CN111107707A - A corona sterilization device powered by a battery - Google Patents
A corona sterilization device powered by a battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN111107707A CN111107707A CN201911412697.2A CN201911412697A CN111107707A CN 111107707 A CN111107707 A CN 111107707A CN 201911412697 A CN201911412697 A CN 201911412697A CN 111107707 A CN111107707 A CN 111107707A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
- A61L2/08—Radiation
- A61L2/10—Ultraviolet radiation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
- A61L2/14—Plasma, i.e. ionised gases
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
- H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
- H05H1/36—Circuit arrangements
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种蓄电池供电的电晕灭菌装置，包括电源系统单元、空气输送单元以及电晕放电单元；所述电源系统单元包括蓄电池模块、电源电路；所述空气输送单元包括气泵；所述电晕放电单元采用针网式直流正负电晕放电；所述蓄电池模块一方面为气泵供电使气泵工作，另一方面通过电源电路，最后输出千伏级的直流高压给电晕放电单元，电晕放电单元将气泵泵出的空气完成电晕放电，产生低温等离子体，输出灭菌装置对菌种进行灭活处理。本发明克服了目前大多等离子体产生设备体积庞大、功率消耗高等缺点，只需在正常大气压条件下、不需要外接惰性气体即可实现灭菌。设备体积小、易携带、效能好，可广泛应用于杀菌消毒的多种场合。
The invention discloses a corona sterilization device powered by a battery, comprising a power supply system unit, an air conveying unit and a corona discharge unit; the power supply system unit includes a storage battery module and a power supply circuit; the air conveying unit includes an air pump; The corona discharge unit adopts pin-net-type direct current positive and negative corona discharge; on the one hand, the battery module supplies power to the air pump to make the air pump work, and on the other hand, through the power circuit, finally outputs a kilovolt-level direct current high voltage to the corona discharge unit, The corona discharge unit completes the corona discharge of the air pumped by the air pump, generates low-temperature plasma, and outputs the sterilization device to inactivate the bacteria. The present invention overcomes the disadvantages of large volume and high power consumption of most of the current plasma generating equipment, and can realize sterilization only under normal atmospheric pressure conditions without external inert gas. The equipment is small in size, easy to carry, and has good performance, and can be widely used in various occasions for sterilization and disinfection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a corona sterilization device powered by a storage battery, and belongs to the technical field of plasma.
Background
Atmospheric pressure low temperature plasma is one of the hot spots of research of numerous scholars today, especially in the plasma biomedical field. Compared with low-pressure plasma, the generation of the normal-pressure plasma does not need to maintain a low-pressure state, so that the generation conditions are less severe. In addition, because the living body is very sensitive to the temperature, the normal pressure plasma applied in the field is also low temperature plasma close to the room temperature. Through the rapid development of normal-pressure low-temperature plasma in the biomedical field in recent years, the plasma is widely applied to the aspects of disinfection and sterilization, biomaterial surface modification, biological mutation breeding, clinical treatment and the like.
The normal-pressure low-temperature plasma can be generated in various ways, and the common ways include normal-pressure corona discharge, normal-pressure dielectric barrier discharge, normal-pressure plasma radio-frequency jet and the like. When the bacteria or virus cells are acted by charged particles, the charge distribution of the bacteria or virus is thoroughly destroyed under the action of a plasma high-frequency electromagnetic field, high-energy particles, free radicals and ultraviolet rays, such as cell walls and cell nuclei are electrically punctured, the charge distribution on the bacteria or virus is destroyed, the physiological activity and metabolism of the bacteria or virus cells are directly influenced, and finally the bacteria and virus are rapidly killed on the surface of the treated object, so that the effects of disinfection and sterilization are achieved. Conventional medical instrument sterilization is usually performed under high temperature and high pressure conditions, which is not suitable for many heat-sensitive materials and equipment; the chemical sterilization usually has long operation time, incomplete sterilization, easy secondary pollution and the like. Compared with the sterilization mode, the normal pressure plasma has broad spectrum antibacterial property and has obvious sterilization effect on most of germs; the sterilization efficiency is high, and the sterility assurance level is generally achieved only in a few minutes; the plasma gas has the temperature close to the room temperature, and can be applied to the sterilization of living bodies and thermosensitive material equipment.
However, the existing plasma sterilization equipment, such as chinese patent (patent No. 201710472377.0), discloses a low-temperature plasma sterilization apparatus which overcomes the immobility of the conventional stationary sterilization equipment, can sterilize the processed object without dead angle, and adopts dielectric barrier discharge. The gas is conveyed into a tube cavity of the device head by using the gas control unit, a group of metal electrodes are arranged in the tube cavity, each group of metal electrodes is provided with two metals which are respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of a power supply, and one of the metals is wrapped by an insulating medium to form single-medium dielectric barrier discharge, so that the efficiency of generating plasma is relatively high. However, the power consumed by the dielectric barrier discharge is relatively high, and in order to ensure the discharge effect, the discharge effect of the direct current power supply is very weak, and the alternating current power supply is mostly adopted for supplying power. If the power supply is built in, the high power consumption can cause short discharge life; if the sterilization device is externally connected with a power supply, the portability of the sterilization device is lost.
Also, for example, a new plasma device (patent No. 200810191718.8) is provided, which also uses dielectric barrier discharge to supply power through a radio frequency or high frequency power source, and uses argon or helium as a working medium. The inside of the main body of the plasma torch comprises one or more insulating medium tubes, electrodes are respectively arranged inside and outside the medium tubes, one of the electrodes is connected with a power supply, when gas is pumped into the medium tubes, the inner and outer electrodes discharge, and generated plasma is sprayed out of the shell. The invention realizes the sterilization and disinfection of the skin surface and has no secondary pollution. But the argon or helium is adopted for discharging, so that the discharging cost is increased; the power of the power supply is within 100W, which is not low, and the volume and the manufacturing cost of the high-frequency power supply are not negligible.
Chinese patent No. 95227794.8 discloses a sterilizer for purifying water and sterilizing by generating ozone through corona discharge, wherein a reactor comprises a metal outer tube and a metal inner core, ozone is generated through corona discharge in a gap between the metal outer tube and the metal inner core, and then the ozone is mixed with tap water through negative pressure to achieve the effects of purifying water and sterilizing. However, the invention has larger volume, high equipment requirement, large energy consumption and no portability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention adopts atmospheric voltage corona discharge to generate plasma, takes air as working medium and takes a direct current power supply as power supply, and under the designed circuit system, the working voltage discharge is achieved to act on the air to generate the plasma. Compared with the ordinary pressure dielectric barrier discharge, the corona discharge has the characteristics of high voltage (kilovolt magnitude) and low current (microampere magnitude), so that the treatment efficiency is high and the treatment is safer.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a corona sterilization device powered by a storage battery comprises a power supply system unit, an air conveying unit and a corona discharge unit; the power system unit comprises a storage battery module and a power circuit; the air delivery unit comprises an air pump; the corona discharge unit adopts needle mesh type direct current positive and negative corona discharge; the storage battery module supplies power to the air pump to enable the air pump to work, and finally outputs kilovolt-level direct-current high voltage to the corona discharge unit through the power circuit, the corona discharge unit finishes corona discharge of air pumped out by the air pump to generate low-temperature plasma, and the output sterilization device carries out inactivation treatment on strains.
The corona discharge unit adopts needle mesh type direct current positive and negative corona discharge; the device comprises an insulating tube and a metal electrode arranged in the insulating tube, wherein the outlet of the insulating tube is sealed by a metal net, and the outlet is in a closing-up shape.
The metal electrode is one or more.
The metal electrode is made of one or more of tungsten, indium and stainless steel.
As one mode, the power supply circuit comprises a BOOST circuit I, a BOOST circuit II, a signal generation and control circuit, an air pump driving circuit, an inverter BOOST circuit and a voltage doubling rectifying circuit;
the storage battery module is respectively connected with a BOOST circuit I and a BOOST circuit II;
the BOOST booster circuit II is sequentially connected with the inverter booster circuit I and the voltage doubling rectifying circuit I, and the voltage doubling rectifying circuit I is connected with the corona discharge unit;
the BOOST booster circuit is connected with the first signal generation and control circuit and the first air pump driving circuit respectively, the first signal generation and control circuit is controlled by the external control signal circuit, the first air pump driving circuit is connected with the first air pump driving circuit through the second PWM driving module and the first inverter booster circuit through the first PWM driving module, and the first air pump driving circuit drives the first air pump to work.
As another mode, the power supply circuit comprises a BOOST voltage boosting circuit III, a signal generating and controlling circuit II, an air pump driving circuit II, an inverter voltage boosting circuit II and a voltage doubling rectifying circuit II;
the storage battery modules are respectively connected with a BOOST circuit III;
the BOOST booster circuit three sides are respectively connected with an inversion booster circuit II, a signal generation and control circuit II and an air pump driving circuit II, the signal generation and control circuit II is controlled by an external control signal circuit, and is respectively connected with the air pump driving circuit II through a fourth PWM driving module and the inversion booster circuit II through a third PWM driving module, and the air pump driving circuit II drives an air pump to work;
the inverter booster circuit is sequentially connected with the voltage doubling rectifying circuit and the corona discharge unit.
The first BOOST circuit, the second BOOST circuit and the third BOOST circuit are the same BOOST circuit; the first inverter booster circuit and the second inverter booster circuit are the same inverter booster circuit; the first signal generation and control circuit and the second signal generation and control circuit are the same signal generation and control circuit; the first air pump driving circuit and the second air pump driving circuit are the same air pump driving circuit; the first voltage doubling rectifying circuit and the second voltage doubling rectifying circuit are the same voltage doubling rectifying circuit; the first PWM driving module, the second PWM driving module, the third PWM driving module and the fourth PWM driving module are all the same PWM driving module.
The invention achieves the following beneficial effects:
the invention overcomes the defects of large volume, high power consumption and the like of most of the existing plasma generating equipment, and can realize sterilization only under the condition of normal atmospheric pressure without externally connecting inert gas. The device has small volume, easy carrying and good efficiency, and can be widely applied to various occasions of sterilization and disinfection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a frame diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a corona discharge unit;
FIG. 4 is a system block diagram of the power supply circuit of the first embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a BOOST BOOST circuit;
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of an inverting boost circuit;
FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a PWM drive module;
FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of a positive corona discharge of a voltage doubler rectifier circuit;
FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of a negative corona discharge of a voltage doubler rectifier circuit;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a positive corona discharge;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a negative corona discharge;
FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram of an external control signal circuit;
fig. 13 is a system block diagram of a power supply circuit of the second embodiment.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the corona sterilization device powered by the storage battery comprises a power supply system unit, an air conveying unit and a corona discharge unit; the power system unit comprises a storage battery module and a power circuit; the air delivery unit comprises an air pump; the corona discharge unit adopts needle mesh type direct current positive and negative corona discharge; the storage battery module supplies power to the air pump to enable the air pump to work, and finally outputs kilovolt-level direct-current high voltage to the corona discharge unit through the power circuit, the corona discharge unit finishes corona discharge of air pumped out by the air pump to generate low-temperature plasma, and the output sterilization device carries out inactivation treatment on strains.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the corona discharge unit adopts pin grid type direct current positive and negative corona discharge; the device comprises an insulating tube 1 and a metal electrode 2 arranged in the insulating tube 1, wherein an outlet of the insulating tube 1 is sealed by a metal net 3, and the outlet is in a closing-up shape. The stable output voltage is 2-10kV, needle-shaped metal (tungsten, indium, stainless steel and the like) is selected as a high-voltage electrode, the metal net 3 at the outlet is grounded, and the distance between the high-voltage electrode 2 and the ground electrode of the metal net 3 is 5.00-10.00 mm. Meanwhile, the outlet is designed to be in a closed-end shape, and the metal electrode 2 is surrounded by the quartz tube so as to ensure that the generated plasma can be intensively released from the outlet. Then the air pump of the side fan provides working gas-air for discharging, and the generated plasma is sent out of the reaction cavity to act on strains to be processed. The battery is arranged at the rear part of the device, and the metal shell is in threaded connection with the screw cap. When the power switch is turned on, the air pump fan is started to suck air from the outside of the device, and simultaneously corona discharge is started when the discharge voltage reaches the corona starting voltage through the boosting module, and finally the voltage is maintained at 2-10 kv.
The device can adopt two forms of single-needle discharge and multi-needle discharge.
The device has the advantages of small size, portability and the like due to the adoption of single-needle electrode discharge, and can avoid the influence on electric fields between two adjacent needle electrodes due to the adoption of multi-needle discharge, thereby avoiding the direct reduction of corona intensity of corona discharge.
The effect of adopting the discharge treatment area of the multi-needle electrode or enhancing the stability of the discharge area and the energy density of discharge.
Each metal has unique metal characteristics, and tungsten, indium, stainless steel and other metals can be used as high-voltage electrode materials in the device.
High-purity tungsten needles (99.9%) are used as high-voltage electrodes for discharge, because the tungsten is chemically and physically stable: tungsten is stable in air at normal temperature, a compact oxide film is formed at 400-500 ℃, and actual corona discharge cannot reach the temperature at all. High hardness, high melting point, good electron emission performance, and secondary electron emission coefficient (i.e. the ratio of the number of electrons emitted from the surface of tungsten metal bombarded with ions or photons in high energy state to the number of incident ions) of 1.4 deltamMore electrons can be emitted secondarily, and the discharge effect is enhanced. And the resistance of the tungsten needle is about 3 times greater than that of copper, so that the corona discharge loop current is ensured to be at a lower level, and the tungsten needle has higher safety.
Meanwhile, the needle electrode material can also adopt indium as an electrode material, the indium slowly reacts with oxygen in the air from normal temperature to a melting point, an extremely thin oxide film is formed on the surface, and the indium reacts with oxygen, halogen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium and phosphorus at a higher temperature. The oxidation of indium in air is slow.
The metal net is used as a ground pole in the device, the material of the metal net is not strictly required, and a stainless steel metal net and the like which are commonly used in the market are selected.
As shown in fig. 3, the electrode comprises an insulating tube and a metal electrode arranged in the insulating tube, wherein an outlet of the insulating tube is sealed by the metal tube, and the outlet is in a closed shape.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 4, the power circuit includes a BOOST circuit i, a BOOST circuit ii, a signal generating and controlling circuit, an air pump driving circuit, an inverter BOOST circuit, and a voltage doubling rectifying circuit;
the storage battery module is respectively connected with a BOOST circuit I and a BOOST circuit II;
the BOOST booster circuit II is sequentially connected with the inverter booster circuit I and the voltage doubling rectifying circuit I, and the voltage doubling rectifying circuit I is connected with the corona discharge unit;
the BOOST booster circuit is connected with the first signal generation and control circuit and the first air pump driving circuit respectively, the first signal generation and control circuit is controlled by the external control signal circuit, the first air pump driving circuit is connected with the first air pump driving circuit through the second PWM driving module and the first inverter booster circuit through the first PWM driving module, and the first air pump driving circuit drives the first air pump to work.
The first embodiment is a multi-stage boost switching power supply.
Example two:
as shown in fig. 13, the power circuit includes a BOOST voltage BOOST circuit three, a signal generation and control circuit two, an air pump driving circuit two, an inverter voltage BOOST circuit two, and a voltage doubling rectifying circuit two;
the storage battery modules are respectively connected with a BOOST circuit III;
the BOOST booster circuit three sides are respectively connected with an inversion booster circuit II, a signal generation and control circuit II and an air pump driving circuit II, the signal generation and control circuit II is controlled by an external control signal circuit, and is respectively connected with the air pump driving circuit II through a fourth PWM driving module and the inversion booster circuit II through a third PWM driving module, and the air pump driving circuit II drives an air pump to work;
the inverter booster circuit is sequentially connected with the voltage doubling rectifying circuit and the corona discharge unit.
The second embodiment is a rechargeable switching power supply.
In the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the first BOOST circuit, the second BOOST circuit and the third BOOST circuit are the same BOOST circuit; the first inverter booster circuit and the second inverter booster circuit are the same inverter booster circuit; the first signal generation and control circuit and the second signal generation and control circuit are the same signal generation and control circuit; the first air pump driving circuit and the second air pump driving circuit are the same air pump driving circuit; the first voltage doubling rectifying circuit and the second voltage doubling rectifying circuit are the same voltage doubling rectifying circuit; the first PWM driving module, the second PWM driving module, the third PWM driving module and the fourth PWM driving module are all the same PWM driving module.
The following is a detailed explanation of each circuit.
BOOST circuit:
BOOST BOOST as shown in FIG. 5The circuit will increase the battery output voltage and stabilize to a voltage output suitable for the rear working module. The input and output voltage relation of the BOOST BOOST circuit in the CCM mode is as follows, wherein the duty ratio of the driving signal of the power switch tube is D1。
The appropriate output voltage can be adjusted by adjusting the PWM input duty cycle D1.
Inverting the booster circuit:
as shown in FIG. 6, the invention adopts an NE555 timer chip as an oscillator, the working voltage is 5V, the output frequency can be controlled by adjusting Rp and can reach 300kHz, meanwhile, the invention adopts an overcurrent fuse resistor R6 for protection, the duty ratio is modulated by PWM waves through a reset pin of the 555 chip, the timer can be reset by low logic potential, the normal work of the chip can be controlled, and the input U can be regulated and controlled3Square wave of the tube, then C4,C5Composed of a capacitor and U3The thyristor and the transformer T can realize the conversion of DC-AC, and the voltage Vout (Vout is 300-600V) can be amplified by the voltage doubling rectification connected to the rear end of the transformer.
Signal generation and control circuit:
as shown in fig. 7, the PWM control circuit achieves the function of controlling the operating range of the device by outputting PWM with different duty ratios. The working gear is controlled by duty ratio regulation and control of PWM: the duty ratios of the first gear to the fourth gear are 20%, 40%, 60% and 80%, respectively.
The concrete implementation is as follows: in fig. 7, a schmitt trigger is used, and a rising edge D trigger generates a square wave pulse with a duty ratio of 50%, and a triangular wave signal is obtained through an output end of an inverse integrator circuit. Triangular wave and adjustable input voltage VRThe function of outputting PWM signals with adjustable duty ratio is achieved through the comparator.
Voltage doubling rectifying circuit:
the output of the inversion booster circuit is connected to a voltage doubling rectifying circuit, and the output is output to the reactor for power supply after the rectification and voltage doubling action of the voltage doubling rectifying circuit.
As shown in FIG. 8, the output voltage V of the previous stage inverter booster circuit is a voltage doubler rectifier circuit for a positive corona discharge deviceout(Vout300-600V), the output voltage can reach after the voltage-doubling rectification
(3000 plus 6500V) can directly supply power to the reaction device.
When the negative corona discharge scheme is adopted, the voltage doubling rectifying circuit is as shown in figure 9.
Corona discharge unit and sterilization principle:
corona, also known as unipolar discharge, occurs in an electrically stressed state before the point of electrical breakdown, with a region of high electric field near the tip. The corona discharge device can respectively adopt positive and negative high voltage to carry out corona discharge, the positive and negative corona has great difference in nature and can be shown from the appearance, different corona discharge types have different influences on the generation of plasma, and the two corona discharge types of the corona discharge device are discussed below
Basic principle of corona discharge unit:
basic principle of positive air corona discharge:
as shown in fig. 10, under the excitation of positive high voltage, the light radiation of the excited particles in the strong electric field in the corona layer generates electrons, i.e. photoionization, the formed electrons cause avalanche discharge in the corona layer, so as to generate a large amount of excitation and ionization, finally the electrons are collected by the anode, the positive ions pass through the corona layer, enter the drift region at the periphery of the corona under the action of the high voltage electric field, and migrate to the cathode, and the positive ions collide with the neutral particles in the moving process, so that the neutral particles move to the cathode together, thereby forming the ion wind of the positive corona, and the physical process of the ion wind is usually explained by the theory of flow injection. Fig. 12 is a basic schematic diagram of a positive corona discharge.
When the plasma penetrates through the anode and the cathode, weak discharge current flows between the two stages, and when the discharge current is stabilized, a fluid is formed, and the fluid in the non-uniform field is in a wire shape, can generate a luminous part and has continuous noise. The air speed of ions generated by corona discharge of positive air is high, and the sterilization effect is obvious.
Basic principle of negative air corona discharge:
as shown in fig. 11, the corona onset voltage of the negative air corona discharge is lower than that of the positive corona discharge, and when the negative high voltage is excited, the needle-shaped cathode corona light emitting area has stronger ionization and excitation, the current density is high, electrons move to the anode, and the electron movement speed is higher than that of positive ions in the positive corona discharge, so the corona onset voltage of the negative corona discharge is lower. Meanwhile, since the mass of the positive ions is much greater than that of the electrons in the corona region, the moving speed of the positive ions is approximately 0 compared to the electrons. The peripheral drift region of the negative corona only has single particles with negative electricity, because the oxygen content in the air is larger and the particles have affinity with electrons, the electrons are easy to combine with oxygen molecules to generate negative oxygen ions, and the electrons collide with neutral molecules to move towards the anode under the action of an electric field force to form negative corona ion wind.
The mechanism of negative corona formation is generally explained by the thomson discharge theory, and fig. 13 is a basic principle diagram of negative corona discharge.
Activated particles produced by air corona discharge:
during the corona discharge, the following three strongly oxidizing species are mainly generated:
a. high-energy particles: under the action of strong electric field, the tip of the electrode will generate electrons with certain energy, and the energy of the electrons is related to the electric field intensity applied by the electrode when micro-discharge occurs.
b. Oxygen atom: the electrons with certain energy collide with oxygen molecules in the air to cause the dissociation of the oxygen molecules, so as to generate oxygen atoms, and the reaction formula is as follows:
e+O2→2O+e
c. ozone: the oxygen atoms with certain energy collide with oxygen molecules to react to generate ozone, and the reaction formula is as follows:
O+O2+M→O3+M
wherein M represents a third participating molecule.
Therefore, the three strong oxidation substances mainly generated by the positive and negative corona discharge are: high-speed high-energy electrons, oxygen atoms, and ozone. And, electrons are transited under the high voltage and simultaneously release a large amount of ultraviolet light.
Plasma sterilization principle:
the plasma state is the fourth state of matter, possessing many specific properties. Generally, the state of a substance that one contacts is not solid, liquid, or gaseous, but it may become plasma as long as sufficient energy is provided to the substance. In the plasma state, the substance is ionized into ions and electrons, and the particles continuously absorb and release energy, so that a large number of molecules or atoms are in a metastable state, thereby showing properties that are not found in the normal state. Plasma sterilization utilizes this principle to ionize hydrogen peroxide vapor into hydroxyl radicals, perhydroxyl radicals, and excited hydrogen peroxide molecules. These metastable particles possess high activity and can easily kill bacteria and viruses on the surface of an article. Meanwhile, ultraviolet rays can be released in the process that the particles are changed from the metastable state to the stable state, so that the sterilization effect is enhanced.
The plasma has a highly efficient killing effect on bacteria, probably because atmospheric pressure discharge in the air produces chemically active substances: oxygen ions and other charged species such as N+，NO-,NO+Hydroxy and hydroperoxy groups (OH and HO)2) Hydroperoxide (H)2O2) Dinitrogen monoxide (N)2O) and other nitrogen oxides (NO, NO)2，N2O4，N2O5) And neutral species, including atomic oxygen, ozone, and oxygen singlet state molecules. And studies have shown that active particles (e.g. O, OH, NO)2) Plays the most important role in sterilization.
External control signal circuit:
controlling the VR potential by a switch:
in FIG. 12, a push switch SW is used1VCC is connected to pull-up resistor R13The switch is pressed to be at CLK1Generates an input pulse, and transmits information to Q according to the input port D1 at the rising edge of the clock pulse1The mouth of the patient is provided with a mouth,
is Q1To the opposite level of the voltage, controlling the switching tube Q4On/off of (Q)1The level pulse is transmitted to CLK2End rising edge trigger handle D2To Q2,
Is Q2To the opposite level of the voltage, controlling the switching tube Q5Make and break of (2). Controlled by two switching tubes, set R15:R161:2, VRA voltage through operational amplifier from equation 3, output VR，
Let R15//R16＝R18,
VR controls V by external pulse control signal input CLK1 endRTerminal output voltage, number of pulse signals and VRAnd duty ratio as shown in Table 1 (V)RA＝0.5V)。
TABLE 1
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
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| CN111683448A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-09-18 | 张朝建 | Plasma generator and plasma sterilizer |
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| CN112957497A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-15 | 江苏容正医药科技有限公司 | Direct-discharge vacuum sterilization box for sterilization of precision instruments |
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| CN115013278A (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-09-06 | 广东乐心医疗电子股份有限公司 | Air pump driving method and device and electronic equipment |
| LU501366B1 (en) * | 2022-01-31 | 2023-07-31 | Univ Ljubljani | Plasma jet hand tool |
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