CN112953240B - High-gain energy storage buck converter based on coupling inductance - Google Patents
High-gain energy storage buck converter based on coupling inductance Download PDFInfo
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- CN112953240B CN112953240B CN202110248919.2A CN202110248919A CN112953240B CN 112953240 B CN112953240 B CN 112953240B CN 202110248919 A CN202110248919 A CN 202110248919A CN 112953240 B CN112953240 B CN 112953240B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Abstract
High-gain energy storage drop based on coupling inductanceThe voltage converter comprises a coupling inductance N and four switches S 1 、S 2 、S 3 S and S 3 Three energy transfer capacitances C 1 、C 2 C (C) 3 An output inductance L and an output capacitance C 0 . By means of the coupled inductor and switched capacitor technology, the invention can achieve high voltage gain without extreme duty cycle. The controller is utilized to output PWM signals with dead zones to control the switching tube, and zero-voltage switching can be achieved. The invention can realize lower switching stress and can use the switching tube with low rated voltage to reduce the conduction loss. In addition, the invention has the advantages of zero magnetizing current, continuous output current, recycling of leakage inductance energy of the coupling inductor, high conversion efficiency and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of switching power supply design, and designs a high-gain energy storage buck converter based on a coupling inductor. By means of coupled inductor and switched capacitor technology, the designed converter can achieve high voltage gain without extreme duty cycles.
Technical Field
The distributed power generation has the characteristics of flexible installation, convenient power supply, short construction period, environmental protection and the like, and on the basis of centralized power generation and a large power grid, the distributed power generation technology is greatly developed, so that the mutual complementation and coordination of the distributed power supply and the large power grid power supply are the necessary trend of power development in the future. However, since the illumination intensity and the wind power resources are periodically or aperiodically changed along with time, the output power of the photovoltaic panel and the wind power generation equipment is also changed, so that the distributed power generation has intermittent or discontinuous time. In order to enable a load end to continuously and stably supply power, an energy storage unit is added in most of the current distributed power generation systems. The energy storage unit in the distributed power generation system is composed of an electric energy converter and energy storage equipment, and can play roles in peak clipping and valley filling, stable output and improvement of electric energy quality in a power supply system. The energy storage link solves the problem of asynchronism of energy production and consumption, so that energy has translatability in time and space, and the aim of energy sharing is fulfilled. DC/DC converters are important components for achieving bi-directional flow of energy in energy storage systems and thus need to be studied.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the limitation that the traditional Buck converter can realize high voltage reduction and has the extreme duty ratio, the invention utilizes the coupling inductor to solve the problem, and increases the voltage gain by increasing the turns ratio so as to avoid the extreme duty ratio. The coupling inductor has no direct-current excitation inductance current, can improve the utilization rate of the iron core of the coupling inductor, reduces the iron loss of the coupling inductor, realizes zero-voltage starting of four switching tubes, avoids the occurrence of the Miller effect, and reduces the switching loss.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a high-gain energy-storage buck converter based on coupling inductance comprises a coupling inductance N and four switches S 1 、S 2 、S 3 S and S 4 Three energy transfer capacitances C 1 、C 2 C (C) 3 An output inductance L and an output capacitance C 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Switch S 1 Is connected to the voltage input, switch S 1 And the other end of (C) and the capacitor C 1 Are connected; switch S 2 Is connected to ground, switch S 2 Is connected to the other end of the switch S 1 And capacitor C 1 Between them; coupling inductor primary side N1 homonymous terminal and capacitor C 1 The non-homonymous end of the primary side N1 of the coupling inductor is connected with the homonymous end of the secondary side N2 of the coupling inductor and is connected with a capacitor C 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Switch S 3 One end and a capacitor C 3 Output inductance L is connected, switch S 3 The other end is connected with a non-homonymous end of the secondary side N2 of the coupling inductor; capacitor C 2 One end is grounded, the capacitor C 2 The other end is connected with a non-homonymous end of a coupling inductance secondary side N2 and a switch S 3 Between them; switch S 4 One end is grounded, switch S 4 The other end is connected with a switch S 3 Between the output inductor L and the output capacitor C 0 Connected with a load R, the output capacitor C 0 In parallel with the load R.
Further, the four switches S 1 、S 2 、S 3 S and S 4 Are all connected in parallel with the body diode D.
Using a coupling inductance for increasing the turns ratio to increase the voltage gain to avoid extreme duty cycle conditions; a capacitor is arranged between the input voltage and the primary side of the coupling inductor and is used for further increasing the voltage gain; the four switching tubes realize zero-voltage switching ZVS; the leakage inductance energy of the coupling inductance is recycled; and an isolation capacitor is added on the secondary winding to enable the direct-current excitation inductance current of the coupling inductance to be zero, and a magnetic core with smaller volume is selected to reduce the magnetic core loss.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the turn ratio of the coupling inductor affects the voltage gain, and the invention can increase the voltage gain by increasing the turn ratio so as to avoid the situation of extreme duty ratio.
2. The voltage stress on the switching tube is low, and the MOSFET with smaller rated voltage can be selected to reduce the switching loss.
3. The present invention has a capacitor between the input voltage of the converter and the primary side of the coupling inductor which reduces the input voltage of the coupling inductor to further increase the voltage gain.
4. And the leakage inductance energy of the coupling inductance is recycled, so that the efficiency is improved.
5. The invention adds an isolation capacitor on the secondary winding, which can make the DC exciting inductance current of the coupling inductance zero, thus selecting a magnetic core with smaller volume, reducing the loss of the magnetic core and improving the power density.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a basic topology.
Fig. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram.
Fig. 3 (a) to 3 (i) are circuit diagrams in one switching cycle, and fig. 3 (a) to 3 (i) are circuit diagrams of 9 switching modes.
Fig. 4 is a waveform diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a high-gain energy-storage buck converter based on a coupling inductor includes a coupling inductor N and four switches S 1 、S 2 、S 3 S and S 4 Three energy transfer capacitances C 1 、C 2 C (C) 3 An output inductance L and an output capacitance C 0 。
Specifically comprises a switch S 1 ，S 2 ，S 3 ，S 4 Capacitance C 1 ，C 2 ，C 3 ，C O Primary side N of coupling inductance 1 Coupling inductor secondary side N 2 Output inductance L and load R, switch S 1 Is connected to the voltage input, switch S 1 And the other end of (C) and the capacitor C 1 Are connected; switch S 2 Is connected to ground, switch S 2 Is connected to the other end of the switch S 1 And capacitor C 1 Between them; coupling inductor primary side N1 homonymous terminal and capacitor C 1 The non-homonymous end of the primary side N1 of the coupling inductor is connected with the homonymous end of the secondary side N2 of the coupling inductor and is connected with a capacitor C 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Switch S 3 One end and a capacitor C 3 Output electricitySense L is connected with switch S 3 The other end is connected with a non-homonymous end of the secondary side N2 of the coupling inductor; capacitor C 2 One end is grounded, the capacitor C 2 The other end is connected with a non-homonymous end of a coupling inductance secondary side N2 and a switch S 3 Between them; switch S 4 One end is grounded, switch S 4 The other end is connected with a switch S 3 Between the output inductor L and the output capacitor C 0 Connected with a load R, the output capacitor C 0 In parallel with the load R.
Wherein V is in Is the input voltage, V O Is the output voltage, L m Is the excitation inductance, i Lm Is exciting inductance current, L K Is leakage inductance, i Lk Is leakage inductance current, i L Is an inductor current, C oss1 ，C oss2 ，C oss3 ，C oss4 Respectively is a switch S 1 ，S 2 ，S 3 ，S 4 Parasitic output capacitance of V ds1 ，V ds2 ，V ds3 ，V ds4 Respectively is a switch S 1 ，S 2 ，S 3 ，S 4 Is a drain voltage of (a) a transistor.
Referring to fig. 3 (a) to 3 (i), the operation is divided into 9 switching modes, namely switching mode 1 to switching mode 9, and the specific description is as follows:
switching mode 1[t 0 -t 1 ]: switch tube S 1 S 3 Open, S 2 S 4 Closing, as shown in fig. 3 (a). Because of the positive capacitance C 3 Voltage is applied to exciting inductance L m On the other hand, the exciting inductance current i Lm And linearly increases. According to kirchhoff's voltage law, the voltage across the output inductor L is the capacitance C 2 The sum of the upper voltage and the output voltage, and is forward, so the current i of the inductor L L And linearly increases.
Switching mode 2[t 1 -t 2 ]: this is the dead time, as shown in fig. 3 (b). At t 1 Time S 1 S 3 Closing, parasitic output capacitance C of switch oss1 And C oss3 Start charging C oss2 And C oss4 The discharge is started.
Switching mode 3[t 2 -t 3 ]: when V is ds2 And V ds4 When the voltage of (2) drops to 0, S 2 And S is 4 Is turned on as shown in fig. 3 (c). Leakage inductance and output inductance begin to demagnetize. Capacitor C 1 And C 3 The voltage difference between them is added to leakage inductance L K On the other hand, leakage inductance current i Lk The coupling inductance starts to demagnetize with a linear decrease. Inductor L is added with reverse output voltage-V O So that the inductance current i L The linearity decreases.
Switching mode 4[t 3 -t 4 ]：S 2 And S is 4 Open in the state of Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS), as shown in fig. 3 (d).
Switching mode 5[t 4 -t 5 ]: at t 4 Time of day, S 2 And S is 4 Closing, as shown in fig. 3 (e). C (C) oss1 Discharge C oss2 Charging S 4 Forward bias.
Switching mode 6[t 5 -t 6 ]: when parasitic output capacitance C of switch oss1 Complete discharge C oss2 When the charging is completed, S 1 Is conducted by the body diode of S 2 Closed as shown in fig. 3 (f). S is S 4 Continue to maintain forward bias, S 3 No offset occurs when S 1 This mode ends when on.
Switching mode 7[t 6 -t 7 ]：S 1 Open in the state of Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS), as shown in fig. 3 (g). S is S 2 And S is 3 Closing, S 4 Forward bias, when a relatively large forward voltage is applied to the leakage inductance, the leakage inductance current rises rapidly.
Switching mode 8[t 7 -t 8 ]: at t 7 Time, i S4 Current is 0, parasitic output capacitance C of switch oss3 Discharging C oss4 Charging is performed as shown in fig. 3 (h).
Switching mode 9[t 8 -t 9 ]: when V is ds3 When the voltage of (2) drops to 0, S 3 Is turned on as shown in fig. 3 (i). S is S 3 Start forward bias, when S 3 This mode ends when on, newA round starts.
The gain expression obtained from the above analysis is:
where D is the on duty cycle of the power switch tube and n is the turns ratio of the coupling inductance.
The embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of the manner in which the inventive concepts may be implemented. The scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the specific forms set forth in the embodiments, but the scope of the present invention and the equivalents thereof as would occur to one skilled in the art based on the inventive concept.
Claims (3)
1. A high-gain energy-storage buck converter based on a coupling inductor, which is characterized by comprising a coupling inductor N and four switches S 1 、S 2 、S 3 S and S 4 Three energy transfer capacitances C 1 、C 2 C (C) 3 An output inductance L and an output capacitance C 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Switch S 1 Is connected to the voltage input, switch S 1 And the other end of (C) and the capacitor C 1 Is connected with one end of the connecting rod; switch S 2 Is connected to ground, switch S 2 Is connected to the other end of the switch S 1 And capacitor C 1 Between them; coupling inductor primary side N1 homonymous terminal and capacitor C 1 Is connected with the other end of the coupling inductance primary side N1 and the coupling inductance secondary side N2 and is connected with a capacitor C 3 Is a member of the group; switch S 3 One end and a capacitor C 3 A switch S connected with the other end of the output inductor L 3 The other end is connected with a non-homonymous end of the secondary side N2 of the coupling inductor; capacitor C 2 One end is grounded, the capacitor C 2 The other end is connected with a non-homonymous end of a coupling inductance secondary side N2 and a switch S 3 Between them; switch S 4 One end is grounded, switch S 4 The other end is connected with a switch S 3 Between the output inductor L and the other end of the output inductor L and the output capacitor C 0 One end of the load RAnd the output capacitor C 0 In parallel with the load R, the output capacitor C 0 The other end of the load R is grounded;
the working process is divided into 9 switching modes, namely a switching mode 1 to a switching mode 9, and the following description is given:
switching mode 1: switch S 1 S 3 Open, S 2 S 4 Closing;
switching mode 2: at the initial moment S of the switching mode 2 1 S 3 Closing;
switching mode 3: when the switch S 2 Drain voltage V ds2 And switch S 4 Drain voltage V ds4 When the voltage of (2) drops to 0, S 2 And S is 4 Is conducted by the body diode of the (2);
switching mode 4: s is S 2 And S is 4 Opening in a state of zero voltage switching;
switching mode 5: at the initial moment of the switching mode 5, S 2 And S is 4 Closing;
switching mode 6: when the switch S 1 Parasitic output capacitance C of (2) oss1 Complete discharge, switch S 2 Parasitic output capacitance C of (2) oss2 When the charging is completed, S 1 Is conducted by the body diode of S 2 Closing;
switching mode 7: s is S 1 Open with zero voltage switch ZVS;
switching mode 8: at the initial moment of the switching mode 8, the current flows through the switch S 4 Is the current i of (2) S4 0, switch S 3 Parasitic output capacitance C of (2) oss3 Discharging, switch S 4 Parasitic output capacitance C of (2) oss4 Charging;
switching mode 9: when the switch S 3 Drain voltage V ds3 When the voltage of (2) drops to 0, S 3 Is turned on.
2. The coupling inductance-based high-gain energy-storing buck converter according to claim 1, wherein the four switches S 1 、S 2 、S 3 S and S 4 Are all connected in parallel with the body diode D.
3. A coupling inductance based high gain energy storing buck converter according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein a coupling inductance is used to increase the turns ratio to increase the voltage gain to avoid extreme duty cycle conditions; a capacitor is arranged between the input voltage and the primary side of the coupling inductor, and is used for further increasing the voltage gain; the four switches realize zero voltage switching ZVS; the leakage inductance energy of the coupling inductance is recycled; and an isolation capacitor is added on the secondary side of the coupling inductor and used for enabling the direct-current excitation inductance current of the coupling inductor to be zero, and a small-size magnetic core is selected, so that the magnetic core loss is reduced.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2006311741A (en) * | 2005-04-28 | 2006-11-09 | Oita Univ | Tap inductor step-down converter |
| JP2009005456A (en) * | 2007-06-20 | 2009-01-08 | Oita Univ | Multistage connection dc-dc converter |
| CN107395015A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-11-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of low ripple Sofe Switch synchronous rectification Buck converters based on coupling inductance |
| CN108199579A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-06-22 | 厦门大学 | A kind of high no-load voltage ratio Sofe Switch DC-DC buck converters with coupling inductance |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006311741A (en) * | 2005-04-28 | 2006-11-09 | Oita Univ | Tap inductor step-down converter |
| JP2009005456A (en) * | 2007-06-20 | 2009-01-08 | Oita Univ | Multistage connection dc-dc converter |
| CN107395015A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-11-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of low ripple Sofe Switch synchronous rectification Buck converters based on coupling inductance |
| CN108199579A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-06-22 | 厦门大学 | A kind of high no-load voltage ratio Sofe Switch DC-DC buck converters with coupling inductance |
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