ash, the overhaul residue cathode carbon block and the limestone are respectively processed into aluminum ash powder, cathode powder and limestone powder by a crushing or/and ball milling method.
3. The aluminous ash and overhaul slag co-processing utilization method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step (1), the particle size of the aluminum ash powder is more than 80 meshes, the particle size of the cathode powder is more than 80 meshes, and the particle size of the limestone powder is 5-30 cm.
4. The aluminous ash and overhaul slag co-processing utilization method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step (2), the aluminum ash powder, the cathode powder and the limestone powder are mixed and ground into a mixture with more than 100 meshes.
5. The aluminous ash and overhaul slag co-processing utilization method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step (2), the mixture passes through a preheating zone at 800 ℃ of 600-.
6. The utility model provides an aluminium ash sediment utilizes device with overhaul sediment coprocessing which characterized in that: the system comprises an aluminum ash slag pretreatment system, a overhaul slag cathode carbon block pretreatment system, a limestone pretreatment system, an aluminum ash slag powder bin, a cathode powder bin, a limestone powder bin, a batching and mixing system, a calcining system, a cooling system and a crushing and screening system;
the aluminum ash pretreatment system is used for processing aluminum ash powder, the aluminum ash pretreatment system is connected with an aluminum ash powder bin, the overhaul slag cathode carbon block pretreatment system is used for processing cathode powder, the overhaul slag cathode carbon block pretreatment system is connected with the cathode powder bin, the limestone pretreatment system is used for processing limestone powder, and the limestone pretreatment system is connected with a limestone powder bin;
the aluminum ash powder bin, the cathode powder bin and the limestone powder bin are respectively connected with a batching and mixing system, the batching and mixing system is connected with a calcining system, the calcining system is connected with a cooling system, and the cooling system is connected with a crushing and screening system.
7. The aluminum ash and overhaul slag co-processing and utilizing device according to claim 6, wherein: the batching and mixing system comprises a spiral conveying electronic batching scale, a ball mill and a mixture tank, wherein the spiral conveying electronic batching scale is respectively connected with an aluminum ash powder bin, a cathode powder bin and a limestone powder bin, the ball mill is connected with the spiral conveying electronic batching scale, and the mixture tank is connected with the ball mill.
8. The aluminum ash and overhaul slag co-processing and utilizing device according to claim 6, wherein: the calcining system comprises a rotary kiln, and the rotary kiln is divided into a preheating zone, a calcining zone and a cooling zone from kiln tail feeding to kiln head discharging.
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| CN202110127859.9A CN112958587A (en) | 2021-01-29 | 2021-01-29 | Method and device for co-processing and utilizing aluminum ash and overhaul slag |
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| CN202110127859.9A CN112958587A (en) | 2021-01-29 | 2021-01-29 | Method and device for co-processing and utilizing aluminum ash and overhaul slag |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113480204A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-10-08 | 河南中孚铝业有限公司 | Aluminum cell overhaul slag thermal power generation cooperative treatment technology |
| CN113814258A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2021-12-21 | 山东山铝环境新材料有限公司 | Solid waste treatment device based on cement kiln coprocessing |
| CN115846378A (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2023-03-28 | 中铝郑州有色金属研究院有限公司 | Device and method for treating secondary aluminum ash |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113480204A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-10-08 | 河南中孚铝业有限公司 | Aluminum cell overhaul slag thermal power generation cooperative treatment technology |
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| CN115846378A (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2023-03-28 | 中铝郑州有色金属研究院有限公司 | Device and method for treating secondary aluminum ash |
| CN115846378B (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2024-01-23 | 中铝郑州有色金属研究院有限公司 | Device and method for treating secondary aluminum ash |
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Application publication date: 20210615 |