CN112958272A - Method for separating dolomite from dolomite-barite lead-zinc ore - Google Patents
Method for separating dolomite from dolomite-barite lead-zinc ore Download PDFInfo
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- CN112958272A CN112958272A CN202110213738.6A CN202110213738A CN112958272A CN 112958272 A CN112958272 A CN 112958272A CN 202110213738 A CN202110213738 A CN 202110213738A CN 112958272 A CN112958272 A CN 112958272A
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- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral separation, and particularly discloses a method for separating dolomite from dolomite-barite lead-zinc ore. The method comprises the steps of crushing dolomite-barite lead-zinc ore, and screening out ore with the granularity of-20 +2 mm; the oversize fraction minerals of the ore with the granularity of-20 +2mm after ore washing enter a heavy medium cyclone for separation to obtain heavy products and light products; the heavy products and the light products are screened by adopting a screen hole vibrating screen to remove media by water respectively, the oversize products after the media removal of the heavy products are heavy minerals mainly comprising sulfide ores and barite, and the oversize products after the media removal of the light products are light minerals mainly comprising dolomite. The method provided by the invention can realize the separation of dolomite from sulphide ore under coarse grains, reduce the ore amount entering the ore grinding operation and achieve the purposes of energy conservation and consumption reduction; meanwhile, most of dolomite which is easy to be over-ground and argillized is separated in advance, and ore grinding flotation operation is not carried out, so that the problems of foam stickiness, low lead and zinc indexes and the like caused by over-ground argillization of dolomite can be solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mineral separation, in particular to a method for separating dolomite from dolomite-barite lead zinc ore at a coarse fraction.
Background
At present, when the dolomite-barite type lead-zinc ore is subjected to ore dressing separation, a direct flotation method is generally adopted for separation, and lead-zinc ore concentrate is obtained through ore dressing. The dolomite-barite lead zinc ore contains more dolomite, and generally accounts for more than 60 percent; moreover, dolomite is easy to be over-ground and argillized in ore grinding, so that foam stickiness is caused in the flotation process, the separation index of lead and zinc is seriously influenced, and the method is one of the problems of lead and zinc ore dressing at present.
Therefore, it is necessary to research the characteristics of dolomite-barite lead-zinc ore to provide a new separation method to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing the method for separating dolomite from the dolomite-barite lead-zinc ore, which can realize the separation of the dolomite from the sulfide ore under coarse grains, the separated dolomite does not enter the subsequent flotation separation flow, and the beneficiation problems that the dolomite is easy to be over-ground and become slimy, foam is caused to be sticky, the lead-zinc index is influenced and the like are fundamentally solved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for separating dolomite from dolomite-barite type lead-zinc ore grains comprises the following steps:
selectively crushing dolomite-barite type lead-zinc ore to ensure that the mass ratio content of the ore with the granularity of-20 +2mm is 60-85%, and then screening to obtain the ore with the granularity of-20 +2 mm; crushed ore with the particle size of-2 mm is used as ore grinding feed and then enters the flotation operation;
washing the ore with the granularity of-20 +2mm by adopting a 2mm sieve mesh vibrating screen, washing the ore by adopting a high-pressure water washing method, and sorting the ore in the size fraction on the sieve after washing the ore by adopting a heavy medium cyclone to respectively obtain a heavy product and a light product; concentrating undersize fine-fraction minerals obtained by ore washing to be used as ore grinding feed, and then performing flotation operation;
the heavy products and the light products are subjected to medium removal by high-pressure water by adopting a sieve mesh vibrating screen respectively, the products on the sieve after medium removal of the heavy products are concentrate, and the products on the sieve after medium removal of the light products are tailings; the concentrate is a heavy mineral with sulfide ore and barite as main components, and the tailings are light minerals with dolomite as main components.
And (3) regenerating the medium to obtain undersize products, and returning the undersize products to the dense medium cyclone for recycling, wherein the medium regeneration method adopts the conventional common method.
The concentrate obtained by the invention is used as ore grinding feed, and then enters the flotation operation for further separation to obtain lead and zinc concentrates and the like. The tailings obtained by the separation method can be used as a refractory primary material.
Preferably, the mass percentage content of dolomite in the dolomite-barite type lead-zinc ore is 60-70%.
The mass percent of the dolomite mineral in the tailings obtained by the invention is more than 91%, wherein the mass percent of CaO is more than 27%, the mass percent of MgO is more than 19%, and the tailings can be used as a refractory primary material.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the specific gravity of the dense medium suspension adopted for separation by the dense medium cyclone is 1.8-2.7, and the pressure of the cyclone is 0.9-1.5 kg/cm2。
Preferably, the heavy medium used for the heavy medium suspension is ferrosilicon powder, magnetite and/or pyrite.
In the invention, the yield of the obtained concentrate is 45-60% relative to the oversize fraction minerals after ore washing. The yield of the tailings is 40-55% relative to the oversize fraction minerals after ore washing.
The dolomite-barite type lead-zinc ore separation method is based on the specific gravity difference between dolomite (the specific gravity is 2.8-2.9) and galena (the specific gravity is 7.4-7.6), sphalerite (the specific gravity is 3.9-4.1), pyrite (the specific gravity is 4.9-5.2) and barite (the specific gravity is 4.0-4.6), the dolomite is light in specific gravity and large in specific gravity difference with other ores, and the dolomite in the dolomite-barite type lead-zinc ore is effectively separated in a coarse grain state by using a heavy medium cyclone. The dolomite is removed before the ore grinding operation of the dressing plant, so that the ore amount entering the ore grinding-flotation process can be greatly reduced, and the energy conservation and consumption reduction of the dressing plant are facilitated; meanwhile, the content of dolomite mineral entering grinding flotation is effectively reduced, so that the technical problems of foam stickiness during flotation, low flotation index and the like caused by excessive grinding and argillization of dolomite are effectively solved.
In the present invention, the crushed particle size of the dolomite-barite type lead-zinc ore is also important. The Mohs hardness of the galena in the dolomite-barite type lead-zinc ore is the lowest and is 2.5, the Mohs hardness of the dolomite is 3.5-4.0, and is close to that of sphalerite and is lower than that of pyrite (the hardness is 6.0-6.5) and the like. The lower the mohs hardness the minerals are preferentially broken up and even slimed. According to the invention, the dolomite is effectively separated in a coarse grain state by selectively crushing and grinding, namely controlling the particle size of crushed ore and combining with heavy medium cyclone separation. The invention can separate the dolomite more thoroughly, and the loss rate of lead and zinc is low. Tests prove that by adopting the method, the yield of the fraction on the sieve of the obtained tailings, namely the light minerals mainly containing dolomite, relative to the washing is more than 40 percent, namely the yield of the tailings is more than 40 percent, which shows that the dolomite in the dolomite-barite lead-zinc ore is effectively separated.
The method for separating dolomite from the dolomite-barite type lead-zinc ore coarse particles can realize the separation of the dolomite from the sulfide ore under the coarse particles, reduce the ore amount entering the ore grinding operation and achieve the purposes of energy conservation and consumption reduction; meanwhile, most of dolomite which is easy to be over-ground and argillized is separated in advance, and ore grinding flotation operation is not carried out, so that the problems of foam stickiness, low lead and zinc indexes and the like caused by over-ground argillization of dolomite can be solved.
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FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of separating dolomite from dolomite-barite type lead-zinc ore provided by the invention;
fig. 2 is a process flow chart of the bulk flotation-lead-zinc separation test conducted in experimental example 1 and experimental example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail by specific examples.
The percentages in the following examples are given by mass. In the following examples, the heavy medium suspension used was ferrosilicon powder, magnetite and/or pyrite.
Example 1
The dolomite-barite lead-zinc ore treated in this example contained 0.97% lead, 3.33% zinc, approximately 16% barite mineral and approximately 63% gangue mineral dolomite. The method for separating dolomite into coarse grains is carried out by referring to the flow shown in FIG. 1, and comprises the following steps:
s1: ore crushing
Crushing the ores to a size fraction range of-15 mm +4mm (namely less than 15mm and more than 4mm), wherein the mass ratio content of the ores with the particle size of-15 mm +4mm is 78%, and feeding the ores with the size fraction of-4 mm (less than 4mm) into a powder ore bin of a dressing plant as a feeding material of an ore grinding machine and then into flotation; and (4) feeding ores with the grain size of-15 mm +4mm into ore washing.
S2: ore washing
Ore washing is carried out on ore with the particle size of minus 15mm and 4mm by adopting a vibrating screen with 2mm screen holes and a high-pressure water washing method, the concentrated undersize fine fraction is also used as ore grinding feeding material, the oversize fraction obtained by ore washing enters a dense medium cyclone for separation, and the oversize fraction obtained by ore washing contains 0.93 percent of lead and 3.38 percent of zinc.
S3: dense medium cyclone separation
The dense medium cyclone adjusts the specific gravity of the dense medium suspension to be 2.2 and the pressure of the cyclone to be 1.2kg/cm2After the dense medium cyclone operates stably, the ore is washedAnd (3) feeding the obtained oversize fraction minerals into a heavy medium cyclone for separation to obtain heavy products and light products respectively, and then feeding the heavy products and the light products into a product medium removal unit.
S4: product medium removal
The medium removal is carried out on the heavy product and the light product respectively by adopting a vibrating screen and high-pressure water, the obtained oversize products are respectively concentrate and tailings, namely the oversize product obtained by medium removal of the heavy product is concentrate, and the oversize product obtained by medium removal of the light product is tailings.
The yield of the obtained concentrate relative to the oversize fraction minerals obtained by washing the ore is 45.40 percent, and the concentrate is a heavy mineral with sulfide ore and barite as main components; the yield of the obtained tailings relative to the oversize fraction mineral obtained by washing is 54.60%, and the tailings are light minerals mainly comprising dolomite.
The obtained indices are as follows: the lead content of the concentrate is 2.03 percent, the zinc content of the concentrate is 7.15 percent, the lead recovery rate is 95.31 percent, and the zinc recovery rate is 96.12 percent.
The tailings contain 0.08 percent of lead, 0.24 percent of zinc, 4.69 percent of lead loss rate and 3.88 percent of zinc loss rate.
The dolomite content in the tailings is 92.76%, the content of CaO is 27.82%, the content of MgO is 19.23%, and the tailings can be used as a primary refractory material after being simply processed.
Example 2
The dolomite-barite lead-zinc ore treated in this example contained 0.97% lead, 3.33% zinc, approximately 16% barite mineral and approximately 67% gangue dolomite. The method for separating dolomite into coarse grains is carried out by referring to the flow shown in FIG. 1, and comprises the following steps:
s1: ore crushing
Crushing the ore to a size fraction range of-15 +2mm, wherein the mass ratio content of the ore with the granularity of-15 +2mm is 84.5 percent, feeding the ore by using an ore mill when the size of-2 mm is 2mm, and feeding the ore to ore washing when the size fraction of-15 +2mm enters the ore washing.
S2: ore washing
Ore washing is carried out on ore with the particle size of minus 15mm and plus 2mm by adopting a vibrating screen with 2mm screen holes and a high-pressure water washing method, the concentrated undersize fine fraction is also used as ore grinding feeding material, the oversize fraction obtained by ore washing enters a dense medium cyclone for separation, and the oversize fraction obtained by ore washing contains 0.96 percent of lead and 3.36 percent of zinc.
S3: dense medium cyclone separation
The dense medium cyclone adjusts the specific gravity of the dense medium suspension to 2.7 and the pressure of the cyclone to 0.9kg/cm2After the heavy medium cyclone operates stably, oversize size fractions obtained by ore washing are fed into the heavy medium cyclone for separation to respectively obtain heavy products and light products, and then the heavy products and the light products enter the product medium removal.
S4: product medium removal
The heavy product and the light product are subjected to medium removal by adopting a vibrating screen and high-pressure water respectively, the oversize products are concentrate and tailings respectively, the oversize grain fraction yield obtained by ore washing of the concentrate is 58.44 percent, and the concentrate is a heavy mineral mainly comprising sulfide ore and barite; the yield of the oversize fraction of the tailings obtained by relative washing is 41.56 percent, and the tailings are light minerals mainly comprising dolomite.
The following indices were obtained: the lead content of the concentrate is 1.62 percent, the zinc content of the concentrate is 5.62 percent, the lead recovery rate is 97.78 percent, and the zinc recovery rate is 94.39 percent.
The tailings contain 0.04 percent of lead, 0.18 percent of zinc, 1.88 percent of lead loss rate and 2.22 percent of zinc loss rate.
The dolomite content in the tailings is 93.81%, the content of CaO is 28.14%, the content of MgO is 19.45%, and the tailings can be used as a primary refractory material after being simply processed.
Example 3
The dolomite-barite lead-zinc ore treated in this example contained 0.97% lead and 3.33% zinc, the mineral content of barite was about 16%, and the mineral content of gangue dolomite was about 67%. The method for separating dolomite into coarse grains is carried out by referring to the flow shown in FIG. 1, and comprises the following steps:
s1: ore crushing
Crushing the ore to a size fraction range of-20 +2mm, wherein the mass ratio content of the ore with the granularity of-20 +2mm is 84.9 percent, feeding the ore by an ore mill when the size of-2 mm is 2mm, and feeding the ore to ore washing when the size fraction of-20 +2mm enters into the ore washing.
S2: ore washing
Ore of minus 20 and plus 2mm is washed by adopting a vibrating screen with 2mm screen holes and a high-pressure water washing method, the fine fraction below the screen is also used as ore grinding feed after being concentrated, the oversize fraction obtained by ore washing enters a dense medium cyclone for separation, and the oversize fraction obtained by ore washing contains 0.91 percent of lead and 3.35 percent of zinc.
S3: dense medium cyclone separation
The dense medium cyclone adjusts the specific gravity of the dense medium suspension to 1.8 and the pressure of the cyclone to 1.5kg/cm2After the heavy medium cyclone operates stably, oversize size fractions obtained by ore washing are fed into the heavy medium cyclone for separation to respectively obtain heavy products and light products, and then the heavy products and the light products enter the product medium removal.
S4: product medium removal
The heavy product and the light product are subjected to medium removal by adopting a vibrating screen and high-pressure water respectively, the oversize products are concentrate and tailings respectively, the oversize fraction yield obtained by ore washing of the concentrate is 51.50%, and the concentrate is a heavy mineral with sulfide ore and barite as main components; the yield of the oversize fraction of the tailings relative to the washing is 48.50%, and the tailings are light minerals mainly comprising dolomite.
The following indices were obtained: the lead content of the concentrate is 1.73 percent, the zinc content of the concentrate is 6.34 percent, the lead recovery rate is 98.03 percent, and the zinc recovery rate is 97.39 percent.
The tailings contain 0.04 percent of lead, 0.18 percent of zinc, 1.97 percent of lead loss rate and 2.61 percent of zinc loss rate.
The dolomite content in the tailings is 93.21%, the content of CaO is 27.95%, the content of MgO is 19.32%, and the tailings can be used as a primary refractory material after being simply processed.
Example 4
The dolomite-barite lead-zinc ore treated in this example contained 0.97% lead, 3.33% zinc, about 16% barite mineral content and about 67% gangue dolomite mineral content. The method for separating dolomite into coarse grains is carried out by referring to the flow shown in FIG. 1, and comprises the following steps:
s1: ore crushing
Crushing the ore to a size fraction of-15 +4mm, wherein the mass ratio content of the ore with the granularity of-15 +4mm is 78%, feeding the ore by using a grinding machine with the size of-4 mm, and feeding the ore to a washing machine with the size fraction of-15 mm +4 mm.
S2: ore washing
Ore washing is carried out on ore with the particle size of minus 15mm and 4mm by adopting a vibrating screen with 2mm screen holes and a high-pressure water washing method, the fine fraction below the screen is concentrated and then is used as ore grinding feed, the oversize fraction obtained by ore washing enters a dense medium cyclone for separation, and the oversize fraction obtained by ore washing contains 0.93 percent of lead and 3.38 percent of zinc.
S3: dense medium cyclone separation
The gravity medium cyclone is used for regulating the specific gravity of magnetite suspension to 2.4 and the pressure of the cyclone to 1.5kg/cm2After the heavy medium cyclone operates stably, oversize size fractions obtained by ore washing are fed into the heavy medium cyclone for separation to respectively obtain heavy products and light products, and then the heavy products and the light products enter the product medium removal.
S4: product medium removal
The heavy product is subjected to medium removal, screening and medium removal and high-pressure water washing to obtain concentrate, the yield of the oversize fraction obtained by relative ore washing is 52.22%, and the concentrate is a heavy mineral mainly comprising sulfide ore and barite; the light product is treated by medium removal, medium removal and high-pressure water washing to obtain the tailings, and the yield of the oversize fraction obtained by relative ore washing is 47.78 percent, and the light product is a light mineral with dolomite as the main component.
The following indices were obtained: the lead content of the concentrate is 1.75 percent, the zinc content of the concentrate is 6.25 percent, the lead recovery rate is 97.31 percent, and the zinc recovery rate is 97.13 percent.
The tailings contain 0.05 percent of lead, 0.20 percent of zinc, 2.69 percent of lead loss rate and 2.87 percent of zinc loss rate.
The dolomite content in the tailings is 93.11%, the content of CaO is 27.93%, the content of MgO is 19.30%, and the tailings can be used as a primary refractory material after being simply processed.
Comparative example 1
The dolomite-barite lead-zinc ore treated in this comparative example contained 0.97% lead and 3.33% zinc, the mineral content of barite was about 16%, and the mineral content of gangue dolomite was about 67%. The comparative example process comprises the following steps:
s1: ore crushing
Crushing the ore to a size fraction of-25 +4mm, wherein the mass ratio content of the ore with the granularity of-25 +4mm is 77%, feeding the ore with the size of-4 mm as an ore mill, and feeding the ore with the size fraction of-25 +4mm into ore washing.
S2: ore washing
Ore of minus 20 and plus 2mm is washed by adopting a vibrating screen with 2mm screen holes and a high-pressure water washing method, the fine fraction below the screen is concentrated and then is used as ore grinding feed, and the oversize fraction obtained by washing the ore enters a dense medium cyclone for separation, wherein the lead content is 0.87 percent and the zinc content is 3.21 percent.
S3: dense medium cyclone separation
The dense medium cyclone adjusts the specific gravity of the dense medium suspension to 1.8 and the pressure of the cyclone to 1.5kg/cm2And after the heavy medium cyclone operates stably, feeding the oversize fraction obtained by ore washing into the heavy medium cyclone for separation, wherein the ore fraction is increased to 25mm, so that an ore discharge port at a heavy ore end is blocked.
Comparative example 2
The dolomite-barite lead-zinc ore treated in this comparative example contained 0.97% lead and 3.33% zinc, the mineral content of barite was about 16%, and the mineral content of gangue dolomite was about 67%. The comparative example process comprises the following steps:
s1: ore crushing
Crushing the ore to a size fraction of-4 +2mm, wherein the mass ratio content of the ore with the granularity of-4 +2mm is 65%, feeding the ore by an ore mill with the size of-2 mm, and feeding the ore to a washing machine with the size fraction of-4 +2 mm.
S2: ore washing
Ore of-4 +2mm is washed by adopting a vibrating screen with 2mm screen holes and a high-pressure water washing method, the undersize fraction is also used as ore grinding feed after being concentrated, and the oversize fraction obtained by ore washing enters a dense medium cyclone for separation, wherein the oversize fraction contains 1.07 percent of lead and 3.44 percent of zinc.
S3: dense medium cyclone separation
The dense medium cyclone adjusts the specific gravity of the dense medium suspension to 2.7 and the pressure of the cyclone to 0.9kg/cm2After the heavy medium cyclone operates stably, oversize size fractions obtained by ore washing are fed into the heavy medium cyclone for separation to respectively obtain heavy products and light products, and then the heavy products and the light products enter the product medium removal.
S4: product medium removal
The heavy product and the light product are subjected to medium removal by adopting a vibrating screen and high-pressure water respectively, the oversize products are concentrate and tailings respectively, the oversize grain fraction yield obtained by ore washing of the concentrate is 63.74%, and the concentrate is a heavy mineral mainly comprising sulfide ore and barite; the yield of the tailings relative to the oversize fraction obtained by washing is 36.26%, and the tailings are light minerals with dolomite as the main component, but the yield of the tailings is less than 40%.
The following indices were obtained: the lead content of the concentrate is 1.65 percent, the zinc content of the concentrate is 5.19 percent, the lead recovery rate is 98.34 percent, and the zinc recovery rate is 96.31 percent.
The tailings contain 0.049 percent of lead, 0.35 percent of zinc, 1.66 percent of lead loss rate and 3.69 percent of zinc loss rate. The loss rate of zinc is more than 3.5 percent.
Comparative example 3
The dolomite-barite lead-zinc ore treated in this comparative example had 0.97% lead and 3.33% zinc, a barite mineral content of about 16%, and a gangue mineral dolomite content of about 63%. The comparative example process comprises the following steps:
s1: ore crushing
Crushing the ores to a size fraction range of-15 mm +4mm (namely less than 15mm and more than 4mm), wherein the mass ratio content of the ores with the particle size of-15 mm +4mm is 79 percent, and feeding the ores with the size fraction of-4 mm (less than 4mm) into a powder ore bin of a dressing plant as a feeding material of an ore grinding machine and then into flotation; and (4) feeding ores with the grain size of-15 mm +4mm into ore washing.
S2: ore washing
Ore washing is carried out on ore with the diameter of minus 15mm and 4mm by adopting a vibrating screen with 2mm screen holes and a high-pressure water washing method, the concentrated undersize fraction is also used as ore grinding feeding material, and the oversize fraction obtained by ore washing enters a dense medium cyclone for separation, wherein the lead content is 0.93 percent and the zinc content is 3.38 percent.
S3: dense medium cyclone separation
The dense medium cyclone adjusts the specific gravity of the dense medium suspension to 1.7 and the pressure of the cyclone to 1.2kg/cm2After the heavy medium cyclone operates stably, the oversize fraction minerals obtained by ore washing are fed into the heavy medium cyclone for separation to respectively obtain heavy products and light products, and then the heavy products and the light products enter the product medium removal.
S4: product medium removal
The medium removal is carried out on the heavy product and the light product respectively by adopting a vibrating screen and high-pressure water, the obtained oversize products are respectively concentrate and tailings, namely the oversize product obtained by medium removal of the heavy product is concentrate, and the oversize product obtained by medium removal of the light product is tailings.
The yield of the obtained concentrate relative to the oversize fraction minerals obtained by washing the ore is 61.41 percent, and the concentrate is a heavy mineral with sulfide ore and barite as main components; the yield of the obtained tailings is 38.59% relative to the yield of oversize fraction minerals obtained by washing, the tailings are light minerals with dolomite as the main component, and the yield of the tailings is less than 40%.
The obtained indices are as follows: the lead content of the concentrate is 1.48 percent, the zinc content of the concentrate is 5.38 percent, the lead recovery rate is 97.73 percent, and the zinc recovery rate is 97.69 percent.
The tailings contain 0.05 percent of lead, 0.20 percent of zinc, 2.27 percent of lead loss rate and 2.31 percent of zinc loss rate.
Comparative example 4
The dolomite-barite lead-zinc ore treated in this comparative example had 0.97% lead and 3.33% zinc, a barite mineral content of about 16%, and a gangue mineral dolomite content of about 63%. The comparative example process comprises the following steps:
s1: ore crushing
Crushing the ores to a size fraction range of-15 mm +4mm (namely less than 15mm and more than 4mm), wherein the mass ratio content of the ores with the particle size of-15 mm +4mm is 83 percent, and feeding the ores with the size fraction of-4 mm (less than 4mm) into a powder ore bin of a dressing plant as a feeding material of an ore grinding machine and then into flotation; and (4) feeding ores with the grain size of-15 mm +4mm into ore washing.
S2: ore washing
Ore washing is carried out on ore with the diameter of minus 15mm and 4mm by adopting a vibrating screen with 2mm screen holes and a high-pressure water washing method, the concentrated undersize fraction is also used as ore grinding feeding material, and the oversize fraction obtained by ore washing enters a dense medium cyclone for separation, wherein the lead content is 0.93 percent and the zinc content is 3.38 percent.
S3: dense medium cyclone separation
The dense medium cyclone adjusts the specific gravity of the dense medium suspension to 1.7 and the pressure of the cyclone to 1.9kg/cm2The dense medium suspension overflows the cyclone hopper and does not meet the basic separation requirement.
Comparative example 5
The dolomite-barite lead-zinc ore treated in this comparative example had 0.97% lead and 3.33% zinc, a barite mineral content of about 16%, and a gangue mineral dolomite content of about 63%. The comparative example process comprises the following steps:
s1: ore crushing
Crushing the ores to a size fraction range of-15 mm +4mm (namely less than 15mm and more than 4mm), wherein the mass ratio content of the ores with the particle size of-15 mm +4mm is 82 percent, and feeding the ores with the size fraction of-4 mm (less than 4mm) into a powder ore bin of a dressing plant as a feeding material of an ore grinding machine and then into flotation; and (4) feeding ores with the grain size of-15 mm +4mm into ore washing.
S2: ore washing
Ore washing is carried out on ore with the diameter of minus 15mm and 4mm by adopting a vibrating screen with 2mm screen holes and a high-pressure water washing method, the concentrated undersize fraction is also used as ore grinding feeding material, and the oversize fraction obtained by ore washing enters a dense medium cyclone for separation, wherein the lead content is 0.93 percent and the zinc content is 3.38 percent.
S3: dense medium cyclone separation
The dense medium cyclone adjusts the specific gravity of the dense medium suspension to be 2.2 and the pressure of the cyclone to be 0.7kg/cm2After the heavy medium cyclone operates stably, the oversize fraction minerals obtained by ore washing are fed into the heavy medium cyclone for separation to respectively obtain heavy products and light products, and then the heavy products and the light products enter the product medium removal.
S4: product medium removal
The medium removal is carried out on the heavy product and the light product respectively by adopting a vibrating screen and high-pressure water, the obtained oversize products are respectively concentrate and tailings, namely the oversize product obtained by medium removal of the heavy product is concentrate, and the oversize product obtained by medium removal of the light product is tailings.
The yield of the obtained concentrate relative to the oversize fraction minerals obtained by washing the ore is 65.70 percent, and the concentrate is a heavy mineral with sulfide ore and barite as main components; the yield of the obtained tailings is 34.30 percent relative to the yield of oversize fraction minerals obtained by washing, the tailings are light minerals mainly comprising dolomite, and the yield of the tailings is less than 40 percent.
The obtained indices are as follows: the lead content of the concentrate is 1.39%, the zinc content of the concentrate is 5.03%, the lead recovery rate is 98.51%, and the zinc recovery rate is 97.90%.
The tailings contain 0.04% of lead, 0.21% of zinc, 1.49% of lead loss rate and 2.10% of zinc loss rate.
Experimental example 1
The flotation feed in the experimental example adopts a mixed material consisting of the following minerals:
in the embodiment 1 of the present invention, the resin,
step S1, grinding the ore with the size fraction of-4 mm (less than 4mm) by an ore grinder;
step S2, fine fraction concentrated and ground minerals are sieved; and
and step S4, removing medium from the heavy product to obtain a mixed material consisting of concentrate.
The flotation feed contains 1.70% of lead and 6.24% of zinc, and a mixed flotation-lead-zinc separation test is carried out according to the flow shown in figure 2, and the obtained lead-zinc flotation indexes are as follows:
the lead concentrate grade is 52.02%, the zinc content is 7.32%, and the recovery rate of flotation feed is 58.93%; the zinc grade of the zinc concentrate is 50.35 percent, and the recovery rate is 91.02 percent.
Experimental example 2
In this experimental example, flotation was carried out directly using the dolomite-barite type lead-zinc ore of example 1, and the flotation test was carried out in the same manner as the flow shown in FIG. 2.
The flotation feed contains 0.97 percent of lead and 3.33 percent of zinc, and the obtained lead-zinc flotation indexes are as follows: lead concentrate grade is 49.86%, zinc content is 5.63%, and recovery rate of raw ore is 54.62%; the grade of the zinc concentrate is 46.05 percent, the lead content is 1.48 percent, and the recovery rate is 89.07 percent.
The comparison between the experimental example 1 and the experimental example 2 shows that the flotation index of lead and zinc can be improved by separating most of dolomite in advance and then performing flotation, and the grade of lead concentrate, the lead recovery rate, the grade of zinc concentrate and the zinc recovery rate are obviously improved.
In addition, the amount of dolomite entering the flotation in the experimental example 1 is obviously reduced, the flotation process is stable and controllable, and the problems of foam stickiness and the like are avoided.
Claims (6)
1. A method for separating dolomite from dolomite-barite type lead-zinc ore is characterized by comprising the following steps:
crushing dolomite-barite lead-zinc ore to ensure that the mass ratio content of the ore with the granularity of-20 +2mm is 60-85%, and then screening to obtain the ore with the granularity of-20 +2 mm;
washing the ore with the granularity of-20 +2mm by adopting a 2mm sieve mesh vibrating screen, and sorting the ore in the size fraction on the sieve after washing by using a heavy medium cyclone to obtain a heavy product and a light product respectively;
the heavy products and the light products are subjected to medium removal by using water respectively through a sieve mesh vibrating screen, the products on the sieve after medium removal of the heavy products are concentrate, and the products on the sieve after medium removal of the light products are tailings; the concentrate is a heavy mineral with sulfide ore and barite as main components, and the tailings are light minerals with dolomite as main components;
and the concentrate is used for flotation to obtain lead concentrate and zinc concentrate.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the dolomite-barite lead-zinc ore contains 60 to 70% by mass of dolomite.
3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the gangue contains dolomite minerals in an amount > 91% by mass, CaO in an amount > 27% by mass and MgO in an amount > 19% by mass, and the gangue is used as a refractory primary material.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the specific gravity of the dense medium suspension adopted by the heavy medium cyclone for separation is 1.8-2.7, and the pressure of the cyclone is 0.9-1.5 kg/cm2。
5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the heavy medium used for the suspension is ferrosilicon powder, magnetite and/or pyrite.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the yield of the ore concentrate relative to oversize fraction minerals after ore washing is 45-60%; and/or the yield of the tailings is 40-55% relative to the oversize fraction minerals after ore washing.
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