Direct-discharge vacuum sterilization box for sterilization of precision instruments
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sterilization devices, in particular to a direct-discharge vacuum sterilization box for precise instrument sterilization.
Background
With the increase of population and the development of urbanization, the population density of the world is greatly improved. The potential broad spread and contamination of various bacteria is a significant challenge to today's public health care industry. In addition, with the rapid development of public health care industry, various sophisticated instruments and devices are being widely used in disease diagnosis and treatment places such as hospitals and clinics. In the fields of pharmacy, food, light industry and the like, disinfection and sterilization of specific articles or products are often required. The above situation puts higher demands on sterilization, disinfection and other aseptic technologies.
Facing the challenge of how to rapidly and effectively sterilize bacteria, a variety of methods have been proposed and used for treatment. Generally, sterilization methods can be classified into three major categories, physical methods, chemical methods and biological methods: 1) the physical method comprises a thermal method and a non-thermal method, the physical sterilization method can accurately control the dosage, and the sterilization is stably carried out on the premise of not polluting the natural environment; 2) the chemical method inactivates bacteria by exerting the synergistic effect of the disinfectant, has strong sterilizing capability, wide application range, convenient use and no need of special equipment; 3) the biological disinfection method is a disinfection method for killing or removing pathogenic microorganisms in the external environment by utilizing animals, plants, microorganisms and metabolites thereof, and is mainly used for disinfection treatment of the surfaces of water, soil and organisms.
Although the traditional sterilization method has reliable sterilization effect and wide application range, the treatment methods have obvious defects aiming at more precise instruments and mainly comprise the following three aspects: 1) the wet and hot method in the physical method is the most widely used sterilization method at present, but the method is mainly used for sterilizing heat-resistant and moisture-resistant articles and is not suitable for articles which are not high-heat-resistant and moisture-resistant, such as syringes, cotton fabrics and the like; 2) the dry heat method has the defects of high sterilization temperature and action time, easy damage to articles, uneven temperature, possibility of polluting sterilized articles by circulating dry hot air and the like; 3) chemical methods all suffer from various disadvantages including toxicity, irritation, corrosiveness and instability.
Among the numerous sterilization techniques, the low temperature plasma technique stands out. The technology has the advantages of reliable sterilization effect, quick action, cleanness without residue and the like, and is applied to sterilization in a plurality of fields at present.
The low-temperature plasma is generated after various physical and chemical reactions occur in the generation process: electromagnetic fields, heat, ultraviolet light, charged particles, excited particles, metastable particles, and the like. The active components contain high energy potential enough to destroy chemical bonds, can start a series of physical and chemical reactions, and can interact with structures such as microorganisms and human cells to cause cell level effects such as inactivation and structural damage. Wherein, ultraviolet ray can kill cells by mechanisms such as direct radiation and damage cell macromolecules (protein, DNA and the like); the active oxygen-containing group can directly destroy the cell structure from the outside and penetrate into the cell to generate oxidation effect, and the active nitrogen-containing group can induce the generation of the active oxygen-containing group in the organism. When the oxidation pressure in microorganisms and human cells is too high, the cell structure can be completely collapsed; the synergistic effect of the charged particles and the electric field also contributes to the inactivation of bacteria.
Developers have developed a variety of sterilization devices for different sterilization needs. The existing apparatuses may be classified into a high pressure steam sterilization apparatus, an ultrasonic ultraviolet sterilization apparatus, and a plasma source according to sterilization methods.
1) The high-pressure steam sterilizing device is mainly used for sterilizing heat-resistant and moisture-resistant articles, such as medicines and aqueous solutions thereof, glass, porcelain and metal products, rubber plugs, membrane filters, cotton fabrics and the like. Since the steam penetration is enhanced under a higher pressure, the sterilization effect can be greatly improved by increasing the temperature. As shown in the devices disclosed in the patents CN111888491A, CN211863372U and CN211797795U, the steam sterilizer can satisfy the effective sterilization of most medical instruments.
2) The ultrasonic method is used for sterilization by using a high-frequency and high-intensity ultrasonic wave source with sterilization value, and the microwave method and the ultraviolet method are used for sterilization by using the penetrability of electromagnetic waves and light waves, so that the sterilization effect with low temperature, low energy consumption, rapidness and no selectivity is realized. As disclosed in CN211272540U, CN208462861U and other patents, the sterilization device can effectively inactivate bacteria by combining ultrasonic wave and microwave with ultraviolet lamp.
3) The plasma method performs sterilization through the synergistic effect of physical and chemical reactions such as electromagnetic field, heat, ultraviolet rays, charged particles, excited-state particles, metastable-state particles and the like, and has the advantages of reliable sterilization effect, quick effect, cleanness without residue and the like. Patent CN211587653U discloses a hydrogen peroxide low-temperature plasma sterilization device, which utilizes the strong oxidation of hydrogen peroxide reagent in combination with the plasma recombination to effectively sterilize instruments. The plasma sterilizing and disinfecting cabinets disclosed in patents CN210932886U and CN211214540U use a gas flow module and an atomization module to blow plasma to the surface of an object to be treated for sterilization.
The disadvantages of the above sterilization apparatus are as follows:
1) the autoclaving method is the most common sterilization method in the medical instrument sterilization, but with the appearance of more and more heat-sensitive materials, the single autoclaving method cannot meet the needs of people, and the surface of part of advanced precise medical equipment is irreversibly damaged due to the action of water vapor, high temperature, high pressure and the like, so that the service life of the equipment is shortened.
2) The radiation methods such as ultraviolet radiation, electron beam radiation and the like have the defects of poor penetrating power, extremely easy occurrence of the phenomenon of light reactivation, easy breakage of cell DNA molecules, cell mutation and the like. And requires a large investment and specialized equipment to generate the radiation. In addition, radiation therapy requires safety precautions to be performed in strict compliance with the standard dose.
3) For the chemical agent method, the medical disinfectant solution is 75% alcohol, hydrogen peroxide and iodophor, and the chemical disinfectant such as ozone, sodium hypochlorite and chlorine is adopted in life. Research shows that the chemical substances and the byproducts thereof have irritation, and the residue of the chemical agents can pose certain threat to human health.
4) Most of the existing plasma sources are combined with strong oxidizing agents such as hydrogen peroxide for sterilization, certain chemical residues exist, and the strong oxidizing agents can influence the service life of equipment. In addition, the existing plasma source has the defects of needing an additional airflow module and an atomization module, being more complicated in operation process, not ideal in treatment uniformity degree and the like.
In summary, aiming at the sterilization requirement of precision instruments, and combining the advantages of the atmospheric pressure low temperature plasma biomedical application, it is an urgent need of those skilled in the art to provide a direct discharge type vacuum sterilization device for sterilizing precision instruments.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a direct-discharge vacuum sterilization box for precise instrument sterilization, which solves the problems in the prior art, does not use chemical reagents or an additional airflow module and an atomization module, can quickly, flexibly and efficiently inactivate bacteria, does not influence the service life of instruments, and has better economical efficiency and safety.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a direct-discharge vacuum sterilization box for precise instrument sterilization, which comprises a box body, a vacuum sterilization treatment bin, a vacuum pump, a control panel, a power switch and a frequency adjusting knob, wherein the vacuum sterilization treatment bin and the vacuum pump are arranged on one side of the box body; the other side of the box body is provided with the control panel, the power switch and the frequency adjusting knob; the vacuum sterilization treatment bin comprises a bin chamber wall, a low-voltage electrode plate, a low-voltage connecting wire ball, a high-voltage electrode plate and a high-voltage connecting wire ball; the low-voltage electrode plate is arranged at the top of the high-voltage electrode plate, a plasma processing area is formed between the low-voltage electrode plate and the high-voltage electrode plate, and the low-voltage electrode plate and the high-voltage electrode plate are respectively connected with the low-voltage wiring ball through low-voltage leads and connected to the low-voltage end of the power module; the low-voltage electrode plate and the high-voltage electrode plate are respectively connected with the high-voltage wiring ball through high-voltage wires and connected to the high-voltage end of the power module, and a power wiring port connected with a power supply is arranged on the box body.
Preferably, an observation window is arranged on a bin door of the vacuum sterilization treatment bin, and a mechanical lock is further arranged between the bin door and the box body.
Preferably, the low-voltage electrode plate and the high-voltage electrode plate have the same structure and are respectively composed of an upper dielectric plate, an electrode plate and a lower dielectric plate which are arranged from top to bottom at one time, the upper dielectric plate and the lower dielectric plate are made of pressure-resistant glass, the electrode plate is made of stainless steel, and the upper dielectric plate, the electrode plate and the lower dielectric plate are always kept parallel to each other and are tightly bonded through glass cement.
Preferably, wire grooves are vertically arranged on the chamber wall at two sides of the ion processing area.
Preferably, a rotatable mechanical arm or a rotatable test tube rack is further arranged in the vacuum sterilization treatment bin.
Preferably, an emergency stop button is further disposed on the box body.
Preferably, the side wall of the side of the box body, which is provided with the control panel, is provided with heat dissipation holes.
Preferably, a handle is arranged at the top of the box body.
Preferably, the case is made of stainless steel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1) the direct-discharge vacuum sterilization box for precise instrument sterilization provided by the invention inactivates bacteria on the instrument by using the atmospheric pressure low-temperature plasma, so as to inhibit and eliminate the bacteria and enable the instrument to reach the quality standard; by adopting the atmospheric pressure low-temperature plasma biomedical technology, large-area low-temperature plasma can be generated in a vacuum environment without consuming any inert gas or using any chemical reagent, so that the safety of equipment sterilization is improved, and the volume of the equipment is also reduced.
2) Aiming at the sterilization requirement of precision instruments, a vacuum sterilization treatment bin is designed, and the plasma sterilization effect is better. The device does not need an additional airflow module and an atomization module, does not add a strong oxidant, and generates atmospheric pressure low-temperature plasma with uniform discharge and adjustable strength in a closed vacuum environment, thereby killing bacteria on instruments.
3) The high-frequency driving control technology is fused, the high-frequency high-voltage power supply with high power density is designed, the size of equipment is reduced, and the rapidity and uniformity of plasma generation are improved. The emergency stop button is provided, so that the safety of the device is guaranteed.
4) The device is provided with the control panel and the observation window, so that the human-computer interaction capability of the device is improved. A user can conveniently and quickly observe the processing process and information such as voltage, current, power frequency and the like of the equipment during processing, so that the processing power and effect of the equipment can be known; by adding the control panel, the man-machine interaction capability of the equipment is optimized, a user can conveniently know the running state and data of the device in real time, and the sterilization effect of the equipment can be known in real time by displaying the processing power and the discharging effect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a front view of an inline type vacuum sterilization chamber for sterilization of precision instruments according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the inline vacuum sterilization chamber for sterilization of precision instruments according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the vacuum sterilization treatment chamber according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structures of the low voltage electrode plate and the high voltage electrode plate in the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the vacuum sterilization treatment chamber according to the present invention, wherein a mechanical wall and a test tube rack are disposed;
FIG. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram and wiring diagram of the power module;
in the figure: 1-box body, 2-vacuum sterilization treatment cabin, 3-vacuum pump, 4-handle, 5-control panel, 6-mechanical lock, 7-emergency stop button, 8-power switch, 9-frequency adjusting knob, 10-heat dissipation hole, 11-power wiring port, 12-observation window, 101-charging 220V commercial power, 102-bridge inverter circuit, 103-high voltage high frequency transformer, 104-reactor module, 105-frequency/amplitude control circuit, 201-chamber wall, 202-low voltage electrode plate, 203-low voltage line ball, 204-high voltage electrode plate, 205-high voltage line ball, 206-mechanical arm, 207-wire groove, 208-test tube rack, 211-upper dielectric plate, 212-electrode plate, 213-lower dielectric plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a direct-discharge type vacuum sterilization box for precise instrument sterilization, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
The direct-exhaust vacuum sterilization box for precise instrument sterilization in the embodiment comprises a box body 1, a vacuum sterilization treatment bin 2, a vacuum pump 3, a control panel 5, a power switch 8, a frequency adjusting knob 9 and an emergency stop button 7, wherein the vacuum sterilization treatment bin 2 and the vacuum pump 3 are arranged on one side of the box body 1, the vacuum pump 3 is arranged at the bottom of the vacuum sterilization treatment bin 2, and the vacuum pump 3 is used for adjusting the vacuum degree of the vacuum sterilization treatment bin 2 to a corresponding vacuum degree; the other side of the box body 1 is provided with a control panel 5, a power switch 8, a frequency adjusting knob 9 and an emergency stop button 7; the vacuum sterilization treatment bin 2 comprises a bin chamber wall 201, a low-voltage electrode plate 202, a low-voltage wiring ball 203, a high-voltage electrode plate 204 and a high-voltage wiring ball 205; the low-voltage electrode plate 202 is arranged at the top of the high-voltage electrode plate 204, a plasma processing area is formed between the low-voltage electrode plate 202 and the high-voltage electrode plate 204, wire grooves 207 are vertically arranged on the bin walls 201 on two sides of the plasma processing area, each grid of the height of each wire groove 207 is 10mm, the minimum distance is 10mm, the maximum distance is 30mm, and the low-voltage electrode plate can be flexibly adjusted according to the appearance size of an object to be processed and is used for meeting the objects to be processed with different height requirements; the low-voltage electrode plate 202 and the high-voltage electrode plate 204 are respectively connected with the low-voltage connecting wire ball 203 through low-voltage leads and connected to the low-voltage end of the power module; the low-voltage electrode plate 202 and the high-voltage electrode plate 204 are respectively connected with a high-voltage connecting wire ball 205 through a high-voltage lead and connected to a high-voltage end of the power module, and a power source wiring port 11 connected with a power source is arranged on the box body 1.
In this embodiment, the door of the vacuum sterilization treatment chamber 2 is provided with an observation window 12, and a mechanical lock 6 is provided between the door and the chamber body 1.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the low voltage electrode plate 202 and the high voltage electrode plate 204 have the same structure, and are composed of an upper dielectric plate 211, an electrode plate, and a lower dielectric plate 213, which are disposed from top to bottom at a time, the upper dielectric plate 211 and the lower dielectric plate 213 are made of pressure-resistant glass, the electrode plate is made of stainless steel, the upper dielectric plate 211, the electrode plate, and the lower dielectric plate 213 are always parallel to each other and tightly bonded by glass cement, thereby effectively ensuring the stability of the electrode structure.
In this embodiment, a rotatable mechanical arm 206 or a rotatable test tube rack 208 is further disposed in the vacuum sterilization processing chamber 2, the mechanical arm 206 is a detachable rotatable mechanical arm 206, and can place the object to be processed at the object holding clamp at the front end of the mechanical arm 206, and when the device is operated, the mechanical arm 206 can rotate 360 degrees in the plasma region, so that the object to be processed is sufficiently contacted with the plasma, thereby achieving a better sterilization effect. When the object to be treated is a test tube cavity type product, the device is provided with a rotatable test tube rack 208, the test tube product can be uniformly placed into the test tube rack 208 and then placed into a sterilization bin, the test tube rack 208 can rotate in a clockwise mode at a constant speed during sterilization, so that the test tube product can be fully contacted with plasma, and a better sterilization effect is achieved, as shown in fig. 5.
In this embodiment, the side wall of the case 1 on the side where the control panel 5 is disposed is provided with heat dissipation holes 10; the top of the box body 1 is provided with a handle 4; the case 1 is made of stainless steel.
Fig. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram and a wiring diagram of the power module. The power module is composed of 220V commercial power 101, a bridge inverter circuit 102 and a high-voltage high-frequency transformer 103, wherein the bridge inverter circuit 102 comprises a frequency/amplitude control circuit 105. When the power supply works, 220V mains supply 101 supplies power, and the power is converted into high-voltage power with the central frequency of 10kHz and the voltage of more than 10kV through the bridge type inverter circuit 102 and the high-voltage high-frequency transformer 103, and the high-voltage power is supplied to the reactor module. The power module is respectively controlled by a power switch 8, a frequency adjusting knob 9 and an emergency stop button 7, and the frequency adjusting knob 9 is connected with a frequency/amplitude control circuit 105. The reactor module comprises a control panel 5, a vacuum pump 3 and a vacuum sterilization treatment bin 2. When the vacuum sterilization treatment chamber normally works, the control panel 5 can display the discharge current voltage waveform, the power supply working frequency, the vacuum degree of the vacuum sterilization treatment chamber and other information.
During normal work, firstly, the mechanical lock 6 is closed, the power switch 8 is pressed, the vacuum pump 3 starts to work, the vacuum degree of the vacuum sterilization treatment chamber 2 is waited to reach the pressure range of 1500 and 2000pa, and the working state of the vacuum sterilization treatment chamber 2 can be controlled by adjusting the frequency adjusting knob 9. The sterilization state in the treatment chamber can be observed through the observation window 12, and the current and voltage waveform during discharge and the chamber vacuum degree and other information can be observed through the control panel 5. The discharge power of the direct-discharge type vacuum sterilization box is 200W. The vacuum sterilization treatment bin 2 forms a closed treatment space, which can effectively avoid the dissipation of active ingredients, thereby ensuring the sterilization effect of active particles on the articles to be treated.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying specific examples, and the description of the above examples is only used for helping understanding the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In summary, this summary should not be construed to limit the present invention.