CN108754134A - A kind of red mud comprehensive utilization process - Google Patents
A kind of red mud comprehensive utilization process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108754134A CN108754134A CN201810867408.7A CN201810867408A CN108754134A CN 108754134 A CN108754134 A CN 108754134A CN 201810867408 A CN201810867408 A CN 201810867408A CN 108754134 A CN108754134 A CN 108754134A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- red mud
- comprehensive utilization
- utilization process
- electric arc
- iron
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
- C22B1/243—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders inorganic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C13/00—Fibre or filament compositions
- C03C13/06—Mineral fibres, e.g. slag wool, mineral wool, rock wool
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0006—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0066—Preliminary conditioning of the solid carbonaceous reductant
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/12—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in electric furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/248—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating of metal scrap or alloys
Abstract
The invention belongs to field of metallurgy, it is related to a kind of red mud comprehensive utilization process, take red mud, additive carries out dispensing, briquet after mixing, dry agglomerate, dry agglomerate and a certain proportion of coke are placed in electric arc furnaces, carry out reduction melting, group's ferro element reduction melting in the block is molten iron, the molten iron obtained after slag sluicing system is directly through casting iron block, molten slag passes through quenched temperature adjustment, fibrosis, mineral wool is made in the series of process such as collection cotton, the method of the present invention reasonable design, it can be easy, valuable element iron in efficient extraction red mud, simultaneously, the clinker of generation is for producing mineral wool, efficiently utilize red mud resource, solves the problems, such as the stockpiling of red mud, in addition, the flue gas generated in reduction process is dried after dedusting for dispensing, with preferable economic benefit, environmental benefit and social benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of metallurgy, are related to a kind of red mud comprehensive utilization process.
Background technology
Red mud is the maximum waste and the maximum pollution sources of alumina producer that aluminum oxide production process generates.Because of production
The difference of method and bauxite grade often produces the red mud that 1t aluminium oxide will be about 0.5~2.0t of generation, using nepheline as raw material
Sintering process factory, often produces red mud amount up to 5.5~7.5t of lt aluminium oxide outputs, and red mud per ton is also attached to 3~4m3It is useless containing alkali
Liquid.With the reduction of the development and aluminum ore grade of aluminum i ndustry, red mud amount will be increasing, it is necessary to be subject to profit to red mud reprocessing
With can just turn waste into wealth reduction pollution.
It is estimated that it is about 40,000,000 t that red mud amount is produced in the whole world, which per year,.Red mud is mostly transported to heap by alumina producer both at home and abroad at present
, wet method of building a dam stockpiling, and solution return is used again by natural subsidence separation.So a large amount of red mud fails to obtain effectively fully
Utilization, caused by society and economic problems be considerably complicated：1. tract will be occupied by building red mud dump, make base
Investment is built to increase；2. contain alkali and a small amount of radioactive substance in red mud, it is long-term to store up, dust from flying is caused after drying, it is serious dirty
Contaminate air and environment；3. due to wind and weather, causes red mud person who lives in exile's rivers and lakes, cause to silt up, poison water quality, directly affect agriculture
Industry and fish production.Attention with society to environmental protection work, an urgent demand aluminum oxide industry realize harmless emission or zero
Discharge makes red mud recycling, and studies the comprehensive reutilization of wherein each valuable component, is one and has important practical significance
Project.
The method for comprehensively utilizing red mud both at home and abroad at present has the synthetical recovery of valuable component, produces cement, produces haydite, raw
Produce building brick, produce the methods of calcium silicate fertilizer and filler for plastic, these methods it is different degrees of there are tailings to handle, warp
Benefit of helping is low to wait a series of problems.
Invention content
Present invention aims at：Provide a kind of red mud comprehensive utilization process, using the technique can it is easy, efficiently carry
The valuable element iron in red mud is taken, meanwhile, the clinker of generation can effectively utilize red mud for producing mineral wool, using the technique and provide
Source solves the problems, such as the stockpiling of red mud, in addition, the flue gas generated in reduction process is dried after dedusting for dispensing, has very
Good economic benefit, environmental benefit and social benefit.
Technical solution：The present invention provides a kind of red mud comprehensive utilization process, include the following steps：
(1) dispensing-agglomeration：Red mud, additive is taken to carry out dispensing, after mixing briquet, at 200 DEG C~350 DEG C
At a temperature of obtain dry agglomerate, the water content of the dry agglomerate is 1%~5%；
(2) electric arc furnaces reduction melting：Drying agglomerate and reducing agent that step (1) obtains are placed in electric arc furnaces, gone back
Former melting, group's ferro element in the block are reduced to metallic iron and are fused into molten iron, and the molten iron obtained after slag sluicing system directly passes through
Cast iron block；
(3) clinker produces mineral wool：Using the molten slag obtained after step (2) reduction melting as primary raw material, by quenched
Mineral wool is made in the series of process such as temperature adjustment, fibrosis, collection cotton.
Preferably, baking of the flue gas generated in electric arc furnaces in the step (2) after dedusting for briquetting in step (1)
It is dry.
Preferably, the red mud is the waste residue generated in aluminum oxide production process, TFe contents be 20wt%~
40wt%.
Preferably, step (1) described additive is lime stone and bentonite.
It is furthermore preferred that the additive amount of lime stone is 1wt%~10wt% of pending red mud amount, bentonitic additive amount
For 1wt%~3wt% of pending red mud amount.
Preferably, step (2) described reducing agent is coke, and the additive amount of reducing agent is the 15wt% of pending red mud amount
~25wt%.
In order to make reduction melting reaction fully carry out, it is preferred that the reaction temperature in electric arc furnaces is 1450 DEG C~1650 DEG C,
The reduction melting time in electric arc furnaces is 40min~90min.
Advantageous effect：Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has following advantages：The present invention uses electric arc furnaces reduction melting side
Method realizes the enriching and recovering of metallic iron in red mud, the rate of recovery >=80% of overall process iron；Melting furnace while recycling metallic iron
Slag is for producing mineral wool；In addition, being dried for dispensing after dedusting with the flue gas generated in electric arc furnaces reduction process, entire technique
Flow is short, electric arc furnaces it is easy to operate, the reduction of iron and molten point are carried out at the same time, and fume afterheat deep exploitation reduces equipment throwing
Money, reduces energy consumption, and metal iron recovery is high.Using present invention processing red mud to get to high-grade casting pig, clinker may be used also
For producing mineral wool, flue gas heat recovery, economy is greatly improved.
Description of the drawings
The following further describes the present invention with reference to the drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow chart of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the equipment flowsheet of the present invention
Wherein, 1, batch bin；2, intensive mixer；3, ball press；4, drying grate；5, electric arc furnaces；6, belt conveyer scale
Specific implementation mode
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described.Described embodiment and its result are merely to illustrate
The present invention, without the present invention described in detail in claims should will not be limited.
Process flow chart is shown in attached drawing 1；Equipment flowsheet is shown in Fig. 2.
Embodiment 1：
Red mud 1000kg (butt), the lime stone 30kg as additive, the bentonite 30kg as additive is taken to carry out
Dispensing is sufficiently mixed, briquet, and dry agglomerate is dried to obtain at a temperature of 300 DEG C, and the dry agglomerate water content is
1%~5%.
The main component of red mud such as following table：
1 red mud chemistry multielement analysis (%) of table
| Element | TFe | CaO | MgO | SiO2 | Al2O3 | Na2O | K2O | S | P | TiO2 |
| Content | 25.91 | 2.41 | 0.24 | 12.91 | 20.81 | 7.69 | 0.10 | 0.14 | 0.13 | 5.97 |
Electric arc furnaces is added in above-mentioned dry agglomerate, while the coke 150kg as reducing agent is added, it is anti-to carry out reduction melting
It answers, electric arc furnaces interior reaction temperature is 1480 DEG C, reaction time 40min, and the ferro element in agglomerate is reduced into liquid molten iron, slag iron point
From rear, obtained molten iron is directly through casting iron block；Hot metal composition is as shown in table 2, and iron block yield is 234kg, and Iron grade is
95.33%, iron recovery 86.10%.
2 hot metal composition of table analyzes (%)
| Element | TFe | S | P | C |
| Content | 95.33 | 0.47 | 0.01 | 0.65 |
Obtained molten slag 574kg；Using the molten slag as primary raw material, pass through quenched temperature adjustment, fibrosis, collection cotton etc.
Mineral wool 803kg is made in series of process process.
Embodiment 2：
Red mud 1000kg (butt), the lime stone 50kg as additive, the bentonite 30kg as additive is taken to carry out
Dispensing is sufficiently mixed, briquet, and dry agglomerate is dried to obtain at a temperature of 300 DEG C, and the dry agglomerate water content is
1%~5%.
Electric arc furnaces is added in above-mentioned dry agglomerate, while the coke 200kg as reducing agent is added, it is anti-to carry out reduction melting
It answers, electric arc furnaces interior reaction temperature is 1530 DEG C, reaction time 60min, and the ferro element in agglomerate is reduced into liquid molten iron, slag iron point
From rear, obtained molten iron is directly through casting iron block；Hot metal composition is as shown in table 3, and iron block yield is 246kg, and Iron grade is
96.28%, iron recovery 91.31%.
3 hot metal composition of table analyzes (%)
| Element | TFe | S | P | C |
| Content | 96.28 | 0.55 | 0.015 | 0.72 |
Obtained molten slag 586kg；Using the molten slag as primary raw material, pass through quenched temperature adjustment, fibrosis, collection cotton etc.
Mineral wool 819kg is made in series of process process.
Embodiment 3：
Red mud 1000kg (butt), the lime stone 70kg as additive, the bentonite 30kg as additive is taken to carry out
Dispensing is sufficiently mixed, briquet, and dry agglomerate is dried to obtain at a temperature of 300 DEG C, and the dry agglomerate water content is
1%~5%.
Electric arc furnaces is added in above-mentioned dry agglomerate, while the coke 250kg as reducing agent is added, it is anti-to carry out reduction melting
It answers, electric arc furnaces interior reaction temperature is 1580 DEG C, reaction time 80min, and the ferro element in agglomerate is reduced into liquid molten iron, slag iron point
From rear, obtained molten iron is directly through casting iron block；Hot metal composition is as shown in table 3, and iron block yield is 249kg, and Iron grade is
97.14%, iron recovery 93.27%.
4 hot metal composition of table analyzes (%)
| Element | TFe | S | P | C |
| Content | 97.14 | 0.63 | 0.01 | 0.79 |
Obtained molten slag 589kg；Using the molten slag as primary raw material, pass through quenched temperature adjustment, fibrosis, collection cotton etc.
Mineral wool 825kg is made in series of process process.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of red mud comprehensive utilization process, which is characterized in that the red mud comprehensive utilization process includes the following steps：
(1) dispensing-agglomeration：Red mud, additive is taken to carry out dispensing, after mixing briquet, in 200 DEG C~350 DEG C of temperature
Dry agglomerate is obtained under degree, the water content of the dry agglomerate is 1%~5%；
(2) electric arc furnaces reduction melting：Drying agglomerate and reducing agent that step (1) obtains are placed in electric arc furnaces, it is molten to carry out reduction
Refining, group's ferro element in the block are reduced to metallic iron and are fused into molten iron, and the molten iron obtained after slag sluicing system is directly through casting
Iron block；
(3) clinker produces mineral wool：Using the molten slag obtained after step (2) reduction melting as primary raw material, by quenched temperature adjustment,
Mineral wool is made in the series of process such as fibrosis, collection cotton.
2. red mud comprehensive utilization process as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is generated in electric arc furnaces in the step (2)
Drying of the flue gas after dedusting for briquetting in step (1).
3. red mud comprehensive utilization process as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The red mud is in aluminum oxide production process
The waste residue of generation, TFe contents are 20wt%~40wt%.
4. red mud comprehensive utilization process as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step (1) described additive is lime stone
And bentonite.
5. red mud comprehensive utilization process as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：The additive amount of the lime stone is pending
Red mud amount 1wt%~10wt%.
6. red mud comprehensive utilization process as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：The bentonitic additive amount is pending
Red mud amount 1wt%~3wt%.
7. red mud comprehensive utilization process as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step (2) described reducing agent is coke, also
The additive amount of former agent is 15wt%~25wt% of pending red mud amount.
8. red mud comprehensive utilization process as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is anti-in electric arc furnaces in the step (2)
It is 1450 DEG C~1650 DEG C to answer temperature.
9. red mud comprehensive utilization process as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Going back in electric arc furnaces in the step (2)
Former smelting time is 40min~90min.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810867408.7A CN108754134A (en) | 2018-08-02 | 2018-08-02 | A kind of red mud comprehensive utilization process |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810867408.7A CN108754134A (en) | 2018-08-02 | 2018-08-02 | A kind of red mud comprehensive utilization process |
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| CN108754134A true CN108754134A (en) | 2018-11-06 |
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ID=63968573
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| CN201810867408.7A Pending CN108754134A (en) | 2018-08-02 | 2018-08-02 | A kind of red mud comprehensive utilization process |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110055365A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-07-26 | 东北大学 | A kind of method that calcification-carbonization iron red mud recycles iron and tailings cement |
| CN110143761A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-08-20 | 程铃釜 | A kind of high-performance fiber and its preparation process containing charcoal |
| CN110669935A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-01-10 | 北京大学 | Process for multi-component separation and tailing quenching and tempering utilization of red mud |
| CN112981028A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-06-18 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Method for extracting iron element from red mud |
| CN114657303A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-06-24 | 山西建龙实业有限公司 | Method for synergistically utilizing high-iron red mud and scrap steel |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107385204A (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2017-11-24 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | A kind of system and method for electric arc furnaces processing red mud |
-
2018
- 2018-08-02 CN CN201810867408.7A patent/CN108754134A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107385204A (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2017-11-24 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | A kind of system and method for electric arc furnaces processing red mud |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110055365A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-07-26 | 东北大学 | A kind of method that calcification-carbonization iron red mud recycles iron and tailings cement |
| CN110143761A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-08-20 | 程铃釜 | A kind of high-performance fiber and its preparation process containing charcoal |
| CN110669935A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-01-10 | 北京大学 | Process for multi-component separation and tailing quenching and tempering utilization of red mud |
| CN112981028A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-06-18 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Method for extracting iron element from red mud |
| CN112981028B (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-08-31 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Method for extracting iron element from red mud |
| CN114657303A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-06-24 | 山西建龙实业有限公司 | Method for synergistically utilizing high-iron red mud and scrap steel |
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Application publication date: 20181106 |
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