CN112953299A - Frequency-adjustable piezoelectric stack energy harvester for hydraulic cylinder - Google Patents
Frequency-adjustable piezoelectric stack energy harvester for hydraulic cylinder Download PDFInfo
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- CN112953299A CN112953299A CN202110104167.2A CN202110104167A CN112953299A CN 112953299 A CN112953299 A CN 112953299A CN 202110104167 A CN202110104167 A CN 202110104167A CN 112953299 A CN112953299 A CN 112953299A
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000004313 glare Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/183—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators using impacting bodies
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
- F15B21/14—Energy-recuperation means
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- General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a frequency-adjustable piezoelectric stacking energy harvester for a hydraulic cylinder, which comprises the hydraulic cylinder, a shell, a piezoelectric guide sleeve, a piezoelectric piston, a piezoelectric stacking component, a throttling device, a piezoelectric pre-tightening device and the like. The middle of the shell is provided with a throttle valve cavity for placing a throttling device, two piezoelectric component cavities are designed in the throttle valve cavity in the circumferential direction, a group of piezoelectric combination devices are respectively placed in the throttle valve cavity, the throttle valve cavity is communicated with the piezoelectric component cavities through a drainage hole channel, and a pre-tightening device is placed in the piezoelectric component cavities; the floating energy frequency of the piezoelectric ceramic is controlled by adjusting the opening of the valve port of the throttle valve and the pretightening force of the piezoelectric pretightening device, so that the best power generation effect is achieved. The invention has the technical advantages of simple structure, low noise, low cost and the like, avoids inconvenience caused by adopting an external circuit and a battery for power supply, saves electricity, and has very wide application prospect in the technical field of hydraulic pressure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an energy harvester, in particular to a frequency-adjustable piezoelectric stack energy harvester for a hydraulic cylinder.
Background
As an actuating element of a hydraulic system, a hydraulic cylinder can convert hydraulic energy into mechanical energy, when the hydraulic cylinder brakes and reverses rapidly, the flow of liquid in the system is blocked, kinetic energy of the blocked section is converted into pressure energy layer by layer, hydraulic impact is generated, pressure is oscillated violently, higher impact pressure is generated, and further, the force pulsation causes violent vibration and noise of a pipeline system. On the other hand, low-power-consumption elements such as a displacement sensor and a pressure transmitter are needed in the hydraulic system, the power supply mode of the hydraulic system generally adopts an external circuit and a battery for power supply, the power supply of the external circuit can complicate the power supply line of the hydraulic system, and the maintenance cost is increased; the battery has the problems of short service life, large volume, frequent replacement and the like, is difficult to meet the continuous working requirements of the sensor and the electromagnetic valve, contains a large amount of heavy metal substances harmful to the environment and is very easy to cause pollution.
With the improvement of national requirements on energy conservation and environmental protection, the flow-induced vibration piezoelectric energy harvesting technology can be widely researched. The piezoelectric energy harvesting technology using piezoelectric materials is a hot spot of research on energy collection technologies at home and abroad at present, the technology utilizes voltage change caused by deformation of the piezoelectric materials in the flow blocking process to draw energy, and the piezoelectric energy harvesting technology has the advantages of simple structure, no electromagnetic interference, no pollution, no heat generation, easiness in miniaturization and integration and the like. If the energy generated by hydraulic impact in a hydraulic system can be collected and further converted into electric energy for storage, and the electric energy is used for the low-electric-power-consumption elements, the inconvenience caused by adopting an external circuit and a battery for power supply is avoided, the electricity is saved, and the electric energy harvesting device has important practical significance on the application of the energy-saving and flow-induced vibration piezoelectric energy harvesting technology of hydraulic equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at hydraulic impact generated by medium flowing in a hydraulic cylinder, particularly large impact pressure generated in the cylinder body when the piston moves in a reversing way, under the excitation of the pressure, the piezoelectric component is easy to deform so as to generate electric energy. According to the invention, the stacked piezoelectric material is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder, the manual throttle valve and the elastic pre-tightening device are arranged in the hydraulic cylinder, and the energy capturing frequency of the piezoelectric ceramic is controlled by adjusting the opening of the valve port of the throttle valve and the pre-tightening force of the piezoelectric pre-tightening device, so that the piezoelectric stacked component is ensured to deform to the maximum extent, and the optimal power generation effect is further achieved.
A frequency-adjustable piezoelectric stack energy harvester for a hydraulic cylinder comprises the hydraulic cylinder and a piezoelectric energy harvester; the hydraulic cylinder is a common hydraulic cylinder and structurally comprises a cylinder body, a guide sleeve, a piston rod, a piston, a rear end cover and the like; the piezoelectric energy harvester comprises a shell, a piezoelectric combination device, a throttling device, a piezoelectric pre-tightening device and a drainage hole plug.
The rear end cover of the hydraulic cylinder is a shell of the piezoelectric energy harvester; the casing is inside to contain choke valve cavity, piezoelectric assembly cavity, drainage hole passageway, hydraulic fluid port cavity, and choke valve cavity tip is equipped with internal thread three and is used for assembling the throttle disk seat, and piezoelectric assembly cavity tip is equipped with internal thread two and is used for assembling piezoelectricity pretension nut, and the tip of drainage hole passageway is equipped with internal thread one and is used for assembling drainage hole end cap, the external hydraulic system pipeline of hydraulic fluid port cavity.
The piezoelectric combination device comprises a piezoelectric guide sleeve, a piezoelectric piston, a piezoelectric stack component and a Glay ring, the piezoelectric combination device is placed in a piezoelectric component cavity of the shell, the piezoelectric piston, the piezoelectric stack component and the piezoelectric guide sleeve are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, cylindrical cavities are formed in the piezoelectric piston and the piezoelectric guide sleeve and used for fixing the piezoelectric stack component, and rectangular grooves are formed in the outer portions of the piezoelectric piston and the piezoelectric guide sleeve and used for placing the Glay ring for sealing, so that leakage is prevented. A closed space is formed between the piezoelectric guide sleeve, the piezoelectric piston and the piezoelectric stack assembly for the purpose of preventing the stack assembly from being stuck and reducing wear.
The throttling device comprises a manual throttling valve core, an O-shaped ring and a throttling valve seat; the throttling device is placed in the throttling valve cavity; the external thread of the throttle valve seat is external thread and is used for being in three-screwing connection with the internal thread at the end part of the throttle valve cavity, and an internal thread hole is arranged in the middle of the throttle valve seat and is used for being in screwing connection with the throttle valve core; the other end of the throttle valve core is provided with an external thread for being connected with the internal thread in the middle of the throttle valve seat in a screwing mode and adjusting the opening of the throttle valve. The working principle of the throttling adjustable device is as follows: when the valve core of the throttle valve is rotated clockwise from the outside, the throttle opening is gradually reduced until the valve core is completely closed; when anticlockwise rotating, the throttle opening can be gradually enlarged until the opening reaches the maximum state, the flow of liquid entering and exiting the drainage hole is ensured by adjusting the opening of the valve port of the throttle valve, and then the excitation degree of pulsating pressure on the piezoelectric stack component can be adjusted.
The piezoelectric pre-tightening device comprises an elastic pre-tightening cushion block and a piezoelectric pre-tightening nut; the elastic pre-tightening cushion block is made of a material with a smaller elastic modulus than the piezoelectric ceramic plate and is arranged between the piezoelectric stacking assembly and the piezoelectric guide sleeve; the external thread of the piezoelectric pre-tightening nut is used for being in threaded connection with the internal thread of the shell, and the through hole in the middle of the pre-tightening nut is a hexagon socket and can be adjusted by a hexagon socket wrench.
Cylindrical through holes are formed in the elastic pre-tightening cushion block and the piezoelectric guide sleeve, and the cylindrical through holes and the inner hexagonal through hole of the piezoelectric pre-tightening nut are combined together to form a lead hole for leading out a lead in the piezoelectric stack component.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) based on a common hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic impact energy in a hydraulic system is recovered by adopting a piezoelectric energy harvesting technology, and the pressure energy is converted into electric energy to be collected, so that the hydraulic energy harvesting device is used for driving low-power-consumption elements such as an electromagnetic valve, a sensor and the like in the hydraulic system.
(2) The energy harvesting structure is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder, the structural integration level is high, pressure energy generated in the working process of a hydraulic system can be directly converted into electric energy, the efficiency is high, the cost is low, and the environment is not polluted.
(3) The elastic pre-tightening device is added, so that the piezoelectric stack assembly can be conveniently disassembled by adjusting the pre-tightening force, the piezoelectric stack assembly is protected from being crushed, the position stability of the piezoelectric assembly is ensured, the reliability of the piezoelectric assembly is improved, and the performance of a piezoelectric material is ensured.
(4) The throttle device is added, the opening of the throttle valve can be adjusted, and then the flow can be adjusted to meet the requirements of the piezoelectric assembly, and the performance of the piezoelectric material is ensured; when the throttle valve is in a closed state, the hydraulic cylinder can also be used as a common hydraulic cylinder, and the piezoelectric device is convenient to detect and maintain.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the final assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the housing;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the housing;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a piezoelectric pilot piston;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a piezoelectric guide sleeve;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a piezoelectric pre-tensioned nut;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a throttle valve spool;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a throttle seat configuration;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the maximum throttle opening configuration;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a minimum throttle opening configuration;
the above figures are labeled as: 1. a cylinder front flange; 2. a guide sleeve; 3. a cylinder body; 4. a piston rod assembly; 5. a housing; 6. a drainage hole plug; 7. a combined sealing ring; 8. a piezoelectric pilot piston; 9. a piezoelectric guide sleeve; 10. a piezoelectric pre-tightening nut; 11. a manual throttle valve spool; 12. a throttle valve seat; 13. elastic pre-tightening cushion blocks; 14. 16, Gray circle; 15. a piezoelectric stack assembly; 17. an O-shaped ring of the throttle valve; 5.1, a drainage orifice; 5.2, 5.5, 5.6, 5.9 internal threads; 5.3, a piezoelectric component cavity; 5.4, a throttle valve cavity; 5.7, a drainage hole channel; 5.8, oil port cavities; 8.1, a piezoelectric guide piston GREEN groove; 8.2, a cylindrical cavity 1; 8.3, liquid contact surface; 9.1, a piezoelectric guide sleeve GREEN groove; 9.2, lead holes of the piezoelectric guide sleeves; 9.3, cylindrical cavity 2; 10.1, 11.3, 12.1 and external threads; 10.2, inner hexagonal through holes; 10.3, lead wire preformed grooves; 10.4, pre-tightening the nut pressing surface; 11.0, throttle valve head; 11.1, an O-shaped ring groove; 11.2, a valve core stop block 11.4, an adjusting knob 12.2 and a threaded hole; 12.3, internal threads; 12.4, the end surface of the throttle valve seat.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the invention, which comprises a cylinder front flange 1, a guide sleeve 2, a cylinder 3, a piston rod assembly 4, a shell 5, a drainage hole plug 6, a combined sealing ring 7, a piezoelectric guide piston 8, a piezoelectric guide sleeve 9, a piezoelectric pre-tightening nut 10, a manual throttle valve core 11, a throttle valve seat 12, an elastic pre-tightening cushion block 13, Glare rings 14 and 16, a piezoelectric stack assembly 15 and a throttle valve O-ring 17. The shell 5 is connected with the cylinder body 3 of the hydraulic cylinder in a welding mode, an oil port at the bottom of the shell is connected with a hydraulic system pipeline through a fourth internal thread, five cavities are arranged in the shell 5, as shown in figure 2, the middle cavity is a throttle valve cavity 5.3, two identical cavities at two sides of the throttle valve cavity 5.3 are piezoelectric component cavities 5.2, a drainage hole channel 5.4 is communicated with the cavities 5.2 and 5.3, and as shown in figure 3, an oil port cavity 5.5 is directly communicated with the oil port; in fig. 1, 5.1 is a drainage hole opening which is connected and sealed with a drainage hole plug 6 through an internal thread 5.2 in a screwing way.
The piezoelectric combination device comprises a piezoelectric piston 8, a piezoelectric guide sleeve 9, Glare rings 14 and 16 and a piezoelectric stack assembly 15 in the figure 1; the piezoelectric combination device is placed in a piezoelectric component cavity 5.3 in the shell 5, and sequentially comprises a piezoelectric piston 8, a piezoelectric stack component 15 and a piezoelectric guide sleeve 9 from inside to outside, wherein the rectangular grooves in the outer parts of the piezoelectric piston 8 and the piezoelectric guide sleeve 9 are respectively provided with a Glare ring 16 and a Glare ring 14, so that on one hand, liquid in the shell 5 can be prevented from flowing out, and on the other hand, the effect of reducing friction force is achieved. The axial line of each part of the piezoelectric combination device is consistent with the axial line direction of the cavity 5.3 of the cylindrical piezoelectric component, liquid passes through the throttle valve 11 and then reaches the position of a liquid contact surface 8.3 of the piezoelectric guide piston in the figure 4 through the drainage hole channel 5.7, when the hydraulic cylinder is reversed or braked, the liquid pressure in the cylinder body can generate impact pressure so as to enable the piezoelectric guide piston 8 to reciprocate, therefore, the piezoelectric ceramic pieces in the piezoelectric stack component 15 are deformed, the hydraulic impact energy is further recovered and converted into electric energy, the generated electric energy is collected and stored through electric wires and used for driving low-electric-consumption elements such as an electromagnetic valve and a sensor in a hydraulic system.
The piezoelectric pre-tightening device is shown in fig. 1 and comprises a piezoelectric pre-tightening nut 10 and an elastic pre-tightening cushion block 13. The device and the piezoelectric combination device are jointly placed in a piezoelectric component cavity 5.3 of a shell 5; the elastic pre-tightening cushion block 13 is placed in the cylindrical cavity 9.3 of the piezoelectric guide sleeve as shown in fig. 5 and is in direct contact with the piezoelectric stack assembly 15; the piezoelectric pre-tightening nut is shown in figure 6, and the external thread 10.1 of the piezoelectric pre-tightening nut is screwed with the internal thread 5.6 of the shell; 10.2 is an inner hexagonal through hole, which has the functions of two, namely, being used as a lead hole of a piezoelectric lead for leading out a lead coming out of a lead hole 9.2 of the piezoelectric guide sleeve 9 shown in fig. 5, and adjusting a pre-tightening device through an inner hexagonal wrench; 10.3 a groove is reserved for the lead, and when the lead-out wire is too long, redundant wires can be conveniently placed in the groove; after the piezoelectric combination device and the elastic pre-tightening cushion block are placed well, the tightness of the device can be adjusted by rotating the pre-tightening nut 10, and the elastic pre-tightening cushion block is made of a material with a smaller elastic modulus than piezoelectric ceramics, so that the relative stability of the position of a piezoelectric assembly can be ensured, and the performance of the material of the piezoelectric stack assembly can also be ensured.
The throttling device is placed in a throttling valve cavity 5.3 in the shell and comprises a manual throttling valve core 11, a throttling valve seat 12 and an O-shaped ring 17, wherein the throttling valve core 11 and the throttling valve seat 12 are respectively shown in figures 7 and 8; the manual throttle valve core 11 is connected with an internal thread 12.3 of the throttle valve seat 12 in a screwing mode through an external thread 11.3, and an O-shaped ring groove 11.1 is formed in the head of the throttle valve core and used for assembling an O-shaped ring 17 to play a role in sealing and prevent liquid leakage; fig. 9 and 10 show the fully opened and closed states of the throttle valve, respectively, when the piezo-electric combination device needs throttling, the adjusting knob 11.4 of the valve core 11 of the throttle valve is manually adjusted, and when the throttle valve is closed, 11.0 of the valve core 11 is in the throttling port contact of the shell 5, i.e. the position shown in fig. 9; when the valve core stop 11.2 of the valve core 11 is contacted with the throttle valve seat end face 12.4 of the throttle valve seat 12, the throttle valve opening reaches the maximum at the moment, namely the position shown in fig. 8; the flow of liquid entering and exiting the drainage hole is ensured by adjusting the opening of the valve port of the throttle valve, and the excitation degree of pulsating pressure on the piezoelectric stack component can be adjusted.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a frequency adjustable piezoelectricity for pneumatic cylinder piles up energy accumulator which characterized in that: the device comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a shell, a piezoelectric guide sleeve, a piezoelectric piston, a piezoelectric stack assembly, a Gray ring, a manual throttle valve core, an O-shaped ring, a throttle valve seat, an elastic pre-tightening cushion block, a piezoelectric pre-tightening nut and the like; the shell is connected with the hydraulic cylinder body in a welding mode, and the interior of the shell comprises a throttle valve cavity, a piezoelectric assembly cavity, a drainage hole channel and an oil port cavity; the middle of the piezoelectric component cavity is a throttling valve cavity, the periphery of the throttling valve cavity is a piezoelectric component cavity, the throttling valve cavity is communicated with the piezoelectric component cavity through a drainage hole channel, the piezoelectric pre-tightening device is also placed in the piezoelectric component cavity, and the end part of the throttling valve cavity is provided with internal threads for assembling a throttling valve seat; the end part of the cavity of the piezoelectric component is provided with an internal thread for assembling a piezoelectric pre-tightening nut; the end of the drainage hole channel is provided with an internal thread for assembling a drainage hole plug.
2. The frequency tunable piezoelectric stack energy harvester for a hydraulic cylinder according to claim 1, wherein: the piezoelectric combination device is placed in a piezoelectric component cavity of the shell, and sequentially comprises a piezoelectric piston, a piezoelectric stack component and a piezoelectric guide sleeve from inside to outside in an assembling sequence, wherein cylindrical cavities are formed in the piezoelectric piston and the piezoelectric guide sleeve for fixing the piezoelectric stack component, and the outer parts of the piezoelectric piston and the piezoelectric guide sleeve are respectively provided with an annular rectangular groove for placing a Glay ring for sealing to prevent leakage; a closed gap is formed among the piezoelectric guide sleeve, the piezoelectric piston and the piezoelectric stack component; the piezoelectric combination device can be provided with a plurality of groups in the circumferential direction of the cavity of the throttle valve and is used for increasing the electric energy generation amount, and the specific installation layout is related to the power required by the low-power consumption element, the size of the shell and the like.
3. The frequency tunable piezoelectric stack energy harvester for a hydraulic cylinder according to claim 1, wherein: the throttling device is placed in the throttling valve cavity; the external thread of the throttle valve seat is used for being connected with the shell in a screwing manner, and the internal thread hole of the throttle valve seat is used for being connected with the throttle valve core in a screwing manner; the head of the throttling valve core is provided with an O-shaped ring groove for assembling an O-shaped ring to play a sealing role, the opening degree of the throttling valve can be adjusted through rotating the throttling valve, the flow of liquid entering and exiting the drainage hole channel is ensured, and the excitation degree of pulsating pressure to the piezoelectric stack component can be adjusted.
4. The frequency tunable piezoelectric stack energy harvester for a hydraulic cylinder according to claim 1, wherein: the piezoelectric pre-tightening device comprises an elastic pre-tightening cushion block and a piezoelectric pre-tightening nut; the elastic pre-tightening cushion block is made of a material with a smaller elastic modulus than the piezoelectric ceramic plate and is arranged between the piezoelectric stacking assembly and the piezoelectric guide sleeve; the external part of the piezoelectric pre-tightening nut is provided with an external thread which is used for being connected with the internal thread of the shell in a screwing way, and the middle through hole of the pre-tightening nut is a hexagon socket head hole which can be adjusted by a hexagon socket wrench.
5. The frequency tunable piezoelectric stack energy harvester of claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein: cylindrical through holes are formed in the elastic pre-tightening cushion block and the piezoelectric guide sleeve, and the cylindrical through holes and the inner hexagonal through hole of the piezoelectric pre-tightening nut are combined together to form a lead hole for leading out a lead in the piezoelectric stack component.
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CN202110104167.2A CN112953299A (en) | 2021-01-26 | 2021-01-26 | Frequency-adjustable piezoelectric stack energy harvester for hydraulic cylinder |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN113328652A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-08-31 | 青岛科技大学 | Piezoelectric energy harvester based on piezoelectric film and with adjustable energy harvesting frequency |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN113328652A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-08-31 | 青岛科技大学 | Piezoelectric energy harvester based on piezoelectric film and with adjustable energy harvesting frequency |
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