CN112953240A - High-gain energy storage buck converter based on coupling inductor - Google Patents

High-gain energy storage buck converter based on coupling inductor Download PDF

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CN112953240A
CN112953240A CN202110248919.2A CN202110248919A CN112953240A CN 112953240 A CN112953240 A CN 112953240A CN 202110248919 A CN202110248919 A CN 202110248919A CN 112953240 A CN112953240 A CN 112953240A
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switch
capacitor
inductor
coupling inductor
output
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CN112953240B (en
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赵怡彬
梁从斌
赵尔敏
刘宝平
薛远天
魏春
张宏甜
张斌
谢路耀
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Wuwei Power Supply Co Of State Grid Gansu Electric Power Co
Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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Wuwei Power Supply Co Of State Grid Gansu Electric Power Co
Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

A high-gain energy-storage buck converter based on a coupling inductor comprises a coupling inductor N and four switches S1、S2、S3And S3Three energy transfer capacitors C1、C2And C3An output inductor L and an output capacitor C0. By means of the coupled inductor and switched capacitor technology, the present invention can achieve high voltage gain without extreme duty cycles. The controller is used for outputting PWM signals with dead zones to control the switching tube, and zero-voltage switching can be achieved. The invention can realize lower switching stress and can reduce conduction loss by using a switching tube with low rated voltage. In addition, the invention has the advantages of zero magnetizing current, continuous output current, high conversion efficiency and the like, and the leakage inductance energy of the coupling inductor can be recycled.

Description

High-gain energy storage buck converter based on coupling inductor
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of switching power supply design, and designs a high-gain energy-storage buck converter based on a coupling inductor. With the coupled inductor and switched capacitor technology, the designed converter does not require extreme duty cycles to achieve high voltage gain.
Technical Field
The distributed power generation has the characteristics of flexible installation, convenient power supply, short construction period, environmental protection and the like, and the distributed power generation technology is vigorously developed on the basis of centralized power generation and a large power grid, so that mutual supplement and coordination of distributed power supply and large power grid power supply are inevitable trends of power development in the future. However, since the illumination intensity and the wind resource are periodically or non-periodically changed with time, the output power of the photovoltaic panel and the wind power generation equipment is changed, and therefore the distributed power generation has intermittence or discontinuity in time. In order to continuously and stably supply power to a load end, an energy storage unit is added in most distributed power generation systems at present. The energy storage unit in the distributed power generation system is composed of an electric energy converter and energy storage equipment, and can play a role in peak clipping, valley filling, stable output and improvement of electric energy quality in a power supply system. The energy storage link solves the problem of asynchronism of energy production and consumption, so that the energy has translation in time and space, and the aim of energy sharing is fulfilled. The DC/DC converter is an important component for realizing the bidirectional flow of energy of the energy storage system, and thus it is necessary to research the same.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the limitation that extreme duty ratio can occur when the conventional Buck converter realizes high voltage reduction, the invention solves the problem by using the coupling inductor, and the voltage gain is increased by improving the turn ratio so as to avoid the extreme duty ratio. The coupling inductor of the invention has no direct current exciting inductor current, can improve the utilization rate of the iron core of the coupling inductor and reduce the iron loss of the coupling inductor, and the four switching tubes realize zero voltage opening, thereby avoiding the occurrence of the Miller effect and reducing the switching loss.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a high-gain energy-storage buck converter based on a coupling inductor comprises a coupling inductor N and four switches S1、S2、S3And S3Three energy transfer capacitors C1、C2And C3An output inductor L and an output capacitor C0(ii) a Switch S1Is connected to a voltage input, switch S1Another terminal of (1) and a capacitor C1Connecting; switch S2Is connected to ground, switch S2Another end of the switch S is connected with the switch1And a capacitor C1To (c) to (d); coupling inductor primary side N1 dotted terminal and capacitor C1The non-homonymous terminal of the primary side N1 of the coupling inductor is connected with the homonymous terminal of the secondary side N2 of the coupling inductor, and a capacitor C is connected3(ii) a Switch S3One terminal and a capacitor C3Connected to an output inductor L, a switch S3The other end is connected with a non-homonymous end N2 on the secondary side of the coupling inductor; capacitor C2One end of the capacitor is grounded, and the capacitor C2The other end is connected with the non-dotted terminal N2 on the secondary side of the coupling inductor and the switch S3To (c) to (d); switch S4One end is grounded and the switch S4The other end is connected with a switch S3Between the output inductor L and the output capacitor C0Connected to a load R, and an output capacitor C0And a load R in parallel.
Further, the four switches S1、S2、S3And S3Are connected in parallel with diode D.
The coupling inductor is used for improving the turn ratio and increasing the voltage gain so as to avoid the condition of extreme duty ratio; a capacitor is arranged between the input voltage and the primary side of the coupling inductor and is used for further increasing the voltage gain; the four switching tubes realize zero-voltage switching ZVS; recycling leakage inductance energy of the coupling inductor; an isolation capacitor is added on the secondary winding and used for enabling the direct-current excitation inductive current of the coupling inductor to be zero, a magnetic core with a smaller size is selected, and magnetic core loss is reduced.
By adopting the technical scheme provided by the invention, the following beneficial effects are achieved:
1. the turn ratio of the coupling inductor can influence the voltage gain, and the voltage gain can be increased by improving the turn ratio, so that the condition of extreme duty ratio is avoided.
2. The voltage stress on the switching tube is low, and the MOSFET with smaller rated voltage can be selected to reduce the switching loss.
3. The converter of the present invention has a capacitor between the input voltage and the primary side of the coupling inductor which reduces the input voltage to the coupling inductor thereby further increasing the voltage gain.
4. The leakage inductance energy of the coupling inductor is recycled, and the efficiency is improved.
5. The invention can make the direct current excitation inductance current of the coupling inductance zero by adding an isolation capacitor on the secondary winding, thus selecting a magnetic core with smaller volume, reducing the loss of the magnetic core and improving the power density.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a basic topology diagram.
Fig. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of one switching cycle, and fig. 3(a) to 3(i) are circuit diagrams of 9 switching modes.
Fig. 4 is a waveform diagram of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a high-gain energy-storage buck converter based on a coupled inductor includes a coupled inductor N and four switches S1、S2、S3And S3Three energy transfer capacitors C1、C2And C3An output inductor L and an output capacitor C0。
Specifically comprises a switch S1，S2，S3，S4Capacitor C1，C2，C3，COPrimary side N of the coupled inductor1Secondary side N of coupled inductor2Output inductor L and load R, switch S1Is connected to a voltage input, switch S1Another terminal of (1) and a capacitor C1Connecting; switch S2Is connected to ground, switch S2Another end of the switch S is connected with the switch1And a capacitor C1To (c) to (d); coupling inductor primary side N1 dotted terminal and capacitor C1The non-homonymous terminal of the primary side N1 of the coupling inductor is connected with the homonymous terminal of the secondary side N2 of the coupling inductor, and a capacitor C is connected3(ii) a Switch S3One terminal and a capacitor C3Connected to an output inductor L, a switch S3The other end is connected with a non-homonymous end N2 on the secondary side of the coupling inductor; capacitor C2One end of the capacitor is grounded, and the capacitor C2The other end is connected with the non-dotted terminal N2 on the secondary side of the coupling inductor and the switch S3To (c) to (d); switch S4One end is grounded and the switch S4The other end is connected with a switch S3Between the output inductor L and the output capacitor C0Connected to a load R, and an output capacitor C0And a load R in parallel.
Wherein VinIs an input voltage, VOIs the output voltage, LmIs the excitation inductance iLmIs the exciting inductance current, LKIs a leakage inductance, iLkIs a leakage inductance current iLIs the inductive current, Coss1，Coss2，Coss3，Coss4Are respectively a switch S1，S2，S3，S4Parasitic output capacitance of Vds1，Vds2，Vds3，Vds4Are respectively a switch S1，S2，S3，S4The drain voltage of (1).
Referring to fig. 3(a) to 3(i), the working process is divided into 9 switching modes, which are respectively switching mode 1 to switching mode 9, and is specifically described as follows:
switched mode 1[ t ]0-t1]: switch tube S1S3Opening, S2S4Closed as shown in fig. 3 (a). Because of the forward capacitance C3Voltage is applied to exciting inductance LmTherefore exciting an inductor current iLmIncreasing linearly. According to kirchhoff's voltage law, the voltage on the output inductor L is known as the capacitor C2The sum of the voltage across and the output voltage, and is positive, so that the current i of the inductor LLIncreasing linearly.
Switched mode 2[ t ]1-t2]: this is the dead time, as shown in fig. 3 (b). At t1Time S1S3Closed, parasitic output capacitance C of switchoss1And Coss3Start of charging, Coss2And Coss4The discharge is started.
Switching mode 3[ t ]2-t3]: when V isds2And Vds4When the voltage of (2) falls to 0, S2And S4The body diode of (a) is turned on as shown in fig. 3 (c). The leakage inductance and the output inductance start to demagnetize. Capacitor C1And C3The voltage difference between them is added to the leakage inductance LKAbove, so leakage inductance current iLkThe linearity decreases and the coupling inductance begins to demagnetize. Inductor L plus reverse output voltage-VOSo that the inductor current iLThe linearity decreases.
Switch mode 4[ t ]3-t4]：S2And S4Open in the Zero Voltage Switch (ZVS) state as shown in fig. 3 (d).
Switching mode 5[ t ]4-t5]: at t4Time of day, S2And S4Closed as shown in fig. 3 (e). Coss1Discharge Coss2Charging, S4Is forward biased.
Switched mode 6[ t ]5-t6]: parasitic output capacitance C of the switchoss1Complete discharge, Coss2When charging is completed, S1Is turned on by the body diode of2Closed as shown in fig. 3 (f). S4Continue to remain forward biased, S3The offset does not occur and the offset does not occur,when S is1This mode ends when conducting.
Switch mode 7[ t ]6-t7]：S1Open in the Zero Voltage Switch (ZVS) state as shown in fig. 3 (g). S2And S3Closing, S4Forward biased, when a relatively large forward voltage is applied to the leakage inductance, the leakage inductance current rises rapidly.
Switch mode 8 t7-t8]: at t7Time, iS4Current 0, parasitic output capacitance C of the switchoss3Discharge, Coss4Charging, as shown in fig. 3 (h).
Switch mode 9[ t ]8-t9]: when V isds3When the voltage of (2) falls to 0, S3The body diode of (a) is turned on as shown in fig. 3 (i). S3Starting forward bias when S3When switched on this mode ends and a new round starts.
The gain expression from the above analysis is:
Figure BDA0002965160210000061
wherein D is the conduction duty ratio of the power switch tube, and n is the turn ratio of the coupling inductor.
The embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of implementations of the inventive concepts, which are intended for purposes of illustration only. The scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the particular forms set forth in the examples, but rather as being defined by the claims and the equivalents thereof which can occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the present inventive concept.

Claims (3)

1. A high-gain energy-storage buck converter based on a coupling inductor is characterized by comprising a coupling inductor N and four switches S1、S2、S3And S3Three energy transfer capacitors C1、C2And C3An output inductor L and an output capacitor C0(ii) a Switch S1Is connected to a voltage input, switch S1To another one ofTerminal and capacitor C1Connecting; switch S2Is connected to ground, switch S2Another end of the switch S is connected with the switch1And a capacitor C1To (c) to (d); coupling inductor primary side N1 dotted terminal and capacitor C1The non-homonymous terminal of the primary side N1 of the coupling inductor is connected with the homonymous terminal of the secondary side N2 of the coupling inductor, and a capacitor C is connected3(ii) a Switch S3One terminal and a capacitor C3Connected to an output inductor L, a switch S3The other end is connected with a non-homonymous end N2 on the secondary side of the coupling inductor; capacitor C2One end of the capacitor is grounded, and the capacitor C2The other end is connected with the non-dotted terminal N2 on the secondary side of the coupling inductor and the switch S3To (c) to (d); switch S4One end is grounded and the switch S4The other end is connected with a switch S3Between the output inductor L and the output capacitor C0Connected to a load R, and an output capacitor C0And a load R in parallel.
2. The coupled-inductor-based high-gain energy-storage buck converter of claim 1, wherein the four switches S1、S2、S3And S3Are connected in parallel with diode D.
3. A high gain energy-storing buck converter based on a coupled inductor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the coupled inductor is used to increase the turn ratio to increase the voltage gain to avoid extreme duty cycle conditions; a capacitor is arranged between the input voltage and the primary side of the coupling inductor and is used for further increasing the voltage gain; the four switching tubes realize zero-voltage switching ZVS; recycling leakage inductance energy of the coupling inductor; an isolation capacitor is added on the secondary winding and used for enabling the direct-current excitation inductive current of the coupling inductor to be zero, a magnetic core with a smaller size is selected, and magnetic core loss is reduced.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114640262A (en) * 2022-05-16 2022-06-17 广东希荻微电子股份有限公司 Voltage conversion circuit and electronic device

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006311741A (en) * 2005-04-28 2006-11-09 Oita Univ Tap inductor step-down converter
JP2009005456A (en) * 2007-06-20 2009-01-08 Oita Univ Multistage connection dc-dc converter
CN107395015A (en) * 2017-08-08 2017-11-24 哈尔滨工业大学 A kind of low ripple Sofe Switch synchronous rectification Buck converters based on coupling inductance
CN108199579A (en) * 2018-01-08 2018-06-22 厦门大学 A kind of high no-load voltage ratio Sofe Switch DC-DC buck converters with coupling inductance

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006311741A (en) * 2005-04-28 2006-11-09 Oita Univ Tap inductor step-down converter
JP2009005456A (en) * 2007-06-20 2009-01-08 Oita Univ Multistage connection dc-dc converter
CN107395015A (en) * 2017-08-08 2017-11-24 哈尔滨工业大学 A kind of low ripple Sofe Switch synchronous rectification Buck converters based on coupling inductance
CN108199579A (en) * 2018-01-08 2018-06-22 厦门大学 A kind of high no-load voltage ratio Sofe Switch DC-DC buck converters with coupling inductance

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114640262A (en) * 2022-05-16 2022-06-17 广东希荻微电子股份有限公司 Voltage conversion circuit and electronic device
US11750093B1 (en) 2022-05-16 2023-09-05 Halo Microelectronics Co., Ltd. Voltage conversion circuits and electronic equipment

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